专题12-名词性从句-(练习版)

考查点全国新高考卷全国卷命题分析202220212020202220212020名词性从句浙江卷[宾语从句；if/whether]卷I，56题[主语从句；what]北京卷[宾语从句；where]北京卷[宾语从句；if/whether]没有考没有考没有考高考对名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，其中引导词what、与that/how、if与whether是考查重点。考点1、主语从句分考点1主语从句的引导词①、that,whether,if只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分。●Thelimitsofaperson'sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。②、what,who,whose,which,whichever,whoever,whatever等。在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。●WhatBarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.芭拉·琼斯给予她的粉丝们的是坦诚和快乐。③、how,when,where,why等。在从句中作状语。●Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.它们为什么突然消失仍然是个谜。【特别注意】(1)、当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if；●Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。(2)、that引导主语从句时,不可省略;(3)、从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式，但也有特殊情况，如what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于其表达的含义。●Whathesaidistrue.他所说的是正确的。(从句作主语,谓语动词用单数)●Whatheneedsarebooks.他需要的是书。(从句作主语,谓语动词用复数)分考点2用it作形式主语的主语从句①、It+be+形容词+从句句型中常用的词或词组：necessary,likely,clear,important,right,wrong,strange,natural,funny,(un)certain,obvious,surprising,possible,probable等●Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.尽管已经有大约两千名患者服用了这种药,但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。●Itisbynomeansclearwhatthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.总统能采取什么措施来结束罢工,这一点儿都不清楚。②、It+be+名词/名词词组+从句句型中常用的词或词组：ashame,apity,nowonder,goodnews,nosurprise,anhonor等●Itisashamethatwelostsuchanimportantcustomer.真遗憾我们失去了一位如此重要的客户。③、It+be+过去分词+从句句型中常用的词或词组：said,believed,reported,thought,known,expected,decided,arranged,announced等●Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.据说我们学校下周要举行运动会。④、It+特殊动词/动词短语+从句句型中常用的词或词组：seem,appear,happen,matter,turnout,occurto等●Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都可以。【特别注意】当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可；但主语从句后置且引导词后直接加ornot时，则用whether引导。考点2宾语从句分考点1宾语从句的引导词Point从属连词在从句中只起连接作用，不做成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。常用的引导词如下①、从属连词that,whether,if②、连接代词what,who,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever等③、连接副词how,when,where,why,whenever,wherever,however等常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词或动词短语有：see,say,know，imagine,discover,believe,tell,show,think,consider,besure,beafraid等。常见的可以接疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词或动词短语有:see,tell,ask,know,decide,imagine,suggest,wonder,show,discuss,understand,inform,advise,findout等。●We'veofferedherthejob,butIdon'tknowwhethershe'llacceptit.我们已经给她提供了工作,但我不知道她是否会接受。●Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.我真心相信美来自内心。●Itisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.对我们来说,很难想象古代世界中奴隶的生活是什么样子的。●Scientistsstudyhowhumanbrainsworktomakecomputers.科学家通过研究人脑如何工作来制作电脑。【特别注意】(1)、that引导宾语从句时，常被省略，但下列情况下that不能省略；①that从句作介词的宾语时；②动词后跟有多个that引导的并列宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略，从第二个从句开始that不可省略；③主句谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时；④that引导的从句位于句首时；⑤it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中的that通常不可省略。●Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthecountryside.除了知道他来自乡下以外,我对他一无所知。●Hesaidthat)helikedrainverymuchandthathewouldn'tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.他说他非常喜欢雨,下雨时他都不会打伞。●Wehope,onthecontrary,thathewillstayathomewithus.恰恰相反,我们希望他和我们一起待在家里。●Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.我相信我们队会赢。、在介词后的宾语从句中，表示“是否”时，连接词只用whether，不用if。●Itdependsonwhetheryoucanfinishtheprojectontime.那要取决于你是否能按时完成那个项目。分考点2用it作形式宾语的宾语从句Point1一些动词后的宾语从句有宾语补足语(形容词或名词)时，则需要用it作形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。常见的这类动词有:think认为feel感觉find发现guess猜测consider考虑believe相信suppose假定,设想make使得●Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofwatereveryday.我认为我们每天多喝水是有必要的。●Hehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbepostponed.他清楚地表明会议不会延期。Point2like,appreciate,enjoy,dislike,hate等表示“喜欢”、“厌恶”等情感的动词以及一些动词短语seeto,dependon,relyon等常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。(详见专题2)考点3表语从句Point1从属连词在从句中只起连接作用，不作成分；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；连接副词在从句中作状语。①、从属连词that,whether②、连接代词what.who.whom.whose,which,whatever,whoever，whomever，whichever等③、连接副词how,when.where等●Thequestioniswhetheryoucanaffordit问题是你是否买得起。●Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.对这位足球明星而言,最美好的时刻是他射进制胜球的时候。●ButthebottomlineisthatIshouldn'tlietomykidsinanysituation.但是,底线是在任何情况下我都不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。【特别注意】一般不能用if引导表语从句：that引导表语从句时一般不省略。Point2其他词引导的表语从句(1)、asif/asthough引导的表语从句。此类表语从句可用陈述句语气，也可用虚拟语气，常与以下连系动词连用：seem似乎look看起来taste尝起来sound听起来feel摸起来appear好像●Itseemedasthoughithadhappenedyesterday.那件事好像昨天发生的一样。●Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起来天要下雨了(2)、because,why也可引导表语从句。但在because引导的表语从句中，主语不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型This/Thatiswhy….这/那就是…...的原因This/Thatisbecause...这/那是因为…...●Thisiswhywemissedtheearlybus这就是我们错过了早班车的原因。【特别注意】当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般用that引导，不能用why或because；主语是reason时，why可以引导定语从句；Thereasonwhy.isthat...(…...的原因是......)●Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathegotuplate.他来晚是因为起床晚了。考点4同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。Point1that引导的同位语从句that在其引导的同位语从句中只起引导词的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，但不可省略。●Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudythatchildren’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.多年研究发现:有证据表明孩子的早期睡眠问题很有可能在他们长大后仍然存在●Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.温居聚会的名字源于这样一个事实,很久以前人们会带木柴作为乔迁礼物。Point2whether引导的同位语从句whether引导同位语从句时，在从句中不作成分，意为“是否”，不能省略，不能用诳替换。●Heaskedheraquestionwhethertheycanbefriends他问了她一个问题:他们能否成为朋友。Point3疑问词引导的同位语从句疑问词how,where,when,why等引导同位语从句时，在从句中充当句子成分。●Heshowedushiswayhowheworkedoutthatproblem.他向我们展示了他是如何解决那个问题的。Point4常见的后跟同位语从句的名词有:demand要求advice建议conclusion结论hope希望doubt怀疑fact事实formation信息message消息idea主意news消息order命令problem问题promise诺言question问题request请求suggestion建议thought想法truth事实wish愿望desire渴望;欲望word消息●Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.当战争爆发的消息传来时,他决定去参军●Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.我对自己承诺:今年,也就是我高中的第一年,会有所不同。1、（2022年浙江高考1月）Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak______shecoulddosoremotely.(用适当的词填空)2、（2021年全国新高考I卷）GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.3．（2021年北京高考卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout________shelived．(用适当的词填空)4、（2020年北京高考卷）Oliversaysifyou’reluckyenoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem__________youcanjoininwhenit’spossible.(用适当的词填空)5、（2019年全国高考I卷）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88，thereisevidence_________heyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.6、（2018年全国高考III卷）I'nnotsure_______ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.一、主语从句1．________Gabrielawasexperiencingwasaculturalclashinexpectations.（用适当的词填空）2．______Mikedidn’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdayisunknown.(用适当的词填空)3．______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(用适当的词填空)4．Obviously,________thepoetwantstoexpressishisdeeploveforhiscountry.（用适当的词填空）5．Itwasaroughestimate_________about20percentoftherubbishwasdumpedintothesea.(用适当的词填空)6．Itispredicted__________therecoveryoftheJapaneseeconomymightbeshadowedbythenuclearaccidentthere.（用适当的词填空）7．________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywehumansare.（用适当的词填空）8．________Ican’tunderstandiswhysomanyhighschoolstudentsareunwillingtomajorinmedicine.(用适当的词填空)9．________mattersmostinimprovingyourselfistomakeamanageableplan.(用适当的词填空)10．Ireadaboutitinsomemagazineorother;doesitmatter________itwas?（用适当的词填空）11．Sometimes,________wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehavealreadyhad.(用适当的词填空)12．Itisstillnotobvious________thepresidentcandotogetridofthepublic’sanger.(用适当的词填空)13．Itworriedheralot________thehairofhermother-in-lawwasturninggrey.（用适当的词填空）14．Sotheycollectedclipsof20differentenvironmentalsounds,includingwaterdripping,icecracking,whalescallingandsoon._________theyfoundisthatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticipantsratedthesoundsasbeingmoretuneful.(用适当的词填空)15．________Gabrielawasexperiencingwasaculturalclashinexpectations.Shewasusedtoherpreviousworkenvironmentwheretheteamleaderandmanagertookcontrolandmadedecisions.（用适当的词填空）16．TheycanrunatthespeedofanOlympicrunner,butonlyforaminuteandahalforso.________isinterestingistheircube-shapedpoop(粪便).(用适当的词填空)17．WangFang,aconservationbiologistatFudanUniversity,said________wouldbeaffectedbythemineandhydropowerprojectsarenotonlyanimalsbutalsotheregion’sclimatepatternsinthelongrun.（用适当的词填空）18．Itisrecommending________thevaccinebeadministeredintwodoses(剂)tothoseaged18andover.（用适当的词填空）19．________gavethemessageanevengreatermeaningwasthattherewasnoadvanceplanning.(用适当的词填空)20．Itisassumed,forapersontobehealthy,________yinandyangforcesshouldbeinbalance.(用适当的词填空)二、同位语从句21．Ihaveenoughevidence____________hardworkpaysoff.(用适当的词填空)22．Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy________children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.（用适当的词填空）23．Aproblemhasoccurred________weshoulddevelopinnovativethinkingabilitiesintheclassroomsbygivingstudentsopportunitiestogeneratenewideas.（用适当的词填空）24．Doyouhaveanyidea_________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?(用适当的词填空)25．Wordcame______hewaspunishedbytheking,forhedidn’tkeephisword.(用适当的词填空)26．Thereisnodoubt________weshouldbegratefultothosepeoplewhohelpuswhenweareintrouble.（用适当的词填空）27．Someoldpeoplestillholdtheview________womenshouldstayathometotakecareofthefamily.(用适当的词填空)28．Thereisnopossibility________wewillpickyouupattheairport;thesnowstormhasbeenon.（用适当的词填空）29．Haveyouheardofthegoodnews________theseverefloodhasbeenundercontrol?(用适当的词填空)30．Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request________theschoollibraryshouldprovidemoresciencebooks.(用适当的词填空)31．Andthisshouldserveasawarningtoothercelebrities________theyhonestlypaytaxesforeverycenttheyhaveearnedorrisktheendoftheircareer.(用适当的词填空)32．Therearedoubts________thenewdrugwillbeeffectiveintreatingthedisease.(用适当的词填空)三、表语从句33．Healthisveryimportantforcareersuccessandthatis______youshouldexerciseregularly.（用适当的词填空）34．Ifyoutakealookaroundyourkitchenoroffice,chancesare________you’llnoticethatyouaresurroundedbyplasticwaterbottles,take-outcups,plasticgrocerybagsandfoodpackages.（用适当的词填空）35．Well-made,long-lastingclothingis________weshouldbuyandwear.（用适当的词填空）36．Hehasmadesomanymistakes.Thatis_________heistoocareless.（用适当的词填空）37．Hiscapabilityhasneverbeenindoubt;thequestionis________heispreparedtoputefforts.(用适当的词填空)38．HunanisoneofthemajorriceproducersinChina,andis________farmersplantdouble-croppingrice.Amongtherice’soutput,theyieldofearlyricecameto667.8kgpermuinthetestfields,andthatoflate-seasonricestoodat936.1kgpermu.（用适当的词填空）39．ThemessageIwanttoconveyis________itisnevertoolatetopursuegoodhealth.(用适当的词填空)40．However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,onaverage,approximately4，400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas________itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2，700stepsdaily.（用适当的词填空）41．Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe________wearenow.（用适当的词填空）42．However,thefactis________batsplayasignificantroleinkeepingabalancedecosystem.（用适当的词填空）43．Anotherreasonis________manyoftoday'syoungpeoplebelieveit'swrongtokillanimalsforfood.（用适当的词填空）44．Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(用适当的词填空)45．Butmyteacheralwayssays,“Wewanttobe

younger.”soabouttheageofWesternwomen,myadviceis______ifyoudon’tknowit,don’taskaboutit;ifyoureallyknowit,don’tmentionit.(用适当的词填空)46．Therewillbechallengesahead,however,whichis______wearefullypreparingforallpossibilities.(用适当的词填空)47．Theproblemis________cantaketheplaceofher.(用适当的词填空)48．Thekeytobecominghappyis________youtreatyourlifeandwork.（用适当的词填空）49．Andthisi