2022高考英语唐山市路南区阅读短文复习单词暑假练习(10)及答案

阅读理解。DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.“Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome,’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidformtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款)program.Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearmorefamiliesliketheJacobs.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.Atthesametime,tuition（学费）continuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust14“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanofJacobsfamilyfail?A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B.Thefatherwasoutofwork.C.Theirsavingranout.D.Thefamilyfellapart.2.HowdidtheJacobsmanagetosolvetheirproblem?A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschool.C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolandthefederalgovernment.3.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_______.A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.America’sunemploymentwillfall4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?A.Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.B.Theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill.A.providemoststudentswillscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD.goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【文章大意】这是一篇关于学费贷款的文章。【参考答案】15、BDACD完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[说明文型完形填空]Formanypeopletoday,readingisnolongerrelaxation.Tokeepuptheirwork,theymustreadletters,reports,tradepublications,interofficecommunications,nottomentionnewspa­persandmagazines:anever­endingfloodofwords.In__1__ajoboradvancinginone,theabilitytoreadandcomprehend__2__canmeanthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailure.Yettheunfortunatefactisthatmostofusare__3__readers.Mostofusdeveloppoorreading__4__atanearlyage,andnevergetoverthem.Themaindeficiency__5__intheactualstuffoflanguageitself—words.Takenindividually,wordshave__6__meaninguntiltheyarestrungtogetherintophrases,sentencesandparagraphs.__7__，however,theuntrainedreaderdoesnotreadgroupsofwords.Helaboriouslyreadsonewordatatime,oftenregressingto__8__wordsorpassages.Thetendencytolookbackoverwhatyouhavejustread,isacommonbadhabitinreading.Anotherhabitwhich__9__downthespeedofreadingisvocalization—soundingeachwordeitherorallyormentallyasonereads.Toovercomethesebadhabits,somereadingclinicsuseadevicecalledan__10__，whichmovesabar(orcurtain)downthepageatapredeterminedspeed.Thebarissetataslightlyfasterrate__11__thereaderfindscomfortable,inorderto“stretch”him.Theacceleratorforcesthereadertoreadfast,__12__word­by­wordreading,regressionandsubvocalization,practicallyimpossible.Atfirstcomprehensionissacrificedforspeed.Butwhenyoulearntoreadideasandconcepts,youwillnotonlyreadfaster,__13__yourcomprehensionwillimprove.Manypeoplehavefoundtheirreadingskilldrasticallyimprovedaftersometraining.__14__CharlceAu,abusinessmanager,forinstance,hisreadingratewasareasonablygood172wordsaminutebeforethetraining,nowitisanexcellent1，378wordsaminute.Heisdelightedthathowhecan__15__alotmorereadingmaterialinashortperiodoftime.1.A．applyingB．doingC．offeringD．getting2.A．quicklyB．easilyC．roughlyD．decidedly3.A．goodB．curiousC．poorD．urgent4.A．trainingsB．habitsC．situationsD．customs5.A．liesB．combinesC．touchesD．involves6.A．someB．alotofC．littleD．dull7.A．FortunatelyB．ActuallyC．LogicallyD．Unfortunately8.A．reuseB．rereadC．rewriteD．recite9.A．scalesB．cutsC．slowsD．measures10.A．acceleratorB．actorC．amplifierD．observer11.A．thenB．asC．beyondD．than12.A．enablingB．leadingC．makingD．indicating13.A．butB．norC．orD．for14.A．TreatB．TakeC．MakeD．Consider15.A．refertoB．gooverC．setaboutD．getthroughC【要点综述】阅读原来是一个愉悦身心的活动，但是劳碌的工作使人们远离了阅读所带来的乐趣。本文就如何开展有效的快速阅读进行了简洁的说明。1．D本句意思是“假如想谋得一份差事”。apply需加for，意思是“申请”；do做；offer供应。此三项均不符合题意，只有get(获得)适合。2．A本句意为“快速阅读与理解的力气，是关系到成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。easily简洁地；roughly粗略地；decidedly坚决地。3．C由下文“Mostofusdeveloppoorreading…”可知此处选poor。其他选项不妥。4．B此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成不良的读书习惯”。因此选habit“习惯”。training训练，培训；situation形势；custom风俗习惯。5．A此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。combine联合；touch接触；involve包括。这三项的词义与原文不符。而lie与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。6．C这里的意思是“假如单个地看这些词，它们并没有什么意义”。some一些，少量的；alotof很多；dull单调的。此三项不合题意。只有little(很少)是否定词，合乎规律。7．D此句指“作者对未受过阅读训练的人的不良习惯感到圆满”。fortunately幸运地；actually事实上；logically合乎规律地。unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句意。8．B此处意思为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”。因此，选reread“重读”。reuse再使用；rewrite改写；recite背诵。9．Cscaledown按比例削减；cutdown削减。此两项不合题意。measures不能与down搭配。只有slowdown“放慢”能否与后面的speed搭配。10．A依据上文可知，训练快速阅读所使用的工具必定与提高阅读速度有关，因此选accelerator(快读器)。actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观看者。11．D前面的faster打算了此处应当选than，构成比较级。12．C此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读。”enable相当于makepossible；lead引导；indicate指出，表明。都不合题意。只有make(使得)最合适。13．A与前半句中的notonly相呼应，构成句式notonly…but…“不仅……而且……”，只能选but，而nor、or或for均不能与前面的notonly搭配。14．Btake与后面的forinstance构成短语，意为“以……为例”，其他三项不能与forinstance构成搭配。15．D此处意为“在较短时间内，读完众多的材料”。referto参考；goover复习；setabout着手做。此三项均不合题意；只有getthrough“完成”最恰当。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·陕西，C)Accordingtosociologists(社会学家),everymodernindustrialsocietyhassomeformofsocialstratification(阶层).Class,powerandstatusareimportantindecidingpeople'srankinsociety.Classmeansaperson'seconomicpositioninsociety.Acommonlyusedclassificationislowerclass,middleclassandupperclass.Whilesociologistsdisagreeonhowthesetermsshouldbeexactlydefined,theydodescribesocietiesliketheUnitedStatesquitewell.Onestudyshowsthat53%ofAmericansbelongtothelowerclass,46%themiddleclass,and1%theupperclass.Interestingly,asurgeonearning$500,000ayearandabusdriverearning$50,000ayearbothregardthemselvesasthemiddleclass!Powerreferstotheamountofcontrolapersonhasoverotherpeople.Obviously,peopleinpositionsofgreatpower(suchasgovernors)exercise(行使)bigpower,butpeoplewhotakeordersfromothershavelesspower.Powerandclassdonotalwaysgohandinhand,however.Forexample,thegovernorofastatehasgreatpower,butheorshemaynotbelongtoacorresponding(相应的)economicclass.Generally,however,thereisarelationshipbetweenpowerandclass.Toourknowledge,therearen'ttoomanypeoplewhoaren'tmillionairesintheU．S.Senate!Statusisthehonororrespectattachedtoaperson'spositioninsociety.Itcanalsobeaffectedbypowerandclass,butnotnecessarilyso.Forexample,auniversityprofessormayhaveahighstatusbutnotbelongtoahighsocialclassorhavealotofpoweroverothers.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，阐明白阶级、权力、地位的定义以及三者之间的关系。13．Whatcanwelearnabout“themiddleclass”fromParagraph2?A．Peopleearning$50,000ayearbelongtothemiddleclass.B．NearlyhalfAmericansbelongtothemiddleclass.C．Peoplegenerallyconsiderbusdriversasthemiddleclass.D．Sociologistshaveacleardefinitionofthemiddleclass.答案：B细节理解题。由其次段第四句话可知美国中产阶级占46%，差不多一半，故B项正确。由第五句话“好玩的是年收入五十万美元的外科医生和五万美元的公交车司机都自认为是中产阶级”，是“自认为”，所以AC项都不对。由第三句话可知D项错误。14．Accordingtothetext,weknowthat________.A．powerandclassdonotalwayscorrespondwitheachotherB．statusreferstoaperson'seconomicpositioninsocietyC．peoplewithhighstatushavealotofcontroloverothersD．classislessimportantindecidingaperson'ssocialrank答案：A细节理解题。由第三段第三句话Powerandclassdonotalwaysgohandinhand，可知A项正确。由第四段第一句话可知B项错误；由第四段最终一句话可知C项错误；由第一段其次句话可知D项错误。15．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthewholetext?答案：A语篇结构题。第一段总体介绍阶级、权力、地位在确定一个人的社会等级方面都很重要，其次三四段分别说明白阶级、权力、和地位，接受了总分结构。故选A项。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·湖南，C)It'ssuchahappylookinglibrary,paintedyellow,decoratedwithpalmtreestickersandshelteredfromtheFloridasunbyitsownroof.Aboutthesizeofamicrowaveoven,it'spedestrianfriendly,too,waitingforbookloversnexttoasidewalkinPalmBeachCountryEstates,alongthenorthernboundaryofPalmBeachIt'salibrarybuiltwithlove.Ayearago,shortlyafterJaneyHenriksensawaBrianWilliamsreportabouttheLittleFreeLibraryorganization,aWisconsinbasednonprofitthataimstopromoteliteracyandbuildasenseofcommunityinaneighborhoodbymakingbooksfreelyavailable,sheannouncedtoherfamilyoffour,“That'swhatwe'regoingtodoforourspringbreak！”SonAustin,nowa10thgrader,didn'tseethepointofbuildingalibrarythatresemblesamailbox.ButJaneyinsisted,andhusbandPeterunwillinglygottowork.The51yearoldownerofashipsupplycompanymodifiedasmallwoodenhousethathe'dbuiltyearsearlierfordaughterAbbie'stoyhorses,andmadeadoorofglass.Afteraddingthelibrary'sfinaltouches(装饰),thefamilyhungasignboardonthefront,instructingusersto“takeabook,returnabook，”andmakingtheHenriksenlibrary,nowoneofseveralhundredlikeitnationwideandamongmorethan2,500intheworld,theonlyLittleFreeLibraryinPalmBeachCounty.Theystockeditwith20orsobooksthey'dalreadyread,amixofsciencefiction,referencetitles,novelsandkids'favorites.“Itoldthem,keepinmindthatyoumightnotseeitagain，”saidJaney,astayathomemom.Sincethen,thecollectionkeepsreplenishing(补充)itself,thankstoongoingdonationsfromborrowers.Thelibrarynowgetsanaverageoffivevisitsaday.Theproject'sbestpayoff,saysPeter,arethethankyounotesleftbehind.“Wehadnoideainthebeginningthatitwouldbesopopular.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了LittleFreeLibrary这家图书馆的由来及其进展。16．Inwhatwayisthelibrary“pedestrianfriendly”？A．Itownsayellowroof. B．Itstandsnearasidewalk.C．Itprotectsbookloversfromthesun.D．Itusespalmtreestickersasdecorations.答案：B细节理解题。文章第一段信息it'spedestrianfriendly,too,waitingforbookloversnexttoasidewalkinPalmBeachco