2025届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题二阅读七选五第二讲根据逻辑关系解题课件

第二讲根据逻辑关系解题[题型分析]每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、转折、因果、例证、总分、补充、解释、对比等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此，理解阅读七选五的阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，并做出正确的判断。[技法点拨]例证关系[典例1](2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading“Personalstrengths.”37.______________________________________________________Areyoucaring?Creative?Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonalitythatyou'reproudof.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.A．Alittleself-forgivenessalsogoesalongway.B．Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.C．Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.D．It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.E．Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.F．Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.G．Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.[解析]空前提到“Personalstrengths.”，空后列出了哪些是个人优点，是具体的例证。所以，空处应承上启下，符合逻辑。因果关系[典例2](2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk：dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.37.__________________________________Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConcise

Oxford

DictionaryandtheCollins

Thesaurus.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]根据上文中的“Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.”可知，空处应谈及不信任笔记本拼写检查程序的原因，与上文构成因果关系。递进关系[典例3](2024·全国甲卷)Controlemotional(情绪的)eating.39._____________________________________Manyofusalsoturntofoodtodealwithunpleasantemotionssuchassadness,loneliness,orboredom.Butbylearninghealthierwaystomanageemotions,youcanregaincontroloverthefoodyoueatandyourfeelings.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.[解析]

根据下文中的“Manyofusalso...boredom.”，尤其是also可知，空处也应与人们吃东西的目的有关。转折关系[典例4](2024·全国甲卷)Whatismoderation(适度)?Basically,itmeanseatingonlyasmuchfoodasyourbodyneeds.Youshouldfeelsatisfiedattheendofameal,butnottoofull.36.______________________________________________________________Butitdoesn'tmeansayinggoodbyetothefoodsyoulove.F.Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.A．Eatproperlythroughouttheday.B．Wedon'talwayseatjusttosatisfyhunger.C．Don'tswallowamealonthewaytowork.D．Mostofusneedtodoubletheamountweeat.E．Instead,surroundyourselfwithhealthychoices.F．Formanyofus,moderationmeanseatinglessthanwedonow.G．Thatwon'tleadtocheatingorgivinguponyourneweatingplan.[解析]

根据空前内容对适度的解释以及空后的But可知，空后表示转折，因此空处应承接上文，对适度进行进一步解释，且与空后内容形成转折。补充关系[典例5](2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionary

of

the

English

Languagepublishedin1755.“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”.40.________________________________________Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E．Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F．Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G．Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.[解析]

根据下文中的“Afewminutes...canbearewardingexperience.”可知，该句是对空处内容的补充说明，故空处应说明阅读字典是一种乐趣。Test1

(2024·梅州一模)We‘realltoldtimeandagainhowimportantitistoexerciseforgoodhealth.Butwithourbusyschedules,findingthetimetoworkoutisofteneasiersaidthandone.1._________________________

__________________________________1．E

根据空前一句可推知，因为平时工作繁忙，所以大多数人只有周末有时间锻炼。E项符合语境。体裁主题语境难度说明文运动对健康的重要性★★★☆☆

E．Formanyofus,theweekendistheonlytimetoexercise.

UKexerciseguidelinessuggestthatadultsshoulddoatleast150minutesofexerciseaweekforgoodhealth.2.________________________________________Itisaboutwhetherornotyoucanstillgetthebenefitsofexerciseifyousqueeze(挤出)itallinonaweekendinsteadofspreadingitthroughouttheweek.2．A

根据空后一句可知，每周运动时间是分散还是集中的问题具有争议性。A项符合语境。A．Butdebateisgrowingaroundtheissue.

Arecentstudyfoundthatweekendexercisershada30%lowerriskofprematuredeathfromallcausescomparedtoinactivepeople.Riskofdeathfromheartdiseasewasalsoaround40%lower,whileriskofdeathfromalltypesofcancerwasaround18%lowercomparedtothosewhowereinactive.Buttheyalsofoundthatspreadingyourworkoutsthroughouttheweekwasassociatedwiththegreatestbenefitsforyourhealth.3._________________________________________________Thatis,theyhada5%lowerriskofprematuredeathfromanycausecomparedtoweekendexercisers.3．C

空前一句提到，在一周中分散锻炼对你的健康有最大的好处；空后一句提到，与周末锻炼者相比，他们因任何原因过早死亡的风险降低了5%。由此可知，有规律的分散锻炼对健康更好。C项符合语境。C．Regularlyactivepeoplehadthebesthealthoverall.4._______________________________________________Itsuggeststhemoreexerciseyoudo,themorebeneficialitistoyourhealth.Butthisisonlytrueuptoacertainpoint—withresearchshowingthatdoingmorethanfivetimestheminimumrecommendedweeklyactivityhasnoaddedbenefits.4．B

根据上文和空后一句“Itsuggeststhemoreexerciseyoudo,themorebeneficialitistoyourhealth.”可知，运动越多越健康，这一发现与之前的研究相一致。B项符合语境。B．Thisfindingisconsistentwithpreviousresearch.

It'swell-knownthatexerciseimprovesourheartfitness.Thisallowsustoexerciselongerandmoreintensely.5.________________________________________________________________________________Thisisalsolikelythereasonwhypeoplewhoexerciseregularlyhavelowerriskofprematuredeathfromanycause.5．G

上文说运动可以改善我们的心脏健康，这可以让我们锻炼得更久、更激烈。这是在陈述运动的好处。G项符合语境。

G．Also,itimprovesotheraspectsofourhealthlikeloweringbloodpressure.

Butresearchshowsthathowoftenyouexerciseisalsoimportantforimprovingandmaintainingfitness.Regularexercisewillleadtoadaptationsthataregoodforhealth.A．Butdebateisgrowingaroundtheissue.B．Thisfindingisconsistentwithpreviousresearch.C．Regularlyactivepeoplehadthebesthealthoverall.D．Mostpeoplefindithardtodoexerciseattheweekend.E．Formanyofus,theweekendistheonlytimetoexercise.F．However,itmaycauseseriousdiseases,suchasheartattacks.G．Also,itimprovesotheraspectsofourhealthlikeloweringbloodpressure.【语篇解读】文章介绍了运动对健康的重要性。Test2

(2024·邯郸二模)BenefitsofForestBathing

Forestbathingmeansspendingtimeinnaturetopromotephysicalandmentalhealth.Inrecentyears,forestbathinghasgainedpopularityaroundtheworld.Thispracticeencouragespeopletoconnectwithnaturebytakingslowwalks,engaginginactivitiessuchasyogaormeditation,andembracingthepresentmoment.1.________________________________

_________________________________________________________．1．G

根据空前一句及下文可知，文章介绍的是森林浴的好处。G项引出下文，符合语境。体裁主题语境难度说明文森林浴的好处★★★☆☆

G．Herearethebenefitsofforestbathingthatyoucanstartgainingtoday

Aidinreducingstress

Forestbathingcanhelpreducestress.Connectingwithnaturedecreasescortisol(皮质醇)levels,thehormone(激素)responsibleforfeelingsofstress.2.____________________________________________

____________________________！

Evenbeforeyouphysicallyentertheforest,justimaginingstayingtherecanpositivelyaffectyourcortisollevels.2．F

根据空前一句可知，在大自然中可以减少压力，从而更放松。F项符合语境。

F．Sothemoretimeyouspendinnature,themorerelaxedyouwillbe

Anaturalmoodenhancer

Ifyouwanttoelevateyourmood,takeatriptotheforest.Aforestbathingtripcaneaseyourmoodsignificantly.3.

____________________

_________________________________.Forestsarealsoassociatedwithcalmingeffectsonthemindandbody.3．C

根据空处前后句可知，森林浴可以起到缓解情绪和镇静身心的作用，空处应继续介绍森林浴的好处。C项符合语境。

C．Itcanhelpreduceyouranxiety,depression,andtiredness

4．__________________________________

It'snosecretthatnatureplaysavitalroleinhumanlife,andthetwoarestronglyconnected.Innaturalenvironments,plantsandtreesreleasesomespecialoils,whichcanprotectplantsfromgerms.Theyalsohavemanyhumanhealthbenefits.Inadditiontoenhancingm