2021西安市高考英语冲刺选练及答案9

阅读理解LinusPauling,theonlypersonwhohaswontwoundividedNobelPrizes,wasborninPortland,Oregon.HeattendedWashingtonHewontheNobelPrizeforChemistryin1954forhisresearchintothenatureofthechemicalbondanditsapplicationtotheexplanationofthestructureofcomplexsubstances.Hisinterestinthe“behavior”ofmolecules(分子)ledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistry,especiallyofthehumanbody.Hebeganwithproteinsandtheirmainparts,theaminoacids(氨基酸),whicharecalledthe“buildingblocksoflife”.In1950,heconstructedthefirstsatisfactorymodelofaproteinmolecule,adiscoveryveryimportanttotheunderstandingofthelivingcell.DuringWorldWarⅡ,PaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity,forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.However,theuseoftheatomicbombneartheendofthewarturnedPaulinginanewdirection.Havinglongworkedonthestructureofmolecules,hetookanimmediateinterestinthedeadlyeffectsofnuclearfalloutonhumanmolecularstructures.Fromthenon,Paulingprotestedtheproductionofthehydrogenbombsandsupportedthepreventionofthespreadofnuclearweapons.Throughhisefforts,TheNuclear-Test-BanTreaty,declaringallnuclearteststobeillegalexceptundergroundones,cameintoeffectonOctober10,1963,thesamedayLinusPaulingwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了LinusPauling一生的成就及其对世界所做出的杰出贡献。他是唯一一位两度独立获诺贝尔奖的科学家。1.Fromthefirstparagraph,welearnthatLinusPauling.A.didn’tstudyhardwhileinWashingtonB.istheonlyscientistwhohaswontwoNobelPrizesC.wasoncebadlytreatedinWashingtonD.chosetostudychemicalengineeringtoearnhisliving【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段最终一句话“Hehadchosentostudyhismajorbecausehecouldgetagoodjobwithit.”可以得出正确答案为D选项。2.WhichofthefollowingthingsdidPaulingpaymuchattentiontoatfirst?A.The“behavior”ofmolecules.B.Physicalchemistry.C.Biologicalchemistry.D.Thehumanbody.【解析】选B。推理推断题。从其次段其次句话“Hisinterestinthe‘behavior’ofmoleculesledhimfromphysicalchemistrytobiologicalchemistry,especiallyofthehumanbody.”我们可以看出,Pauling的爱好发生了变化,从physicalchemistry转到了biologicalchemistry上,所以正确答案为B选项。3.DuringWorldWarⅡ,LinusPauling.A.hadtostophisresearchbecauseofthewarB.madegreatcontributionstothesafetyofthecountryC.joinedthearmytofightforthesafetyofthecountryD.tookpartinresearchingnuclearbombs【解析】选B。细节理解题。依据第三段第一句话“DuringWorldWarⅡ,PaulingwasamemberoftheResearchBoardforNationalSecurity,forwhichhewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofMeritin1948.”可以得出正确答案为B选项。4.Themainideaofthepassageistoshow.A.LinusPauling’sattitudetowardsnuclearweaponsB.LinusPauling’scontributionstotheworldC.LinusPauling’sresearchonthestructureofmoleculesD.LinusPauling’sgettingtheNobelPrizeforPeace【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了LinusPauling一生的成就及其对世界的贡献,所以应当选择B选项。阅读理解。Mr.PeterJohnson,agedtwenty-three,battledforhalfanhourtoescapefromhistrappedcaryesterdaywhenitlandedupsidedowninthreefeetofwater.Mr.Johnsontooktheonlyescaperoute—throughtheboot(行李箱).Mr.Johnson’scarhadfinishedupinaditch(沟渠)atRomneyMarsin,Kentafterskiddingoniceandhittingabank.“Fortunately,thewaterbegantocomeinonlyslowly,”Mr.Johnsonsaid.“Icouldn’tforcethedoorsbecausetheywerejammedagainstthewallsoftheditchanddarednotopenthewindowsbecauseIknewwaterwouldcomefloodingin.”Mr.Johnson,asweetsalesmanofSittingHome,Laterhesaid,“Itwasreallyahalfpennythatsavedmylife.ItwastheonlycoinIhadinmypocketandIusedittounscrew(扭下)thebackseattogetintotheboot.Ihammereddesperatelywithahammertryingtomakesomeonehear,butnohelpcame.”Ittooktenminutestounscrewtheseat,andafurtherfiveminutestoclearthesweetsamplesfromtheboot.ThenMr.Johnsonfoundawrench(扳钳)andbegantoworkonthebootlock.Fifteenminutespassedby.“ItwastheonlychanceIhad.Finallyitgave,butassoonasImovedthebootlid,thewaterandmudpouredin.Iforcedtheliddownintothemudandscrambled(爬行)clearasthecarfilledup.”Hishandsandarmscutandbruised(擦伤),Mr.JohnsongottoBeckettFarmnearby,wherehewaslookedafterbythefarmer’swife,Mrs.LucyBates.Huddledinablanket,hesaid,“Thatthirtyminutesseemedlikehours.”Onlythetipsofthecarwheelswerevisible,policesaidlastnight.Thevehiclehadsunkintotwofeetofmudatthebottomoftheditch.6Whatisthebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticle?A.TheStoryofMr.Johnson,ASweetSalesmanB.CarBootCanServeAsTheBestEscapeRouteC.DriverEscapesThroughCarBootD.TheDriverSurvivedATerribleCarAccident7.WhichofthefollowingobjectsisthemostimportanttoMr.Johnson?A.Thehammer. B.Thecoin.C.Thescrew. D.Thehorn.8.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mr.Johnson’scarstoodonitsbootasitfelldown.B.Mr.Johnsoncouldnotescapefromthedoorbecauseitwasfullofsweetjam.C.Mr.Johnson’scaraccidentwaspartlyduetotheslipperyroad.D.Mr.Johnsonstruggledinthepouringmudasheunscrewedthebackseat.9.“Finallyitgave”(Paragraph5)meansthat_______.A.LuckilythedoorwastornawayintheendB.AtlastthewrenchwentbrokenC.ThelockcameopenafterallhiseffortsD.Thechancewaslostatthelastminute10.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.A.theditchwasalongaquietcountryroadB.theaccidenthappenedonaclearwarmdayC.thepolicehelpedMr.JohnsongetoutoftheditchD.Mr.Johnsonhadatenderwifeandwaswellattended【参考答案】6—10、CBCCA阅读理解。Whyplaygames?Becausetheyarefun,anda1otmorebesides.Followingtherules,planningyournextmove,actingasateammember…theseareall“game”ideasthatyouwillcomeacrossthroughoutyourlife.Thinkaboutsomeofthegamesyouplayedasayoungchild,suchasrope-jumpingandhide-and-seek.Suchgamesareentertainingandfun.Butperhapsmoreimportantly,theytranslatelifeintoexcitingdramasthatteachchildrensomeofthebasicrulestheywillbeexpectedtofollowtherestoftheirlives,suchastakingturnsandcooperating(合作).Manychildren’sgameshaveapracticalside.Childrenaroundtheworldplaygamesthatpreparethemforworktheywilldoasgrown-ups.Forinstance,someSaudiArabianchildrenplayagamecalledbones,whichsharpensthehand-eyecoordination（协调）neededinhunting.Manysportsencouragenationalorlocalpride.Themostfamousgamesofall,theOlympicGames,bringathletesfromaroundtheworldtogethertotakepartinfriendlycompetition.Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnedit.Forcountriesexperiencingnaturaldisastersorwar,anOlympicwincanmeansomuch.Sportsarealsoaneventthatunitespeople.Socceristhemostpopularsportintheworld.Peopleonallcontinentsplayit—someforfunandsomeforaliving.NicoletteIribarne,aCaliforniansoccerplayer,hasdiscoveredawaytospreadhopethroughsoccer.Hecreatedafoundationtoprovidepoorchildrenwithnotonlysoccerballsbutalsoapromisingfuture.Nexttimeyouplayyourfavoritegameorsport,thinkaboutwhyyouenjoyit,whatskillsareneeded,andwhethertheseskillswillhelpyouinotheraspectsofyourlife.11.Throughplayinghide-and-seek,childrenareexpectedtolearnto________.A.beateamleaderB.obeythebasicrulesC.actasagrown-upD.predictpossibledanger12TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2mostprobablymeansthatgamescan________.A.describelifeinanexcitingway B.turnreal-lifeexperiencesintoaplayC.makelearninglifeskillsmoreinterestingD.changepeople’sviewsofsportingevents13Accordingtothepassage,whyiswinningOlympicmedalssoencouraging?A.Itinspirespeople’sdeeploveforthecountry.B.Itprovestheexceptionalskillsofthewinners.C.Ithelpsthecountryoutofnaturaldisasters.D.Itearnsthewinnersfameandfortune.14Iribarne’sgoalofformingthefoundationisto_______.A.bringfuntopoorkids B.providesoccerballsforchildrenC.givepoorkidsachanceforabetterlife D.appealtosoccerplayerstohelppoorkids15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Gamesbenefitpeoplealltheirlives.B．Sportscangetallathletestogether.C．Peopleareadvisedtoplaygamesforfun.D．Sportsincreaseacountry’scompetitiveness.【参考答案】11—15、BCACA（2022湖北卷）其次节：短文写作（共1题；满分30分）请依据以下提示，并结合具体事例，用英语写一篇短文。Smallthingsmakeabigdifference.Thesmallthingswedocanmakeusaresponsiblememberofthesociety.留意：①无须写标题；②除诗歌外，文体不限；③内容必需结合你生活中的具体事例；④文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；⑤词数不少于120，如引用提示语则不计入总词数。【考点】考察开放性作文【写作指导】本文属于开放性作文，要求我们就：我们做的微小的事情都可以对我们的社会产生很大的影响。告知我们要关注生活中的小事。照旧属于谈论文，可以使用一般现在时和第三人称。当然也可以写成记叙文，叙述一件小事让我们懂得要关注细节。要点：1.叙述生活中发生的一件小事；以及这件小事对我们产生的影响。2.说明任何一件小事都会对我们的社会产生很大的影响。告知我们要重视这样的小事。首先要选择自己生疏的短语或者句型，在你的力气范围之内，选择句式时要赐予变化，由于这样你才可以更好的驾驭。同时也要选择合适的连接词，把各个要点组织成一个完整的整体，如besides,further,lastbutnotleast等。在发表个人观点的时候，可以使用谚语来提升整个文章