2025年高考英语一轮复习之代词VIP

第1页（共1页）2025年高考英语一轮复习之代词一．选择题（共16小题）1．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Thelatestreportmade______clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.（）A．one B．what C．it D．this2．（2024•天津模拟）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter﹣schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.（）A．ones B．those C．that D．them3．（2024•河西区三模）Shedidn'tunderstandwhyIpaidarepairmanwhenmybrotherwoulddoitfor．（）A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．something4．（2024•和平区模拟）Educationreformhassweptacrossschools，bringingwith__________newopportunitiesforstudentstodevelopinanall﹣roundway．（）A．one B．it C．them D．those5．（2024•滨海新区三模）ThenetworkofChina'shigh﹣speedtrainismuchlongerthan______inJapan.（）A．one B．that C．it D．this6．（2024•天津模拟）Itiscommonlybelievedthatthequalityofeducationinbigcitiesisbetterthaninruralareas，whichisoneofthereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplearemovingtoliveinbigcities.（）A．this B．it C．that D．one7．（2024•南开区模拟）NowthepriceofgoodsontheInternetischeaperthan______inthemarket.（）A．it B．those C．that D．these8．（2024•泰安一模）—Isit________mobilephone？—No，itisn't.________isleftintheoffice.（）A．you；I B．your；My C．yours；Mine D．your；Mine9．（2024•青岛一模）Ourteachersandparentswillbeproudofusbecausewehavegrownupandcanberesponsiblefor.（）A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us10．（2023•河南一模）Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight，youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．（）A．none B．some C．many D．nothing11．（2023•北辰区模拟）﹣﹣﹣Oh，MyEnglishnovelismissing.﹣﹣﹣IsawTomleavingwith______，butIamnotsurewhetheryourswasincluded.（）A．one B．it C．some D．that12．（2023•东丽区校级模拟）It'sreportedthatmanycouplesinthiscountryagedfrom30to35think_________challengingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.（）A．that B．it C．themselves D．this13．（2022•河东区一模）I'mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______inthecity．（）A．ones B．one C．that D．those14．（2022•宁河区校级模拟）Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents，_______thatIhadneverseen.（）A．ones B．one C．those D．theones15．（2022•河西区校级一模）Thelittleboyboughttwoball﹣pens，writingwell.（）A．noneofthem B．noneofwhich C．neitherofthem D．neitherofwhich16．（2022•和平区校级二模）—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates？—Mostofthemarekind，but______issogoodtomeasBruce.（）A．none B．noone C．everyone D．someone二．完形填空（共1小题）17．（2023•东城区校级模拟）MywifeandIusuallydon'tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer，Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand（1）aroundus.Lastyear，myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof（2）atatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician，Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho（3）care.Wateringtheplant（4）metoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However，afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition，theplant（5）begantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept（6）anddroppingtothefloor."Ican'tevencareforasimpleplant!"Iyelled."Ifmyluckybamboodies，Imightdietoo!"Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedmecomfort.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling，Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand（7）.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown（8）—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy（9）lessened，Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.Itransplantedittoalargerpot，andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow，webothbegantothrive（旺盛）again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot，ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan（10）.（1）A．aliveB．primitiveC．delicateD．mature（2）A．warmthB．reliefC．achievementD．security（3）A．valuedB．neededC．providedD．lacked（4）A．addedB．connectedC．adaptedD．compared（5）A．casuallyB．interestinglyC．genuinelyD．mysteriously（6）A．spreadingB．browningC．wavingD．dancing（7）A．fearfulB．innocentC．faithfulD．dishonest（8）A．dreamB．successC．capabilityD．survival（9）A．discontentB．anxietyC．doubtD．sympathy（10）A．giveB．shareC．decideD．preserve三．阅读理解（共3小题）18．（2023•雨花区校级一模）Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震动）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey'reseeing."Astheprototypestartedtakingshape，werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling，"FedericoRusso，onedirectorofGTBRoma，said."Whentheideawasatitsfirststage，welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife."Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars."Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways."ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It'sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However，theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvantagedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.（1）Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork？A．Bychangingshadesofcolors.B．Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C．Byclassifyingshakingmovements.D．Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations.（2）WhatdoesFedericoRussosayaboutthetechnology？A．Itwillhavewideapplication.B．Itwillbetestedacrosstheworld.C．Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.D．Itwillunderstandmanylanguages.（3）WhatdifficultyisFordfacing？A．Developingautonomouscars.B．Exploringtheirfuturebusinessmodel.C．Providingrouteinformation.D．Applyingthetechnologytoeverydaylife.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A．AI﹣basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTrips.B．SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViews.C．TechnologyMakestheBlind'sTripEnjoyable.D．FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDrive.19．（2023•山东一模）Whatdefinesus？Ifpressed，Iwouldanswerthatifthereisanypartofmethatsitsatmycore，thensurelyitmustbemymoralcenter，mydeep﹣seatedsenseofrightandwrong.AndIoftenfeelthatI'maslightlydifferentpersonineachlanguageIspeak—moredeterminedinEnglish，morerelaxedinFrench，andmoreemotionalinCzech.Isitpossiblethat，alongwiththesedifferences，mymoralguidelinesalsopointinsomewhatdifferentdirectionsdependingonthelanguageI'musing？InaresearchledbyAlbertCosta，volunteerswerepresentedwithamoraldilemmaknownasthe"trainproblem"：Imaginethatatrainischargingatfivepeoplestandingonthetrack，unabletomove.Theonlywaytostopthetrainandsparethefivepeopleispushanotherstrangeroffafootbridgeintoitspath.Costaandhiscolleaguesfoundthatposingthedilemmainalanguagethatvolunteershadlearnedasforeigntonguedramaticallyincreasedtheirwillingnesstopushthesacrificialpersonoffthefootbridge，fromfewerthan20%respondentsusingtheirnativelanguagetoabout50%ofthoseusingtheforeignone.InanotherresearchconductedbyJanetGreipel，volunteersreadactsthatmanypeoplefindimmoral，suchasstorieswheresomeonecookedandatehisdogafterithadbeenKeadbycar.Thosewhoreadthestoriesinaforeignlanguageperceivedtheseactionslesswrongthanthosewhoreadthemintheirnativetongue.Thedifferenceinthisjudgmentcomesdowntotwoseparateandcompetingthinkingpatterns—oneofthese，aquickanddirectfeeling，andtheother，carefuldeliberationaboutthegreatestgoodforthelargestnumber.Whenweuseaforeignlanguage，weunconsciouslysinkintothemoredeliberatemodesimplybecausetheeffortofoperatinginourno﹣nativelanguageactivatesourcognitiveSystem.Thisissimilartofindingsthatreadingmathproblemsinahard﹣to﹣readtypeface（字体）makespeoplelesslikelytomakecarelessmistakes（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A．Heinveststimeinstudyinglanguage.B．Heperceiveslanguagesdifferslightly.C．Heignorestheroleofmoralconcepts.D．Hethinkslanguagesrelatetomorals.（2）Howdidtheauthorprovehisviewpoint？A．Bycarefullycitingexamples.B．Bycollectingandlistingdata.C．Byconductingexperiments.D．Byanalyzingpeople'shabits.（3）Whyare"mathproblems"mentioned？A．Tojustifyathinkingpattern.B．Topresentanewfinding.C．Toclarifythecognitivesystem.D．Towarnagainstmakingmistakes.（4）What'sasuitabletitleforthepassage？A．Morality.TheCoreofPeopleB．Languages：InsightsintoJudgmentsC．Languages：AShapingPowertoMoralityD．Morality：ANewWaytoLearnLanguages20．（2023•浙江模拟）Onthedayhealmostdied，KimbalMuskhadfoodonthebrain.TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot﹣howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry—butbeyondexpandinghisfarm﹣to﹣tablemovementalongwithhisrestaurant，Muskhadn'tyetbrokenthecode.Thenhewentsailingdownasnowyslope（坡）andfellover，breakinghisneck.Theleftsideofhisbodywasparalyzed.Muskeventuallymadeafullrecovery，butitinvolvedspendingtwomonthsonhisback，whichgavehimplentyoftimetocomeupwithaplan.Sincethen，hehaslaunchedaninitiativetoput"learninggardens"inpublicschoolsacrossAmerica；attractedGenerationZtothefarmingprofessionbychangingshippingcontainersintohigh﹣tech，data﹣driven，year﹣roundfarms；andthisyear，iskickingoffanewcampaigntocreateonemillionat﹣homegardens.Aimedatreachinglow﹣incomefamilies，theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic，asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople'slives."Weweregettingalotofinquiriesaboutgardeningfrompeoplethathadnevergardenedbefore，"saysMusk."Peoplewerelookingtogardenforabunchofreasons：tosupplementtheirbudget，toimprovethenutritionalqualityoftheirdiets，orjusttocuretheboredomthatcamewiththelockdown."Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors，andwillbedistributedthroughschoolsthatMusk'snon﹣profit，BigGreen，hasalreadypartneredwith.Italsooffersfreecoursesonhowtogetthegardengrowingandfreshseedsandmaterialsforthechanginggrowingseasons."IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung，inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts，"saysEVE，oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden."WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething."（1）WhatinspiredMusktobedevotedtofoodindustry？A．Anaccident.B．JamieOliver'sspeech.C．Thepandemic.D．Thefarm﹣to﹣tablemovement.（2）WhatcanwelearnabouttheMillionGardensMovement？A．Ithasmainlyattractedyounggenerations.B．Ithasjustaccomplisheditstarget.C．Itmaybestimulatedbyalackoffoodsecurity.D．Itincreaseseconomicburdensforthepoor.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMusk？A．Charitable.B．Honest.C．Flexible.D．Strict.（4）WhyisEVEtakenasanexample？A．Todemonstratetheprogramtobenon﹣profit.B．Tosharehisexperienceinafooddesert.C．Toencouragepeopletostartafreegarden.D．Toclarifythereasonwhyhelovesagarden.

2025年高考英语一轮复习之代词参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共16小题）1．（2024•北辰区校级模拟）Thelatestreportmade______clearthatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly.（）A．one B．what C．it D．this【分析】最新的报告明确指出，气候变化将对最贫穷的国家产生最强烈的影响。【解答】A.one一个；B.what什么；C.it它；D.this这个。"thatclimatechangewillinfluencethepoorestcountriesmoststrongly"是that引导的宾语从句，作made的宾语，空格处用it作形式宾语。故选：C。【点评】it可以用来代替this或that，指代前面提到的物，或猜测中不确定的人，或指时间、距离、环境、天气等，以避免重复使用代词或者需要使用代词的地方出现语义上的混淆。2．（2024•天津模拟）Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter﹣schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.（）A．ones B．those C．that D．them【分析】一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加的学生更快乐。【解答】分析句子成分可知，此处指代上文thestudents，且后跟定语，应用those。故选：B。【点评】本题考查不定代词的用法。单项选择题考查内容广泛，涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面，设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。3．（2024•河西区三模）Shedidn'tunderstandwhyIpaidarepairmanwhenmybrotherwoulddoitfor．（）A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．something【分析】她不明白为什么我弟弟可以免费做的事情我却要花钱雇一个修理工去做．【解答】答案：A考查不定代词．连词when引导让步状语从句，表示虽然、尽管．why引导的宾语从句中，虽然我的弟弟可以（免费）做，我却花钱雇佣修理工去做，paidarepairman对应了doitfornothing．A符合语境．故选：A．【点评】本题考查不定代词．熟记不定代词的含义及用法，结合语境作出正确选择．4．（2024•和平区模拟）Educationreformhassweptacrossschools，bringingwith__________newopportunitiesforstudentstodevelopinanall﹣roundway．（）A．one B．it C．them D．those【分析】教育改革席卷学校，给学生带来了全面发展的新机遇．【解答】根据句意和结构可知这里使用it指代上文的Educationreform，it代指同类同物；one是泛指可数名词单数，them它们；those指代可数名词复数．故选：B。【点评】人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词．它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致．5．（2024•滨海新区三模）ThenetworkofChina'shigh﹣speedtrainismuchlongerthan______inJapan.（）A．one B．that C．it D．this【分析】中国的高速列车网络比日本的要长得多。【解答】this这个；that作指示代词，指代前文提到的同类事物；而"it"只能作代词，指上文提到的同类事物。one作代词，指前文提到的同类事物的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物。此处指前文提到的高速列车网络，应用that指代。故选：B。【点评】考查指示代词。做题时，结合句意和选项，选择合适的代词填空。6．（2024•天津模拟）Itiscommonlybelievedthatthequalityofeducationinbigcitiesisbetterthaninruralareas，whichisoneofthereasonswhymoreandmorepeoplearemovingtoliveinbigcities.（）A．this B．it C．that D．one【分析】人们普遍认为，大城市的教育质量比农村地区好，这也是越来越多的人搬到大城市生活的原因之一。【解答】A．this这个；B．it它；C．that那个，指代上文提到的同类事物；D．one一个。结合句意，人们普遍认为，大城市的教育质量比农村地区好，这也是越来越多的人搬到大城市生活的原因之一。设空处指代thequalityofeducation，用that代替。故选：C。【点评】考查代词。做题时，分析句子结构，结合句意，选择合适的代词。7．（2024•南开区模拟）NowthepriceofgoodsontheInternetischeaperthan______inthemarket.（）A．it B．those C．that D．these【分析】现在互联网上的商品价格比市场上的便宜。【解答】A．it它；B．those那些；C．that那个，上文提到的某个事物；D．these这些。结合句意，现在互联网上的商品价格比市场上的便宜。设空处指代前文提到的theprice，应用that指代。故选：C。【点评】做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项，选择合适的内容填空。8．（2024•泰安一模）—Isit________mobilephone？—No，itisn't.________isleftintheoffice.（）A．you；I B．your；My C．yours；Mine D．your；Mine【分析】﹣﹣是你的手机吗？﹣﹣不，不是。我的留在办公室了。【解答】第一空用形容词性物主代词修饰mobilephone，your是形容词性物主代词，yours是名词性物主代词，因此第一空是your；第二空要用名词性物主代词mine，表示"我的"，相当于mymobilephone。故选：D。【点评】考查代词词义辨析，弄清楚各个代词的含义并区别各个代词之间的差异，了解某些代词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。9．（2024•青岛一模）Ourteachersandparentswillbeproudofusbecausewehavegrownupandcanberesponsiblefor.（）A．themselves B．ourselves C．yourselves D．us【分析】我们的老师和父母会为我们感到骄傲，因为我们已经长大了，可以对自己负责。【解答】主语和宾语为同一个人，用反身代词oneself作宾语；本句主语为we，故宾语为ourselves。B项正确。故选：B。【点评】考查代词词义辨析，弄清楚各个代词的含义并区别各个代词之间的差异，了解某些代词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。10．（2023•河南一模）Ifyouseethingsinanegativelight，youwillfindfaultseverywhereandproblemswheretherearereally________．（）A．none B．some C．many D．nothing【分析】如果你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，而实际上根本就没有问题．【解答】考查不定代词的用法．none无，没有；some若干；一些；many许多；nothing什么都没有；一点儿都没有．根据句意，A项正确．none暗示一种数量，即指数量上"一个也没有"．nothing指物，一般用来回答含anything的一般问句及what引起的特殊疑问句．故选：A。【点评】本题考查不定代词的用法．不定代词的应用是高中英语考查的重点，熟记每个代词的用法，注意每个代词之间用法含义上的不同．解题时结合语境具体分析，选择正确答案．11．（2023•北辰区模拟）﹣﹣﹣Oh，MyEnglishnovelismissing.﹣﹣﹣IsawTomleavingwith______，butIamnotsurewhetheryourswasincluded.（）A．one B．it C．some D．that【分析】﹣﹣我的英语小说不见了。﹣﹣我看见汤姆带着一些英语小说离开了，但是我不确定你的是不是在里面。【解答】A.one一个人（或事物），（用于代替名词，指代某类明确的人或事物）；B.it它（上文中所提到的人或事）C.some一些；D.that那个（指代上文中所提到的不可数名词或者可数名词单数）。本句中的some代替复数形式someEnglishnovels，因为后面有whetheryourswasincluded，可知他带走的应该是复数形式。故C正确。故选：C。【点评】首先，分析选项的词义，再结合句意选出正确的答案。12．（2023•东丽区校级模拟）It'sreportedthatmanycouplesinthiscountryagedfrom30to35think_________challengingtogivebirthtoasecondchild.（）A．that B．it C．themselves D．this【分析】据报道，该国许多年龄在30岁至35岁之间的夫妇认为生二胎具有挑战性。【解答】分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定句型：主语+v+it+adj+todo，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故选：B。【点评】it的用法是高中英语较常见的考点，尤其是it作形式主语/宾语的用法，平时注意积累，做题时仔细分析句子结构判断it的作用。13．（2022•河东区一模）I'mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______inthecity．（）A．ones B．one C．that D．those【分析】我将搬到农村去因为那儿的空气比城里的更新鲜．【解答】解答：C考查指示代词用法．one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词；that为特指，相当于the+名词．此处应是theair，故选C．air是不可数名词，没有复数形式，不能用复数代词代替，排除A、D项复数形式．【点评】解答此类问题，要弄清楚各个代词的词义及用法，根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案．14．（2022•宁河区校级模拟）Mr.Zhanggavememanyvaluablepresents，_______thatIhadneverseen.（）A．ones B．one C．those D．theones【分析】张先生给了我许多贵重的礼物，这些礼物都是我从未见过的。【解答】一般来说，one代表前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数，ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数（前面总带有形容词作定语，不能单独使用），those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数，theones特指前面出现的复数名词，相当于the+复数可数名词，相当于those。分析句子结构可知，空处作前面复数名词presents的同位语，所以用复数代词，泛指张先生送的一类礼物，所以用代词ones。故选：A。【点评】考查指示代词，弄清楚各个指示代词的含义及用法，准确地翻译句子，然后根据题意选择最符合题意的答案。15．（2022•河西区校级一模）Thelittleboyboughttwoball﹣pens，writingwell.（）A．noneofthem B．noneofwhich C．neitherofthem D．neitherofwhich【分析】这个小男孩买了两支圆珠笔，但它们都不好写。【解答】句意：这个小男孩买了两支圆珠笔，但它们都不好写。根据上文twoball﹣pens可知表示"两者都不"应用neitherof；noneof用于三者及以上；此处用逗号与主句分开，但与主句没有使用任何连接词，为独立主格结构，后面用代词them。故选：C。【点评】不定代词，是英语语法术语，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。16．（2022•和平区校级二模）—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates？—Mostofthemarekind，but______issogoodtomeasBruce.（）A．none B．noone C．everyone D．someone【分析】﹣你觉得你的新同学怎么样？﹣他们大多数人都很善良，但没有人对我像布鲁斯那样好。【解答】A．none没有一个；毫无；B．noone没有人；没有任何人；C．everyone每个人；D．someone某人。none往往暗示有一定的范围，即指在特定范围内没有一个人，而noone则不暗示这种范围。结合句意，A符合语意。故选：A。【点评】做题时，分析句子，结合句意和选项做出判断。二．完形填空（共1小题）17．（2023•东城区校级模拟）MywifeandIusuallydon'tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer，Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand（1）Aaroundus.Lastyear，myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.Tendingtotheplantgavemeasenseof（2）CatatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician，Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho（3）Ccare.Wateringtheplant（4）BmetoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However，afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition，theplant（5）Dbegantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept（6）Banddroppingtothefloor."Ican'tevencareforasimpleplant!"Iyelled."Ifmyluckybamboodies，Imightdietoo!"Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedmecomfort.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling，Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand（7）A.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown（8）D—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy（9）Blessened，Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.Itransplantedittoalargerpot，andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow，webothbegantothrive（旺盛）again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot，ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan（10）C.（1）A．aliveB．primitiveC．delicateD．mature（2）A．warmthB．reliefC．achievementD．security（3）A．valuedB．neededC．providedD．lacked（4）A．addedB．connectedC．adaptedD．compared（5）A．casuallyB．interestinglyC．genuinelyD．mysteriously（6）A．spreadingB．browningC．wavingD．dancing（7）A．fearfulB．innocentC．faithfulD．dishonest（8）A．dreamB．successC．capabilityD．survival（9）A．discontentB．anxietyC．doubtD．sympathy（10）A．giveB．shareC．decideD．preserve【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了得了脑癌之后，作者开始养绿植，结果因为自己的焦虑让叶子开始变黄，作者意识到了自己的错误观念，减轻了焦虑，绿植也恢复了健康。【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.alive有生命的，活着的；B.primitive原始的；C.delicate柔和的；D.mature成熟的。句意：但是在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢我们周围有绿色和有生命的东西的想法。根据后文"Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand"指绿色有生命的东西，故选A。（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.warmth温暖；B.relief安慰；C.achievement成就；D.security安全。句意：照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，因为我有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用。根据后文"atatimewhenIsometimesfeltuselessbecausemyabilitytomovewaslimited"可知，作者有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用，所以照顾这棵植物给了自己一种成就感，故选C。（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.valued重视；B.needed需要；C.provided提供；D.lacked缺少。句意：作为一名医生，我已经习惯了提供护理。根据后文"Icouldstillbeacaregiver"指提供护理，故选C。（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.added增加；B.connected联系；C.adapted改编；D.compared比较。句意：给植物浇水让我想起了我过去身份的一个核心部分，并让我知道我仍然可以成为一名照顾者。根据后文"metoacorepartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver"可知，给植物浇水让作者想起了过去身份的核心部分，connectsb.to表示"将……与联系"。故选B。（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.casually随意地；B.interestingly有趣地；C.genuinely真诚地；D.mysteriously难以理解地，神秘地。句意：然而，在完美的条件下生长了几个星期后，植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。根据后文"NomatterwhatIdid，theleaveskept"植物开始掉叶子，可知，作者也不知为何植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。故选D。（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.spreading传播；B.browning褐变；C.waving挥舞；D.dancing舞蹈。句意：不管我怎么做，叶子还是变黄掉到地上。根据后文"anddroppingtothefloor"指叶子变黄掉到地上。故选B。（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.fearful害怕的；B.innocent无辜的；C.faithful忠实的；D.dishonest不诚实的。句意：但当树挣扎时，我感到越来越不安和恐惧。根据上文"Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand"可知，树的状态让作者感到不安和害怕。故选A。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.success成功；C.capability能力；D.survival幸存。句意：几个月后，当我从手术中恢复过来时，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的精心培育——我至少还能控制的事情﹣﹣﹣和我自己的生存﹣﹣﹣我无法控制的事情联系在一起。结合上文可知作者得了癌症，所以是生存是无法控制的事情。故选D。（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.discontent不满足；B.anxiety焦虑；C.doubt怀疑；D.sympathy同情。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习在线教程，弄清楚如何照顾这棵树。根据上文"IrealizedIhadwronglylinkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant"可知，作者明白了其中的道理，焦虑也减轻了。故选B。（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.give给予；B.share分享；C.decide决定；D.preserve保护。句意：现在，每当我看着新花盆里的树，我就会放松下来，想想我能决定的事情。呼应上文"somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol"指作者开始思考自己能够控制决定的事情。故选C。【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。三．阅读理解（共3小题）18．（2023•雨花区校级一模）Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震动）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.ThesmartwindowalsocomeswithavoiceassistantthatusesAItoidentifythesceneandhelpthepassengersgetinformationonwhatthey'reseeing."Astheprototypestartedtakingshape，werealizedweweregivingbirthtoacompletelynewlanguagethatwouldgiveblindpeopleanewchancetovisualizeandexperiencetraveling，"FedericoRusso，onedirectorofGTBRoma，said."Whentheideawasatitsfirststage，welookedforsuppliersallaroundtheworldtomakeitcometolife."Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars."Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways."ThetechnologymayshowupinaFordautonomousvehicle.It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.It'sunclearwhenthistechnologywillbemadeavailable.However，theideaofbuildingsomethingforthelessadvantagedisindeedakindandinfluentialaction.（1）Howdoesthesmartcarwindowwork？DA．Bychangingshadesofcolors.B．Byrecordingtheviewwithacamera.C．Byclassifyingshakingmovements.D．Bytranslatingsceneryintovibrations.（2）WhatdoesFedericoRussosayaboutthetechnology？AA．Itwillhavewideapplication.B．Itwillbetestedacrosstheworld.C．Itwillbeusedinschoolsfirst.D．Itwillunderstandmanylanguages.（3）WhatdifficultyisFordfacing？CA．Developingautonomouscars.B．Exploringtheirfuturebusinessmodel.C．Providingrouteinformation.D．Applyingthetechnologytoeverydaylife.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？BA．AI﹣basedWindowAddsFuntoRoadTrips.B．SmartWindowLetsBlindPassengersFeelViews.C．TechnologyMakestheBlind'sTripEnjoyable.D．FordDevelopsaSystemfortheBlindtoDrive.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。福特公司联合GTBRoma和AedoProject研发了一款智能车窗，帮助盲人感受旅途中的风景，带给盲人全新的旅行体验。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的Theprototype（原型）ofthesmartcarwindowhasadevicewithanoutside﹣facingcamera.Withjustapressofabutton，thesystemtakesapictureofthecurrentview.ThecolorfulpictureisthenturnedintoanimagewithdifferentshadesofgreythroughLEDlights，whichvibrates（震动）differently.Asthefingerpassesoverdifferentregionsoftheimage，itsshakingmovementsprovidefeedbackthroughthesenseoftouchtothepersonusingit.（智能车窗的原型带有一个面向外部的摄像头。只需按下一个按钮，系统就会为当前视图拍照。然后，彩色图片通过不同振动的LED灯转换成不同灰度的图像。当手指经过图像的不同区域时，它的晃动运动通过触觉向使用者提供反馈。）可知智能车窗是通过将风景转化为振动来工作的。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据第三段的Hebelievesthetechnologycanbeemployednotjustincars（他认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车）和Itcouldbeintroducedintoschoolsandinstitutionsforblindpeopleasatoolthatcouldbeusedinmultipleways.（它可以被引入盲人学校和机构，作为一种可以多种用途的工具。）可知，FedericoRusso认为，这项技术不仅可以应用于汽车，还可以作为一种多用途的工具引入盲人学校和为盲人服务的机构。由此可推知，FedericoRusso认为这项技术有广泛的应用价值。故选A。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段的It'sknownthatthecompanyistestingtheirtechnologyandfuturebusinessmodelandstrugglingtofigureouthowanautonomousvehiclegivesdifferentpassengersthedetailsneededtogetfromonedestinationtoanother.（据悉，该公司正在测试他们的技术和未来的商业模式，并努力弄清楚自动驾驶汽车如何为不同的乘客提供从一个目的地到另一个目的地所需的细节。）可推知，福特面临的困难是提供线路信息。故选C。（4）标题概括题。阅读全文尤其是第一段内容Fromrollinghillstomountainranges，viewsmakeanyroadtripmemorable，butforblindpassengerthisispartoftheexperiencetheymiss.MotorcompanyFordtriestochangethat.ItteamedupwithGTBRomaandAedoProject—todevelopatechnologythatwillgivethoseunfortunatepassengersawaytofeelnature'sbeautythroughtheircarwindows.（从连绵起伏的丘陵到山脉，沿途的景色让任何一次公路旅行都令人难忘，但对