2021西安市高考英语冲刺选练及答案8

阅读理解。Britain’slong-termunemployedcouldbeforcedtocarryoutmanualworkorrisklosingtheirwelfarebenefitsunderplansbeingputforwardbythegovernment.TheU.S.-styleschemewouldseethelong-termjoblessorderedtotakeupfour-weekplacementsinordertogetthemusedtohavingafull-timejob.Theideaispartofmajorreforms,duetobeunveiledthisweek,tomakecutstoBritain’shugewelfarebill,reducedependencyonbenefitsandweedoutthoseearningmoneybutnotdeclaringit,paperssaid.“Whatwearetalkingabouthereispeoplewhohavenotbeenusedtoworkinghavingboththeopportunityandperhapsabitmoreofapushaswell,toexperiencetheworkplacefromtimetotime.ThevastmajorityofpeopleinBritainwillthinkthatistherightthingtodo.”ForeignSecretaryWilliamHaguetoldBBCTV.ShortlyaftertheConservative-LiberalDemocratUniontookpowerinMay,WorkandPensionsSecretaryIainDuncanSmithunveiledplanstosimplifythecomplexwebofbenefitsavailabletoreduceerrorsandinefficiencies.DuncanSmithsaidthesystemhadbecomeregressiveandwasnotgivingpeopletherightencouragementtoworkasmanywerefinanciallybetteroffunemployed.Underhisplans,separatebenefitsforitemssuchashousing,incomesupportordisabilitywillbereplacedbya“universalcredit”systemwhereby(靠那个)individualhouseholdswouldgetasinglewelfarepaymenttoensurethoseinworkwouldbebetteroff.TheObservernewspapersaidthatinreturn,long-termunemployedwouldbetoldtotakeupworkplacementsofatleast30hoursaweekforafour-weekperiod.Iftheyrefuseorfailtocompletetheprogramme,theirjobseekers’allowance,worth64.30poundsaweekforthoseover25,couldbestoppedforatleastthreemonths.【文章大意】由于英国的福利过高,再加上近年来的经济危机造成的高失业率,越来越多的英国人不愿再去劳心费劲地工作,干脆赖在家里向政府伸手要钱。当局为了削减养“好逸恶劳者”的经费,出台强制性劳动方案,要求失业的人从事劳力工作,以此督促他们乐观查找工作。1.Whatwilltheunemployedwithwelfarebenefitsfaceifthemajorreformtakeseffect?A.Theywilllosetheirwelfarebenefitsiftheydon’twork.B.Theywillbeencouragedtobuytheirownfarms.C.Theywilldosomekindsofjobs.D.EitherAorC.【解析】选D。细节理解题。第一段第一句话的carryoutmanualworkorrisklosingtheirwelfarebenefits说明在新政下“懒汉”们面临的两种选择。2.WhatwillmostBritishpeoplethinkofthenewreformaccordingtoWilliamHague?A.Theyareagainstitsincetheunemployedarepoor.B.Theyareforitsincetheunemployedshouldkeepfit.C.Theyareforitsinceit’sunfairfortheemployedandunemployed.D.Theydon’tcareasthere’reafewunemployedpeoplehavingwelfarebenefits.【解析】选C。推理推断题。第四段中ThevastmajorityofpeopleinBritainwillthinkthatistherightthingtodo.说明绝大多数英国人支持新政。4.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6mostlikelymeans.A.well-received B.far-reachingC.old-fashioned D.live-and-let-live【解析】选C。词义猜想题。从该词所在句的wasnotgivingpeopletherightencouragementtowork可知即将取消的措施就要过时了。4.WhatistheaimofBritain’smajorreformforthelong-termunemployed?A.Toreducethecostofwelfarebillwithhealthyeconomysystem.B.Tomakethemhealthierandsavecostinmedicalcare.C.Tohelpmorepeoplegothroughfinancialcrisis.D.Toincreasepayandbonusforthoseemployed.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。第三段的tomakecutstoBritain’shugewelfarebill是直接目的,最终的目的还是要建立合理健康的福利制度体系。阅读理解。Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerful,problemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.Universityof“Toprovideenoughpower,weneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity”，saidJaeKwon,assistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.“Theradioisotope(放射性同位素)batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.”Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbattery,presentlythesizeandthicknessofapenny,intendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanicalsystems(M/NEMS).Althoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcerns,Kwonsaidtheyaresafe.“Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangerous,”hesaid,“However,nuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevices,suchaspace-makers,spacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.”Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半导体).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructureofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid,“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.16.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.

B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.Heisworkingonanuclearenergysource.D.Hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.17.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplied.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyused.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.18.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewaste

B.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteries D.reducethedamagetolatticestructure.19.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductor

B.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythin

D.haspassedthefinaltest.20.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreport

B.bookreview

C.newspaperad

D.sciencefictionstory【参考答案】16—20、CBDCA阅读理解。Whenmostpeoplethinkoftropicalislands,linedwithwhitesandybeachesandbrightblueseas,itisoftentheCaribbeanorSouthPacificthatcomestomind.ButforChinesetouristswhowantatasteofparadiseonEarththereisanewplacetoconsider.Mauritius,anislandlyingoffthesoutheastofAfricaintheIndianOcean,hasjustbeenaddedtoChina’slistoftouristdestinations.Richinhistory,naturalbeautyandculture,theislandhasbeenapopulardestinationfortheworld’stouristsformanyyears.OnDecember15atotalofeightAfricancountrieswereaddedtothelist.TheothersareTunisia,Tanzania,Ethiopia,Kenya,Zimbabwe,ZambiaandtheSeychelles.TheislandhaspassedthroughthecontrollinghandsofanumberofEuropeanpowers,includingDutch,FrenchandBritish.In1968,Mauritiuswonitsindependence.Atpresent,overhalfthepopulationofMauritiusisHinduandanotherfifthisMuslim.Bothgroupsaredescendants(后裔)fromworkersbroughttotheislandfromIndiabytheBritish.SomeChinesewerealsobroughtovertowork.TherearealsodescendantsofAfricanslavesandFranco-Mauritians,theoriginalsettlersoftheisland.Oneofthebestthingsabouttheislandisthefood.Thereisamouth-wateringmixofEuropean,ChineseandIndianflavoursandseafoodisverypopular.AtypicalMauritiandinnermighthaveIndianchickencurry,Chinesepork,BritishroastbeefandFrench-stylevegetables.Boiledriceisservedwithjustabouteverything.Allthatiswasheddownwithaplentifulsupplyoflocalbeerandrum(朗姆酒).Thepleasanttropicalclimateandsceneryprovidetheperfectsettingtoenjoyeverything.Theseaisfullofcolorfullifethatlivesaroundthecoralreef.ThismakesMauritiusawonderfulplaceforswimminganddiving.Thelargenumberofinterestingfishmeansitisalsoanexcitingplaceforthosewholiketogofishing.(from)5.Whichofthefollowingcan’tbeusedtodescribeMauritius?A.Tropicalisland,whitesandybeachandbrightbluesea.B.Beautifulscenery,richhistoryandculture.C.MostofthepeopleinMauritiusareblack.D.Deliciousfoodmixedwitheasternandwesternflavours.6.Whichgroupofthefollowingtopicsisnotdiscussedinthetext?A.Foodandhistory.B.Sceneryandpopulation.C.Locationandsports.D.Naturalresourcesandagriculture.7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.MauritiushassomethingsimilartotheCaribbeanorSouthPacific.B.Mauritiushasahistoryoflessthan40years.C.MauritiushasbeenapopulardestinationforChinesetouristsformanyyears.D.ThemainfoodinMauritiusislocalbeerandrum.8.Theunderlinedword“This”inthelastparagraphrefersto________.A.Pleasanttropicalclimate B.BeautifulsceneryC.Theseawithcolorfullife D.Thecoralreef5.C事实细节题。第五段“overhalfthepopulationofMauritiusisHindu”的意义：毛里求斯现在一半的人口为印度人。依据我们中同学应当具备的常识，印度人不属于黑色人种，由此推断可知6.D事实归纳题。通读全文，短文中没有涉及“自然资源和农业”。其他几项都能找到。7.A推想题。短文第一段的意义是：一提起以白色的沙滩和迷人的大海而著称的热带群岛，人们大多会想起加勒比海或是南太平洋上的岛屿。而现在，中国游客又多了另外一个天堂般的好去处——毛里求斯。由此衬托出毛里求斯与加勒比海或南太平洋上的岛屿有相类似的风光。毛里求斯1968年赢得独立，独立不到40年，但不能说她有不到40年的历史，可排解B项。其次段提到毛里求斯日前对中国公民开放旅游，可排解C项。倒数其次段“Boiledriceisservedwithjustabouteverything.Allthatiswasheddownwithaplentifulsupplyoflocalbeerandrum”的意思是：主食为米饭。用餐的时候少不了喝一些当地的啤酒和朗姆酒，可排解D项8.C指代题。依据这两句的意义：五颜六色的小生物在珊瑚礁四周生存和繁衍，把大海点缀得格外秀丽。(这样的大海)使毛里求斯成为游客畅游、潜水的好地方。因此，This指代Theseawithcolorfullife。（2022大纲卷）其次节书面表达(满分25分)一家英语报社向中同学征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请依据下列要求和你的想象完成短文、家庭工作业余生活留意：1、次数100左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好Ioftenimaginewhatmylifewillbelikeinthefuture.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【考点】考察半开放性作文【写作指导】本文的话题是“十年后