中考题型分类突破 题型七 阅读理解 考点03 议论文（解析版）

PAGEPAGE22中考题型分类突破题型七阅读理解考点03议论文类型一选择型阅读理解AIwasfilledwithdoubtsandworriesuntilmygrandfathertoldmetostandtall.Forme,heightwasmytrouble.Iwasmuchtallerthanothergirls,soIoftenbent(弯曲)mybodyatthebackoftheline.IhadalwaysfeltunsafeasthetalleststudentofmyclassinBalaCynwyd.AndIwasn'tlookingforwardtoenteringtheninthgrade.Mygrandfatherdidn'tlaughatme.Instead,wheneverItriedtobendmyselfinordertoappearshorter,hewouldtellme,“Standstraightandtall,Alisa.”Itrustedmygrandfathermorethananyoneelseinmychildhood.AndwheneverIwasafraidofsomething,healwaystoldmestoriesofhislife.Mygrandfathergrewupinwar-torn(战乱的)Europe.“Standstraight,standtall”meantsomethingelsethen.Afterthewar,hewenttoAmerica.Helivedahardlife.“Iftheycoulddoit,whycouldn'tI?“Standstraight,standtall.”heoftenreminded(提醒)himself.Thankstothehelpofafriend,mygrandfathergotajob.Heoncetoldmethathewasverynervousatfirst.Hewasnotonlytryingtolearnthishardnewjobbutalsoanewlanguage.“Standstraight,standtall,”hewouldalwaystellhimself.Iamsoproudofmygrandfather.Afterlisteningtomygrandfather'sunusualexperiences.IhavechangedthewayIlookatmyownlife.“Standstraight,standtall”hasbecomenotonlyapieceofadvicetoimprovemyposture(身姿).ItalsotellsmetobeproudofwhoIam.AndIdo.1.Alisaoftenbentherbodybecause______.A.shelivedahardlifeB.shewasmuchtallerthanothergirlsC.shealwaysstoodatthebackofthelineD.shedidn'twanttoenterthe9thgrade2.WhatdidAlisa'sgrandfatherdowithhertrouble?A.Helaughedather.B.Heaskedhertobendherbody.C.Hetoldhertostandstraightandtall.D.Headvisedhertostayawayfromherfriends.3.Alisa'sgrandfather'sexperiencesA.madeherfeelunsafeB.taughthertoacceptherselfC.changedherattitude(态度)tohergrandfatherD.toldherhissuccesscompletelydependedonfriends4.“Standstraight,standtall”means_______inthepassage.A.makingyourselflooktall B.takingcareofyourselfC.beingproudofyourselfD.remindingyourself5.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Standstraight,standtallB.Mygrandfather'slifestoriesC.Mycolorfulexperiences D.Thehelpofafriend体裁：议论文话题：7．情感与情绪话题：8．人际交往词数：278【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过爷爷自身的经历认识到要增强自信，站直身子去做自己的事。【解析】1.B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Iwasmuchtallerthanothergirls,soIoftenbent(弯曲)mybodyatthebackoftheline.”可知。2.C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Instead,wheneverItriedtobendmyselfinordertoappearshorter,hewouldtellme,‘Standstraightandtall,Alisa.’”可知。3.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和第三段中最后一句可知，爷爷的鼓励使我勇于接受自我，拥有自信。4.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中最后一句“ItalsotellsmetobeproudofwhoIam.”要接受自我，为自己感到自豪。5.A主旨大意题。通览全文可知，“Standstraight,standtall”是全文的主题线索，故选A。BTherearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood,takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursareenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,overhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficsaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure(血压).Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas“lazy”.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep,theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpert(专家)insleep.Hesays,“Sleepislikeacredit(信用)card.Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard’.”Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid,“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”6.Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto_______.A.eathealthyfoodeverydayB.takeexerciseasmuchaspossibleC.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessaryD.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight7.Whatdoes“sleep-deprived”meaninParagraph2?A.Havingagoodsleep. B.Excitedaboutsleep.C.Havinglesssleep. D.Interestedinsleep.8.AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas,whatissleeplike?A.Anhour. B.Areport.C.Acreditcard. D.Apieceofpaper.9.WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagraph5?A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.C.Peoplehavenocourage.D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheValueofSleep. B.TheValueofStudyC.TheWaysofEatingLess. D.TheWaysofMakingMoney体裁：议论文话题：13.卫生与健康词数：370【解析】【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文，文中主要论述了睡眠对于健康和工作的重要性。6.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.”可知，作者认为最容易又最便宜的改善健康的方法是每天晚上睡八个小时或者更多。故选D。7.C词义猜测题。根据上一句中关键词“arenotsleepingenough”和下一句中“Havinglesssleep…”可知，本句指“根据世界健康组织，世界上超过一半的人可能睡眠不足。故选C。8.C细节理解题。根据第四段第三句中“Sleepislikeacredit(信用)card.”可知，他认为睡眠就像一张信用卡。故选C。9.B句意理解题。根据名言中最后一句“Youwillbeabletodomore.”可知，这段名言认为睡眠是有帮助的。故选B。10.A标题归纳题。阅读短文可知，本文主要论述了睡眠对于健康和工作的重要性，也就是睡眠的价值。故选A。CMarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn’tlookserioushisway.HarvardBusinessSchoolresearcher,FrancescaGino,hasadifferentidea.Whilemostpeopleseemtothinkthatdressingdifferentlyfromthosearoundyougenerallyhasabadinfluence,shebelievesitcanactuallyhaveapositive(积极的)effect.Andshe’sdoneexperimentstosupportheridea.Whenherresearcherswearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.Dopeoplealwaysviewlessformal(正式的)clothingmorepositively?ResearchersinFrancetooktheirresearchoutintothestreet,tothegeneralpublic.Thevideotheymadeshowsanactordressesinawell-cutsuitandshinyshoes.Whilewalkingalongtheroad,hebeginstocoughbadly,stopstocatchhisbreathandfallsdown..Beforeheevencallsforhelp,peoplerushtohelphim.Inanothervideo,theactorappearsatthesamecrowdedplaceandrepeatstheactionsinexactlythesameway.Butthistime,noonecomestohelp.What’sthedifference?He’swearinguntidyclothesandlookslikeahomelessperson.Inasituationlikethis,theclothesyou’rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Itseemsthatourclothingdoesn’tonlychangethewayothersviewus,butalsothewayweseeourselves.Inanexperimenttestingstudents’abilitytopayattentiontodetails(细节),thegroupwearingwhitelabcoatsdidthebest.Why?Researcherstoldthemthattheywerewearingthedoctor’scoats.Theexperimentdidn’tshowwhethersuchinfluenceswouldlastlong.Moreexperimentsareneededinthefuturebeforewedecidetomakethedoctor’scoatsamustoffashion.11.MarkZuckerbergisnotconsideredseriousbysomepeoplebecause______.A.Hedoesnotlistentoothers’advice. B.hesetsupanetworkofvideogames. C.hewearsjeansandaT-shirttowork D.heoftenplaysjokesatbusinessmeetings.12.WhichofthefollowingisGino’sopinionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Itisnecessarytobuyexpensiveclothes. B.Wearinglessformalclothesisinfactgood.C.Itisbadtodressdifferentlyfrompeoplearoundyou. D.Wearingsportsclothesmakesyoulooklessimportant.13.InParagraph3,thewriterproves(证明)his(her)opinionmainly_______.A.bygivingreasons B.byusingpicturesC.bycomparingfacts D.bylisteningnumbers14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Whatwewearmakesadifference.B.Formalclothingmakesawiseman..C.Ourvaluedependsonwhatwewear.D.Ourclothinginfluencesourcharacters.题材：议论文话题：1.家人与亲友话题：7情感词数：346【主旨大意】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了扎克伯格穿着一件牛仔与T裇衫，引起了很多人的关注，有人说这不是在正规场合穿地。然后，哈佛大学一教授认为他有一定的积极意义，研究表明，服装对人很重要。研究同时表明，医生的服装最吸引人。11.C细节理解题。从第一段的第一句“oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork”可知，因为他穿着不得体，所以很多人认为他不严肃。故选C。12.B推理判断题。从第二段的“believesitcanactuallyhaveapositiveeffect.“可知，她相信好的穿着会有一个积极的影响，故选B。13.C文章例证题。本文通过作对较的方式，说明了一个穿着良好的演员与一个衣衫褴褛的演员的在大街上的不同境寓，。故选C。14.A主旨大意题。根据文章第三段的最后一句，“theclothesyou’rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.“可知，我们所穿的不一样，产生的后果也不一样。故选A。DInthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutis,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof（社会认同感）thatworks.ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines（A,B,C）.Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects（实验对象）.Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagewerehunting（打猎）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhavefun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiesothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".15.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby______.A.tellingastory B.givingexamplesC.answeringquestionsD.showingamap16.AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows______.A.followingothersisalwaysrightB.socialproofmaychangepeople'sideasC.it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperimentD.peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone17.Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraph4refersto______.A.runningwithothers B.huntingwithfriendsC.copyingothers'action D.doingsomethingdifferent18.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer（推断）that______.A.it'simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafeD.weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers体裁议论文话题社会现象词数268【主旨大意】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了什么是社会认同感及其产生的原因。15.B推理判断题。第一段举了公园仰望天空和音乐会鼓掌两个例子，以此引出文章主题。故选B。16.B推理判断题。根据第三段Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.及NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.可知，一个人时，给出正确答案是B，当五个人在一起时，给出答案是C，从而说明，社会认同感会改变一个人的想法。故选B。17.C词义猜测题。根据上句Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiesothers'action.可推知，它（复制他人的行为）深深地植根于我们的心中。故选C。18.D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".可推知，跟随别人时要三思而后行。故选D。EManypeoplemightthinkthatiftheyhadmoremoney,thentheywouldbehappierinlife.Forexample,peoplemightlookatwhatothershave,likeexpensiveclothesornicecars,andwishtheycouldhavethesame.Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.①Butisthatreallytrue?Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.②Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy.③Itcouldbebuyingapresentforafriendorafamilymember.④Itcouldbebuyingahomelesspersonfoodtoeat.Itcouldbegivingmoneytoapersoninneed.Justthinkaboutthelasttimeyouusedyourownmoneytodosomethingforsomeoneelse.Howdidyoufeel?Whetheritisasmalllargeamountofmoney,peoplefeelhappierwhentheygive.Thisisbecausemakingsomeoneelsehappymakesthegiverhappy,too.ThisideaofconnectingyourhappinesstothehappinessofothersisdescribedasubuntuinanAfricanlanguage.ThereisevenastoryaboutamanvisitingAfricawhoaskedsomekidstoracetoanearbytree.Thefirstchildtotouchthetreewouldgetasweettreat.Surprisingly,allthechildrenheldhandsandrantogether.Theyalltouchedthetreeatthesametime.Themanaskedwhytheyhaddonethis.Thechildrensimplysaidtheycouldonlyenjoyeatingthetreatifeveryonehadone.19.Thewritersaysthatbuyingthings______.A.canmakepeopleworried B.canmakepeoplenervousC.mayleadtosadnessforlong D.mayleadtohappinessforashorttime20.Wherecanwebestput“Butit’snothavingmoneythatbringshappiness.”inParagraph2?A.①B.②C.③D.④21.Whydoesthewriterquote(引用)astoryinParagraph3?A.ToexplainAfricanslikesweets.B.Toshowexamplesarenotenough.C.Tomakethewriter’sopinionclearer.D.Toexpresshappinessisfromchildren.22.Whatdoesthewritertrytotellus?A.Buyingnewthingscanmakepeoplehappy.B.Thekeytohappinessismakingothershappy.C.Ifyouwanttobehappy,youcanvisitAfrica.D.Peoplewhohavealotofmoneymightnotbehappy.体裁：议论文话题：2.家庭、朋友与周围的人话题：7.情绪与情感话题：8.人际交往话题：25.志愿者服务与社会服务词数258【解析】【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了“钱怎样才能给人带来快乐”的问题。用钱能买到的东西只能给人带来短时的快乐，而帮助他人才能让人得到真正的快乐。快乐的钥匙就是让别人快乐。19.D细节理解题。由第1段最后1句Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.可知，用钱能够买到的东西只能给人带来短时的快乐。故选D。20.B推理判断题。分析第2段的句子结构可知，①后面的Butisthatreallytrue?其实是一个承上启下的句子，即对第1段中的Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.表示怀疑，故①处不应该再使用任何句子进行过渡，可排除；②后面的句子Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy.表示所描述的情况正好与第1段的结论相反，故②处应用表转折关系的句子与前句Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.衔接，所以②处适合放置本句；③、④后面的句子都是对it’sgivingmoneytoothersthatmakespeoplehappy进行的进一步阐述，前后不具有转折关系，可排除。故选B。21.C推理判断题。由第2段内容可知，作者对拿钱买快乐的现象进行了剖析，并认为用钱来帮助他人才是真正获得快乐的根本，并用孩子们比赛爬树的事例来进一步论证该论点，所以第3段的故事能使文章的主题更为清晰。故选C。22.B推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过探讨“钱怎样才能给人带来快乐”的问题，从而得出“快乐的钥匙就是让别人快乐”这一主题。故选B。F“MadeinChina”ishavingitsmomentnow—andit’safashionableone.ThestoryofChinesefashionbeganin2011whenFeiyueandHuili,bothChinesesportsshoebrands(品牌),suddenlygotinternationalattention.Theirproductswereseenallovertheworld.ChinesesportswearbrandLiNingwasattheNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptember,2018.Theyshowedtheirnewdesigns—sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters.ShaunRein,managingdirectorofChinaMarketResearchGroup,saidthatthelatestChinesebrandsnolongercatchcustomers’eyebylowprice.HetoldCNN,“Theyaresurethattheycangoheadtoheadwithforeignbrands.”MaybeitisbecauseChina’syoungpeoplearenowmoreconfidentabouttheirownculture.Theydon’tshowimmediateinterestinwesterncultureanymore.“Today’syoungpeopleinChinaarecrazyaboutChineseculturalelements(元素),”JinQu,themanagerofaclothingshoppingwebsite,saidataculturalfestivalin2018.“Theyliketheseelementsprintedontheirclothes,eventhebrandpictureofLaoganmainChina,whichwasonceseenasoutsideoffashion.ButnowyoungpeopleareproudoftheseChinesesymbols.”Infact,manystarsintheWestarenowinterestedinChineseculturalelementsinfashion.Rihanna,aUSsinger,forexample,woreaChinesereddresstothe2015MetGalainNewYork.ThedresswasdesignedandmadebyChinesedesignerGuoPei.“Wehavetomovefrommakingtocreating,”Chinese-AmericandesignerAricChenoncetoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Wewanttoreplacethewords‘MadeinChina’with‘DesignedinChina’.”23.ThenewdesignsofLiNingCompanyinSeptember,2018were________.A.coatsandscarvesinChineseredB.sweatersandjacketswithEnglishwordsC.coatsandscarveswithAmericansymbolsD.sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters24.Theunderlinedword“They”inParagraph5refersto________.A.today’syoungpeopleinChinaB.theworkersinJinQu’sshopC.somefamousstarsintheWestD.DirectorsofsomeChinesecompanies25.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChineseClothesBrandsB.SportsinChinaC.ChineseCulturalFestivalD.DesignedinChina26.Thepassageabovemaybetakenfroma(n)________.A.newspaperB.guidebookC.novelD.ad体裁：议论文话题：22.发明与技术话题：29.社会热点词数276【主旨大意】本文是议论文。介绍了走出国门，走向世界的中国品牌正由“中国制造”转变为“中国创造”，极大地提高了我国的科技含量与我们的民族自豪感。23.D细节理解题。由第二段的最后两句Theirproductswereseenallovertheworld.ChinesesportswearbrandLiNingwasattheNewYorkFashionWeekinSeptember,2018.Theyshowedtheirnewdesigns—sweatersandjacketswithChinesecharacters.可知，李宁公司2018年9月的新设计是：带有汉字的毛衣和夹克。故选D。24.A词义猜测题。根据第五段的第一句“Today’syoungpeopleinChinaarecrazyaboutChineseculturalelements(元素),”JinQu,themanagerofaclothingshoppingwebsite,saidataculturalfestivalin2018.可知，此处划线部分的单词they代指前句的“today’syoungpeopleinChina”。故选A。25.D最佳标题题。根据短文的最后一段“Wehavetomovefrommakingtocreating,”Chinese-AmericandesignerAricChenoncetoldTheNewYorkTimes.“Wewanttoreplacethewords‘MadeinChina’with‘DesignedinChina’.”可知答案。故选D。26.A文章出处题。本文主要介绍了“中国制造”正向“中国创造”转变，这种新观察、新观点多见于报纸，而非小说、广告或旅游指南册中。故选A。GTextingwhiledrivingisagainstthelawin47states.Butwhatabouttextingwhilewalking?A2018studyreportedthatmorethan2,500peopleintheUSendedupinhospitalsresultingfromusingamobiledevice(设备)whilewalking.Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(违法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.Itisthefirststatewithalawlikethis.Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.RenaJose,26,NewYorkWhichismoreimportant,textingorsafety?Ifyouarelookingatyourphonewhilewalking,youmightnotseeacarcomeortrafficlightsturnred.Itcanbeverydangerous.Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole,becausebothhadtheirmindontheirphone.Weshouldmaketextingwhilecrossingthestreetillegalinmorecities.AndySelvam,55,CaliforniaPeopledomanythingsthatcauseinjurytothemselvesbutarenotillegal,suchasclimbingmountains,drivingcars,swimmingandsoon.Peoplemightgethurtfromtextingandwalkingifthey’renotpayingattention.ButIstillthinktheyshouldhaveachoice.BobMadigan,45,OregonAshumans,wecanmakeourowndecisions.I’mnotsayingit’ssafe,butwedon’tneedthegovernmenttobabysitus.Ifwewanttolearntomakesmartdecisions,thegovernmentneedstostoptellinguswhattodo.Afterall,thisisafreecountry.AndrewBlack,34,AlaskaThislawisagoodidea—comparethisprotectionwithseatbelts.IfthislawispassedallovertheUSA,peoplewillbeworried.Butistherereallyawaytopleaseeveryone?Thiswouldnotbeforfun.ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.27.Accordingtothepassage,in________,itisagainstthelawifpeopletextwhilecrossingthestreet.A.AlaskaB.CaliforniaC.HawaiiD.NewYork28.TheLATimesdidthesurveymostprobablyto________.A.wintheheartsofmorereadersB.encouragemorestatestopassthelawC.askreadersiftheyagreewithtextingwhiledrivingD.learnaboutpeople’sopinionsontextingwhilewalking29.InRena’sreply,sheshowedthedangeroftextingwhilewalkingby________.A.usingnumbersB.givingexamplesC.askingquestionsD.tellingstories30.WhichofthefollowingisAndrewBlack’sopinion?A.Textingismoreimportantthansafety.B.ThelawwouldhelptokeepAmericanssafe.C.It’seasytopleaseeveryonewhenpassingalaw.D.Whethertotextornotwhilewalkingispeople’sownchoice.体裁：议论文话题：2.其他人话题：6.个人兴趣话题：8.人际交往话题：14.安全与救护话题：18.使用互联网话题：29.社会热点词数330【主旨大意】本文是议论文。主要介绍了美国的大部分州已经通过法律驾驶时发短信是违法的，而夏威夷又是第一个通过法律明确人在走路时收发短信也是违法的。本文是《洛杉矶时报》针对“人在走路时收发短信是否违法”的调查所收到的几篇回复。27.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(违法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.可知答案。故选C。28.D细节理解题。根据第二段的最后三句话Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.可知答案。故选D。29.B细节理解题。根据第一个回复的中间一句Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole,可知：在瑞纳的回复中，她通过列举了两个日本人因在走路时收发短信而受到伤害一事，表明了在行走时发短信的危险。故选B。30.B主旨大意题。根据最后一个回复的最后一句ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.可知：AndrewBlack的观点是：法律将有助于保护美国人的安全。故选C。HBrookewantedadollhouseandsomesugarcookies.Sothe6-year-oldaskedAlexatogetthem.Alexawasn’thermomorbabysitter.Itwasavoice-activatedhomeassistantpoweredbyAI(人工智能).AnditmadeBrooke’swishescometrue.Afewdayslater,muchtoherparents’surprise,a$170dollhouseandfourpoundsofcookiesshowedup.Theyatethecookiesandgaveawaythedollhousetoalocalhospital.Andthat’snottheendofthestory.WhenanewsreportertoldthestoryofwhathappenedonTV.Alexadevices(设备)inmanylistenershomeswokeupandtriedtoorderdollhouses!Alexaisn’ttheonlyAIwillingtoserveyou.AppleHomepodhasSiri,GoogleHomehasitsAssistant,andtheupcomingGalaxyHomedevicewillhaveBixby.Peoplewhohavethesedevicesusethemmainlyforlisteningtomusic,checkingtheweather,andsettingtimers.AccordingtoareportfromTheInformation,nowadaysvoiceshoppingisrare.Butmanyscientistspredictaboom(增长)invoiceshoppinginthenearfuture.Isthatagoodthing?.Youcanshoutoutanorderassoonasyouthinkofit,evenifyouarecooking,cleaning,ordriving.Inaddition,peoplewithdisabilitieswhoareunabletouseakeyboardormousecanshopwithoutanyhelp.Butvoiceshoppinghasitsdisadvantages.Unwanteddollhousesaren’tthebiggestproblem.It’susuallyveryeasytocancelanorderorreturnproducts.Thethingthatworriessomepeopleisthattheseassistantsarealwayslistening.Theyhavetobeabletorespondwhenyouwantthem.Sotheylistenfor“Alexa”or“OKGoogle”oranotherorder.Whentheyhearit,theystartrecordingtheconversation.Somehaveworriedaboutwhathappensshoppinghabits?Andwhatifsomeonehacks(入侵)thedevice?TheCIAfoundawaytohacksmartTVstoturnthemintospiesthatlistenallthetime.Otherscoulddothesamewithanysmartdevice.Whatdoyouthink?Areyoureadytostartvoiceshopping?31.Fromthepassage,weknowthatAlexa____________. A.canlookafterthebaby B.cancookdeliciousfood C.isatoydollsoldonline D.isonekindofAIdevice32.Theunderlinedword“rare”inParagraph2probablymeans__________. A.unusual B.expensive C.harmful D.impossible33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttofillinthe“”inParagraph3? A.Convenienceisthemainadvantageofvoiceshopping B.Thecostofvoiceshoppingislowerthanotherways C.Thepopularityofvoiceshoppingisincreasing D.Thetechnologyofvoiceshoppingneedsimproving34.Paragraph4mainlytellsusthat________whenpeopletryvoiceshopping. A.AIsometimesforgetspeople’sorders B.personalinformationmightbehacked C.it’sdifficulttocancelorreturnproducts D.theneedsforproductscan’tbesatisfied体裁：议论文话题：22.科普知识与现代技术话题：(77)科普知识话题：(79)信息技术词数：355【主旨大意】这是一篇议论文。通过布鲁克想买一间玩具屋和一些甜点，通过人工智能语音激活的家庭助手完成的。引出了人们对声控购物的各种考虑和猜想，既提到人工智能购物的有利因素，也谈到其不利方面。【解析】31.D细节理解题。结合文章第一段，根据“Alexawasn’thermomorbabysitter”，可排除选项A；Alexa帮助实现了Brooke的希望,玩具厘和饼干出现(showup)，但不一定是Alexa制作的，可排除选项B；根据“Itwasavoice-activatedhomeassistantpoweredbyAI”可知Alexa是一种AI设备。故选D。32.A词义猜测题。根据下句“Butmanyscientistspredictaboom(增长)invoiceshoppinginthenearfuture.”可知科学家预测这种声控购物方式将来会增加更多，可以推测出,目前这种购物方式是很罕见的。故选A。33.A推理判断题。根据第三段“Youcanshoutoutanorderassoonasyouthinkofit,evenifyouarecooking…”可知第三段主要讲述语音购物的便利性。故选A。34.B主旨大意题。根据第四段“…theseassistantsarealwayslistening.Theyhavetobeabletorespondwhenyouwantthem.”不存在AI有时候忘记人们命令的情况，可排除A；根据第四段“It’susuallyveryeasytocancelanorderorreturnproducts.”可排除C；根据第四段“Thethingthatworriessomepeopleisthattheseassistantsarealwayslistening.”可知，很多人都担心声控购物时，个人信息会被窃取。故选B。I(2019重庆A卷)Imagineaworldwithnomorewildanimals:noelephants,notigersorlions.Tosomepeople,thatthoughtistooterribleforwords.Sotheyaredoingsomethingaboutit.TiffanySoechtingisoneofthem.Beingamongwildanimals——feedingthemandcaringforthem——isallTiffanySoechtinghaswantedtodowithherlife.Andthatisexactlywhatshedoes!Soechtingisthehuman"mother"tothe500animalsthatliveonherfamilywildlifefarminSanAntonio.Onthefarm,shecaresforanimalsfromaroundtheworld.Soechtingsayssheknowsthemall.However,tworeticulated(网纹长颈鹿)takeupaspecialplaceinherheart.Theirpopulationinthewildhasbecomesmallerby80%inthelast15years.“I’msogladtogethelpfromfivewildliferesearchersthattookgiraffeuptoahigherlevel.Allourhardworkhelpsprotectgiraffeslivinginthewild.”Besidesheranimalcaring,Soechtingalsoholdsmonthlyclass,wheresheteachesschoolchildrenabouttheanimals.Soechtingalsoopensthefarmtothepublic.Visitorsnotonlylearnabouttheanimals;theycanalsogetclosetothem.Andtheanimalsarenotagainstthat.Forthem,peoplearepartoftheirnaturalenvironment.Thefarmispartconserva