专题05议论文专练一-2023年高考英语阅读理解名校好题100篇-(原卷板)

专题05议论文专练一1.（2022春·湖北武汉·高三武汉市第一中学校考阶段练习）Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucratic(官僚主义的)managementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-equippedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotchangethefactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.Theworkersandemployeesareanxious,seeminglybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajobortheywouldsaythattheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Infact,theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessempty.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoreamatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasfortherightmixtureofsubmissiveness(顺从)andindependence.Fromthemomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong,etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone’sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepre-industrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhichmanandfulldevelopmentofhispotentialitiesaretheaimsofsocialarrangements.Productionandconsumptionshouldserveasmeanstothisend,andshouldbepreventedfromrulingman.1．By“awell-oiledcoginthemachinery”,theauthorexpressestheideathatmanis.A．areplaceablecomponentofsociety,thoughfunctioningsmoothlyB．expectedtoworkinreasonableharmonywiththerestofsocietyC．responsibleforthesmoothrunningofsocietyandbusinessoperationsD．anessentialpartofsocietythoughindividual’sfunctionisinsignificant2．Therealcauseoftheanxietyoftheworkersandemployeesisthat.A．theyhavetofacethefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceB．theyarefilledwiththewell-foundedfearofbeingunemployedC．theydon’thaveanygenuinesatisfactionorinterestinreallifeD．theyareforcedtogiveuptheirindividualityandindependence3．Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothosewho.A．holdwell-paidandlife-longjobs B．enjoyhighsocialstatusandreputationC．stayawayfromover-competitiveness D．outperformtheirfellow-competitors4．Tosolvethepresentsocialproblemstheauthorsuggeststheweshould.A．turntotheproductionmodeofourancestors B．enablemantofullydevelophispotentialitiesC．offerhigherwagestoworkersandemployees D．takethefundamentalrealitiesforgranted2.（2021·浙江·天台中学校考模拟预测）Areyouamoviegoer?If,likeme,you’reafanoffilm,thenthere’snobetterplacetowatchsomethingthanonthebigscreenatthecinema.Youenterthedarktheatreandtakeyourseat,readytobeentertained.Butwhileyouareabsorbedinsomemoviemagic,manyothersarenowgettingtheirfilmfixathome.Overthelastfewyears,cinemashaveseenacomeback.Customershavebeenattractedbycomfortableseats,andlotsofchoiceofthingstowatch.Multiplexesinparticularcanscreenuptotwentyfilmsatthesametime,suitingalldifferenttastes.Inaddition,3Dandeven4Dmoviescangivetheaudienceanextraimmersiveexperience.So,what’snottolikeaboutatriptothecinema?Oneanswertothatquestionisconvenience.Ratherthangoingout,it’ssomucheasiertostayinandwatchmoviesonaTVscreenviaanonlinestreamingservice.There’splentyofchoice,andit’srelativelycheapaswell.But,personally,Ifindthere’retoomanydistractions,andwatchingathomeisnotsuchanevent.Imissthecinema!Thecoronaviruspandemichasputthefutureofcinemasunderthespotlight.Somehavehadtoclosebecauseofreducedticketsales.IntheUK,it’sbroughtaboutasurgeinTVwatchingandonlinestreaming.It’sreportedthathalfofUKadultswillkeepandcontinueusingtheirnewstreamingsubscriptions.Thisisn’tgreatnewsforcinemas.Theyrelyonthereleaseofabigblockbustertobringthecrowdsback,butthelaunchofnewfilms,suchasJamesBond:NoTimeToDie,arebeingdelayed.Disneyhasreleasedits$200mblockbuster,Mulan,onlineinsteadofinmovietheatres.JohnFithian,fromtheNationalAssociationofTheatreOwners,toldVarietymagazine:“Thisideaofwaitingoutthepandemictomakeyourmoviesmoreprofitabledoesn’tmakesensetome.Therewon’tbeasmuchofanindustrylefttoplayyourmoviesinifyoudothat.”5．What’smainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?A．Whypeopledon’tliketogotothecinema.B．Whathashelpedcinemasmakeacomeback.C．Howcinemashavedevelopedinthelastfewyears.D．Whethercinemascanremainpopularinthefuture.6．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwatchingfilmsathome?A．Itcanhardlysuitalldifferenttastes. B．It’stime-consumingduetodistractions.C．Itoffersavarietyoffilmsfreeofcharge. D．It’snotasenjoyableanexperienceasgoingtocinemas.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surge”inparagraph4mean?A．Suddenincrease. B．Short-termbenefit.C．potentialinfluence. D．Fiercecompetition.8．WhichviewwouldJohnFithianagreewith?A．Thereleaseofblockbusterscannotbringthecrowdsback.B．Thepandemichasn’thadagreateffectonthefilmindustry.C．Delayingthereleaseofblockbusterscanbringinmoreprofits.D．Releasingfilmsonlineisanalternativeduringthepandemic.3.（2021秋·吉林长春·高三长春吉大附中实验学校校考阶段练习）Ifyouwereborninthe2000s,youarecalledtheoh-ohs.The21stcentury.Thatwouldmakeyouyoung,creative,connected,global,andnodoubtsmart.Maybegood-looking,too.Right?Butwhatdootherpeoplethinkaboutyourgeneration?Someadultsworrythatyou’remoreinterestedinthescreeninfrontofyouthantheworldaroundyou.Theythinkofyouasthe“face-downgeneration”becauseyouuseyourphonesomuchandtheywonderhowyouwilldealwithschool,friends,andfamily.Aretoday’steenagerstoobusytextingandtakingselfiestobecomesuccessfulinreallife?Otheradultsworrythattoday’syoutharespoilt(溺爱)anddon’twanttofacethechallengesofadultlife.Manychildrenborninthe1990sand2000swereraisedby“helicopterparents”whowerealwaystheretoguideandhelpthemwithabusyschedulefilledwithhomeworkandafter-schoolactivitiessuchasdancing,drawing,orsports.Withparentswhodoeverythingforthem,today’syouthseemtoprefertoliveliketeenagersevenwhentheyareintheir20sor30s.Doestheface-downgenerationneedaheads-up?Well,probablynot.Thefactisthatmanyoftoday’steenagersarebettereducatedandmorecreativethanpastgenerations.Theyseemtobewillingtobecomeleaders.Moreyoungpeoplethanevervolunteertohelptheircommunities.TherearealsobraveyoungpeoplesuchasMalalaYousafzai,theteenagerwhowonthe2014NobelPeacePrizeforpushinggirls’rightstogotoschool.Soifyou’reoneoftheoh-ohs,there’sreasontobehopefulaboutthefuture.Thingsarelookingupfortheface-downgeneration.ChancesarethatyouwilldoGR8(great)andLOL(laughoutloud).9．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Toshowapublicconcern. B．Tostartadebate.C．Toexplainascientificterm. D．Tointroducethetopic.10．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingmayworrysomeadults?A．Oh-ohs’pooreyesight. B．Oh-ohs’tightschedules.C．Oh-ohs’lackofindependence. D．Oh-ohs’strongcreativity.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“heads-up”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Earlywarning. B．Warmwelcome.C．Effectivemedicine. D．Sincereencouragement.12．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Theauthorisoneoftheoh-ohs. B．Oh-ohsarelikelytohaveabrightfuture.C．Oh-ohswillspendlesstimeonphones. D．Oh-ohswillmeetmorechallengesthanadults.4.（2021·江苏常州·常州高级中学校考二模）Doyoulikewritingafewparagraphseverydayaboutyourexperiences,hopes,memoriesorfeelings?Ifyoudon't,it'stimetomakeachangenow.Hereiswhy.Youwillgraduallybecomebetteratexpressingyourself.WhenIamforcedtowriteeverydaybecauseofabookdeadline(最后期限),Iamalwaysamazedathowquicklymywritingandverbal(口头的)communicationskillsimprove.Whenwebecomelazywithwords,itismoredifficulttodescribefeelings,shareexperiencesandmakeourselvesunderstood.Youwillrememberthingslongforgotten.Asyouwriteaboutmemories,itislikeopeninganoldphotoalbum.Yourpenbeginstoexplorefeelingsanddetailsyouhaveforgotten,anddreamsyouhaveleftbehind.Yousuddenlyrememberpeopleyouwouldliketocontactagain.Writingisanactivitythatavoidsdistractions(分心)longenoughforyoutoexplorethosewonderfulmomentsofthepast.Sometimestheyarefrightening.Sometimestheyarewonderfulandalmostalwaystheyarehelpful.Writingaboutdailyexperiencesandfeelingsprovidesarecordedhistorythatwillinfluencehowyoumakefuturedecisions.There'sareasonthatthegreatestleadersinhistorywerestudentsofhistory.Theylearnedfromwhathadhappenedbefore.Yourhistoryisimportant.Don'tletitbeforgotten.Writingremindsyouofyourdreamsandkeepsyoumovingtowardthem.Itisameansofkeepingtrackofyourpurposeandthegoalsthatwillleadyoutoachievethem.Reviewingwhatyouhavewrittenisaperfectwaytoseeyourprogressandtoshowwhenyouhavebeendistractedandmayneedtogiveallyourattentionagaintoyourwriting.Writingalittleeverydaycouldprovidethematerialthatsomedaybecomesapublishedbook.WhenIwroteaboutmyfour-year-oldgranddaughterwhohadlostinthemountains,Ineverdreameditwouldbeinabook.13．WhatdidtheauthorwanttoshowbygivingtheexampleinParagraph2?A．Weshouldn'tbelazywithwords.B．Adeadlineencouragesustoworkhard.C．Writinghelpsusbetterexpressourselves.D．There'regoodwaystoimproveourwritingskills,14．AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdoeswritinghelpusdo?A．Improveourmemoryquickly. B．Thinkofourpastexperiences.C．Successfullyachieveourdreams. D．Explorehappymomentsinothers'lives.15．WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytellaboutwriting?A．Itcanbeencouraging. B．Itcanbedistracting.C．Itcanbedisappointing. D．Itcanbeinteresting.16．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A．Totellhowtopublishbooksoneday.B．Toexplainwhytheauthorloveswriting.C．Totellhowtoimproveourwritingskills.D．Toencourageustowriteaboutourliveseveryday.5.（2022·上海闵行·统考一模）Buildinggoodtransportationisagoodidea.Tohaveenvironmentalvalue,newtransportationhastosufficientlyreplaceoreliminatedrivingtocutenergyconsumptionoverall.Thatmeansthatanewtrafficsystemhastobesupportedbyreductionincaruse.Trafficlanesshouldbeeliminatedorconvertedintobikeorbuslanes.Ideally,theseshouldbecombinedwithhigherfueltaxes,andparkingfees.Needlesstosay,Ihavetostruggletomakemyselfextensivelyunderstood.Butthey’renecessary,becauseyoucan’tmakepeopledriveless,inthelongrun,bytakingstepsthatmakedrivingmorepleasant,economical,andproductive.Lengthycommuting(通勤)timeisaforcefulfactorwhichcanslowthegrowthofsuburbs.Thefartherpeopleliveawayfromcities,thelongercommutingtimetheyneed,whichmeansmorepollutiontheircarsproduce.If,inamisguidedefforttodosomethingofenvironmentalvalue,governmentstakestepsthatmakelong-distancecarcommutingfasterormoreconvenient—byaddinglanes,buildingbypass,employingtraffic-controlmeasuresthatmakeitpossibleforexistingroadstoaccommodatemorecarswithfewerdelays—weareactuallyencouragingpeopletolivestillfartherfromtheirjobs,stores,andschools.Asaresult,governmentsareforcedtofurtherextendroadnetworks,waterlines,andotherfacilities.Ifyoucutcommutingtimeby10percent,peoplewhonowdrivefiftymileseachwaytoworkcanfindreasontomovefivemilesfartherout,becausetheirtraveltimewon’tchange.Trafficcongestion(拥堵)isn’tanenvironmentalproblem;trafficis.Relievingcongestionwithoutdoinganythingtoreducethetotalvolumeofcarscanonlymaketherealproblemworse.Highwayengineershaveknownforalongtimethatbuildingnewcarlanesonlytemporarilyreducescongestion,becausethenewlanesaddadditionaldriving.Wideningroadsmakestrafficmovefasterintheshortterm,buttheimprovedconditionseventuallyattractadditionaldrivers,andcongestionreappears.Withmorecarontheroads,peoplethinkaboutwideningroadsagain.Movingdriversoutofcarsandintootherformsoftransportationcanhavethesameeffect,ifexistingtrafficlanesarekeptinservice:roadspacestimulatesroaduse.Oneoftheargumentsthatcitiesinevitablymakeinpromotingtransportationplansisthatthenewsystem,byrelievingautomobilecongestion,willimprovethelivesofthosewhocontinuetodrive.Nooneeverpromotesatransportationsystembyarguingthatitwouldmaketravellinglessconvenient—eventhough,fromanenvironmentalperspective,inconvenienttravelisaworthygoal.17．Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorgivesusthehintthathisrecommendationsare______.A．notwidelysupported B．costlytocarryoutC．generallyrecognized D．temporarilybeneficial18．Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenifcommutingtimefordriversisreduced?A．Driverswillbecomemoreproductiveemployees.B．Masstransportationwillbeextendedfartherintosuburbanareas.C．Driverswillbemorewillingtolivefartherfromtheirworkingplace.D．Masstransportationwillcarryfewerpassengersandreceivelessgovernmentfunding.19．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredabouttheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemeasurestoimprovetraffic?A．Theyareenvironmentallybeneficialandshouldbecarriedoutimmediately.B．Theyarewellintentionedbutultimatelyleadtoenvironmentalharm.C．Theywilldefinitelyarousepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.D．Theywillonlyworkiftheycanmakedrivingmoreeconomicalandproductive.20．Theauthorwrotethismassagemainlyto______.A．supporttheclaimthateffortstoreducetrafficactuallyincreasetraffic.B．opposethebeliefthatimprovingmasstransportationsystemsisgoodfortheenvironment.C．provideabalancebetweensuburbanexpansionandtrafficcongestion.D．indicatethatmakingdrivinglessagreeableisawaytoreducenegativeeffectsoftraffic.6.（2022秋·河北邯郸·高三校联考阶段练习）Lastsummer,StevenEatonreceivedmorethan200youngpeopleonhisorganicfarm.Noneofthemsaidthattheywantedtomakemoneyfromfarming.Someofthemdescribeditasakindofprotestagainsttheideathatsuccessmeansabigpaycheckandmanytookitasameanstoprotecttheenvironment.StevenEatonunderstandssuchidealists(理想主义者)andhewasoneofthemaboutadecadeago.In2010,hewasinalawschoolinWashington,DC,butnotenjoyingitmuch.ThenheappliedtoworkonafarminWestVirginiainsummer.“IfeltlostwhenIwasinthecity.It’sinthefieldthatIfoundpeaceandharmonyinmylife,”recallsEaton,whonowrunsanorganicfarmclosetoNewYorkCity.“SoIwentbacktoWestVirginiaaftergraduation.”Farming—theindependenceandtheconnectiontosomethingasrealassoilandfood—wastheonethingthathewantedtothrowhimselfinto.Andhe’sbeendoingiteversince.Butitwasn’talwaysabighappyfolkdance.“IhadalotoffailuresinthefirstcoupleofyearsandIdidn’treallyknowwhatIwasdoing,”helaughs.Eventually,helearnedtoberealisticaboutfarming.“It’sgoodtobeanidealist.Butifyou’regoingtostickwithit,andexpecttomakealivingatit,you’vegottoberealisticaboutthebusinessaspects:Money,managingmoney,borrowingmoney,andallthethingsthatabusinesspersonhastodo.Youhavetolearntolikethatandbewillingtobegoodatthat.Thatmayevenmeanburningalittlemorefossilfuel,soyoucangetyourproducetocities,wherepeoplepayhigherprices.”Thatsenseoffarmingasapracticalformofidealismisprobablythebiggestthingtheyoungpeoplehavetolearn.Whenyou’refarming,youhavetoputsurvivalfirst.21．Whydidmanyoftheyoungpeoplewanttobecomefarmers?A．Tomakealotofmoney. B．Toapplytheirlearningtopractice.C．Toprotecttheenvironment. D．Tostudythepollutioninagriculture.22．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStevenEatonasalawstudent?A．Idealistic. B．Realistic. C．Selfless. D．Successful.23．WhatmessagedoesStevenEatonwanttoconveytotheyoungpeople?A．Putenvironmentbeforeprofit.B．Berealisticaboutthebusinessaspects.C．Sticktoyouridealismforever.D．Findamucheasierjobthanfarming.24．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofStevenEaton’sadvice?A．Outdated. B．Useless. C．Funny. D．Valuable.7.（2022·天津·一模）Howoftenonehearschildrenwishingtheyweregrownup,andoldpeoplewishingtheywereyoungagain.Eachagehasitspleasuresanditspains,andthehappiestpersonistheonewhoenjoyswhateachagegiveshimwithoutwastinghistimeinuselessregrets.Childhoodisatimewhentherearefewresponsibilitiestomakelifedifficult.Ifachildhasgoodparents,heisfed,lookedafterandloved,whateverhemaydo.Itisimpossiblethathewilleveragaininhislifebegivensomuchwithouthavingtodoanythinginreturn.Inaddition,lifeisalwayspresentingnewthingstothechild—thingsthathavelosttheirinterestforolderpeoplebecausetheyaretoowell-known.Butachildhashisparents,heisnotsofreetodowhathewishestodo;heiscontinuallybeingtoldnottodothingsorbeingpunishedforwhathehasdonewrong.Whentheyoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayforhisfood,hisclothes,andhisroom,buthastoworkifhewantstolivecomfortably.Ifhespendsmostofhistimeplayingaboutinthewaythatheusedtoasachild,hewillgohungry.Andifhebreaksthelawsofsocietyasheusedtobreakthelawsofhisparents,hemaygotoprison.If,however,heworkshard,keepsoutoftroubleandhasgoodhealth,hecanhavethegreathappinessofbuildingupforhimselfhisownpositioninsociety.25．Accordingtothesecondparagraph,thewriterthinksthat_______.A．onlychildrenareinterestedinlifeB．lifeforachildiscomparativelyeasyC．achildisalwayslovedwhateverhedoesD．ifmuchisgiventoachild,hemustdosomethinginreturn26．Afterachildgrowsup,he________.A．willhavelittletimeplayingB．hastobesuccessfulinfindingajobC．canstillaskforhelpintimeoftroubleD．shouldbeabletotakecareofhimself27．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Peopleareoftensatisfiedwiththeirlife.B．Lifeislessinterestingforoldpeople.C．Adultsarefreertodowhattheywanttodo.D．Adultsshouldnolongerrelyonothers.28．Themainideaofthepassageis_________.A．lifeisnotenjoyablesinceeachagehassomepainsB．youngmencanhavethegreatesthappinessiftheyworkhardC．childhoodisthemoreenjoyabletimeinone’slifeD．oneisthehappiestifhecanmakegooduseofeachageinhislife29．Theparagraphfollowingthispassagewillmostprobablydiscuss_________.A．examplesofsuccessfulyoungmenB．howtobuildupone’spositioninsocietyC．pleasuresandpainsofoldpeopleD．whattodowhenonehasproblemsinlife8.（2022·全国·一模）ImajorinMechanicalEngineeringandPoliticalScience.WhensomeonehearswhatIstudy,I’musuallymeantwithtworeactions.Firstupisasmallsmilewiththeword“overachiever”onthetipoftheirtongue.Thesecondisalookofconfusion,followedbyanexaggerated(夸张的)“why?”.Theshortanswer:Iwanttobeaproblemsolver,andengineeringteachesmehowtobecomethattypeofperson.Inaddition,Ialsowanttobeabletolookatthebiggerpicture.It’sthebeginningofanewyear,andalotoffirst-yearshaveplansfordoubleortriplemajors.However,asmostofusquicklyrealizeafterthatfirstfallsemester,collegeisalot!Weareunavoidablyforcedtomakechoices—dowekeeptryingtomakeourdoubleortriplemajorsworkordowecompletelyswitchgears?ThethingIwishedsomeonetoldmeondayoneisifyou’repassionateaboutsomething,it’snotgoingtofeellikework.PoliticalSciencecanbechallenging,buttome,it’sfuntoreadtheConstitution(宪法)andseetheimpacteachwordhasonourinterpretation.Thismaysoundhardtoaccept,butifyouaredoubleortriplemajoringbecauseyouthinkyou’reinaracewithyourpeers,you’reonlyrunningyourselfintotheground.Don’tdoubleortriplemajorifyouaredoingitforamarkonyourresume(简历),becausethenyourlifewillbealivinghellforthenextfouryears.Whatisgoingtomakeyouimpressiveisthepassionthatyouhave—whetheritbeinyourstudy,career,orsomethingelseyourcareerandstudywillenableyoutodo.Alwaysthinkaboutyour“why”whenitcomestothescheduleadoubleortriplemajorentails.Becauseattheendoftheday,it’sgoingtobeyoudoingthehomework—sotrytoenjoywhatyou’redoingalongtherideforwhatit’sworth.30．Howdopeopletendtofeelaboutthewriter’smajors?A．Impressedorpuzzled. B．Ashamedorchallenged.C．Satisfiedorconfused. D．Amazedorconcerned.31．WhatenablesthewritertoenjoylearningPoliticalScience?A．ThevalueofstudyingtheConstitution.B．Theinfluenceoflearningengineering.C．Hiscareerplanningforthefuture.D．Hisenthusiasmforthemajor.32．Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesmultiplemajors’hardsituationincollege?A．Adjustingthescheduleformajorsconstantly.B．Pursuingmultiplemajorsoutofcompetitivemotivation.C．Makingrandomchoiceswithoutsufficientconsideration.D．Estimatingthedifficultyofmultiplemajoringinaccurately.33．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A．Topromotetheconceptofmultiplemajoring.B．Toexplainthereasonsforchoosingadoublemajor.C．Tocomparethegainsandlossesofmultiplemajoring.D．Tostressthesignificanceofpassioninmultiplemajoring.9.（2022·广东·华南师大附中校考一模）Quantum(量子)computershavebeenonmymindalotlately.Afriendhasbeensendingmearticlesonhowquantumcomputersmighthelpsolvesomeofthebiggestchallengeswefaceashumans.I’vealsohadexchangeswithtwoquantum-computingexperts.OneiscomputerscientistChrisJohnsonwhoIseeassomeonewhohelpskeepthefieldhonest.TheotherisphysicistPhilipTaylor.Fordecades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittlemorethanalaboratorycuriosity.Now,bigtechcompanieshaveinvestedinquantumcomputing,ashavemanysmallerones.AccordingtoBusinessWeekly,quantummachinescouldhelpus“curecancer,andeventakestepstotunclimatechangeintheoppositedirection.”Thisisthesortofhype(炒作)thatannoysJohnson.Heworriesthatresearchersaremakingpromisestheycan’tkeep."What’snew,”Johnsonwrote,“isthatmillionsofdollarsarenowpotentiallyavailabletoquantumcomputingresearchers.”Asquantumcomputingattractsmoreattentionandfunding,researchersmaymisleadinvestors,journalists,thepublicand,worstofall,themselvesabouttheirwork’spotential.Ifresearcherscan’t

keeptheirpromises,excitementmightgivewaytodoubt,disappointmentandanger,Johnsonwarns.Lotsofothertechnologieshavegonethroughstagesofexcitement.Butsomethingaboutquantum

computingmakesitespeciallypronetohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhapsbecause“quantum”standsforsomethingcoolyoushouldn’tbeabletounderstand.AndthatbringsmebacktoTaylor,whosuggestedthatIreadhisbookQforQuantum.AfterIreadthebook,Taylorpatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutit.HealsoansweredmyquestionsaboutPyQuantum,thefirmheco-foundedin2016.TaylorsharesJohnson’sconcernsabouthype.buthesaysthoseconcernsdonotapplytoPyQuantum.Thecompany,hesays,iscloserthananyotherfirm“byaverylargemargin(幅度)”tobuildinga“useful”quantumcomputer,onethat“solvesanimpactfulproblemthatwewouldnothavebeenabletosolveotherwise.”Headds,“Peoplewillnaturallydiscountmyopinions,butIhavespentalotoftimequantitativelycomparingwhatwearedoingwithothers.”CouldPyQuantumreallybeleadingallthecompetition“byawidemargin”,asTaylorclaims?Idon’tknow.I’mcertainlynotgoingtoadvisemyfriendoranyoneelsetoinvestinquantumcomputers.ButItrustTaylor,justasItrustJohnson.34．HowdoestheauthorfeelsaboutTobnson’sconcerns?A．Approving. B．Unconcerned C．Doubtful. D．Excited.35．WhatleadstoTaylor’soptimismaboutquantumcomputing?A．Hisdominanceinphysics. B．Thecompetitioninthefield.C．HisconfidenceinPyQuantum. D．Theinvestmentoftechcompanies.36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prone”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A．Open. B．Cool. C．Useful. D．Resistant.37．Whichwouldbethebesttideforthepassage?A．IsJohnsonMoreCompetentThanTaylor?B．IsQuantumComputingRedefiningTechnology?C．WillQuantumComputersEverComeintoBeing?D．WillQuantunComputingEverLiveUptoItsHype?10.（2022·浙江·模拟预测）It’snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightfulmagazinecoverstory“IloveMyChildren,IHateMyLife”isarousingmuchchatter—nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatbringingupachildisnotacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbeextremelyhard,Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinth