【冲刺2021】2021届高三英语总复习(高考模拟专版)汇编：C单元-阅读理解(C8-科普知识类)

C8科普学问类【英语卷·2022届江苏省徐州市第一中学（徐州市）高三考前模拟（202205）】C8Grasshoppersarehavingtochangetheirsong—oneoftheiconicsoundsofsummer—tomakethemselvesheardabovethenoiseofroadtraffic,ecologistshavediscovered.Thestudy,publishedintheBritishEcologicalSociety'sjournalFunctionalEcology,isthefirsttoshowthathuman-madenoiseaffectsnaturalinsectpopulations.Animalsusesoundtocommunicateformanyreasons,includingmarkingoutterritory,warningofpredatorsandfindingmates,andalthoughpreviousresearchshowsbirds,whalesandevenfrogschangetheircallsinnoisyenvironments,theimpactofhuman-madenoiseoninsectshasbeenneglecteduntilnow.UlrikeLampeandcolleaguesfromtheUniversityofBielefeldinGermanycaught188malebow-wingedgrasshoppers,halffromquietlocationsandhalffrombesidebusyroads.Thegrasshoppersusetheirsongtoattractmates.

Theteamthenstudiedthedifferencesinthetwogroups'songsinthelaboratory.Toencouragethemtosingtheyexposedthemalestoafemalegrasshopper,andthenrecordedtheircourtshipsongs.Analysisofalmost1,000recordingsrevealedgrasshopperslivingbesidenoisyroadsproduceddifferentsongstothoselivinginquieterlocations.

AccordingtoLampe:"Bow-wingedgrasshoppersproducesongsthatincludelowandhighfrequencycomponents.Wefoundthatgrasshoppersfromnoisyhabitatsincreasethevolumeofthelower-frequencypartoftheirsong,whichmakessensesinceroadnoisecanmasksignalsinthispartofthefrequencyspectrum(频谱)."

Theteam'sfindingsareimportantbecausetrafficnoisecouldbeupsettingthegrasshopper'smatingsystem(交配系统)."Increasednoiselevelscouldaffectgrasshoppercourtshipinseveralways.Itcouldpreventfemalesfromhearingmalecourtshipsongsproperly,preventfemalesfromrecognisingmalesoftheirownspecies,orimpairfemales'abilitytoestimatehowattractiveamaleisfromhissong,"Lampeexplains.

Havingdiscoveredthathuman-madenoiseaffectsinsectcommunication,theresearchersnowwanttolearnmoreabouthowthemechanismworks,andwhetherthegrasshoppersadapttonoiseduringtheirdevelopmentaslarvae（幼虫）,orwhethermalesfromnoisyhabitatsproducedifferentsongsduetogeneticdifferences.

Thebow-wingedgrasshopperisacommonspeciesinCentralEurope.AdultsoccurmainlybetweenJulyandSeptember,preferringdrygrasslands.Around1.5cmlong,theyvaryincolourfromgreenandbrownstoredandpurple.Themale'ssongconsistsof2second-longphrasesthatincreaseinamplitude(振幅)towardstheend.Thebeginningofaphraseischaracterisedbyslowertickingsoundsthatincreaseinspeedandamplitude,leadingtoabuzzingsoundtowardstheendofthephrase.Acourtshipsongusuallyincludes2phrases.63.Theauthorwrotethearticleto_________________.A.introducehowgrasshoppersmakenoisestoattractmates.B.raisetheawarenessofprotectingbow-wingedgrasshoppers.C.informusofarecentdiscoveryofecologicalresearch.D.warnusthathuman-madenoisehaschangedecologicalsystem.64.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethemainideaofthepassage?A.Bow-wingedgrasshoppersusetheirsongstocommunicate.B.Grasshopperschangetheirsongstoadapttothenoisyenvironment.C.Grasshoppers’songsincludebothlowandhighfrequencycomponents.D.Bow-wingedgrasshoppersareacommonspeciesinCentralEurope.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impair”inthefourthparagraphmean?A.repairB.developC.weakenD.improve66.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingthepassage?A.Roadnoisecancoverthelower-frequencypartoftheirsong.B.Animalsmakesoundsonlyforthepurposeoffindingmates.C.Grasshopperlarvaelearntoadapttohuman-madenoise.D.Bow-wingedgrasshoppersgrowupintoadultsinspring.【答案】63.C解析：写作意图依据第Thestudy,publishedintheBritishEcologicalSociety'sjournalFunctionalEcology,isthefirsttoshowthathuman-madenoiseaffectsnaturalinsectpopulations.可知目的是向我们介绍一个争辩成果，故选C项。64.B解析：细节理解题。依据第一段提到Thestudy,publishedintheBritishEcologicalSociety'sjournalFunctionalEcology,isthefirsttoshowthathuman-madenoiseaffectsnaturalinsectpopulations.可知选B项。65.C解析：细节理解题。依据第四段提到Itcouldpreventfemalesfromhearingmalecourtshipsongsproperly,preventfemalesfromrecognisingmalesoftheirownspecies,orimpairfemales'abilitytoestimatehowattractiveamaleisfromhissong假如阻挡雄性听到雌性的歌曲，或减弱他们的力气来评估一下雌性对雄性的吸引力，故选C项。66.A解析：细节推断题。依据第三段提到Wefoundthatgrasshoppersfromnoisyhabitatsincreasethevolumeofthelower-frequencypartoftheirsong,whichmakessensesinceroadnoisecanmasksignalsinthispartofthefrequencyspectrum(频谱)."可知选A项。【解析英语卷·2022届湖南省长沙市高考模拟试卷（二模）试题（202204）】C8Humansaren’ttheonlyonesgettingabuzzfromcoffee.Caffeinecanimprovememoryamonghoneybeesandleadtobetterpollination(授粉).AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedinthejournalScience.ThestudywasconductedbyateamofresearchersatNewcastleUniversityintheUnitedKingdom.Theyfoundthatthenectar(花蜜)ofsomeflowers,suchasthosefromgrapefruitandlemonplants,aswellascertaincoffeeflowers,containslowdosesofcaffeine.Togetbeestofeedontheseflowers,theteamtrainedtheinsectstoassociatefoodwiththesmelloftheflowers.Theyalsotrainedanothergroupofbeestofeedonnectarfromflowersthatweresweetenedwithasugar,butdidnotcontaincaffeine.After24hours,thebeestrainedoncaffeinatedflowersreturnedtotheseplantsthreetimesasoftenasthosetrainedonthesweetenedflowersreturnedtotheuncaffeinatedplants.ProfessorGeraldineWrightledtheresearchers.“Rememberingfloraltraits(花部特征)isdifficultforbeestoperformatafastpaceastheyflyfromflowertoflowerandwefoundthatcaffeinehelpsthebeerememberwheretheflowersare,”Wrightsaidinastatement.Improvedmemoryledtothebetterpollination.That’sbecauseoncebeessipthecaffeinenectar,theycontinuetolookformorecoffeeplantstopollinate.Thisalsosuggeststhatcaffeineplaysaroleinimprovingthebees’abilitytosearchforfood.Researchersfoundthatcaffeine’seffectonthebeebrainissimilartoitseffectonmammals.“Thechangeissimilartothatproducedbycaffeineinneurons(神经元)”associatedwithlearningandmemoryintheratbrain,”Wrightsaid.56.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?A.Caffeinehasnoeffectontheratbrain.B.Beepopulationhasbeenincreasing.C.Thenectaroflemonplantscontainscaffeine.D.Beesdislikenectarfromsweetenedflowers.解析：细节题。依据其次段其次句话：Theyfoundthatthenectar(花蜜)ofsomeflowers,suchasthosefromgrapefruitandlemonplants,aswellascertaincoffeeflowers,containslowdosesofcaffeine.可以推断答案选C。技巧点拨：细节题确定要依据选项和题干定位出文章中的具体依据，然后进行认真比对。正确选项就是对原文的同义改写或替换。57.Afterreadingthepassage,John,whoworksinthefarmingindustry,willprobablyfeel________.A.annoyed B.angry C.nervous D.excited解析：态度推断题，依据文章最终一段可知，蜜蜂对生态和农业生产有比较大的影响，所以当John读完这篇文章后当然是excited了，生活有期望了。选D。技巧点拨：作者的态度倾憧憬往隐含在文章中，而不会明确说明，因此态度倾向题也是比较有难度的推理推断题型。这类题目一般分为两类：一是作者对某一具体事物的观点、看法；另一类是作者对某一人、物的评价。谈论文或记叙文往往考查作者的态度倾向。假如是论文，应当抓住作者的论点和论据；假如是记叙文，应当特殊留意作者总结性的文字(文章最终，所提事物描述的后面)。58.Whichofthefollowingrelationshipiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.improvedmemory—caffeinenectar—betterpollinationB.caffeinenectar—improvedmemory—betterpollinationC.improvedmemory—betterpollination—caffeinenectarD.caffeinenectar—betterpollination—improvedmemory解析：细节排序题，查看先后挨次，依据第三段（caffeinehelpsthebeerememberwheretheflowersare,）、和第四段第一句话（Improvedmemoryledtothebetterpollination.），可知答案选B。技巧点拨：细节题确定要依据选项和题干定位出文章中的具体依据，然后进行认真比对。从而确定挨次。59.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A.theratisamammal B.caffeinehasnothingtodowithmemoryC.beesaregoodatrememberingfloraltraits D.GeraldineWrightdidtheresearchonhisown解析：细节推断题，依据文章第五段第一话中caffeine’seffectonthebeebrainissimilartoitseffectonmammals.后面又列举了rat的例子，那么就格外自然的选A了，老鼠是哺乳动物。技巧点拨：细节推断题必需找到具体的依据，然后再此基础上进行推断，防止无端推断或推断过头。60.Whatsectionofanewspapermaythispassagebetakenfrom?A.Science B.Education C.Culture D.Sports解析：推断题，依据文章内容Caffeinecanimprovememoryamonghoneybeesandleadtobetterpollination(授粉).可以推断选A。技巧点拨：主要依据文章内容，题材，进行推断。【英语卷·2022届安徽省合肥市高三其次次教学质量检测】C8C（2022·Eyeglassescorrectmanydifferenttypesofsightproblems,includingnearsightedness,farsightednessorastigmatism(散光).Tryingtounderstandthosedifferentnumbersonaneyeglassprescription(验光单)requiresunderstandingthemeasurementsoptometrists(验光师)usewhenfittingyouforcorrectivelenses(镜片).Diopters(屈光度)Thenumbersonyourprescriptionaregivenindiopters,whoseshortformis"D".Itisusedtomeasurethefocusingpower,oramountofcorrection.O.S.andO.D.OptometristsusetheLatinshortformO.S.andO.D.todistinguishbetweenyoureyes.O.S.referstoyourlefteye,whileO.D.referstotherighteye.Generally,yourprescriptionwillshowanumberforO.S.andO.D.(givenindiopters).Thefartherthisnumberisonanumberlinefromzero,themorecorrectionyoureyeglassesshouldprovide.Aplussignmeanstheeyeisfarsighted,whileaminussignmeanstheeyeisnearsighted.SphericalValueThisplusorminusnumberforeacheyeiscalledthesphericalvalue,orthedegreeofnearsightednessorfarsightednessyouhave.Itsshortformis"S."CylinderIfyouhaveanastigmatism,theoptometristwillalsomeasureitsdegree.Thehigherthenumber(givenindiopters)markedasthecylinderofastigmatism,(itsshortformis"C"),themoreastigmatismthereisinthateye.AxisAnastigmatismisalsomeasuredintermsofitsaxis,whichisanumberbetween0and180.Theaxisoftheastigmatismdoesnotrelatetotheamountofcylinder,justthelocationoftheirregularityoftheastigmatismonthatparticulareye.64.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,varioussightproblems______.A.shouldbeunderstoodbythepatientsB.canbeavoidedbywearingcorrectivelensesC.shouldbetestedbydifferentoptometristsD.canbecorrectedbywearingeyeglasses65.Ifyouneedapairofcorrectivelenses,theoptometristwillfirstvaluethenumbersof______.A.Diopters B.SphericalValue C.Cylinder D.Axis66.FromtheprescriptionabovewecanlearnthatLiHua______.A.isfarsighted B.isnearsighted C.hasnoastigmatism D.isnormalinsight67.Thetextisprobablytakenfrom______.A.aneducationreport B.aschoolbulletinC.alocalnewspaper D.anencyclopedia(百科全书)【文章解读】文章介绍了怎样看验光师处方上面的符号和数字是什么含义，让人们更好的了解自己的眼镜，从而配一副适合自己的眼镜。64.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】D第一段第一句Eyeglassescorrectmanydifferenttypesofsightproblems.很多不同类型的眼睛问题都可以通过带眼镜矫正过来。.直接选D65.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】A其次段Thenumbersonyourprescriptionaregivenindiopters,可直接选A。66.【学问点】推断推理题【答案解析】B依据第四段最终一句Aplussignmeanstheeyeisfarsighted,whileaminussignmeanstheeyeisnearsighted.加号是远视，减号是近视。李华的处方中Os和Od的数据都是减号，可知李华是近视。选B67.【学问点】文章出处题【答案解析】D文章介绍了怎样看验光师处方上面的符号和数字是什么含义，让人们更好的了解自己的眼镜，从而配一副适合自己的眼镜。可知百科全书。选D【英语卷·2022届黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高三考前模拟冲刺（202205）解析】C8BItisgenerallybelievedthatwearegettingcleanedwhenwestepunderashower.Weare,butwe’realsogivingahometolotsoftinylittlecreatureswedidn’tevenknowabout.Ashowerheadcarriesthousandsofbacteria(细菌)calledMycobacterium.Thesecancauseproblemslikecoughsandtiredness,andageneralfeelingofbeingsick.Whenyouturnonthewater,thebacteriagofromtheshowerheadontoandintoyourbody.

ThisisafindingofNormanR.PaceandhisteamattheUniversityofColorado,intheUS.Pace’steamlookedat45showerheadsinnineAmericancities.Theydiscoveredthat30percentofthemhadlargeamountsofflyingMycobacterium.ButPacesaidthattheyposefewthreatstothehealth．Onlythosewithaweakimmunesystemmightneedtoworry．HetoldtheNewYorkTimesthatthebacteriaarenotasunpleasantasmightbethought．Hesaidthathavingashowerisnomoredangerousthananythingelsewedointhemorning．Butforthosewhofeelsickabouttheideaofallthosemicroorganisms(微生物),hehadsomeadvice.Letthewaterrunfor30secondsbeforegettingintotheshower.Why?Thenumberofbacteriaissmallerthanthatwhenthewaterisjustturnedon.Ifthatseemslikeawasteofwater,headdedthatyoucouldalsochangeyourshowerheadeveryfewmonths.

However,Pacehadgoodnews,too.HehasalsobeentestingtheairinUSsubways.Apartfromironparticles(粒子),whicharegroundoffthetrackbythewheelsoftrains,subwayairisfresh.Thereasonisthatatrain’smovementpumpsfreshoutdoorairintothetunnels.

25.FromthefindingofNormanR.Pace,aftertakingashower,wemightcoughorfeeltiredbecause_______.A.it’seasytogetacoldwhentakingabath. B.theshowerheadcarriesmanybacteriacausingillnessC.wedon’tgetcleanedwhileshowering D.wedon’tgetaweakimmunesystem26.Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A.havingashowerinthemorningismoredangerousthanatothertimeB.thebacteriaalwaysthreatpeople’shealthwhenpeoplehaveashowerC.peoplewithstrongimmunesystemneedn’tfearmicroorganismsD.itisbettertodosomeexerciseinthemorningthanhaveashower27.Theunderlinedword“pose”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“________”.A.givebirthto B.takechargeof C.watchoutfor D.getawaywith28.WhatleadstofreshairinUSsubways

?A.Thetrain’smovement. B.Ironparticles.C.Trainwheels. C.Airconditionersonthetrains.【英语卷·2022届重庆市高三考前模拟试题（202204）word版解析】C8EWhatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocietiesinwhichwelive.Agreatmanypeoplebelieve,however,thattheprogressofcivilizationdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstoftheseistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofappliedknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop,throughwhichweimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heusesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum(光谱).Heisalwaysskeptical--hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable--andthereforerejectsauthorityastheonlybasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytotestthem.Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.52.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,manypeopleholdtheviewthatA.scientistsfromdifferentfieldshavedifferentscientificattitudesB.theattitudeofscientistscontributestothedevelopmentofsocietyC.theapplicationofscientificknowledgedeterminesscientificattitudeD.allmembersofasocietyshouldusescientificdiscoveriesintheirwork53.Whatcanweknowaboutcuriosity?A.Itprovidessuccessfulscientistssatisfactoryexplanation.B.Itgivesrisetoaninterestininterpersonalrelationship.C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections;D.Itencouragesscientiststolookfornewwaysofacting.54.AsuccessfulscientistwouldA.alwaysquestionuncheckedstatementsB.easilycooperatewithotherresearchersC.alwaysuseimaginationinhisworkD.rejecttheevidencefromtheauthority55.ThebesttidewouldbeA.TheApplicationofScienceB.TheNatureofAppliedScienceC.HowScientistsThinkandActD.HowCanWeDevelopScience【全品解析】E【文章解读】本文是一篇科普环保类说明文，说明白科学在社会中起着重要的作用，然而很多人认为，我们的进取取决于科学的两个不同的方面，第一个方面是机器的应用，产品学问，科学家和技术人人员开发系统。二是思想和行为为科学家在争辩中使用特殊方法的应用52.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】B由第一段第四Agreatmanypeoplebelieve,however,thattheprogressofcivilizationdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience..可以知道答案，故选B。53.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】C由其次段其次句Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,（排解A）andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationships（潜在的关系排解B）evenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.可以推出答案，故选C。54.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】A由第四段最终一句Heisalwaysskeptical--hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable可以知道答案，故选A。B、C没有提及rejectsauthority（拒绝权威）astheonlybasisfortruth由此可知D答案理解片面。选A55.【学问点】主旨大意题（标题确定题）【答案解析】C第一段最终一句thespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.其次段第一句Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?文章最终一句Theseseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.故选C。【考点点拨】这种题一般都可以在第一段与最终一段找到答案。很多时候是第一段第一句或最终一句。记叙文则多在最终一段。抓住段落或文章主题的捷径之一就是在段落或文章中查找主题句。主题句是指能表达或概况段落主题或文章主要内容的句子，通常是一个简洁、完整、具有概况性的句子，较多毁灭在说明文和谈论文中，而其他句子则围围着主题句开放进行说明解释或扩展。主题句在文中的位置:开门见山：提出主题细节支撑阐明主题段末点睛：细节描述归纳要点概括主题段中点旨：细节描述归纳主题进一步解释无主题句:考生需依据文章中所叙述的事实或供应的线索来概括和总结文章的大意【英语卷·2022届重庆市高三考前模拟试题（202204）word版解析】C8Werewolves(狼人)aren'ttheonlycreaturesthrownoffbythemoon'scycles.Afullmoonsubtlydisruptspeople'ssleep,reportsaSwissteamofscientists.Evenpeopledozing(打盹儿}l,)inalabwithoutwindowsexperiencedasmallshortfallinsleeponceamonth.Totestthemoon'seffect,33adultvolunteersofbothsexesandvariousagesspentseveralnightsinasleeplab.Astheydozed,researchersmonitoredtheirbrainactivity,eyemovementsandhormone(荷尔蒙)levels.Onnightsclosertoafullmoon,thesubjectstookanaverageoffiveminuteslongertofallasleep,andsleptfor20minutesless.Inaddition,brainactivitydecreasedby30percentduringthesleepstagethatthebrainnormallyusestorecoverfromitsdaylightwork.Andlevelsofmelatonin,thehormonethathelpscontrolsleepcycles,dropped.Onthesenights,thesleeperscomplainedofpoorsleepqualityeventhoughtheywereunawareofthelunarcycle.Onthebrightside,notasingleparticipantturnedintoawerewolf.Thesenewdatasuggestthemoon'scyclescansubtlyaffectsleepcycles.Theseinternalcyclesmaybesimilartotheroughly24-hourrhythmsdrivenbythebody'sinternal"clock".Onebigdifference:Thebody'sclockissetbysunlight.TheSwissteamdoesn'tknowhowthemoonaffectssleep.Thegravitationalattractionofthemooncausesoceantidestoriseandfall.Butthatforceistooweaktoaffectsleep,Cajochensays.Hesuspectssomeinternalbodyclockmaybetiedtothemooncycles.Lunarcycleshavebeennotedinseaanimalsthatkeeptrackofthetides.Theremaybeanotherexplanation,saysDavidDinges.ThissleepresearcherattheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiasaysthatthebodyclockisverysensitivetolightatnight.Volunteers'sleepcouldhavebeenalteredbyexposuretoextramoonlightbeforearrivingatthelab.44.Thewritermentioned"werewolves"inthefirstparagraph?A.giveanexampleoftheexistenceofthemoon'scycleB.drawpeople'sattentiontothefindingoftheresearchC.warnpeopleofthedangerofsleepingaloneinalabD.findthesimilaritybetweenwerewolvesandhumans45.Whathappenedtothevolunteersduringtheexperimentonafullmoon?A.Theysleptforaboutfiveminuteslongerthanusual.B.Theirbrainswerenotsoactiveastheynormallywere.C.Theirbrainsneverrecoveredfromthedaylightwork.D.Theycomplainedthattheyweretootiredtosleep.46.ThelastparagraphismainlydevelopedbyA.analyzingcausesB.makingcomparisonsC.examiningdifferencesD.followingthetimeorder47.ThepassageismainlyaboutA.themoonanditseffectsonoursleepinghabitsB.thecausesofpeople'ssleepingproblemsC.thepossiblereasonswhysleepsuffersonceamonthD.thewaystoimproveoursleepqualityonafullmoon【全品解析】44.【学问点】推断推理题【答案解析】B第一段Werewolves(狼人)aren'ttheonlycreaturesthrownoffbythemoon'scycles…从狼人讲到人也受到月球周期的影响。其次段Totestthemoon'seffect可知选B。45.【学问点】细节题【答案解析】B其次段brainactivitydecreasedby（削减了）30percentduringthesleepstagethatthebrainnormallyusestorecoverfromitsdaylightwork.可知B正确。thesubjectstookanaverageoffiveminuteslongertofallasleep被试者平均用了5分多钟入睡A（测试者比平常多睡了5分钟）错误thesleeperscomplainedofpoorsleepquality埋怨睡眠质量不好D错46.【学问点】篇章结构题【答案解析】Ahowthemoonaffectssleep.someinternalbodyclockmaybetiedtothemooncycles.Theremaybeanotherexplanation,可推断出主要是分析影响睡眠的缘由。选A。47.【学问点】主旨大意题【答案解析】CAfullmoonsubtlydisruptspeople'ssleep,满月奇异地会打乱人们的睡眠Thesenewdatasuggestthemoon'scyclescansubtlyaffectsleepcycles.月亮的周期可以潜移默化地影响睡眠周期可知选C【英语卷（解析）·2022届江西省师大附中高三三模考试（202205）】C8Runninglikethewind,roaring(咆哮)likethunder,tigershavelongbeenfearedandrespectedasakingoftheanimalworld.Butlastweekareportsaidthattherearenomorethan30wildtigersleftinsouthChina.ThiswastheconclusionofateamofscientistsfromChina'sStateForestryAdministrationandtheWorldNatureFund.TheSouthChinatiger,alsoknownastheChinesetiger,isnativetosouthernChina.Inthe1950's,therewereover4000tigersfoundinmountainforestsinthecountry.Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitatanduncontrolledhunting,ithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.Sixty­sixofthebigcatscanbefoundinthecagesofadozenzoosaroundChina.Buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins.Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling.Iftheyweresetfreetheycouldnotlookafterthemselves.“Breedinghasdamagedthequalityofthespecies”，saidPeiEnle,deputydirectoroftheShanghaiZoo.Toreintroducethespeciesintothewild,thecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica.Fourofthemhavealreadyarrived.Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts(本能)andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbase.“SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewild.Thecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin”，saidLuJun,officedirectoroftheNationalWildlifeResearchandDevelopmentCenter.“WetriedinFujianProvince,butitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco­chain(生物链)andtherewasalackofspace.”ThetigersshouldreturntoChinain2007whenthereservationsinFujianareready.66．WhatisthemainreasonfortheSouthChinatigerbecomingoneoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies?A.Becauseithaslostitsnaturalinstincts.B.Becausethereisnotacompleteeco­chain.C.Becausethereisnospaceforit.D.Becauseuncontrolledhuntinghasdestroyeditsnaturallivingconditions.67．HowistheprogrammeofsendingseveraltigerstoSouthAfricagettingon?A.Itseffectstillremainstobeseen.B.Twotigerscanalreadycompetewiththeirwildcousins.C.Someofthetigersarealreadyontheroadtorecoveringtheirnaturalskills.D.Thetigersshouldbeabletorecovertheirinstinctscompletelyby2007.68．Bysaying“buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins”，thewritermeansthat________.A.theyarenolongerfearedbyotherwildanimalsB.theydon'tknowhowtohuntorkillC.acompletechangehasresultedinthespeciesbecauseofbreedingD.toreintroducethemintothewildhasbecomeanurgenttask69．WhatisthepurposeofsendingyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica?A.Tohelpthetigersrecovertheirabilitytoliveinthewild.B.Toprovidethemwithabetterenvironment.C.Togetthetigerstogoonatour.D.Tofindacompleteeco­chainforthem.70．WhichoneisNOTthereasonforSouthAfricabeingchosenasthetrainingplace?A.BecausethetigerscanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbase.B.BecauseSouthAfricansareskilledatdealingwiththetigers.C.Becausethereisacompleteeco­chainandenoughspacethere.D.Becausethecountryhasgoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin.【答案】66.D。解析：细节题，依据文章第一段Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitatanduncontrolledhunting,ithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.可知。67.C。解析：细节题，依据文中倒数第三段的Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts(本能)andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbase可知这些老虎正在渐渐恢复自然本性，故选C。。68.B。解析：细节题，依据文中该句话后的Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling可知选B。。69.A。解析：细节推断题，依据文中第六段的Toreintroducethespeciesintothewild,thecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica推断为了这些老虎恢复本性故选A。70.A．解析：推断题。依据文中最终一段的SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewild.排解B；依据Thecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin”排解D；依据WetriedinFujianProvince,butitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco­chain(生物链)andtherewasalackofspace推断排解C。由此推断选A。【英语卷（解析）·2022届宁夏银川一中高三下学期第三次模拟考试（202205）】C8Everybodyneedsblood Haveyoueverseenbusesonthestreetfordonatingblood?Medicalworkersonboardcollectbloodfromvolunteers.Thebloodisthenstoredupandgiventopeoplewhohavelostalargeamountofitduetoaccidentsordiseases. Bloodisoneofthemostimportantsubstances(物质)supportingourlives.Butfornow,theonlywaywecangetmoreofitis