中考英语总复习语法知识第5节形容词和副词课件

中考语法知识第五节形容词和副词广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年形容词和副词原级★little◆suddenly◆completely★proud※excitedly★good

★ago※successfully※hard

★how★popular形容词和副词比较级★more※better—★more※greater广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)考点2020年2021年2022年2023年形容词和副词最高级—※thelongest——形容词和副词辨析◆popular◆short◆future◆right◆seriously◆popular◆difficult◆slowly◆cheerful◆finally◆luckiest广东省卷近4年中考统计(※语法选择◆完形填空★短文填空)命题趋向从近4年广东中考的情况来看，形容词和副词集中出现在完形填空中。形容词主要考查比较级、最高级和词义辨析，副词主要考查词义辨析。2024年考生备考时应掌握好形容词的比较级和最高级，常见的形容词和副词的词义辨析，同时也要注意副词的比较级和最高级。中考说明近4年的广东中考英语对形容词和副词的考查仍然是重要考点，2024年备考时应掌握好形容词和副词的基本用法、比较级和最高级的用法，

此外还有常用的句型以及形容词和副词在句子中的辨析。考点一：形容词形容词用来修饰名词或代词，

表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。一、形容词的用法序号用法例句1形容词在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语Thisisabeautifulcountry.(作定语)Thefishwentbad.(作表语)Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作宾语补足语)序号用法例句2形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时，

形容词位于复合不定代词后面Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm？序号用法例句3用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时，一般把它们置于被修饰的名词后面，

起进一步解释的作用Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.4“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.【针对练习】1．(2023沈阳，22,23)Hewas__(1)__tofindthebarrelswereplacedingoodorder.Thelittleboysmiledhappilyandtoldhisfather，“It’savery__(2)__way,thatis,tomakethebarrelsheavier.”(

)(1)A．worried B．interestedC．excited D．bored(

)(2)A．simple B．foolishC．strange D．dangerousC

A

(

)2．(2023烟台，21)Hehas________goalsasme：getinshape，getintomusicmoreseriously,andbegoodatJapanese.A．strange B．magicC．similar D．boring(

)3．—Didyoupassthetest?—Yes.I’mvery________foryouradvice.A．thankful B．carefulC．useful D．helpfulC

A

(

)4．Mysisterisstillvery________withmebecauseIbrokehernewpencil-boxyesterday.A．popular B．satisfiedC．honest D．angry(

)5．Areyoualone？Ijustwanta_____wordwithyou.A．single B．newC．private D．certainD

C

二、形容词比较等级的构成(一)规则变化序号要点例词1一般在词尾加-er/-estsmall—smaller—smallest,high—higher—highest2以不发音字母e结尾的，

在词尾加-r/-stnice—nicer—nicest,large—larger—largest序号要点例词3以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，

先把y变成i,再加-er/-esteasy—easier—easiest,happy—happier—happiest4以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，

先双写最后一个辅音字母，

再加-er/-estbig—bigger—biggest,hot—hotter—hottest5部分双音节词和所有多音节词，

在其前加more/mostpopular—morepopular—mostpopular,delicious—moredelicious—mostdelicious(二)不规则变化原级比

较

级最

高

级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest注意：(1)有些形容词一般没有比较级，

如：wrong,empty,perfect等；(2)形容词前加单词less或least,则表示“较不”或“最不”。【针对练习】(

)1．(2023扬州，10)Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch________.A．good B．wellC．better D．bestC

(

)2．—Whatistheworld’s________mountain?—MountQomolangma.A．high B．thehighestC．higher D．highestD

(

)3．—Whosehomeis________fromschool,Alice’sorDaisy’s?—Alice’s,Ithink.A．far B．fartherC．farthest D．thefarthestB

(

)4．—Youshouldn’teattoomuchjunkfood.It’sbadforyourhealth.—You’reright.________junkfoodIeat,________Iwillbe.A．Theless;thehealthier B．Theless;thehealthyC．Themore;thehealthier D．Themore;thehealthyA

(

)5．Comparedwitha1-dayweekend,a2-dayweekendis________aswemayhaveenoughtimeforourhobbies.A．morepleasant B．lesspleasantC．themostpleasant D．theleastpleasantA

三、形容词比较等级的用法(一)形容词原级和比较级的用法序号用法例句1比较级用于两者不同级的比较(一般含有形容词比较级的主句＋从属连词than引导的从句，

从句中常省去意义上与主句相同的部分)HeistallerthanI(am).Thebridgeiswiderthanthatone.序号用法例句2原级用于两者同级的比较：表示“和……一样”时，

用“as…as”；表示“和……不一样”时，

用“notas/so…as”Thehouseisasbigasthatone.Sheisasbusyasabee.Tomisnotas/sooldasPeter.3两者比较也可用：the＋比较级＋of短语(比较范围)Tomisthetallerofthetwo.Itisthenarrowerofthetwostreets.序号用法例句4表示“越来越……”时，

用“比较级＋and＋比较级/moreandmore＋adj.”Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.It’sgettingmoreandmorepopular.5表示“越……，就越……”时，

用“the＋比较级…,the＋比较级…”Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.Thesooner,thebetter.序号用法例句6比较级前可以用表示程度的状语来修饰：even,still,much,many,far,alittle,abit,alot,agreatdeal,slightly等Theradioisevenbetter.It’sstillcoldertoday.ThestudentmadealotmoremistakesthanIdid.Thisroomisslightlybiggerthanthatone.注意：(1)进行比较时，

比较的各方用词必须一致，

即比较的内容要一致。如：ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatoftheUSA．(2)进行比较时，

应把比较的本身排除。如：Lucyistallerthananyotherstudentinherclass.但ShanghaiislargerthananycityinAfrica.(any是“任何一个”之意，即上海不属于非洲范围)；ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.(anyother是“其他任何一个”之意，即上海属于中国范围)(二)形容词最高级的用法用法例句用于三者或三者以上的比较(一般形式：定冠词the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句)ChinaisthelargestcountryinAsia.ThePacificisbyfarthelargestoceanintheworld.注意：(1)最高级前可以放一个状语或定语。如：HainanisChina’ssecondlargestisland.(2)最高级作表语，

并且又不与其他人或物相比较时，

其前可省去定冠词the。如：Mary’shandwritingisbest.(3)most可表示“非常”的意思，

即不表示“最”的意义，

此时其前可用不定冠词。如：Thisisamostinterestingstory.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023大连，1)Nowadaystravellingbyhigh-speedtrainisas________astravellingbyairinChina.A．popular B．morepopularC．mostpopular D．themostpopularA

(

)2．(2023长春，2)Nothingis________thanaglassofwaterwhenyouarethirsty.A．nice B．nicerC．nicest D．thenicest(

)3．It’sbelievedthatplayingcomputergamestoomuchdoes________harmthangood.A．many B．muchC．more D．mostB

C

(

)4．Creditcards(信用卡)matteralot________thanbefore.Weusuallypaywithsmart-phonesnow.A．little B．fewerC．less D．moreC

(

)5．Bobknowshowtocutthecostoftheproject.I’msurehecandotheworkwith________moneyand________people.A．less;less B．fewer;moreC．more;fewer D．less;fewerD

(

)6．I’veheardthatZhuhaiChimelongOceanKingdomisoneof________oceanparksinAsia.A．verylarge B．thelargerC．muchlarger D．thelargestD

考点二：副词副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一类词，

它可以表示时间、地点、方式、程度或疑问等。一、副词的用法及位置用法位置例句状语(1)多数副词位于动词之后，

如果动词带有宾语，

则位于宾语之后(2)频度副词通常位于实义动词之前，

但是位于情态动词、助动词或系动词be之后(3)程度副词一般位于所修饰的形容词和副词的前面，

但enough作副词用时，

通常位于被修饰词的后面Itisraininghard.LucyspeaksEnglishquitewell.I’veneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.Don’tdrivetoofast.Itisaratherdifficultjob.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.用法位置例句表语位于系动词后Haveyoubeenawayonholiday？定语(后置)一般位于被修饰的名词之后Thepeoplethereareveryfriendly.Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.复合宾语位于及物动词之后Isawyououtwithmyfriendtheotherday.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023广州，15)LittleSixcried________whilehisbrothersandsistersstillfoughthard，tryingtoflyup.A．happy B．happierC．happily D．happinessC

(

)2．(2023沈阳，16)Thelittleboyfeltveryunhappyandcried.Hisfathercameandsaid________,“Son,don’tbesad.Wemayhavenowaytodealwiththewind,butwemayhavewaysforyou,sowecanhaveourownwaystobeatthewind.”A．strictly B．kindlyC．wildly D．nervouslyB

(

)3．(2023河南，43)Hecouldhardlywaittoseewhetheritcouldkeeptherainoff.Hecarefullyplacedthehatonhisheadandstartedwalking________alongthestreet.Itworked!A．heavily B．madlyC．thankfully D．purposefullyD

(

)4．Shelived________inasmallvillage,butshedidn’tfeel________.A．lonely;lonely B．alone;lonelyC．lonely;alone D．alone;alone(

)5．Let’sdoit________.Thereisonlyfiveminutesleft.A．slowly B．hardlyC．quickly D．politelyB

C

二、副词的分类序号分类用法例句1时间副词

时间副词通常用来表示动作发生的时间。常见的时间副词有：now,today,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HehasneverbeentoBeijing.序号分类用法例句2地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,down,up,off,on,in,out,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere等Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Writedownyournamehere.序号分类用法例句3方式副词方式副词一般都用于回答“怎样的”这类问题，

其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加-ly构成的，

有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,quickly,well,fast,hard,alone,high,straight等Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.序号分类用法例句4程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，

有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.序号分类用法例句5疑问副词疑问副词常用来引导特殊疑问句。常见的疑问副词有：how,when,where,why等Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat？【针对练习】(

)1．(2023宿迁，29)Mr.Henson’svoicewasstrong,andthestore’smusic________stoppedplayingwhenhemadetheannouncement.Mommusthaveheardhim.A．never B．evenC．quite D．everB

(

)2．(2023宜昌，12)Asourcoach,he________believesthateveryonehastheirowntalent.A．strongly B．hardlyC．nearly D．suddenlyA

(

)3．—IheardSammyhadbeenrecommendedforthe“VirtueTeenagerAward”．—Yes,shealwaysthinksofothersbut________thinksofherself.A．especially B．onlyC．usually D．hardlyD

(

)4．Takecarewhenyouaredriving,________inasummerstormlikethis.A．immediately B．especiallyC．probably D．recently(

)5．Everyoneinourneighborhoodlovesmygrandmabecausesheis________kindtoothers.A．never B．alwaysC．seldom D．sometimesB

B

三、副词比较级、最高级的用法序号用法例句1比较级用于两者不同级的比较Hegotupmuchearliertodaythanyesterday.2原级用于两者同级的比较：表示“和……一样”时，

用“as…as…”；表示“和……不一样”时，

用“notas/so…as…”TomspeaksEnglishaswellasAlicedoes.Thishorseisgettingoldandcannotrunas/sofastasitdid.序号用法例句3最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，

最高级前可加定冠词the也可不加Ofallthestudentsinourclass,shewrites(the)mostbeautifully.【针对练习】(

)1．(2023营口，7)ChatGPTcanmakeaplan________thanwedo.A．muchquickly B．morequickC．evenquick D．farmorequicklyD

(

)2．Theblacksofalooksas________astheblueone,butyou’llsit________ontheblueone.A．comfortably;comfortablyB．comfortable;comfortablyC．comfortable;morecomfortablyD．comfortable;morecomfortableC

(

)3．—Whatdoyouthinkofthiskindofclayart?—Great！Ihaveneverseena________one.A．beautiful B．morebeautiful C．muchbeautiful D．morebeautifullyB

(

)4．—SarahischosenastheguidefortheFashionShow.—Great!NoonespeaksEnglish________her.A．asbeautifulas B．asbadlyasC．worsethan D．betterthanD

(

)5．—Whatacarefulboyyouare!—Thankyou.Infact,Tomdoeseverything_______thanme.A．morecareful B．morecarefullyC．muchcareful D．muchcarelessB

完成句子1．Second,Ishould____________________myselfandmyfamily.Ishouldbe____________instead