中考英语总复习语法知识第10节动词的语态课件

中考语法知识第十节动词的语态广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年一般现在时的被动语态————一般过去时的被动语态※wereinvented※wereinvited※wereasked※wereinvited广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年一般将来时的被动语态————含情态动词的被动语态————广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)命题趋向被动语态的考查范围主要是初中阶段学过的三种被动语态的正确使用(即一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时)。但实际上，在过去的四年均考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。请特别注意掌握被动语态在具体语境中的正确使用，加强针对性训练。中考说明从近4年的广东中考的考查情况来看，被动语态是必考点，每年均考查1题。2024年备考时要熟练掌握考纲要求掌握的三种被动语态的构成和用法。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，

即行为动作的对象。值得注意的是，只有及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词是没有被动语态的。考点一：被动语态的构成与用法一、被动语态的构成类型构成例句一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are＋doneThetreesareplantedbythestudentseveryyear.一般过去时的被动语态was/were＋doneThetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear.类型构成例句一般将来时的被动语态willbe＋doneThetreeswillbeplantedbythestudentsnextyear.现在完成时的被动语态*has/havebeen＋doneThetreeshavebeenplantedbythestudents.类型构成例句现在进行时的被动语态*am/is/are＋beingdoneThetreesarebeingplantedbythestudents.含有情态动词的被动语态*情态动词＋be＋doneThetreesshouldbeplantedbythestudents.类型构成例句使役动词的被动语态(通常考查make)*sb.bemadetodoThestudentsaremadetoplantthetrees.感官动词的被动语态(通常考查see,hear等)*sb.beseen/heardtodoThestudentsareseentoplantthetrees.(注：带有*的内容，不属于最新“课标”的要求，供学有余力的考生参考使用)二、被动语态的用法序号用法例句1当不知道动作的执行者是谁时Thetreeswereplantedmanyyearsago.2在没必要或不想指出动作的执行者是谁时Lotsoffoodwassenttodifferentareasjustnow.3当强调或突出动作的承受者时Anotherbridgewillbebuiltnextyear.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023陕西A卷，10)Becauseofthis，youwouldsometimesgetmadandmakeloudnoises.NowIknowyourfeelingsandI________byyourbook.I’mgoingtowritetoyouinafewdaystotellyoumore.A．amencouraged B．willbeencouragedC．encourage D．willencourageA

(

)2．(2023扬州，12)Sandturnstoglasswhenit______bylightning.A．hits B．ishitC．ishitting D．willbehit(

)3．(2023河北，10)Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．providedC．isprovided D．wasprovidedB

C

(

)4．Thereceptionisttoldmethatfreeparking________tothehotelguests.A．offers B．offered C．willbeoffered D．wasoffered(

)5．ThetimetoleaveforHainan________nextFriday.A．isdecided B．wasdecidedC．willbedecided D．hasbeendecidedD

C

考点二：主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况主动语态变被动语态的方法例句带双宾语的句子通常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，

直接宾语仍保留在原位Mymothergavemeahat.→Iwasgivenahat(bymymother).把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，

则要在间接宾语前加介词Mymothergavemeahatyesterday.→Ahatwasgiventome(bymymother)yesterday.主动语态变被动语态的方法例句某些不带to的不定式某些动词，

如make,see,hear,watch,notice等后常跟不带to的不定式，

变被动语态时要加toHemakesmedothisorthat.→Iammadetodothisorthat.“不及物动词＋介词或副词”的动词短语这类动词短语变为被动语态时，

其中的介词或副词不能少Mymotherlooksafterusverywell.→Wearelookedafterverywell(bymymother).主动语态变被动语态的方法例句常用主动表被动的动词write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词，

且主语为物时，

可用主动语态表示被动含义Thisbooksellswell.某些系动词，

如feel,look,sound,smell,taste等，

可用主动语态表示被动含义Theflowerlooksnice.主动语态变被动语态的方法例句常用主动表被动的动词表示“需要”的动词(want,need,require)后接动名词时表示被动含义Theroomneedscleaning.在beworthdoing中，doing表示被动含义Thishouseisworthbuying.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023鄂州，6)—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish，too.A．speak B．isspokenC．isspeaking D．speaksB

(

)2．(2023安徽，5)Computershaveagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey__________intoschools.A．introduce B．introducedC．areintroduced D．wereintroduced(

)3．Itwassaidthatthebabycould______byLinFeng.A．betakengoodcareof B．betakengoodcareC．takegoodcareof D．takegoodcareD

A

(

)4．—Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!—Wow!It_______delicious.Youarereallygoodatcooking.A．sells B．soundsC．tastes D．feels(

)5．Theskirt________softasifitismadeofsilk.A．sounds B．tastesC．feels D．smellsC

C

一、单项选择(

)1．Withtherapidprogressinhightechnology,6G________aroundmostpartsofChinainthenearfuture.A．isused B．isusingC．willuse D．willbeusedD

(

)2．—Youlooksohappytoday!—Mysuggestiontohaveaparty________bymyclassyesterday.A．wasaccepted B．acceptsC．isaccepted D．acceptedA

(

)3．Thesemachines________intheirfactorybythemselveslastyear.A．make B．madeC．aremade D．weremadeD

(

)4．—Whatdoyouthinkofyesterday’sactivityinyourcommunity?—Wonderful.Alotofusefuladvice________onself-protection.A．isoffered B．areoffered C．wasoffered D．wereofferedC

(

)5．—Peter,whatdifficultyhaveyouhad________Englishsofar?—I’mweakinlistening.Luckily,Ioftengetsomeadvicethat’sworth________fromMissWu.A．tolearn;beingtaken B．tolearn;takingC．learning;beingtaken D．learning;takingD

(

)6．WhenTim_________whyhewaslateforschool，hejustkeptsilent.A．wasasked B．askedC．wasasking D．isasked(

)7．WhentheSportsPark________,itwillbeagreatplaceforexercisingandrelaxing.A．hasbuilt B．willbuildC．willbebuilt D．isbuiltA

D

(

)8．—Iheardthatourschooliscollectingsecond-handbooksandtoys.—Yes,they________tosomeprimaryschoolsinpoorareasforfree.A．aresent B．willbesentC．weresent D．havebeensentB

(

)9．Thesecakes________withchocolate.Haveone,please.A．fill B．filledC．arefilled D．werefilledC

(

)10．TheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeamhasbroughthelpandhopetopeopleindisastersaroundtheworldsinceit________18yearsago.A．setup B．issetupC．wassetup D．willbesetupC

(

)11．Hiscar________fiveyearsago,butitlooksquitenew.A．buys B．boughtC．isbought D．wasbought(

)12．Ginawenttothedoctoryesterdayandshe_______abouttheimportanceofgoodlivinghabitsoncemore.A．told B．istoldC．wastold D．hastoldD

C

(

)13．—Thepassengerrefusedtomoveaftertakinganotherone’sseat!—Whatashame!He________accordingtothenewcreditsystem(诚信体系).A．punish B．punishedC．willpunish D．willbepunishedD

(

)14．—Oh，Yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mom.It________yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A．didn’tclean B．isn’tcleanedC．wascleaned D．wasn’tcleaned(

)15．Thevillagersexpectthatthebuildingofthebridge________beforetherainyseasoncomes.A．iscompleted B．wascompletedC．willbecompleted D．hasbeencompletedD

C

二、完成句子1．Chinaisgettingstrongerandstronger,soChinese____________________moreandmoreforeigners.中国变得越来越强大，

所以汉语被越来越多的外国人学习。2．WhenIwasyoung,I______________________bymygrandparents.在我小的时候，

我由我的(外)祖父母照顾。is

learned

by

was

looked

after

3．IfI________________,Iwillgotohisbirthdaypartyontime.如果我被邀请，

我会准时参加他的生日聚会。4．Iknowhowteaisproduced.Whentealeavesareready,they____________byhandandthen__________forprocessing.我知道茶是怎么生产的。当茶叶准备好后，

手工采摘，

然后送去加工。am

invited

are

picked

are

sent

5．Asthemostexcitingandtraditionalwaytoshop,streetmarkets_____