2024年1月上海春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷07A4含答案(附听力音频)

2024年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷07

LListeningComprehension（第1-10题,每题1分；第1L20题，每题1.5分；共25分）

SectionA

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Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillheaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readtheJourpossibleanswersonyour

paper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.

C.Inanoffice.D.Inafurniturestore.

2.A.Three.B.SixC.Nine.D.Twelve.

3.A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandparent.

C.Husbandandwife.D.Teacherandstudent.

4.A.Doubtful.B.Excited.C.Frustrated.D.Indifferent.

5.A.Hehadaworthytrip.B.Hedidn'tenjoythetrip.

C.Thetripwastooexhausting.D.Thetriptookhimbysurprise.

6.A.Pressthebuttonofeveryfloor.

B.Takeanotherliftdowntothe7lhfloor.

C.Askthewomanwhichfloorshe'sgoingto.

D.Stayinthesamelifttogodowntohisfloor.

7.A.Thesizeof（heelectricvehiclemarket.

B.Anewtrendinthecarmakingindustry.

C.Theveryprofitablebusinessofmakingcakes.

D.Howmanufacturersprofitfrommakingelectriccars.

8A.Thewomanwasanewcustomerofthegarage.

B.Thewomancalledtomakeacomplaintaboutthegarage'sservice.

C.Thewomanhadn,texpectedthemaintenancesenicetotakesolong.

D.Thewomanwassatisfiedwiththeimprovementinthegarage'sservice.

9A.Themandidn'tintendtomakethewomanunhappy.

B.Themanthought(hewomanwasbeingunreasonable.

C.Themanbelievedthewomanhadmisundersloodhim.

D.Themanwantedtosaysomethingupsettingtothewoman.

10.A.Thewomanmayneedtoreevaluateherpriorities.

B.Thewomanshoulddealwiththeurgentmattersfirst.

C.Thewomanhasfailedtotakecareoftheurgentmatters.

D.Thewomanshouldkeeptrackofeverythingusingato-dolist.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageor

conversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,but

thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Hewaslaughedatbyotherstudents.

B.Hewasinterestedinstudyinginhisyouth.

C.Hegothisgraduatedegreeattheageof60.

D.Hemadehisfellowstudentsmoreopen-minded.

12.A.Considerate.B.Independent.C.Intelligent.D.Energetic.

13.A.Itisnevertoolatetolearn.B.Twoheadsarcbetterthanone.

C.Afriendinneedisfriendindeed.D.Youcan'tteachanolddognewtricks.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Alert.B.Unfocused.C.Awake.D.Busy.

15.A.Theyaresolutionproviders.B.Theyareasourceofinspiration.

C.Theyarenormallyfullofbadnews.D.Theyaremoreeducationalthanwebsites.

16.A.Drinkmorecoffee.

B.Scrollthroughnewswebsites.

C.Allowourselvessometimetorelax.

D.Releaseourstresswithconstantcomplaints.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Open.B.Selfish.C.Friendly.D.Reserved.

18.A.Theystayquiet.B.Theyreadabook.

C.Theytalkabouttheweather.D.Theychatwithfellowpassengers.

19.A.Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.

B.ShewaseagertovisitanEnglishcastle.

C.Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague'shome.

D.Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.

20.A.Housesaremuchquieter.B.Housesprovidemoreprivacy.

C.Theywanttohavemorespace.D.Theywantagardenoftheirown.

II.GrammarandVocabulary(每题1分；共20分)

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Shampoo-dowereallyneedtouseit?

Buyingshampoocanbeoverwhelniing-therearesomanybrandstochoosefrom,acrossahugerangeof

prices.Somebrandspromisetorepairandnourishourhair.21otherspromisetostrengthenandadd

volume.Butisanyoftheseclaimstrue?Doweevenneedshampooatall?

Sincelongbeforeshampoo22(invcnt)-somcsayinIndia-ourbodieshavebeenproducingsebum,an

oil-likesubstance.Sebumstopsourskin23(get)dry,managesthehealthofourscalpandmakesour

hairshiny.Butitalsocollectsdirt,and,if24(leave)untouchedfortoolong,sebumcancauseourhairto

becomegreasy.Therearenodisadvantagesfromahealthperspectivetolettingourhairbegreasy,says

EleanoreRichardson.TrichologistatFulhamScalpandHairClinic,butmanypeoplechoosetowashtheirhair

25__aregularbasisforaestheticreasons.

Andsowereachfortheshampoobottle.Shampooscontainagroupofchemicalscalledsurfactants.They

grabthedirtandgreasefromthesurfaceofourhair,meaningwhenwerinseawaytheshampoo,wcalsowash

awaythegreaseanddirt.But.26LauraWaters,aprofessorofPharmaceuticalAnalysis,poiirsout,some

surfactantsworktoowellandtakethenaturaloilsoutofthehairaswell.Thoughmoreexpensiveshampoos

maycontain27(harsh)surfactants,thetypeofshampoodoesn'treallymatter,'it'sonourhairverybriefly

andgetswashedaway”.It'stheconditionersandstylingproductsthatweuseaftertheshampoothatmakea

biggerdifferencetothetextureandfeelofourhair.

Naturally,themoreweputontoourhair,themoreweneedtocleanseitoff.28(create)avicious

circle.So,yes,itseemswedohaveaneedfbrshampoo,butwealsoshouldn'texpectit29(serve)asa

miraclecure.And,finally,nexttimeyou'reinashampooaisle,rememberthathairismadeupofdeadprotein

cellsandthat,sadly,noteventhemostexpensiveshampoo3()bringthembacktolife.Seetoitthat

youmakebetterdecisions.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfivmthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.capableB.controllableC.faintD.idealE.landscapeF.outpacing

G.perceiveH.physicalI.promiseJ.scrubK.supporting

You'llNeverBeTrulyAlone

Inthedecadestocome,alargenumberofhomerobotscouldmaketoday'sappliancesseeminteresting.

Themarketforconsumerandofficerobotsisexpectedtodevelopquicklyinthenextthreeyears,accordingtoa

2015reportbyBusinessInsiderIntelligence,beinggreaterthan$1.5billionandfar31ihegrowthof

robotsinmanufacturing.

Wealreadyhaverobotsthatcleanthehouse,liketheRoomba,butinthefuturewe'Halsohaverobotanns

thatcan32surfacesandbathepeople,saysChristopherAtkeson.aroboticistatCarnegieMellon,

whoselabhasproducedsuchmachines.Eventually,robotswillfoldlaundryandcookmeals.Andiftheywork

well,youwon'tevennoticethem.Thekeytoeffectiverobotsis“being33ofpredictingwhatpeople

willdo,“saysJulieShah,theheadoftheInteractiveRoboticsGroupatMiT."Theideaiseither34

peopleorstayingoutoftheirway.4

Thatsaid,somepeoplemaywantarobotthathangsaround.InJapan,afriendlyhumanoidrobotcalled

Pepperthatcan35andrespondtohumanemotionhasprovedenormouslypopularsinceilwentonsale

twoyearsago.Peppermightturnouttobethe36roommate-helpful,kind,andalwaysupforhanging

out,butneverintheway.

Perhapsthealready37linebetweenonlineandofflinelifewilldisappear,andhumanrelationships

withintelligentmachineswillrepresentanewextensionofoursocial38.Yourin-hourrobotcouldserve

asanavatard上身）forfriendsandfamily,39fromafarsothat,withthehelpofroboticarmsandlegs,

youcoulddancewilhorhugalovedonewhoishalfwayaroundtheplanet.Thereal40of-orproblem

with-thehouseofthefuture,then,mightbethatyou'Hneverhavetoleaveit.However,whatthefuturehouse

willbelikestillremainstobeseen.

III.ReadingComprehension（共45分。41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分）

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext

ChilddevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiagetconvincedusthatyoung,undevelopedmindscouldn't

handlecomplexconceptsbecausetheysimplyweren'texperiencedormatureenoughyet.Piaget,41,

believedthatyoungkidscouldno:understandcauseandeffect,thattheycouldn,tthinklogically,andthatthey

alsocouldn,thandleabstractideas.

Butchilddevelopmentspecialistsarcfindingoutthatpreschoolerswithoutanyformaleducationmay

havethecapacitytounderstandmorecomplexconceptsthanwegivethem42for.

AlisonGopnik,professorofpsychologyatUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeleyandherteamdevisedaway

totesthowwellyoungkidsunderstand（heabstractconceplof43causeandeffect—theideathatthere

maybemorethanonecausefbrasingleeffect.Theypickedpreschoolersaround4yearsold44

undergraduates.Thestudy45atoythatcouldbeturnedonbyplacingasinglebluecoloredblockon

thetoy'stray,butcouldalsobeactivatediftwoblocks-orangcandpurplc-wcrcplacedonthetray.

Thepreschoolerswereexpertat46thattheblueblocksturnedonthetoy,asdidthepurpleand

orangeones,butthatthepurpleandorangeonesneededtobepairedtogether.Theundergraduates,however,

hada47timeaccepting（helattersolution.Theirpreviousexperienceintheworldhamperedtheir

abilitytoaccepttheunusualrules由at48thetoy.

ResearchersfromJohnsHopkinsUniversityfoundasimilareffectamongpreschoolerswhenitcameto

math.Previousstudiesshowedthatifyoupresentinfantswitheightobjectsoverandoveruntiltheygotbored,

andthenshowedthem16,theysuddenly49interestandsensedthatthingschange.Evenbeforethey

aretaughtaboutnumbersoramounts,then,infantsseemtohaveagrasponquantity.llAlltheevidencesofar

leadsustobelievethatthisissomethingthatbabiescomeintotheworldwith,“saysMelissaKibbe,co-author

ofthatstudy.According(oherresearch,thepreschoolershadsome50ofquantity,and(he

appropriateamountihaliheyneededtogelfromasmallquantitytoalargerone.

Kibbe'sandGopnik'srecentworkmayhavebroader51foreducation,sincecurrentmath

curriculainschoolsmaynotbeidealfor52thenumbersensethatkidsarebomwith."There'san

excitingmovementinpsychologyoverthepastdecade,aswelearnthatstudentsbringcertaincapabilities,or

inbornknowledgethatwchadn'tthoughttheyhadbefore/*saysJonStar,attheHarvardUniversityGraduate

SchoolofEducation.

Thoughitmaybetooearlyto53suchfindingstotheclassroom,theresultslaytheground

workforstudyingsimilarinbornskillsandhowtheymightbebetterunderstood."Thehardpartis,

54,howyoubuildupandupon(hisintuitiveknowledgeinaway(hatallowsachildtocapturethe

complexitybutnotholdthemback.^^saysTinaGrotzer,associateprofessorofeducationatHarvard.Taking

advantageofachild'sstilldevelopingsenseofnumbersandquantitiesisonething,but55itwith

toomanynewconstructsaboutalgebra,unknowns,andproblemsolvingmayjustendupnegativelyaffecting

hislearningandacademicperformance.uAssoonasconceptsgetbigandcomplex,therearcallsortsof

perceptual,attcntional,andcognitivecostsandchallengesinvolved/'shesays.

41.A.infactB.inparticularC.incontrastD.incomparison

42.A.criticismB.creditC.attentionD.advance

43.A.overallB.essentialC.concreteD.multiple

44.A.againstB.beyondC.afterD.over

45.A.knockedaroundB.poweredonC.turnedoffD.centeredon

46.A.pullingoutB.spellingoutC.pointingoutD.figuringout

47.A.merrierB.shorterC.harderD.rougher

48.A.motivatedB.activatedC.assembledD.empowered

49.A.enhancedB.resumedC.rejectedD.altered

50.A.tasteB.attemptC.conceptD.expertise

51.A.instructionsB.substitutesC.implementationsD.implications

52.A.complementingB.discoveringC.challengingD.nurturing

53.A.transferB.translateC.stretchD.compare

54.A.literallyB.theoreticallyC.educationallyD.previously

55.A.associatingB.intrudingC.blendingD.overloading

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiver;inthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

InmyhometownofIdahoFalls,beneaththeelevatedtraintracksthatparalleledWestYellowstone

Highway,therewasahiddengemthatarousedmycuriosity.Asmallopeninginthehill,easilymissedifone

wasn'tattentive,attractedmewithitshalf-moonshapeandstone-framededges.Althoughitlookedpointless,

brilliantlightpouredthrough,creatingatapeslryofthintreescoveredindelicate,lightgreenleaves—a

symboloffreshnessandnewbeginnings—andilluminatingthespace.

Thatimageremainsvividinmymind,evokingafancifulnotionofagatewaytoasecretv/orldwhere

woodnymphsandfairieshavefun.Iimaginedanembraceofbeautifullight,apeacefulplacewhereIwould

feelsecureandunderstood.

Asateenager,armedwithadriver'slicense,Ifantasizedaboutdrivingtothatspotandfinallystepping

throughtheopening.However,IknewdeepdownthatthemomentIventuredcloser,theenchantment(魔法)

woulddisappearlikemorningniisi.

Eveninadulthood.Ihadaknackforsummoningenchantment.Icouldmarvelatdriftingclouds,sensing

theirmagicaldance.Oldforestsshowedanotherworldlywisdom,andseeminglycoincidentaleventshelda

mysticalfascination.Butthepandemic,likeathiefinthenight,robbedmeofthatgift.Confinedtoourhomes,

thecriesofourchildrenmergedwithourownaswcwrestledwithteachingthemreadingandmath.Weeks

stretchedintomonths,andmonthsintoyears,erodingniyabilitytofindenchantmentintheboringlife,leaving

onlytheresidueofaCOVID-infectedexistence.

SowhenIpickedupKatherineMay'snewestbookandreadthisbit,itfeltreallyfamiliar:

“Ihavelostsomefundamentalpartofmyknowing,somebasichumanfeeling.Withoutit,theworldfeels

liketapwaterleftovernight,flatandchemical,shortoflife.Iamlikelightningseekingearth.Uneasy.Ineeda

betterwaytowalkthroughthislife.Iwanttobeenchantedagain?,

Mayhaswrittenanentirebookaboutthis,appropriatelytitledEnchantment:AwakeningWonderinan

AnxiousAge.Idog-earedalmosteverypageinthisbook,astheymirroredmyownexperiences.Itwasa

confirmationIdesperatelyneeded-therealizationthatIwasn'taloneinmystruggle.May'sexplorationof

curiosity,imagination,andthequestformeaninginourlivesbecameaprofoundreminderofthepathIyearned

torediscover.Therefore,Ican'twaittorecommendthisbooktoyou.Youwon'tbedisappointed;youhavemy

word.

56.Thefirstthreeparagraphstalkabout.

A.how(heauthordiscoveredahiddenopeninginherhometown

B.whatroleasecretworldplaysinkidsfascinatedwithfairytales

C.howtheauthorholdsontoasenseofwonderasacuriouschild

D.whythereisaninevitablelossofenchantmentuponinspection

57.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthepassage?

A.drainingupB.callingupC.steppingupD.fillingup

58.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

A.Theauthoridentifieswith,thecontentinMay'snewestbook.

B.Theauthorenjoysreadingbooksinihecompanyofherdog.

C.Thepandemichastakenawaytheauthor'sabilitytoread.

D.May'snewestbookservesasareminderoftheboringpast.

59.Thepurposeofthispassageisto.

A.comparewaystofindenchantmentinlifeB.recommendMay'snewestbooktoreaders

C.explainwhyasenseofwonderisimportantD.introducetheauthor'sfascinatingchildhood

(B)

smaB

disadvantageousdecksadvantageousdecks

EIOM$250*v«<y10card*ptc*«dnetgan$250ewcy10cardspicked

NewunderstandingoftherelationbetweenthoughtandemotionhavestrengthenedIliescientific

foundationofthestudyofemotionalintelligence.Usingasimpledecision-makingtask,neurologistAntonioR.

DamasioandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityoflowahaveprovidedconvincingevidencethatemotionand

reasonarcessentiallyinseparable.Intheearly1990sDamasiohadpeopleparticipateinagamblingtaskin

whichthegoalistomaximizeprofitonaloanofplaymoney.Panicipantswereinstructedtoselectl(X)cards,

oneatatime,fromfourdifferentdecks.Theexperimenterarrangedthecardssuchthattwoof(hedecks

providedlargerpayoffs($100comparedtoonly$50)butalsodoledout(按份额发放)largerpenaltiesat

unpredictableintervals.

Onegroupofparticipantsinthisstudyhadbeenidentifiedashavinglesions(捐赠害)to(heventromedial

prefrontalcortexofthebrain.Patientswiththistypeofbraindamagehavenormalintellectualfunctionbutare

unabletouseemotioninmakingdecisions.Theothergroupwasnormal,meaningthattheirbrainswerefully

intact.Becausetherewasnowayforanyoftheplayerstocalculatepreciselywhichdeckswereriskier,they

hadtorelyontheir“gut”feelingstoavoidlosingmoney.

Damasio'sgroupdemonstrated(hatthebrain-lesionpatientsfailedtopayattentiontothesefeelingsand

thuslostsignificantlymoremoneyTherefore,defectsinthebraintliatimpairemotionandfeelingdetectioncan

impairdecision-making.Damasioconcludedthat“individualsmakejudgmentsnotonlybyassessingthe

severityofoutcomes,butalsoandprimarilyintermsoftheiremotionalquality.^^

60.HowmuchcanoneparticipantgetifheorshekeepspickingcardsfromDeckCandD?

A.Almost$1.250B.About$5.(X)0.C.Around$2.500.D.Hardtotell.

61.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageandpictures?

A.Thebrain-damagedpatientsrelyon(heiremotiontoplaygames.

B.Thereisnosignificantdifferencebetweenthebrain-damagedandnormalparticipants

C.Thenormalparticipantsarelikelytowinmoremoneybecauseoftheirreasoningability.

D.Thebrain-damagedparticipantsmaylosemoremoneythanthenormalparticipants

62.Whichofthefollowingchartbestrepresentstheresultofcardselectionofthosewithventromediallesion?

(C)

Whyisn'tsciencebetter?Lookatcareerincentives.

Thereareoftensubstantialgapsbetweentheidealizedandactualversionsof(hosepeoplewhosework

involvesprovidingasocialgood.Governmentofficialsaresupposedtoworkfortheirconstituents.Journalists

aresupposedtoprovideunbiasedreportingandpenetratinganalysis.Andscientistsaresupposedtorelentlessly

probethefabricofrealitywiththemostrigorousandskepticalofmethods.

Alltoooften,however,whatshouldbejustisn'tso.Inanumberofscientificfields,publishedfindings

turnoutnottoreplicate(复制),ortohavesmallereffectsthan,whatwasinitiallyclaimed.Plentyofscience

doesreplicate—meaningtheexperimentsturnoutthesamewaywhenyourepeatthem—buttheamountthat

doesn'tistoomuchforcomfort.

Buttherearealsowaysinwhichscientistsincreasetheirchancesofgettingitwrong.Runningstudieswith

smallsamples,miningdataforcorrelationsandforminghypothesestofitanexperiment'sresultsafterthefact

arejustsomeofthewaystoincreasethenumberoffalsediscoveries.

It'snotlikewcdon'tknowhowtodobetter.Scientistswhostudyscientificmethodshaveknownabout

feasibleremediesfbrdecades.Unfortunately,theiradviceoftenfallsondeafears.Why?Whyaren'tscientific

methodsbetterthantheyarc?Inaword:incentives.Butperhapsnotinthewayyouthink.

Inthe1970s,psychologistsandeconomistsbegantopointoutthedangerinrelyingonquantitative

measuresforsocialdecision-making.Forexample,whenpublicschoolsareevaluatedbystudents'performance

onstandardizedtests,teachersrespondbyteaching“tothelest”.Intum,thetestserveslargelyasofhowwell

theschoolcanpreparestudentsforthetest.

Wecanseethisprinciple-oftensummarizedas“whenameasurebecomesatarget,itceasestobeagood

measure”—playingoutintherealmofresearch.Scienceisacompetitiveenterprise.Therearefarmore

credentialed（授以证书的）scholarsandresearchersthanthereareuniversityprofessorshipsorcomparably

prestigiousresearchpositions.Oncesomeoneacquiresaresearchposition,thereisadditionalcompetitiontor

tenure（终身教授）grantfunding,andsupportandplacementforgraduatestudents.Ductothiscompetitionfor

resources,scientistsmustbeevaluatedandcompared.Howdoyoutellifsomeoneisagoodscientist?

Anoft-usedmetric（标准，度量）isthenumberofpublicationsonehasinpeer-reviewedjournals,aswell

asthestatusofthosejournals.Metricslikethesemakeitstraightforwardtocompareresearcherswhosework

mayotherwisebequitedifferent.Unfortunately,thisalsomakesthesenumberssusceptibletoexploitation.

Ifscientistsarcmotivatedtopublishoftenandinhigh-impactjournals,wcmightexpectthemtoactively

trytogamethesystem（钻空子）.Andcertainly,somedo-asseeninrecenthigh-profilecasesofscientific

fraud（欺诈）.Ifmalicious（恶意的）fraudistheprimeconcern,thenperhapsthesolutionissimplyheightened

alertness.

However,mostscientistsare.Ibelieve,genuinelyinterestedinlearningabouttheworld,andhonest.The

problemwithincentivesisthattheycanshapeculturalnormswithoutanyintentiononthepartofindividuals.

63.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Scientistsareexpectedtopersistentlydevotedtoexplorationofreality.

B.Theresearchfindingsfailtoachievetheexpectedeffect.

C.Hypothesesarcmodifiedtohighlighttheexperiments'results.

D.Theamountofsciencethatdocsreplicateiscomforting.

64.Whatdoesdeafearsinthefourthparagraphprobablyreferto?

A.Thepublic.B.Theincentiveinitiators.

C.Thepeerresearchers.D.Thehigh-impactjournaleditors.

65.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?

A.Goodscientistsexcelinseekingresourcesandsecuringresearchpositions.

B.Competitionforresourcespushesresearcherstopublishinamoreproductiveway.

C.Allthecredentialedscholarsandresearcherswilltakeupuniversityprofessorships.

D.Thenumberofpublicationrevealshowscientistsarebitterlyexploited.

66.Accordingtotheauthor,whaimightbearemedyforthefundamentalprobleminscientificresearch?

A.High-impactjournalsareencouragedtoreformtheincentivesforpublication.

B.Thepeer-reviewprocessissupposedtoscaleupinspectionofscientificfraud.

C.Researchersaremotivatedtogetactivelyinvolvedingamingthecurrentsystem.

D.Careerincentivesforscientistsareexpectedtoconsidertheirpersonalintention.

SectionC

Directions:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeused

once.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.

A.Sometherapistsutilizetechniquesthatactagainstthephysicalsymptomsoffear.

B.Survivalmaynothanginthebalance,butsocial,professionalorfinancialsuccesscanseemtobeingrave

danger.

C.Allthesesymptomseatawayattheveryresourcesneededloriseto(heoccasion:steadyhands,clear

memoryandacoolhead.

D.Theindividualbeginsbyimaginingfailure,workshimselforherselfintoastateandthencriticizeshisorher

ownabilities.

E.AtHarvard,Powellfoundthatfacinganxietycanbeahardtask,butmanytimesthefeararisesfrom

completelycontrollablepreconditions.

F.Becauseperformanceanxietyariseswhenotherpeoplearepresent,manypsychologistsbelieve(hatthe

conditionisasub-catcgoryofsocialanxiety.

Fearisgood;inemergencies,itenablesustofightorflee.Butoftenwcgetscaredatthewrongtime-

whenwcstepontothefieldforabigsoccergameoruptothemicrophoneatalargetownmeeting.Professional

athletesandactorssaysomenervousnesshelpthemconcentratebetter.But,whenperformanceanxietyistoo

powerful,itunderminesourefforts;aviolinistcannotfindthecorrectnotes,amanagerinameetingforgetsall

thetalkingpoints.67.

Thehumananxietyreactionbeginsalmostautomaticallyandincludesclearphysiologicalsymptoms;a

racingheart,sweating,stomachpains.Somepeoplehavetroublebreathingorfeelfaint.Thusalarmed,victims

maywithdrawintothemselvesorshockothersaroundthemwithaggressiveoutbursts.Iftheneedtoperformis

aregularrequirement,theymaysufferfromnightmaresorfallintodepression.68Studiesrevealthat

anxiety-plaguedexecutivesarelessabletoapplylogicalinlellige