2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练九主旨大意题-文章大意题

专题强化练（九）主旨大意题——文章大意题A(2024·广州越秀区模拟)TherearedayswhenIfinditnecessarytostepoutsidemyclassroomandchecktobesurethatmynameisstillintheTEACHERspaceovermydoor.SometimesIfeelthatIamastudentinmyclassroomratherthantheteacher.Seatedintheclassroom,mysixthgradestudentseachheldadifferenttoolinthehand.Thestudentsdiscussedhowwordsareliketools—theyhavetheabilitytobuildortodestroy,andtheydiscoveredhowtherighttoolusedattherighttimefortherightjobcanproducegreatresults.Iwatchedandlistenedwithasenseofsatisfaction.Theygotit!Afewdayslater,oneofmystudents,Laura,hadanunexpectedoutburstinclass.Sherefusedtoworkwithhergroup.Iaskedhertoexcuseherselfandtogotoournextdoorteamcenter.Shemarchedfromthebackoftheroomtoourclassroomdoor—shootingmeanangrylook,andthenproceededtoslamthedoorassheleftfortheteammeetingroom.Minuteslater,Istoodoverher.Beingextremelyangryaboutherdisrespectfulbehavior,Iwassharpinmytoneandharshwithmywords.WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated，“You'reusingyourtoolagainstme.”Iwasspeechless.Therearetimeswhenyouareatacriticalcrossroadswithastudentandtheroadyouchoosewillmakeallthedifference.Iknewatthatmomenttherightthingtodowastokneeldownnexttoherchair,andsoftlysay，“You'reright,Laura.Ihaveusedmywordsunwiselyandunkindly.Willyouforgiveme？”Shelookedmeintheeyeandsimplysaid，“Yes,Iforgiveyou,Mrs.Ekre.I'msorry,too.”Attheendoftheyear,shewrotemeabeautifulletter,attachedtowhichwasasmallkey—atool,shesaid,foralanguageartsteacherwhotaughtherhowimportantwordscanbe.ItservesasmyreminderofalessonItaughtasateacherbutoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为老师的一次授课经历，让自己意识到老师也可以从学生那里学到一些东西的故事，同时也暗示了言语的力量之大。1．Whydoesthewriterfeelsheisastudent?A．Herstudentsoftenchallengeher.B．HernameisnotintheTEACHERspace.C．Herstudentstransformherideas.D．Sheabusesherpowerasateacher.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ItservesasmyreminderofalessonItaughtasateacherbutoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.”并结合作者在教学中与劳拉发生的不愉快的经历可知，劳拉的行为让作者意识到老师也可以从学生那里学习，所以作者觉得自己是一名学生。2．WhatmadethewriterspeechlesswhendealingwithLaura?A．Laura'sangrylook.B．Laura'sabruptexplosion.C．Laura'sslammingthedoor.D．Laura'saccusationagainsther.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated，‘You'reusingyourtoolagainstme.’”可知，劳拉指控作者用言语对付她，这让作者无言以对。3．Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriter?A．Caringbutstubborn.B．Tolerantandopen-minded.C．Strictandchangeable.D．Sincereandflexible.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中作者和劳拉的对话可知，作者向学生劳拉诚挚地道歉并征得她的原谅，由此可以看出作者的宽容与豁达。4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thepowerofwords.B．Theimportanceofteaching.C．Thevalueofforgiveness.D．Thebeautyofunderstanding.A主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句并结合全文可知，言语是一种工具，可能会伤人，但也能安慰人，所以劳拉在给老师的信中说到言语很重要，由此可推知，本文主要讲述的是言语的力量。B(2024·山东省实验中学一模)Weallknoweatingultra-processedfoodsthatmakeourliveseasier—suchassauces,andfrozenpizza—isn'tgoodforourhealth.Studieshavefoundtheycanraiseourriskofobesity,heartproblems,diabetesandcancer.Theymayevenshortenourlives.Now,anewstudyhasrevealedeatingmoreultra-processedfoodsmaycontributetooverallcognitivedecline,includingthebrainexecutivefunctioning—theabilitytoprocessinformationandmakedecisions.“Whileinneedoffurtherstudy,thenewresultsarequitecompellingandemphasizethecriticalroleforpropernutritioninpreservingandpromotingbrainhealthandreducingriskforbraindiseases，”saidTanzi,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Hewasnotinvolvedinthestudybuthesaidinhisbook，“They,are,veryhighinsugar,saltandfat,promotingsystemicinflammation(发炎),perhapsthemostmajorthreattohealthyaging.Meanwhile,sincetheyareconvenientandquick,theyalsoreplacefiberfoodsimportantformaintainingthehealthandbalanceofbacteriainyourgut，”headded，“whichisparticularlyimportantforbrainhealthandreducingriskofage-relatedbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer.”Thestudy,presentedatthe2022Alzheimer'sAssociationInternationalConference,followedover10，000Braziliansfor10years.“InBrazil,ultra-processedfoodsmakeup25%to30%oftotalcalorieintake.ItisnotverydifferentfrommanyotherWesterncountries，”saidcoauthorDr.Suemoto.Ultra-processedfoodsaredefinedasindustrialformulationsoffoodsubstancescontaininglittleornowholefoodsandtypicallyincludeflavorings,coloringsandotherchemicaladditives,accordingtothestudy.“Peopleconsumingover20%ofdailycaloriesfromprocessedfoodshada28%fasterdeclineinglobalcognitionanda25%fasterdeclineinexecutivefunctioningcomparedtopeoplewhonot，”saidstudycoauthorNatalia.Thoseinthestudywhoatethemostultra-processedfoodswere“morelikelytobeyounger,hadhighereducationandincomes,andweremorelikelytohaveneversmoked”．“Peopleneedtoknowtheyshouldcookmore，”Suemotosaid.“Andit'sworthitbecauseyou'regoingtoprotectyourheartandguardyourbrain，”sheadded.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，吃过多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降，包括大脑执行功能——处理信息和做出决定的能力。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compelling”meaninparagraph2?A．Convincing. B．Surprising.C．Suspicious. D．Invaluable.A词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Whileinneedoffurtherstudy”以及下文可知，while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，说明虽然还需要进一步的研究，但新的研究结果相当令人信服。故画线词意思是“令人信服的”。6．Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A．WhoevernevercooksissuretodevelopAlzheimer.B．Ultra-processedfoodsonlyaffectyourexecutivefunction.C．Tanziisthefirsttofindtheproblemwithultra-processedfoods.D．Brazilians'calorieintakeisnotdifferentfrommostwesterners.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InBrazil,ultra-processedfoodsmakeup25%to30%oftotalcalorieintake...notverydifferentfrommanyotherWesterncountries”可知，巴西人的卡路里摄入量与大多数西方人没有什么不同。7．Whoislikelytoeatmoreultra-processedfoods?A．Anoldbeggar. B．Aheavysmoker.C．Ayoungprofessor. D．Alow-incomeman.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thoseinthestudy...‘morelikelytobeyounger,hadhighereducationandincomes...neversmoked’．”可知，一位年轻的教授可能会吃更多的超加工食品。8．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A．Ultra-processedfoodscanharmyourhealth.B．FiberfoodscanreducetheriskofAlzheimer.C．Fiberfoodsmaymaintainthebalanceofbacteria.D．Ultra-processedfoodswillleadtocognitivedecline.D主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句并结合全文可知，文章的主旨是超加工食品会导致认知能力下降。C(2024·邯郸一模)Schoolisimportantforchildrenandparentseverywhere,andtherearealotwhotaketheeducationofyouthveryseriously.Parentswanttheirchildrentosucceed,andalotofchildrenwanttodowellinschool.Anewstudy,whichwasdonebyBrighamYoungUniversity,hasfoundthatstudentsperformbetterinschooliftheygoonmoreculturalfieldtrips.Fieldtripshavealwaysbeenseenasfunforstudents,andtheylookforwardtotheirchancestogetoutoftheclassroomandgosomewherefun.Butfieldtripscanbedifficultforteacherstoplan,becausetheyneedtomakesurethatthereislearningandvalueincluded.Somehavearguedabouttheworthoffieldtrips,andwhethertheyareworthastudentmissingawholedayoutofschool.However,HeidiErickson,oneoftheresearchersinthestudy,statedthatthereisnoharmintakingstudentsoutoftheclassroom,evenformultipledaysthroughouttheyear,aslongastheyarelearningandinanappropriatespace.Thestudyhad4th-and5th-gradestudentsfrom15schoolstakepartinthisstudy.Theywentonthreeculturalfieldtripsduringtheschoolyear:toanartmuseum,alivetheaterperformance,andaclassicalconcert.Thentheresearcherslookedattheirschoolyearcomparedtostudentswhodidnottakepartandthisiswheretheysawthedifference.Thestudyfoundthatstudentswhowentonmultiplefieldtripsayearhadhighertestscores,performedbetterinclassandhadagreaterculturalresponsibilityovertimewhencomparedtostudentswhodidnotgoonasmanyfieldtrips.Althoughtherehasbeenaremarkabledecreaseinthenumberoffieldtripsduetovariousreasons,thisnewstudyisshowingthetruevalueoffieldtrips,especiallywhentheyareconsidered“cultural”．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了户外教学，尤其是文化旅游活动，能提高学生的成绩。9．Whyisithardforteacherstoplanfieldtrips?A．Teachersareconcernedabouttheprice.B．Teachersdon'tbelieveintheworth