天津专版高考英语二轮复习专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练4时文报道讲义

题组4时文报道专题三阅读理解第三节题组训练A(2017·天津一中4月考)Rome，ParisandNewYorkaretheworld’stopfashioncities，allofwhichhaveproducedsomeofthetoptrends，fromfashionableskirtstothehottestnewshoes.Buthaveyoueverwonderedaboutthenegativeideasthattheyhaveenforced?InApril2016，theAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(ASA)inBritainbannedanadfromGuccithatfeaturedmodelsdancingaroundandhavingfun，becausetheywereallextremelyskinny.Banningadsduetothemodels’extremefiguresisn’tnew.TheASAbannedanadin2015forthesamereason.InFrance，ithasbeenruledthatmodelsaretoprovideadoctor’snoteprovingthattheyareatahealthyweight.Sowhatisthehealthyweightformodels？Twentyyearsago，theaveragefashionmodelweighed8%lessthantheaveragewoman.Today，theyweigh23%less.Peoplemaythinkthatbeingatanunhealthyweightwillhelpthemgainthebenefitsthatthemodelsdo.Thisprovidesastandardforbeauty，andthereforepeoplewhowanttoachievethosethingsmayattempttoobtainthemthroughunhealthyways.Peoplemaythinktheyareoverweight，duetotheimagesofmodels’thinfigures.Theyseesomethingwrongwiththeirbodies，

whethertheyareoverweightornot.Thisisakeyfactorinaloweredbodyimage，lowself-esteem，depressionandpossiblyeveneatingdisorders.I’mnotblamingthefashionindustrybyanymeans.It’snottheirfaultthatmanypeoplelookuptothemodelsandexpecttolivealifeliketheirs.IamgladthatASAisraisingitsvoiceswhendiscussingthegrowingissueofbodyimagesinthefashionindustry.Bybanningthephotosandvideos，speakingoutagainstthemandpushingfordoctors’notesfromthemodels，it’spushingfortheideathatthetraditionalfashionindustry’sbodyimagedemandsshouldbechangedandsomethingmoreneedstobequestioned.语篇解读模特极瘦的形象带来了很多负面影响，英国广告标准局禁播了一条Gucci的时装广告，希望由此能树立模特身体形象新标准。1.OneofGucci’sadswasbannedmainlybecause

.A.itsmodelsaremuchtoothinB.noneofitsmodelshadadoctor’snoteC.modelsdidn’tactaccordingtotherulesD.itsmodelsweredancinginanunhealthyway解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“InApril2016，theAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(ASA)inBritainbanned...，becausetheywereallextremelyskinny.”可知，2016年4月，英国广告标准局(ASA)因模特太瘦从而禁播了一条

Gucci的时装广告，故选A。√答案解析23145解析推理判断题。根据第三段提供的数字分析可知，与二十年前时装模特的平均体重相比，今天她们的平均体重变得更轻了，从而说明了：随着时间的推移，模特们变得越来越瘦了，故选C。2.ThenumbersmentionedinParagraph3showthat

.A.peopledon’tknowwhymodelsweighlessB.manywomenareonadiettobecomemodelsC.modelsarebecomingthinnerwithtimegoingbyD.thehealthyweightformodelshasn’tbeendecided√答案解析214533.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlyshow?A.Thenegativeeffectsofmodels’images.B.People’sattitudetowardsmodels’images.C.Thebenefitsofbecomingthinfigures.D.Thechangesinthestandardofbeauty.√答案解析21453解析段落大意题。文中第四段主要讲述了模特极瘦的形象对人们造成的一些不好的影响，如一些人可能会认为不健康的体重会帮助他们获取模特们所获得的一些利益。由于人们将模特不健康的体重作为审美的标准，所以不管自己是否超重，他们总觉得自己的身体有问题，因此，这就使得他们损毁了身体形象，变得缺少自尊心，得了抑郁症，甚至可能造成饮食失调，故选A。214534.ThepossiblepurposeoftheASA’smeasuresisto

.A.changethefortunemodelsarefacedwithB.setupnewstandardsofmodels’bodyimagesC.criticizethetraditionalstandardsformodelsD.encouragemorepeopletolivealifelikemodels解析推理判断题。根据第四段讲到了模特极瘦的形象所带来的负面影响可知，英国广告标准局(ASA)采取措施的可能目的是：改变模特极瘦的身体形象，即树立模特身体形象新标准，故选B。√答案解析214535.Whatistheauthor’stoneofwritingthispassage?A.Critical. B.Humorous.C.Objective. D.Hopeful.解析观点态度题。通读全文以及根据最后一段中的“I’mnotblamingthefashionindustrybyanymeans.(我并不是在指责时装界。)”可知，作者报道的是实际存在的现象，故作者是以客观的口吻来撰写这篇文章的，故选C。√答案解析21453B(2017·五校联考二模)KhanLabSchoolinSiliconValleyisbringingbacktheone-roommodeltoteachyoungstudentsinMountainView，California.Theschoolisalaboratoryforanexperimentalkindoflearning.Studentsaged5to15attendtheexperimentalKhanLabSchool.Ithasnogradelevelsandnohomework.Thestudentsareinschoolfrom8：30inthemorninguntilsixo’clockatnight.Andtheschoolisopenallyearlongwithsmallbreakshereandthere.TheschoolistheideaofSalmanKhan，thefounderofKhanAcademy—famousforitsonlineeducationalvideosfreeofcharge.KhansaidhestartedKhanLabSchoolbecausehethinksthecurrenteducationsystemhasproblems.Hehopestocreateabetterlearningmodel.Hesaidthissystemletstheolderstudentstakeresponsibilityandhelpyoungerstudents.Thatmeanstheyoungerchildrengetalotofhelp.Theygetthehelpoftheteachersandtheolderstudents.Meanwhile，studentsalsolearnthestudymaterialsattheirownspeedthroughvideos.Andtheygetmoreattentionthroughone-on-onediscussionswithteachers.Theyalsolearnbydoingprojects.Theschool’sdirector，DominicLiechti，saidthiswayoflearningbetterpreparesstudentsforthefuture.Hesaidthedutiesofateacherneedtochangefromleadingtheclasstobeingsomeonewhoguidesstudentsintheirlearning，andprovidesindividualsupport.Ateacherisalsoalife-longlearner，hesaid，notjustsomeonewhogivespresentations.Twelve-year-oldgirl，Mishal

Junaid，expressedherexperience：“WhenIwakeupinthemorning，Iwanttowakeup，unlikemylastschoolwhereIwanttosleepandnotgotoschool...”语篇解读本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。主要讲了当国内创业者都争相通过互联网解决教育行业存在的问题时，硅谷的先驱者们却开始办起了线下学校。解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Hehopestocreateabetterlearningmodel.”可知，Khan希望创造一个更好的学习模式，故选B。6.WhydidSalmanKhansetuptheschool?A.TointroduceMountainView.B.Tocreateabetterlearningmodel.C.Toreformcurrenteducationsystem.D.Toapplyhisonlineeducationalvideos.√答案解析7869107.What’stheuniquefeatureofLabSchool?A.Itpreparesstudentsfortheirfuture.B.Studentsperformbetterinthetests.C.Studentsdon’tbelongtoacertaingrade.D.Itcallsonteacherstocaremoreaboutstudents.解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Ithasnogradelevelsandnohomework.”可知，这个学校没有分年级，也没有作业，故选C。√答案解析786910解析细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Meanwhile，studentsalsolearnthestudymaterialsattheirownspeedthroughvideos.”可知，学生按照自己的速度通过录像学习，故选D。8.InLabSchool，weknowstudentscan

.A.giveadvicetoolderstudentsB.discusswiththeteachersatanytimeC.teachthemselveswhattheylikeD.learnaccordingtotheirowncase√答案解析7869109.Whatdoweknowabouttheteachersinthisschool?A.Theyprovidesupportprivately.B.Theyneedtolearnconstantly.C.Theyshouldn’tgivepresentations.D.Theyneedtobetrainedasguides.解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Ateacherisalsoalife-longlearner，hesaid，notjustsomeonewhogivespresentations.”可知，老师是一个终身学习者，不仅仅是给学生呈现知识，故选B。√答案解析78691010.Whatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentencefromthelastparagraph?A.Thegirlhasgrownup.B.Thegirloftenmissesclasses.C.Theschoolisappealingtothegirl.D.Theschoollooksdifferentfromothers.解析句意猜测题。根据画线句子可知，女孩愿意早起去上学，而不是像在原来的学校一样不愿意醒来，不愿意去上学，也就是说这个新学校对她有吸引力，故选C。√答案解析786910C(2017·天津十二所重点中学联考)Greatwhitesharks，theworld’slargestpredatory(食肉的)fish，eatthreetofourtimesmorefoodthanpreviouslythought，anAustralianstudyshows.TheU.S.researchfromthe1980sestimatedamealof30kilogramscouldmakeaone-tonsharkcontinuelivingformorethansixweeks.Thatmadeassumptionsthatlargesharkscouldsurvivelongperiodswithouteating.However，aUniversityofTasmania-ledstudypublishedthisweekinScientific

Reportsfoundthat30kgwasonlyenoughfor12～15days.Researcherstagged(给……附上标签)adozengreatwhitesharksatNeptuneIslandsoffSouthAustraliaandcalculatedtheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)ratebasedonswimmingspeeds.Theyworkedouthowmuchenergythesharksburnedandhowmuchfoodtheyrequired.

“Theirmetabolicrateisfasterthanweassumed.”Jayson

Semmenswastheleadauthoronthestudy.Hesaid，“They(U.S.researchers)pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhardatthetimewhentheydidit.Atthetimeitwasanewstudy.Theydidsomemetabolicworksimilartowhatwedidbutononeshark.”“Thewhitesharks，whichwetagged，areworkingprettyhard.They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals，”

hesaid.“Theirmetabolicrateismuchfasterthanwhatwehadassumed.Theseanimalsareprobablygoingtobefeedingeveryday，ratherthanseveralweeks.”Theresearchalsosoughttoimproveunderstandingofhowsharksfitintotheoceanecosystem.“Wedon’thaveagoodhandleonthepopulationsizesofwhitesharks.Weknowthatsharksingeneralareunderpressurearoundtheworldfromoverfishing，”

Semmens

said.“Furthermore，they’relong-lived.Theyreproducelateintheirlifeandtheyproduceasmallnumberofbabies.”Semmenssaidtheeffectsofremovingwhitesharksfromtheoceanwerethusfarmoreimportantthanrealized.“They’rekeepingundercontrolalotmoreanimalsthanwethought，”

hesaid.语篇解读大白鲨是世界上最大的食肉性鱼类。本文介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。解析细节理解题。由第三段“Thatmadeassumptionsthatlargesharkscouldsurvivelongperiodswithouteating.”可知答案为D。11.TheU.S.researchmadepeoplebelievethat

.A.largesharkscouldlivewithouteatingmeatB.sharksgainedseveralkilogramsinsixweeksC.aone-tonsharkneededtoeat30kgeverymealD.largesharkscouldlivewithouteatingforseveralweeks√答案解析121311141512.WhatisSemmens’attitudetowardsU.S.researchers’job?A.Uninterested. B.Surprised.C.Objective. D.Satisfied.解析观点态度题。由第七段中Semmens所说的话“They(U.S.researchers)pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhardatthetimewhentheydidit.Atthetimeitwasanewstudy.Theydidsomemetabolicworksimilartowhatwedidbutononeshark.”可推知他对美国研究者所做的工作持客观态度，故选C。√答案解析121311141513.Thesharks’metabolicratecalculatedbythetworesearchgroupsisdifferentprobablybecause

.A.theyuseddifferentresearchmethodsB.theystudiedsharksofdifferentsizesC.thesharkstheyusedforresearchwereofdifferentspeciesD.thesharkstheyusedforresearchswamatdifferentspeeds√答案解析1213111415解析推理判断题。由第五段中的“calculatedtheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)ratebasedonswimmingspeeds”及第七段中的“pickedasharkthatprobablywasn’tworkingveryhard”和倒数第四段中的“‘Thewhitesharks，whichwetagged，areworkingprettyhard.They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals，’

hesaid.”可推知答案为D。1213111415解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“they’relong-lived”及“theyproduceasmallnumberofbabies”可排除B、D两项，由倒数第四段中的“They’recominguptosomeprettyhighspeedtocatchtheseals”可排除C项。由最后三段讲述大白鲨对海洋生态系统的影响可知A项正确。14.Whatdoyouknowaboutwhitesharks?A.Theyplayanimportantroleinoceanecosystem.B.Theycanproducealargenumberofbabies.C.Theyswimmoreslowlythanseals.D.Theyliveashortlife.√答案解析121311141515.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto

.A.inform

B.persuadeC.describe

D.entertain解析写作意图题。本文为说明文，介绍了一项关于大白鲨的最新研究。故答案为A。√答案解析1213111415D(2017·天津十二区县二模)ThenewstudyshowsthatwespendmoretimeusingthemobileInternetthanreadingnewspapersormagazines.AccordingtotheEuropeanInteractiveAdvertisingAssociation(EIAA)，theaverageEuropeanspends4.8hoursreadingnewspapersandmagazinesbut1.6hoursmoreusingthemobileInternetaweek.TheEIAAquestioned15,000peoplein15Europeancountries，lookingathowpeopleareusingtheInternetanditsinfluenceontheireverydaylives.IthasfoundthatthemobileInternetisincreasinglyfindingitswayintothepublicawareness.Over71millionEuropeansnowhaveInternetaccessontheirmobilephones.IntheUK,10millionpeoplenowaccesstheInternetthroughtheirmobilephonesandspend6.3hoursdoingsoinaweek.UnsurprisinglyyoungergenerationsintheUKareleadingtheway，withnearlyhalfofthecountry’s16-to-24-year-oldsandaquarterof25-to-34-year-oldsusingthemobileInternet，spending6.5and6.2hoursonlineeachweek.EntertainmentplaysamajorroleinourmobileInternetlives，withoneinfiveBritishpeopleusingtheirphonesforonlinegames，athirdlisteningtotheonlineradioand39percentwatchingfilms，TVorothervideosatleastonceaweek.OnethirdofthoseusinganInternetphonesaidtheyreceivedvideos，imagesorothermultimediaontheirmobile，and61percentsaidtheypassedoncontentstheyreceived.Fromacommunicationpointofview,80percentofthosequestionedagreedthattheInternethadmadeiteasierforthemtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamily.AlisonFennah，directoroftheEIAA，saidthemobileInternetusehadcometothepointthatmarketersshouldbelookingtodevelopstrategiesthatconnectwithconsumersmoreeffectively.“Betterdevicesaswellasimprovedconsumermotivationthatstartcomingtogetherin2011canmakeagreatdifferencetoextendingtheonlineexperience，”

Fennahsaid.语篇解读本文主要讲的是一项研究表明人们现在在移动互联网上花的时间比在阅读报纸和杂志上花的时间多，另外该研究还调查了互联网对他们日常生活的影响。解析数字计算题。根据第一段中的“...theaverageEuropeanspends4.8hoursreadingnewspapersandmagazinesbut1.6hoursmoreusingthemobileInternetaweek.”可知，欧洲人每周平均花费4.8小时读报和看杂志，但是多花1.6小时使用移动互联网，4.8＋1.6＝6.4，故选B。16.HowlongdoesaEuropeanspendonthemobileInternetperweekaccordingtotheEIAA?A.6.2hours. B.6.4hours.C.4.8hours. D.1.6hours.√答案解析171816192017.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“doingso”inParagraph2