【八下英语沪教版】Module 4 Unit 8 单元小结

第③failindoingsth.“在做某事方面失败”（2）其名词为failure,意为“失败”。【典例分析】1.___________(fail)isthemotherofsuccess.【答案】failure名词。2.Thedoctorfailed______________（save）thedog.【答案】tosave3.如果你不努力学习，你将考试不及格。Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,youwill_____________________________________.【答案】failintheexam4.他今早没有赶上第一班公交车。He_______________________thefirstbusthismorning.【答案】failedtocatch/failedincatching要点5.presentpresentn.目前；现在【例句】Iknownothingaboutthecaseatpresent.=Iknownothingaboutthecaseforthetimebeing.我目前对这起案件一无所知。【拓展】(1)presentn.礼物Whatpresentwillyougiveheronherbirthday?她生日你要送她什么礼物？(2)presentadj.目前的；出席的Weshouldtakethepresentsituationintoconsideration.我们必须考虑目前的形势。(3)atpresent=now=atthepresenttime此刻；现在Idon’tneedthedictionaryatpresent.我现在不需要这本字典。(4)presentsb.withsth.=presentsth.tosb.赠予某人某物Hepresentedhiswifewithadiamondnecklace.=Hepresentedadiamondnecklacetohiswife.他送给他的妻子一条钻石项链。【典例分析】1.Allthepeople__________atthepartywerehissupporters.A.presented B.thankful C．interested2.MrLiisbusy_____________________(现在).Canyouringhimlater?3.她生日时你要送她什么礼物？_________________willyougiveheronherbirthday?4.你必须忘掉过去，开始现在的生活。Youmustforget__________________andstartliving__________________________.【答案】1.Apresent在场的。2.atpresent目前，现在。3.Whatpresent.present礼物。4.thepastinthepresent5.Timsavedtwostudentsinthefire.Theheadmasterwill________theprizetohimatthemeeting.A.Promise B.practise C．prepare D.present【答案】本题考查动词辨析。promise意为“保证；承诺”，practise意为“练习”，prepare意为“准备”，present意为“授予”，结合语境可知应选D。6我的朋友送给我一把漂亮的扇子作为礼物。Myfriendgavemeabeautifulfan________________________________.【答案】asapresent7上次参加会议的人比这次多。Morepeople____________________themeetinglasttimethanthistime.【答案】werepresented8他们现在正在参观巴黎。TheyarevisitingParis____________________.【答案】atpresent要点6.widewideadj.宽的；宽阔的【例句】Howwideistheriver?这条河有多宽？【拓展】(1)wideadv.宽地(指具体的宽度)Pleaseopenyourmouthwide.请把你的嘴巴张大。(2)widelyadv.广泛地；宽地(指抽象的广度)Englishisthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言。(3)widthn.宽度Yourbedisthesamewidthasmine.你的床的宽度跟我的一样。(4)widenv.拓宽；加宽Hehadanoperationlastyeartowidenaheartartery.去年他做了一个扩张心脏动脉的手术。【典例分析】1.Thiscouplehavestrangehabits.Themanwouldliketosleepwiththelampburningandhiswifewiththewindow__________.A.wideopen B．widelyopen C．wideopened2.Mobilephoneis________(wide)usedintheworldnow.【答案】1.B2.widely要点7.recentlyrecentlyadv.（=notlongago）最近Ihaven’tseenhimrecently.我最近没看见过他。【同根词】recentadj.最近的Ourteacherhaschangedalotinrecentyears.我们老师最近几年变了很多。【典例分析】1.MypartnerandIhaveboth______________(recent)lostourjobsinthecity.2.Herbookshavegainedpopularity__________(recent).3.Ourteacherhaschangedalotin__________(recent)years.【答案】1.recently2.recently3.recent要点8.While与when区别whileconj.在……期间；当……的时候【例句】HewasdoinghomeworkwhileIwascooking.当我在做饭的时候，他在做家庭作业。【辨析】while与whenwhile和when都可以表示“当……的时候”。(1)when后面可以接延续性动词和短暂性动词，若主从句表达将来发生的事情，要遵从“主将从现”原则；如果从句动作为过去时而且是短暂性动词，则主句用过去进行时。Icameinwhen/whilehewasreading.他在看书时我走了进来。HewasreadingwhenIcamein.我走进来时他正在看书。Whenhecomesbacktomorrow,Iwillringyouup.他明天回来的时候，我会打电话给你。(2)while后面只能接延续性动词，常用进行时态；如若主句的动作也是延续性的，则构成“...bedoingwhile...bedoing...”。MumwaswashingclotheswhileDadwasreadinganewspaper.爸爸在看报纸的时候，妈妈在洗衣服。【拓展】(1)whilen.一会儿Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。2)whileconj.而；然而(表示对比)Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。【典例分析】1.Thereisplentyofraininthesouth_______thereislittleinthenorthinChina.A.while B．as C．when2.—_________didthebellring?—_________wewerehavingdinner,thebellrang.A.While;When B．When;While C．While;While3.当我在做饭的时候，他在做家庭作业。He____________________homework__________Iwascooking.4.我走进来时他正在看书。He______________________________Icamein.【答案】1.A表示“对比”而when无此意思。2.BWhen什么时候。“当。。。时候”3.wasdoingwhile表示两件事情同时发生。4.wasreadingwhen要点9.preparepreparev.使(自己)有准备【例句】Wemustpreparefortheworst.我们必须做最坏的打算。【拓展】(1)preparedadj.准备好的Wemustbepreparedfornewresponsibility.我们必须准备担起新的责任。(2)unpreparedadj.没准备好的Althoughhewasunprepared,hepassedthetestwitha“B”grade.虽然他没有充分准备好，他还是通过了考试并得了“B”。(3)preparefor=be/getreadyfor为……准备好Hetoldustoprepareforresistingtheenemyattack.=Hetoldustobe/getreadyforresistingtheenemyattack.他让我们做好准备以抵抗敌人的进攻。【典例分析】1.Hewaswell__________(prepare)tostartthegame.2.Allthestudentsare_____________(prepare)forthefinalexamnow.3.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。Thestudentsarebusy___________________thefinalexam.【答案】1.prepared2.preparing3.preparingfor4.—Whatareyoudoing，Mike?—Oh，I'm________thefinalEnglishexam.A.makingfor B.preparingfor C.lookingfor D.caringfor【答案】B【解析】句意：——迈克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在准备英语期末考试。考查动词短语及现在进行时。A.makingfor走向、促进；B.preparingfor准备；C.lookingfor寻找；D.caringfor关心、照顾。根据语境—Whatareyoudoing，Mike?—Oh，I'm________thefinalEnglishexam.可知句子时态要用现在进行时，由句意“——迈克，你正在做什么？——哦，我正在准备英语期末考试。”可知B选项符合题意，故答案选B。5．—Theclassroomissoquiet.—Yes,allthestudents_______forthefinalexam.A．prepare B．prepared C．willprepare D．arepreparing【答案】D【解析】句意：——教室里是那么安静。——是的，所有学生正在准备期末考试。考查动词时态。根据“Theclassroomissoquiet.”的语境可知，空处的动作应是正在进行，故句子应用现在进行时，构成形式为：bedoing；主语“allthestudents”是复数形式，助动词应用are；prepare的现在分词是preparing。故选D。要点10both...and...…和…(两者)都both...and...意为“……和……(两者)都”,用于连接两个并列的句子成分。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。BothKateandTomarefromClassThree,GradeOne.凯特和汤姆都来自一年级三班。LucycanspeakbothItalianandGreek.露西既会讲意大利语又会讲希腊语。【知识拓展】notonly...butalso...不但……而且……连接并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与butalso后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致neither...nor...既不……也不……连接两个主语时,谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致either...or...或者……或者……连接两个主语时，谓语动词与or后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致NotonlyyoubutalsoLiLeiiscominghere.不但你,而且李雷也要来这儿★NeitherLilynorIamastudent.莉莉和我都不是学生★Tomcanneitherplaythepianonorplaychess.汤姆既不会弹钢琴也不会下国际象棋。★YoucaneitherstayathomeorgoshoppingonSunday.星期天你可以待在家里或者去购物。★EitheryouorIamwrong.不是你错了,就是我错了【典例分析】1.—Whichshowdoyouprefer,RunningManorTheReader?—TheReader,ofcourse.________I________mybrotherlikesit.A.Both;and B．Neither;nor C．Either;or D．Notonly;butalso【答案】D【解析】both...and……和……都；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；notonly...butalso不但……而且。根据句意推断A和D项都符合句意，both...and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数；notonly...butalso连接并列主语时，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，根据句中likes推断选D。2.—Whathaveyoulearntafterthreeyears'studyinChina,Maria?—Iwastaught________knowledge________goodmanners.A．either;or B．both;and C．neither;nor D．not;but【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨异。A．either;or或者…或者。B．both，and和…(两者)都C．neither;nor既不...也不...D．not;but不是。。。而是。根据句意：我不仅学到了知识，还学到了礼貌。故答案选B3Jim,howdoyourparentslikecountrymusic?_____mydad_____mymomlikesit.Theybothlikecountrymusic.A．Either,or B．Neither,nor C．Notonly,butalso D．Both,and【答案】C【解析】句意：--蒂姆，你的父母觉得乡村音乐怎么样？--不但爸爸喜欢，而且妈妈也不喜欢，他们都喜欢乡村音乐。根据后半句：他们都喜欢乡村音乐，either…or或者…或者，表示两者之一；neither…nor两者都不，既不，也不；Notonly…butalso不仅…而且；both…and两个都，主语是两个人。Notonly…butalso……句型要根据最近的主语确定谓语动词，本题中的likes是第三人称单数，故选C。完成句子notonly…..butalsoneither……noreither……orboth……and4.在学校老师们不仅给我们传播知识而且还教我们如何做人。Atschoolteachersteachus________________knowledge______________howtobegood.5．他和我还没有看过这部电影。__________he___________I______________________thefilmyet.6.只有一张入场券，杰克和你当中只能一个人去看时装展。Thereisonlyoneticket.________Jack________youwillgotothefashionshow.7.肯特和孩子们都不想去动物园。_________Kent_________thechildrenwantedtogotothezoo.8,John和Peter在电影院看见Jolie时，都很吃惊_______________John______________Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema._______John______Peter________surprisedwhentheysawJolieinthecinema.9,只有一个座位，要不你去，要不我去。Thereisonlyoneseat,________you_______Icango.【答案】4.notonlybutalso5.Neithernorhaveseen6.eitheror7.Bothand8.NotonlybutalsowasBothandwere9.eitheror要点11satisfyv.使满意satisfysb.=pleasesb.使某人满意Somepeoplearehardtosatisfy.有些人是很难使其满意的。【同根词】satisfiedadj.（=pleased）满意的Wewerequitesatisfiedwithournewflat.我们对我们的新公寓相当满意。【典例分析】1.—Itisreallyhardto_______allofthembecauseeachofthemhasdifferentneeds.—Iagreewithyou.A．relax B．help C．satisfy2.She’snever（satisfy）withwhatshe’sgot.她对自己所得到的从不感到满足。3.Wearenottheseresults.我们对这些结果并不满意。【答案】C/satisfied/satisfiedwith要点12atthefront 在前面intheshapeof……的形状both...and...意为“……和……都；不但……而且……；既……又……”，【典例分析】1.为了能占个靠前的位置，她提早到了。Shearrivedearlytosecureaplace_______________________.2.游泳池呈心形。Theswimmingpoolwas____________________________________aheart.3.我和她都擅长英语。________she________I__________goodatEnglish.【答案】1.atthefront2.intheshapeof3.Bothandare要点13beconnectedto 与……相连besatisfiedwith 对……感到满意mix...with... (使……与……)相混breakdown 停止运转；出故障【典例分析】1.厨房和客厅是连着的。Thekitchen_______________________thelivingroom.2.听说和读写有密切的关系。Listeningandspeaking__________closely_________________readingandwriting.3.油不能和水混合在一起。Oilcan’t_____________________________water.4.我的电脑出故障了。Mycomputer____________________.5.老师对我们的成绩很满意。Theteacher____________________________ourgrades.【答案】1.isconnectedto2.isconnectedwith3.bemixedwith4.brokedown5.issatisfiedwith1.过去进行时的构成：肯定句形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词.否定句形式：主语+wasnot(wasn’t)/werenot(weren’t)+动词的现在分词.一般疑问句形式：Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词?肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were.否定回答：No,主语+wasnot(wasn’t)/werenot(weren’t).2.过去进行时的基本用法：(1)过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有：atthattime/moment,(at)thistimeyesterday(lastnight/Sunday/week…),at+几点钟+yesterday(lastnight/Sunday…)，whensb.didsth.等。(2)when和while表示“当……的时候”时，when后面通常接短暂性动词的一般时态，while后面通常接持续性动词的进行时态。【典例分析】用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Whilewe________________(wait)forthebus,agirl________(run)uptous.【答案】waswaitingran.当一件事情正在进行时，另一件事情发生了。2.I________________(telephone)afriendwhenBob____________(come)in.【答案】wastelephoningcamewhen后面一般是非延续性动词。3.Jim___________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.【答案】jumpedwasmoving4.Whilemother____________(put)Cathytobed,thedoorbell___________(ring).【答案】wasputtingrang5.AsI___________(walk)inthepark,it_____(begin)torain.【答案】waswalkingbegan6.We_______________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.【答案】wastestingwent7.Hesaidhe_____________(help)hissisterwithhomeworkatthattime.【答案】washelping8.Whilewe_____________(wait)forthebus,anoldmanfelldown.【答案】werewaiting知识要点三、书面表达【话题分析】用对比的方法谈论过去，未来的生活。【短语积累】1.将来________________________ 2.曾经___________________________3.外出________________________ 4.看起来像…______________________5.对……感兴趣________________ 6.为…感到自豪____________________7.持续_______________________ 8.长大____________________________9.梦想；渴望_________________ 10.实现___________________________11.最喜欢的爱好______________ 12.在晴朗的夜晚____________________13.以一种生动的方式___________ 14.超过____________________________15.实现某人的梦想_____________ 16.把……变成……_________________【答案】1.inthefuture2.usedto3.gooutside4.looklike5.becomeinterestedin6.beproudof7.lastfor8.growup9.dreamof10.cometrue11.favoritehobby12.onclearnights13.inalivelyway14.morethan15.achieveone’sdream16.turn…into…【句式积累】翻译下列句子1.我曾经集了很多邮票。【答案】Iusedtocollectalotofstamps.2.我最喜欢的爱好是看书。【答案】Myfavouritehobbyisreadingbooks.3.我更喜欢一个人读书。【答案】Iprefertoreadbymyself.4.我喜欢阅读是因为它帮助我更多地认识这个世界。【答案】Ilikereadingbecauseithelpsmelearnmoreabouttheworld.5.我将来想当一名作家。【答案】Iwouldliketobeawriterinthefuture.6.当我回到家的时候