专题14 重点语法复习：动词不定式（原卷版）

专题14动词不定式在中考语法项目中，主要考查动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，有时to省略，直接由动词原形构成。否定式由“notto+动词原形”构成。如：Wedecidedtogoonhikingthoughweweretired.虽然我们很累，但是我们决定继续远足。Thegirltriednottowakeuphermother.这女孩尽量不吵醒她妈妈。1.动词不定式作宾语（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+todo”结构）常见的有：learn学会plan计划decide决定try尽力choose选择agree同意refuse拒绝pretend假装offer主动wouldlike/want想要expect期望hope/wish希望promise承诺afford负担得起prefer喜欢help帮助(helptodo/helpdo)like喜欢(liketodo/doing)continue继续(continuetodo/doing)begin/start开始(begin/starttodo/doing)如：Iwouldliketohaveasandwich.我想要吃一个三明治。（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。如：Wefounditdifficulttounderstandwhatyousaid.我们发现很难理解你所说的话。（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+todo”结构），常见的有：show表明、指示；know知道；tell告诉；teach教；learn学习；decide决定。如：Larrydidn’tknowhowtotellherthebadnews.拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。2.动词不定式作宾语补足语（1）接不定式作宾语补足语的动词（动词+sb.+todo结构，否定式“动词+sb.+nottodo”）常见的有：tell告诉ask请order命令warn警告teach教want想要wish希望expect期望encourage鼓励allow允许invite邀请advise建议require要求force强迫如：Doyouwantmetofindoutthephonenumber?你想要我找出那个电话号码吗？（2）有些及物动词，接不定式作宾语补足语时（动词+sb.+do），要省略to。这类及物动词常见的有：let让make使have使see看见watch注视hear听到notice注意到feel感觉起来被动语态中要还原to，如makesb.do被动语态变为sb.bemadetodo。如：Isawhimreadinthelibraryyesterday.我昨天看到他在图书馆阅读3.动词不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语，可放在句首或句末。to表示目的、为了。如：Tolearnmathwell,youmustdomoreexercises.为了学好数学，你必须多做练习。Wecameheretoaskyouforhelp.我们来这是为了向你寻求帮助。4.不定式的常见句型动词不定式精练精析：一、单项选择1．Mybestfriendisalwayshappy_______everything_______me.A．toshare;to B．sharing;with C．toshare;with D．sharing;to2．Ioftenseethegirls________intheroom.They’reverypleased.A．dance B．dances C．dancing D．todance3．Inorder________forthecompetition,mysisterforced(迫使)herselftogetupearlythismorning.A．nottobelate B．notbeinglate C．tobelate D．beinglate4．Whenheistired,hefeelslike________forawalkinthepark.Buttodayhewouldlike________TV.A．going;watching B．going;towatch C．togo;towatch D．togo;watching5．It’sthebestway________English.A．tolearn B．learning C．learned D．learns6．Areyoutallenough________theorangesonthetree?A．reach B．toreach C．help D．helps7．Markisalwaysready________thosewhoareintrouble.A．helps B．helping C．tohelp8．HavingaPEclassseems________formostofthestudents.However,Marythinksit’sboring.A．tobeexcited B．tobeexciting C．beingexcited9．Whatadifferenceadaymakes!MyfatherandIdecided________toPenangHilltoday.A．togo B．go C．going10．MissHealways________metostudyhard.A．advise B．advises C．suggest D．suggests11．________warm,Mikeputonheavysweaterandgotintothetentwhenhecampedinthemountain.A．Keep B．Keeps C．Keeping D．Tokeep12．Theoldmanwouldrather___________moneytocharitythan___________himselfexpensivethings.A．todonate;buy B．donate;buy C．donating;buying13．Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn’tallowher___________theicecream.A．eat B．eats C．toeat D．tosay14．Don’tforget___________thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A．accept B．toaccept C．say D．tosay15．MountXiaoleiisnotfarawayfromhere,butitwillstilltakeusafewhours___________therebybike.A．getting B．toget C．got D．get16．ThebossaskedTimtogoand___________outiftherewasanyoneelseabsent.A．find B．finding C．tofind D．found17．Weadviseparents___________theirchildrenathomealoneinordertokeepthemawayfromdanger.A．nottoleave B．notleave C．notleaving18．WeChatandFacebookmakeiteasier________toeachother.A．talk B．totalk C．talking D．talks19．Iadvised________atonce.A．himtostarting B．himtostart C．tostarting D．tostart20．Iwouldliketoinvitehisparents________.A．togoforapicnic B．goforapicnic C．goingtothecinema D．todosomewashing21．Weareinterestedinhearinghim________usstories.A．totell B．tell C．told D．betold22．Wewarnedhim________afterdrinking.A．nevertodrive B．toneverdrive C．neverdriving D．neverdrive23．Yourbagistooheavy.Pleaseallowme________itforyou.A．tocarrying B．carry C．carrying D．tocarry24．Peterisbusy________atschool,butheneverforget________exerciseeveryday.A．working;doing B．working;todo C．atwork;doing D．work;do25．Mymotherasksme________TVbeforefinishingmyhomework.A．nottowatch B．notwatch C．notwatching D．watch26．Theoldladydidn'tknow________whenthehousecaughtfire.A．howtodo B．whattodoit C．whattodo27．It’sgood________yourhealth________.A．for,todrinkmilk B．for,drinkmilk C．of,drinkmilk D．of,todrinkmilk28．Wouldyoupleasetellthechildren________withthesnake?It’sdangerous.A．nottoplay B．don’tplay C．notplay29．Isawhim________intothelibraryjustnow.Hemustbestilltherenow.A．went B．goes C．go30．Someexpertswillgivesomeadviceonhow_______computersforstudying.A．use B．used C．using D．touse31．WangLinistryingherbest________Englishbecausesheplans________toEngland.A．learn;togo B．tolearn;going C．learning;togo D．tolearn;togo32．Weexpectedhim________intheconcert,buthedidn’t________.A．toperform;appear B．performs;appearedC．performing;appear D．toperform;appeared33．Thedishsmells________.Ican’twait________it.A．good;totaste B．well;totaste C．good;tasting D．well;tasting34．Helooksupset(难过，沮丧的).Hedoesn’tknow________.A．whattodoit B．howtodoit C．howtodo D．dowhat35．Childrencouldn’twait________thegiftbox_________themorningofChristmasDay.A．open;in B．toopen;on C．open;on D．toopen;in36．—Cantheshelfbefinishedbytheweekend?—Sure,_________itontime,wewillworktwomorehoursaday.A．completes B．completing C．tocomplete D．complete37．—Mom,canIhavesomething_________?—Oh,dear.Youcanonlydrinksomewater.Thereis_________inthekitchen.A．todrink.;nothingelse B．drinking;somethingelse.C．toeat;somethingelse D．eating;nothingelse38．Mymommakesmysisterandme________theroomtwiceaweek.A．clean B．toclean C．cleaning D．cleaned39．Idon’thope________thisjob.It’simportanttome.A．losing B．lost C．loses D．tolose40．Itisveryhottoday.Ithinkthewaterintheriveris________forus________.A．warmenough;swimming B．warmenough;toswim C．enoughwarm;toswim41．Let’sfindoutwhatelsewecando________asmanyanimalsaspossible.A．saving B．tosaving C．tosave D．save42．—I’msorry,Miss.Green.Ileftmymathbookathome.—Itdoesn’tmatter.Pleaseremember________itheretomorrow.A．taking B．totake C．bringing D．tobring43．It’simpolite________him________hisseattotheoldladyonthebus.A．of;togive B．for;nottogive C．of;nottogive D．of;don’tgive44．Therearelotsofoldbuildingsandchurches________.Studentsandtouristsenjoytrips________theriver________boat.A．visiting;on;by B．tovisit;along;by C．tovisit;on;in D．visiting;along;in45．Watchingfilmsandlisteningtosongsaregreatways________English.A．inlearning B．learning C．tolearn D．tolearning46．MissZhangaskedus_______lateagain.A．tobe B．nottobe C．tonotbe D．notbe47．Thedoctortriedhisbest_______theyoungman.A．help B．helps C．helped D．tohelp48．TomorrowisSaturday.Jerryisplanning_______abiketothecountryside.A．rode B．toride C．ride D．rides49．—Juststop________arest,Sue.Youhavekept________fortwohours.—Butthebookisreallyinteresting.A．having;reading B．tohave;toread C．having;toread D．tohave;reading50．Thereisapieceofglassontheroad.Wouldyoulike________withme?A．moveitaway B．tomoveawayit C．movingitaway D．tomoveitaway51．Is________possibleforus________aforeignlanguagewellinashorttime?A．one;learn B．it;tolearn C．that;tolearn D．this;learning52．________isagoodhabit________ustoeatanappleeveryday.A．It,for B．That,for C．This,of D．It,of53．______