2021届浙江省嘉兴市高一下学期期末检测英语试题（解析版）

嘉兴市2020-2021学年第二学期期末检测高一英语考生须知：1.全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，有四部分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2.本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。3.请用黑墨水签字笔将学校、班级、姓名分别填写在答题纸的相应位置上。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inatheatre.C.Inanoffice.2.Howmany$10billsdoesthewomanwant?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.3.Whatisthemanangryat?A.Trafficlights.B.Somewomendrivers.C.Telephoningwhiledriving.4.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Athiefbrokeintohergarden.B.Someofhermoneywasstolen.C.Oneofherwindowswasbroken.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisinterestedinhigh-speedtravel.B.Headvisesthewomantotravelbytrain.C.Hethinkshigh-speedtravelhasdisadvantages.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6.Whydothespeakershopeforsunnydays?A.Theycan'tdoanythingintherain.B.Theyareworriedabouttheirvegetables.C.Theyfeelboredwiththechangeableweather.7.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybelikethisafternoon?A.Snowy.B.Foggy.C.Cloudy.8.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.WhereisRickworkingnow?A.Inahotel.B.Inalawoffice.C.Inatravelcompany.10.HowwillRickprobablyfeelabouthistrip?A.Excited.B.Curious.C.Nervous.11.HowsoondoesthewomanthinkRickwillleave?A.Inthreedays.B.Inaweek.C.Inamonth.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Newfilms.B.Popularcinemas.C.Film-seeinghabits.13.Whatbothersthewomanmostatthecinema?A.Thelongwaitingtime.B.Thenoisepeoplemake.C.Theuncomfortableseat.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?AHelikestalkingaboutnewfilms.B.Heenjoysseeingfilmswithfriends.C.Heprefersseeingnewfilmsatthecinema.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhatdoestheSunshineHotelhave?A.Agym.B.Acinema.C.Amultimediacenter.16.Wherecanpeoplegetinstructionprogramsinwatersports?A.IntheSunshineHotel.B.IntheHighlandHotel.C.IntheCarminiaHotel.17.WhatcanpeopledointheRoyalHotelforfree?A.Gosailing.B.SurftheInternet.C.Playgolf.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeaker?A.Ataxidriver.B.ApoliceofficerC.Aradioannouncer.19.WhatmakesdrivingataxiahardjobinLondon?A.Badtraffic.B.Heavyairpollution.C.Confusingstreetnames.20.Whatdocsthespeakerexpectpeopletodointrafficjams?A.Haveamapready.B.Changedirections.C.Showunderstanding.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ATodaytheideaof“simpleandseasonal"seemstobeeverywhere.ButAliceWaterswassayingitabout50yearsago,whenChezPanissefirstopenedonShattuckAvenueinBerkeley.Neitheratrainedcooknorabusinesswoman,shehaschangedthefaceofAmericandining.Watersneverintendedtohavethepowershenowhas.GrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1950s,shewenttotheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,onlybecauseherclosestfriendsweregoing,andforawhileshedidn'thaveadearaim.ButlivinginFranceforayearchangedeverything.Watersfellinlovewithgoodfoodandthecarepeopletookoveritssourcingandcooking.“ItookmySlowFoodvalues—everyoneshouldhaveaccesstogoodfood,andgrowersareproperlyvalued—from1960sFrance,”shesays.“BythetimeIcamehometheywerepartofme.”BackinCalifornia,allWaterswantedtodowascookandopenarestaurant.WhenChezPanissefinallyopened,withdinnercookedandservedbyateamwithnotraining,itwasadisaster.Guestswaitedagesfortheirfood.ButWaterswasnotdiscouraged.“I'vealwayssaidthatifsomeonemakesdeliciousfood,otherswillfindit.”Since1971,ChezPanisse'sonlyexpansionhasbeenacafeupstairs.WatershasalwaysrefusedtomakeitbiggersincethatmightweakentheChezPanissebrand.HerEdibleSchoolyardProject,ontheotherhand,hasbeenintentionallyspreadout.ItstartedwhenWaterscreatedagardenspaceataBerkeleyschoolforteachingaboutfood.Today,over2,000schoolsworldwidearcfollowingWaters'originalmodel.TheSchoolyardrepresentseverythingAliceWatersstandsforandactsasacornerstone,promotingbotheducationalandpersonalgrowth.Thefoodisgrownslowlyandnaturallybyhand.Studentslearnaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating,careersinfoodindustry,nutrition,foodsafety,andtherestaurantbusiness.1.WhatcanweknowaboutWaters'SlowFoodvalues?A.HerclosestfriendsimpressedthemonhenB.ShecameupwiththemwhenshewasinFrance.C.TheyhavemadeadifferencetoAmericandining.D.TheywerepopularinAmericaabout50yearsago.2.WhathappenedtoChezPanissewhenitjustopened?A.ItdisappointedWaters. B.Itdidn'tcomeoutwell.C.Itfailedtoservegoodfood. D.Itachievedimmediatesuccess.3.WhatisthepurposeofWaters,EdibleSchoolyardProject?A.Tospreadknowledgeaboutfood. B.Toenrichcampuslife.C.Tohelpstudentsexperiencefarming. D.Toreducestudents'pressure.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AliceWaters推行“简单和季节性”的理念，她的慢食价值观改变了美国人的饮食习惯。文章讲述了她开设ChezPanisse的经过，以及创立了一个名为EdibleSchoolyard的项目来教授食物的知识。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Neitheratrainedcooknorabusinesswoman,shehaschangedthefaceofAmericandining.(她既不是训练有素的厨师，也不是商人，但她改变了美国餐饮的面貌)”可知，Waters的慢食价值观改变了美国人的饮食习惯。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“WhenChezPanissefinallyopened,withdinnercookedandservedbyateamwithnotraining,itwasadisaster.Guestswaitedagesfortheirfood.(ChezPanisse餐厅终于开张了，由一个没有受过任何训练的团队来烹制和服务，简直是一场灾难。客人们等了很久才得到食物)”可知，ChezPanisse刚开张的时候情况不太好。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“HerEdibleSchoolyardProject,ontheotherhand,hasbeenintentionallyspreadout.ItstartedwhenWaterscreatedagardenspaceataBerkeleyschoolforteachingaboutfood.(另一方面，她的EdibleSchoolyard项目被有意地推广开来。它始于Waters在伯克利的一所学校创建了一个用于教授食物的花园空间)”可知，EdibleSchoolyard项目的目的是传播关于食物的知识。故选A。BMarsisaneighboringplanetinoursolarsystem.ScientistsstudyMarsbecauseitcouldholdcluesthatcouldhelpuslearnmoreaboutlifeonEarth.Fordecades,scientistshaveusedrobottechnologytobetterunderstandMars.InDecember2020,scientistsintroducedagroupofrobotsnamedMarsDogsatayearlymeeting.TheMarsDogisafour-leggedrobotcreatedbythecompanyBostonDynamics.It,alongwithothersimilarrobots,canmovearoundinwaysthewheeledrovers（探测器）thatexploredtheplanetnevercould.TraditionalMarsroversarelimitedmostlytoflatsurfaces.However,manyscientificallyinterestingMartianregionsareonlyreachablebycrossingveryrough（崎岖的）groundorgoingbelowground.WalkingMarsDogsarewell-suitedforsuchchallenges-eveniftheyfalldown,theycangetbackupagain.Theserobotscanalsoexploreundergroundbywalkingaroundrocksandloweringthemselvesintocaves.Theyareevencapableofselectingwhichpathtotake.Whiletheydothis,theycollectmeasurementstobuildamapofwhattheysec.AMarsDogwouldalsobeabout12timeslighterthancurrentrovers.Itwouldbeabletotravelmuchfaster,reachingnormalwalkingspeedsof5kilometersperhourduringtests.ComparethattotheCuriosityroverthatiscurrentlyexploringMars.CuriosityrollsalongtheMartiansurfaceatabout0.14kilometersperhour.BeforegoingtoMars,theteammembersaretestingtherobot.TheyeventaketherobottooutdoorlocationssimilartoMartianlandscapes.Thosetestsshowthattherobots,withoutanyhelp,canwalkaroundrocksandmapdeepcaves."ThesebehaviorscouldonedayenablesignificantscientificmissionstotakeplaceontheMartiansurfaceandsubsurface,"thescientistssaidattheyearlymeeting.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.WaysB.RobotdogsnewlycreatedforMarsexploration.C.DifferencesbetweentheMarsDogandCuriosity.D.StudiesofMarswiththehelpofrobottechnology.5.WhatadvantagedoMarsDogshaveaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Theyaremuchlighter. B.Theytravelmuchfaster.C.Theyarebetteratseekingshelter. D.Theymovearoundmoreflexibly.6.Whatisscientists’attitudetothefutureofMarsDogs?A.Satisfied. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Alarmed.【答案】4.B5.D6.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型机器人“火星犬”，在未来投入使用后将更好的完成火星探索使命。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“InDecember2020,scientistsintroducedagroupofrobotsnamedMarsDogsatayearlymeeting.”（2020年12月，科学家们在年会上介绍了一组名为MarsDogs的机器人。）可知这篇文章主要介绍了新创造的机器狗未来可用于火星探索。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,manyscientificallyinterestingMartianregionsareonlyreachablebycrossingveryrough（崎岖的）groundorgoingbelowground.WalkingMarsDogsarewell-suitedforsuchchallenges-eveniftheyfalldown,theycangetbackupagain.”（然而，许多具有科学意义的火星区域只能通过非常崎岖的地面或进入地下才能到达。火星犬很适合应对这样的挑战——即使它们跌倒了，它们也能重新站起来。）可推知“火星犬”的优点是可以灵活的移动。故选D项。【6题详解】观点态度题。根据最后一段中“ThesebehaviorscouldonedayenablesignificantscientificmissionstotakeplaceontheMartiansurfaceandsubsurface”（机器狗的这些表现有朝一日可以让重要的科学任务在火星表面和地下进行）可知科学家对未来“火星狗”的态度是充满的希望的。A.Satisfied满意的；B.Doubtful质疑的；C.Hopeful有希望的；D.Alarmed警觉的。结合选项翻译可知，C项“有希望的”符合科学家对“火星狗”的态度。故选C项。【点睛】CWhalingwasonceamajorindustryworldwide.Andbythe1940s,morethan30,000whaleswerebeingcaughteveryyeanOilfromwhaleswaswidelyused.Inordertomakepossibletheorderlydevelopmentoftheglobalwhalingindustry,theinternationalWhalingCommission(IWC)wasformedin1946.However,in1986,theIWCvoted(投票)forabanonwhaling.Thebiggestconcernwasthehugefallinwhalepopulationsacrosstheplanet.Indeedmanypeoplesaythebancametoolateandthatcommercialwhalinghasalreadydrivenmanyspeciesclosetoextinction.AccordingtoGreenpeace,bluewhalesarelessthan1%oftheiroriginalnumberintheAntarcticwhileSeiWhalesandFinWhalesarealsolistedas“endangeredspecies”.Therearemanyothergoodreasonstoopposewhaling.Whalesareextremelyintelligentcreatures.Theyhavesocialnetworksverysimilartothoseofhumans,andscientistshaverecentlydiscoveredthatwhaleshavebraincellsonlypreviouslyfoundinhumansandgreatapes(猿).Ontopofthat,whalingisalsoacruelindustry.Whalesareoftencaughtusingexplosiveharpoons(鱼叉).Insomecases,whentheharpoondoesn'tbititstargetproperly,whalescantakeminutesorsometimeshourstodie.Despitethis,somecountriescontinuetohuntwhales.AndcurrentlyJapanhuntsmorethan1,000whalesayear-allofthempartofasupposed“scientificresearch”programme.Manypeoplearguethatthis“research”isnothingmorethanafrontofcommercialwhaling—themeatthatisleftoveraftersamplesaretakenissold.Atpresent,theworldisfairlydividedontheissuewithIceland,JapanandNorwayonthepro-whalingsideandtheUS,Australia,NewZealandandtheEUontheanti-whalingside.Askedrecentlybowdifficulthisjobwasonascale(等级)ofonetoten,CristianMaquieira,thechairmanoftheIWCsaid,“Aboutatwelve!”7.WhatisthemainreasonfortheIWC,votingforabanonwhaling?A.Manywhalespeciesdiedout.B.Whalesarehighlyintelligentcreatures.C.Thenumberofwhalesdroppedsharply.D.Whalessuffergreatpainwhenbeingcaught.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“oppose”inparagraph3mean?A.Protest. B.Maintain. C.Permit. D.Improve.9.Whydosomecountriescontinuetohuntwhales?A.Toensurefoodsupply. B.Todoscientificresearch.C.Toprotectotherspecies. D.Tomakeeconomicprofit.10.WhatdocsCristianMaquieirameanbysaying“Aboutatwelve!”?A.TheIWCwillmakegreateffortstopromotetheban.B.ItisratherchallengingfortheIWCtocarryouttheban.C.ThereisstillmuchroomfortheIWCtoimproveitswork.D.TheIWCisconfidentofstoppingallcountrieshuntingwhales.【答案】7.C8.A9.D10.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了捕鲸业的发展历程和未来发展方向等。【7题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“However,in1986,theIWCvoted(投票)forabanonwhaling.Thebiggestconcernwasthehugefallinwhalepopulationsacrosstheplanet.(然而，1986年，国际捕鲸委员会投票赞成禁止捕鲸。最大的担忧是全球鲸鱼数量的大幅下降。)”可知，国际捕鲸委员会投票禁止捕鲸的主要原因是鲸鱼的数量急剧减少。故选C项。【8题详解】词义猜测题。结合第二段所讲的“禁止捕鲸的原因”和第三段中的“Therearemanyothergoodreasonstoopposewhaling.(oppose捕鲸还有许多其他好理由。)”可知，承接上文，第三段依旧讲述“禁止捕鲸”的相关内容，oppose在此处意为“Protest(反对)”。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Manypeoplearguethatthis“research”isnothingmorethanafrontofcommercialwhaling—themeatthatisleftoveraftersamplesaretakenissold.(许多人认为，这种“研究”不过是商业捕鲸的前沿——取样后遗留下来的肉被出售。)”可知，有些国家继续捕鲸其实是为了经济利益。故选D项。【10题详解】句意猜测题。由最后一段中的“Askedrecentlybowdifficulthisjobwasonascale(等级)ofonetoten,CristianMaquieira,thechairmanoftheIWCsaid,“Aboutatwelve!”(国际捕鲸委员会主席CristianMaquieira最近被问到，他的工作有多困难，从1到10分不等，他说：“大约12等级！”)”可知，当CristianMaquieira被问到，他的工作有多困难时，他说工作难度等级是12，“Aboutatwelve!”说明国际捕鲸委员会执行这项禁令是相当有挑战性的。故选B项。第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereyouareinyourfavoriteclothingstore.Youdon’treallyneedtobuyanything,buteverythingissocheapandfashionable!Beforeyouknowit,youleavethestorewithbagsandbagsofnewclothes.Onthesurface,thisdoesn’tseemsobad.However,therearealotofhiddencostsbehindthelowpriceputforwardbyfastfashionbrands.____11____Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,micro-plasticsandunwantedwaste.Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainable(可持续发展的)industriesontheplanet,commentedMichaelStanley-Jones,anofficerwiththeUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram.____12____Actually,itdoesn'tjusttakeupspaceinourhouses,though.Italsoendsupinlandfills(垃圾场),too.____13____Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumptionandwhatchangestheycanmaketobecomesustainable,JaneFellner,founderofsustainablefashioncompanyLoopster,toldtheGuardian.Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlychoice.____14____And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.____15____“Theonlytruesustainablewaytoshopistonotshopatall,”RachelKibbc,abrandadviserforensuringsustainabilityinfashion,toldInsider,“Unlessyou’rebuyingclothesthatALREADYexist.”A.However,thankfully,thefashiontrendischanging.B.Tobefrank,thefashionindustryisterriblefortheplanet.C.Thesecondhandmarketisfacingquiteafewsignificantchallenges.D.Infact,they’vedevelopedsomemarketingstrategiestoincreasesales.E.Researchshowsthesecondhandmarketisexpectedtoreach$80billionby2029.F.“We’reourownwastemanagers,storingfashionwasteinourhouses,”henoted.G.Fellneradded,“Secondhandbecomesmoresociallyacceptableand,forsome,cool.”【答案】11.B12.F13.A14.E15.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了时尚产业造成的危害，以及之后的改变趋势和二手市场的快速发展。【11题详解】上文“However,therearealotofhiddencostsbehindthelowpriceputforwardbyfastfashionbrands.(然而，在快速时尚品牌提出的低价背后，隐藏着不少成本。)”指出了快速时尚品牌的缺点——高成本，选项B“坦率地说，时尚产业对地球是可怕的。”承接上文，继续陈述时尚产业的危害，引出下文“Notonlydoesituseupalotofresources,butitalsoheavilypollutestheenvironmentwithchemicals,micro-plasticsandunwantedwaste.(它不仅消耗了大量的资源，而且还用化学物质、微塑料和不必要的废物严重污染环境。)”具体说明它的危害。故选B项。【12题详解】上文“Fashionisoneoftheleastsustainable(可持续发展的)industriesontheplanet,commentedMichaelStanley-Jones,anofficerwiththeUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram.(联合国环境规划署官员MichaelStanley-Jones评论说，时尚业是这个星球上最不可持续的产业之一。)”以官员的评论说明时尚业的不可持续性，选项F“‘我们是自己的垃圾管理者，把时尚垃圾储存在自己的房子里，’他说。”则运用直接引语陈述该官员的批评观点。引出下文“Actually,itdoesn'tjusttakeupspaceinourhouses,though.Italsoendsupinlandfills,too.(事实上，它不仅占用了我们房子里的空间，而且最终也会被送到垃圾填埋场。)”对此观点进一步解释。上下文逻辑合理。故选F项。【13题详解】下文“Peopleareincreasinglyexaminingtheirownconsumptionandwhatchangestheycanmaketobecomesustainable,JaneFellner,founderofsustainablefashioncompanyLoopster,toldtheGuardian.(可持续时尚公司Loopster的创始人JaneFellner在接受《卫报》采访时表示，越来越多的人开始审视自己的消费，以及他们可以做出哪些改变来实现可持续消费。)”说明了越来越多的人在做出改变，选项A“但是，值得庆幸的是，时尚潮流正在改变。”说明时尚潮流正在改变。选项中ischanging和下文中changes词汇重叠，语义一致。故选A项。【14题详解】上文“Inparticular,withitstypicallylowerpricesandrarefashionfinds,shoppingsecondhandhasbecomeanincreasinglypopularandeco-friendlychoice.(特别是，由于其通常较低的价格和罕见的时尚发现，二手购物已经成为越来越受欢迎和环保的选择。)”说明二手购物越来越受欢迎，选项E“研究显示，到2029年，二手市场预计将达到800亿美元。”承接上文，用具体的研究结果说明二手市场的受欢迎程度。上下文语义一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。【15题详解】上文“And,althoughfastfashionwillcontinuetogrow20percentoverthenext10years,secondhandfashionisexpectedtogrowanunbelievable185percentinthatsameamountoftime.(尽管快时尚在未来10年将继续增长20%，但二手时尚预计在同样的时间内将增长185%，这令人难以置信。)”说明二手市场的发展令人难以置信，选项G“Fellner补充说，‘二手货越来越被社会所接受，对某些人来说，它很酷。’”用Fellner的直接引语，对上文所指“二手市场的发展”进行补充说明。语义一致，逻辑合理。故选G项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分，5分）第一节：完形填空（共20个小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。TencatsandsixdogsinW-UnderdogsaresafethankstothequickthinkingofKeithWalker;ahomelessmaninAtlanta.Seeingahome____16____hecalledthefiredepartment,andthen____17____tosavethedogsandcats.Foundedaboutsixyearsago,W-Underdogsisacommunitygroup____18____dogsandcats.Volunteersinthegroup____19____dogfoodtopeoplewhocan'talwaysaffordtobuyit,____20____petswithoutowners,andprovide____21____attimes.Walker,53,hasbeenhomelessfor40years.He____22____thegroupwithoddjobs,butsincenewsofhisbrave____23____hassurfaced,thegrouphasreceivedlargequantitiesof____24____abouthowtheycanhelp.GoFundMe____25____havebeensetuptofinanciallysupportWalkerandW-Underdogs,which____26____somuchinthefire.“____27____.they'reallsafenowandlotsofvolunteersarewalkingthemandlovingthem,”saysdogtrainerVictoria."It'sasmallbut____28____job.Wedotheworkincommunitiesthatisvery____29____.Butpeoplehavebeensounbelievablygenerouswiththeirtimeand____30____blanketsandhelpinguswithW-Underdogs."Dozensofpeopleleft____31____online,butonesummedeverythingupsowell:“I____32____aboutKeith'sheroismanditwaspossiblythebeststoryforme.Weallhaveproblems,troublesanddifficultiesfittingin.Butthepure____33____ofthismanisundeniable.____34____andpeopleneedsomeonelikehimtosimplyexistbecausehislovematters.Thankyoufor____35____thelightintheworld.”16.A.shining B.standing C.burning D.shaking17.A.hesitated B.rushed C.happened D.continued18.A.caringfor B.searchingfor C.callingfor D.standingfor19.A.return B.recommend C.sell D.deliver20.A.takein B.putaside C.hideaway D.pickout21.A.information B.transport C.shelter D.equipment22.A.helps B.provides C.rewards D.connects23.A.rescue B.operation C.escape D.defence24.A.orders B.notices C.messages D.doubts25.A.clubs B.accounts C.systems D.committees26.A.sought B.achieved C.lost D.wasted27.A.Hopefully B.Frankly C.Unexpectedly D.Fortunately28.A.ordinary B.worthwhile C.interesting D.creative29.A.annoying B.dangerous C.tiring D.tough30.A.exchanging B.donating C.designing D.selecting31.A.impressions B.requests C.concerns D.comments32.A.wrote B.spoke C.read D.thought33.A.goodness B.honesty C.carefulness D.curiosity34.A.Nature B.Friendship. C.Resources D.Animals35.A.cuttingoff B.addingto C.turningdown D.runningafter【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.D20.A21.C22.A23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了KeithWalker看到一所房子着火，给消防队打了电话后，冲过去救那些狗和猫的故事。有人在网上发表评论说：动物和人类需要像他这样的人存在，因为他的爱很重要。谢谢Keith为世界增添了光明。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到一所房子着火，他给消防队打了电话，然后冲过去救那些狗和猫。A.shining闪烁；B.standing站立；C.burning燃烧；D.shaking摇晃。根据后文“hecalledthefiredepartment”可知房子着火了，所以给消防队打电话。故选C。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到一所房子着火，他给消防队打了电话，然后冲过去救那些狗和猫。A.hesitated犹豫；B.rushed急忙；C.happened发生；D.continued继续。根据后文“tosavethedogsandcats”可知当时房子着火了，所以Keith急忙去救房子里那些狗和猫，rushto“急着做……”。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：成立于六年前的W-Underdogs是一个照顾猫狗的社区组织。A.caringfor关心；B.searchingfor寻找；C.callingfor要求；D.standingfor代表。根据后文“dogsandcats”可知W-Underdogs是一个照顾猫狗的社区组织。故选A。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该组织的志愿者们为那些总是买不起狗粮的人提供狗粮，收养没有主人的宠物，有时还为他们提供住所。A.return返回；B.recommend推荐；C.sell出售；D.deliver递送。根据后文“dogfoodtopeoplewhocan'talwaysaffordtobuyit”可知组织的志愿者会为那些总是买不起狗粮的人送狗粮。故选D。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：该组织的志愿者们为那些总是买不起狗粮的人提供狗粮，收养没有主人的宠物，有时还为他们提供住所。A.takein理解，收养；B.putaside放在一边；C.hideaway隐藏；D.pickout挑选。根据后文“petswithoutowners”指收养没有主人的宠物，应用takein。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织的志愿者们为那些总是买不起狗粮的人提供狗粮，收养没有主人的宠物，有时还为他们提供住所。A.information信息；B.transport运输；C.shelter庇护所，收容所；D.equipment设备。结合上文“petswithoutowners,andprovide”指为没有主人的宠物提供住所，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他帮助该组织做一些零工，但自从他勇敢救援的消息浮出水面以来，该组织收到了大量关于如何提供帮助的信息。A.helps帮助；B.provides提供；C.rewards奖励；D.connects连接。根据后文“thegroupwithoddjobs”可知Walker帮助该组织做一些零工，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助该组织做一些零工，但自从他勇敢救援的消息浮出水面以来，该组织收到了大量关于如何提供帮助的信息。A.rescue营救；B.operation手术；C.escape逃跑；D.defence防御。呼应第一段中“tosavethedogsandcats”指Walker救援流浪动物。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助该组织做一些零工，但自从他勇敢救援的消息浮出水面以来，该组织收到了大量关于如何提供帮助的信息。A.orders订单；B.notices通知；C.messages信息；D.doubts怀疑。根据后文“abouthowtheycanhelp”指收到关于如何提供帮助的信息，messages符合语境。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“GoFundMe”账户已经建立起来为沃克和W-Underdogs提供资金支持，他们在火灾中损失惨重。A.clubs俱乐部；B.accounts账户；C.systems系统；D.committees委员会。根据前后文“GoFundMe…havebeensetuptofinanciallysupportWalker”指创建“GoFundMe”账户。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“GoFundMe”账户已经建立起来为沃克和W-Underdogs提供资金支持，他们在火灾中损失惨重。A.sought寻找；B.achieved实现；C.lost失去；D.wasted浪费。根据后文“somuchinthefire.”可知因为火灾造成损失惨重，所以需要资金支持。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“幸运的是，它们现在都很安全，很多志愿者都在遛它们，喜欢它们，”训狗师维多利亚说。A.Hopefully有希望地；B.Frankly坦白地；C.Unexpectedly意外地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据后文“they'reallsafenowandlotsofvolunteersarewalkingthemandlovingthem”可知动物们现在都很安全，这是幸事。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一项虽小但值得做的工作。A.ordinary普通的；B.worthwhile值得做的；C.interesting有趣的；D.creative有创造力的。根据上文“It'sasmallbut”中but表示转折，可知工作虽小，但是值得去做。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在社区里做的工作非常艰难。A.annoying烦人的；B.dangerous危险的；C.tiring累人的；D.tough艰难的。根据后文“Butpeoplehavebeensounbelievablygenerouswiththeirtime”中but表示转折，提到了人们非常慷慨地投入了他们的时间，说明本句是在说明他们的社区的工作并不容易，非常艰难。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但人们非常慷慨地投入了他们的时间捐出毯子帮助我们W-Underdogs。A.exchanging交换；B.donating捐赠；C.designing设计；D.selecting选择。根据后文“blanketsandhelpinguswithW-Underdogs”可知，人们慷慨地捐出了毯子。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人在网上留言，但有一个人总结得很好……A.impressions印象；B.requests请求；C.concerns关心；D.comments评论。结合后文“online,butonesummedeverythingupsowell”指人们在网上留言，发表评论，comments符合语境。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我读到了Keith的英雄事迹，这可能是我读过的最好的故事。A.wrote写；B.spoke说；C.read阅读；D.thought认为。根据后文“aboutKeith'sheroismanditwaspossiblythebeststoryforme.”可知指有人读到了Keith的英雄事迹，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是这个人的善良是不可否认的。A.goodness善良；B.honesty诚实；C.carefulness仔细；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文中提到的Keith不顾危险，冲进着火的房子里救动物，可见他很善良。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物和人类需要像他这样的人存在，因为他的爱很重要。A.Nature自然；B.Friendship友谊；C.Resources资源；D.Animals动物。根据第一段中提到Keith救出那些猫狗，可见是动物和人类都需要他这样的人。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你为世界增添了光明。A.cuttingoff切断；B.addingto增加；C.turningdown关小；D.runningafter追赶。根据后文“thelightintheworld”可知这人评价Keith给世界增添了光明，addto符合语境。故选B。第二节(共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedNationsbelievesabout17percentoftheworld'sfood____36____(go)towasteeachyear.TheinformationcomesfromtheUNEnvironmentProgramsFoodWasteIndexReport2021.Thereportsaysfoodwasteisnotonly____37____probleminrichcountries,italsohappensinpoorcountries____38____foodsuppliescangobadwithoutcoldstorage(存储).Mostofthewastedfoodcomesfromhomes.Therestcomesfromstoresandfoodservice____39____(company).Sometimesstoresofferreducedpricesonlargeramountsoffood.Whenpeoplebuytoomuchfood,theydon'talwaysuseitbeforeitgoesbad.Also,thewritingonfoodcontainerscanbehard____40____(understand).Insomecases,theproducersputadatethatshowswhenthefoodwillbebesttoeat.Sometimesthefoodisstillgoodforseveraldaysafterthedate,____41____peoplewillthrowitaway.Sofar,foodadministratorsintheUS____42____(ask)producerstolabeltheirproductsinawaythatismuch____43____(easy)forpeopletounderstand.Researcherssayfoodwasteisa____44____(grow)concernbecauseofthelargeamountoflandandenergyrequiredtoproducefood,raiseanimalsandplantcrops.Iffoodwasteiscutdown,itmightbepossibletoreducetheimpactofitsproduction____45____theworld.【答案】36.goes37.a38.where39.companies40.tounderstand41.but42.haveasked43.easier44.growing45.on/upon【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。联合国认为，全球每年约有17%的粮食被浪费。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：联合国认为，全球每年约有17%的粮食被浪费。根据eachyear可知，这是目前的事实，用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词food，谓语用第三人称单数。故填goes。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：报告称，食物浪费的问题不仅仅出现在英国或美国等富裕国家，这种情况也发生在贫穷国家，那里的食物供应因为没有冷藏会变质。此处泛指“一个问题”，problem以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：报告称，食物浪费的问题不仅仅出现在英国或美国等富裕国家，这种情况也发生在贫穷国家，那里的食物供应因为没有冷藏会变质。先行词是countries，在定语从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。【39题详解】考查名词数。句意：剩下的部分来自商店和餐饮服务公司。根据storesand得知，用名词复数形式。故填companies。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，食品容器上的文字可能很难理解。sth.beadj.todosth.，动词不定式做结果状语。故填tounderstand。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：有时，过期几天的食物仍然可以食用，但人们还是会选择扔掉。前面说食物还可以食用，后面人们还是扔掉这些食物，说明是转折关系。故填but。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：目前，美国食品管理部门已经要求生产商以简单易懂的方式给产品贴标签。Sofar是现在完成时的提示词，主语是复数名词，谓语复数形式。故填haveasked。【43题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：目前，美国食品管理部门已经要求生产商以简单易懂的方式给产品贴标签。much后面用形容词比较级。故填easier。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：研究人员表示，由于生产食物、饲养动物和种植作物需要大量土地和能源，食物浪费的问题日益凸显。形容词growing作定语修饰名词concern。故填growing。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：如果减少食物浪费，就有可能减轻食物生产对全球的影响。“对……的影响”用theimpacton/upon。故填on/upon。第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：句子翻译(共5句；每句3分，满分15分)按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语，翻译下列句子。46.为了证明他是对的，他竭尽全力搜集证据。(prove;evidence)(汉译英）【答案】Inordertoprovehimright,hetriedhisbesttocollectevidence.

【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语、短语和名词。表示“为了”使用短语Inorderto；表示“证明”应用动词prove；动词不定式作目的状语。表示“竭尽全力”短语为tryhisbesttodo；表示“搜集”动词为collect；表示“证据”应用名词evidence；且根据汉语提示可知，这里使用一般过去时表达过去发生的动作。故翻译为Inordertoprovehimright,hetriedhisbesttocollectevidence。【点睛】47.圣诞节临近，人们忙着购买礼物、装饰圣诞树。(approach;decorate)(汉译英）【答案】WiththeapproachofChristinas,peoplearebusybuyinggiftsanddecoratingChristmastrees.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词、短语和动词。表示“临近”使用名词approach；“随着...临近”用withtheapproachof；表示“忙于”使用短语bebusydoing；表示“装饰”使用动词decorate；根据汉语提示可知，这里使用现在进行时。故翻译为WiththeapproachofChristinas,p