2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练十一词句猜测题-词义猜测题句意猜测题

专题强化练（十一）词句猜测题——词义猜测题、句意猜测题A(2024·南京二模)Asanycatownerwilltellyou,talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline(猫)friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks,anewstudyinAnimalCognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech—Likebabytalk,cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort,repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.Previousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs,butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats.“Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats，”saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon,acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows“peopleshouldn'tbeashamed”．Mouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas“Doyouwanttoplay？”or“Doyouwantatreat？”incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners'speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats'reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.“Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners,agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans，”saysKristynVitale,acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings.”Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，该研究认为和宠物猫用特殊语调说话是有效的，会受到宠物猫关注。1．Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto?A．Theowner'scat-directedtone.B．Astranger'shuman-directedtalks.C．Astranger'scat-directedrecordings.D．Theowner'shuman-directedspeech.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，宠物猫对主人的猫式语气反应明显。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vocalizations”meaninparagraph3?A．Strategies. B．Trainings.C．Sounds. D．Rhymes.C词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，本文介绍的研究内容与人对猫说话的语气有关，结合画线词所在句语境可知，此处指有些人可能会因对猫使用特殊的声音感到尴尬，画线词的意思为“声音”。3．WhatmakesMouzon'sfindingsmorereliable?A．Continuousfilmingofcats'responses. B．Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.C．Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats'habits. D．Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theresearchersusedsoftware...makingtheresultmoreconvincing.”可知，该研究有计算机软件支持，从多方面对猫的反应进行了综合分析，这使得穆宗的研究更加可靠。4．WhatisthelimitationofMouzon'sresearch?A．Lackofsampletypes.B．Absenceofowners'support.C．Absenceofscientifictools.D．Lackofexperts'involvement.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.”可知，虽然试验对猫有一定参考意义，但未来的研究还需要拓宽样本的数量和种类。B(2024·东阳5月模拟)Dr.TamaraScully,apsychologistwhoworkswithchildren,youngpeopleandadults,shareshowgrandparentscanhelpchildren'swell-being.Itisdifficulttosearchfortheanswertothemainmentalhealthchallengesfacingchildren.Overthepasttwoyears,therehasbeenanincreaseinchildandadolescentmentalhealthdifficulties.Inparticular,therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinanxietyandeatingdisorders.Youngpeoplearealsoreportingamuchhigherlevelofsolitude(孤独),whichmayarisefromspendingtoomuchtimeoncellphones,televisionsandcomputers.Allthesewilldeeplyaffecthowtheybehaveintheirdailylife.Andit'sabsolutelynormalforyoungpeopletomoveupanddownthementalhealthcurve(曲线).“Wegetconcernedwhenwenoticebigchangesintheirbehaviorthatdon'tpassinafewweeks.Forexample,grandchildrenstopmeetingfriends,stayintheirbedroomorloseinterestinthingstheyusedtoenjoy，”saidScully.Sowhatrolecangrandparentsplayinensuringtheirgrandchildren'swell-being?AccordingtoScully,themostimportantthinggrandparentscanofferissimplythemselves,justbeingthere,listeningandaccepting.There'salovelysayingthatittakesavillagetoraiseachild.Relationshipsarethebiggestpredictorsofhappinessandsuccessthroughoutthewholelife.Strongpositiverelationshipsbuildresilience(抗逆力)inouryoungpeople.Grandparentsshouldalsobepresentandgivetheirtime.Theycangivetheirtimedirectlytotheirgrandchildrenandtotheirownchildren.Aparentwhoisallowedtimetorefuelwillshowupasabetterparent.Theycanhelptheirgrandchildrenbybeingontheirteamandsittingwiththemwhentimesaretough.Allchildrenbenefitfromsomethingcalledrelationalwealthandthisisagrandparent'smostimportantcontributiontothegrowthoftheiryoungergenerations.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了祖父母在确保孙辈幸福方面如何发挥作用。5．Whydoyoungpeoplesufferfromincreasingloneliness?A．Theyhavelessnon-screentime.B．Theypreferenjoyingvarioustake-out.C．Theyfailtoconqueremotionaldisorders.D．Theyconcentratemoreonupsthandowns.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Youngpeoplearealsoreportingamuchhigherlevelofsolitude...televisionsandcomputers.”可知，越来越多的年轻人感到孤独是由于他们花费太多时间在手机、电视和电脑上，因此，他们拥有更少的非屏幕时间。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean?A．Childrenshouldformgreatresilience.B．Childrenshouldlearntopredicttheirsuccess.C．Childrenshouldbebroughtupbyallvillagers.D．Childrenshouldgrowupinaharmoniousrelationship.D句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“Relationshipsarethebiggestpredictors...buildresilienceinouryoungpeople.”可知，此处是描述人际关系对于确保孙辈幸福的积极意义，由此可推知，画线句意为“孩子应该在一个和谐的关系中成长”。7．WhatistheattitudeofScullytowardlisteningtograndchildren?A．Disapproved. B．Favorable.C．Tolerant. D．Skeptical.B观点态度题。根据第四段中的“AccordingtoScully,themostimportant...listeningandaccepting.”可知，斯库利认为祖父母能提供给孙辈的最重要的东西就是他们自己，只要在那里、倾听和接受(就可以)，由此可推知，斯库利对于倾听孙辈持支持态度。8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtoaccepttheyouthoftoday.B．Howtobeaqualifiedgrandparent.C．Howtohelpgrandchildren'swelfare.D．Howtotacklethementalhealthchallenges.C主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第一段内容可知，本文介绍了祖父母在确保孙辈幸福方面如何发挥作用，C项能够总结文章大意。C(2024·南京师大附中一模)OnJanuary7,DavidBennettwentintotheoperatingroomattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterforasurgicalprocedureneverperformedbeforeonahuman.The57-year-oldMarylandresidenthadbeenhospitalizedformonthsduetoalifethreateningdisease.Hisheartwasfailinghimandheneededanewone.Bennett'sconditionlefthimunresponsivetotreatmentandineligible(不合格)forthetransplant(移植)listoranartificialheartpump.Thephysician-scientistsatthecenter,however,hadanother—alsorisky—option:transplantaheartfromagenetically-modifiedpig.“Itwaseitherdieordothistransplant，”Bennetthadtoldsurgeonsadaybeforetheoperation.“Iwanttolive.Iknowit'sashotinthedark,butit'salsomylastchoice.”Ittookthemedicalteameighthourstofinishtheoperation,makingBennettthefirsthumantosuccessfullyreceiveapig'sheart.“It'sworkinganditlooksnormal.Wearethrilled,butwedon'tknowwhattomorrowwillbringus.Thishasneverbeendonebefore，”BarkleyGriffith,wholedthetransplantteam,toldtheNewYorkTimes.Whileit'sonlybeenfivedayssincetheoperation,thesurgeonssaythatBennett'snewpigheartwas,sofar,functioningasexpectedandhisbodywasn'trejecting(排斥)theorgan.Theyarestillmonitoringhisconditionclosely.“Ithinkit'sextremelyexciting，”saysRobertMontgomery,atransplantsurgeonanddirectoroftheNYULangoneTransplantInstitute,whowasnotinvolvedinBennett'soperation.TheresultoftheprocedurewasalsopersonallymeaningfulforMontgomery,whoreceivedahearttransplantin2018duetoageneticdiseasethatmayalsoaffectmembersofhisfamilyinthefuture.“It'sstillintheearlydays,butstilltheheartseemstobefunctioning.Andthatinandofitselfisanextraordinarything.Uptonowmostexperimentalhearttransplantprocedureshavebeendonebetweenpigsandotheranimals.Thisisthefirsttimethatsurgeonshavetakenitintoalivinghuman.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了全球首个成功地将猪心移植到活人体内的手术案例。9．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ashotinthedark”inparagraph3mean?A．Somethingthatcostsafortune.B．Somethingimpossibletosucceed.C．Somethingdrawingpublicattention.D