2021广东增城市高考英语语法填空及阅读类课外自选练习(5)(答案)

2021广东增城市高考英语语法填空及阅读类课外自选练习（5）（答案）语法填空阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为〜的相应位置上。THE2,298-kiIometerBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway16_____(official)openedtopassengersonDecember26，2022.Itistheworld’slongesthigh-speedrailroute.The17_____(design)speedofthetrackis350km︿,thoughspeedsduringtheinitialperiodofoperationwillbelimitedtoabout300km/h.ThenewroutecutsthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandGuangzhoualmosttwothirds,from22hourstoroughlyeighthours.OnDecember1,2022，notlongbeforetheopeningoftheBeijing-GuangzhouHigh-speedRailway,theHarbin-DalianHigh-speedRailway,19_____firsthigh-speedlineevertocrosslandthatliesfrozenforalmosthalfayear,beganoperations,20_____allowspassengerstoappreciatetheviewoffthecoastfromDalianinthemorning,21_____thewintersnowscapeoffrostyHarbinintheafternoon.Atpresentthetotal22_____(long)ofhigh-speedlinesinChina23_____(reach)9,349km.Withfourmainlines24_____(run)east-westandfournorth-south,thecountry’shigh-speedtrainnetworkistheworld’slargest.Chinaplanstoexpand25_____high-speedrailwaynetworkto50，000km【参考答案】语法填空：16.officially17.designed18.by19.the20.which21.and22.length23.hasreached24.running25.its完形填空。完型填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从以下题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FarleyworkedfortheCanadiangovernment.Oneday,hewas__1__tolearnmoreaboutwolves.Dowolveskilllotsofcaribou（北美驯鹿）?Dotheykillpeople?Theygavehimlotsoffoodandclothesandguns.Thentheyputhimonaplaneandtookhimto__2__.Theplaneputhimdownandwentaway.Therewerenohousesorpeopleinthisplace.Buttherewerelotsofanimalsandlotsofwolves.Peopletellterriblestoriesaboutwolves.Theysaywolvesliketokillandeatpeople.Farleyrememberedthesestories,andhewas__3__.Hehadhisgunwithhim__4_.Thenoneday,hesawagroupofwolves.Therewasamotherwolfwithfourbabywolves.Afatherwolfandanotheryoungwolflivedwiththem.Farleywatchedthesewolveseveryday.Themotherwasavery__5__mother.Shegavemilktoherbabies.Shegavethemlessonsaboutlife.Theylearnedhowto__6__food.Thefatherwolfgotfoodforthemother.Theyoungwolf__7__thechildren.Theywereanice,happyfamily—wolffamily!Farleydidnotneedhis__8__anymore.Inashorttime,hegotonwellwiththefamily.Farleywatchedthemforfivemonths.Helearnedthatmanystoriesaboutthewolveswere__9__.Wolvesdonoteatpeople,andtheydonoteatmanylargeanimals.Andhealsolearnedbadthingsaboutmen.Itwasmenwhokilledmanycaribouandwolves.Later,Farleywroteabookaboutwolves.Hewantedpeopleto__10__themandnottokillthem.名师点评狼历来被世人视为凶残的动物,事实是否的确如此呢？带着这一疑问，Farley进行了实地考察，在和狼进行了零距离的接触后,转变了自己的观点。本文告知我们要学会依据事实说话。()1.A.seen B.told C.heard D.found【解析】B。Farley是政府工作人员。从上下文得知,他是被派去进行调查和争辩狼的习性的，故选told。()2.A.asmalltown B.abigcity C.afarplace D.alonelyvillage【解析】C。依据下文飞机把Farley送到了一个没有房屋和人的地方,说明白这个地方不行能是城市,小镇和村庄故afarplace为正确答案。()3.A.afraid B.happy C.angry D.tired【解析】A。狼吃人的恐怖故事给孤身一人的Farley带来的应是afraid。()4.A.attimes B.allthetime C.onceaweek D.everyafternoon【解析】B。由于Farley可怕,所以枪应始终不能离身。allthetime意为“始终、始终”。()5.A.bad B.good C.hungry D.thirsty【解析】B。依据下文的描述，狼妈妈给孩子们喂奶，对孩子们进行训练，可见是一位好妈妈，故选good。()6.A.cook B.make C.get D.pick【解析】C。狼只能猎取食物,而不能烧食物,生产食物。get合乎文意，为正确答案。()7.A.shoutedat B.lookedinto C.laughedatD.playedwith【解析】D。shoutat意为“朝……大声叫喊”；lookinto意为“调查、观看”；laughat意为“赞扬……”。这三个词组都不符文意。playwith意为“和……一起玩耍”，合文意为正确答案。()8.A.food B.clothes C.gun D.plane【解析】C。thenicehappywolffamily让Farley不再可怕，因此也就不再需要枪了，故选择gun。()9.A.notgood B.nottrue C.noteasy D.notclear【解析】B。由于他的亲身体验与他所听到的相违反，说明以前关于狼的说法是不对的,故选nottrue。()10.A.growB.have C.teach D.understand【解析】D。understand意为“了解”合乎文意，为正确答案。阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。(2021·太原市二模，B)MARCH05,2021TOKYO(AFP)—AfatherfrozetodeathwhileshelteringhisnineyearolddaughterfromsevereweekendsnowstormsthatsweptnorthernJapan.MikioOkada,oneofatleastninepeoplekilledassnowstormssweptacrossHokkaido(北海道),diedashetriedtoprotecthisonlychildNatsuneagainstwindsofupto109kilometersperhourinYubetsu,Hokkaido,astemperaturesfellsharplytominus6degreescentigrade.Okada'sbodywasuncoveredbyrescuerslookingforthepairafterrelativesraisedthealarm.Natsunewaswearingherfather'sjacketandwaswrappedinhisarms.Thepairhadlastbeenheardfromat4p.m.onSaturday,afterfishermanOkadapickedhisdaughterupfromaschoolwhereshewasbeinglookedafterwhilehewasatwork.Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow,whichwasseveralmetersdeepinplaces.HetoldthemheandNatsunewouldwalktheremainingkilometre.Thetwowerefoundjust300metersfromthetruckat7a．m.onSunday.Okadahadhisbodybentoverhisdaughter,gentlyholdingherinhisarmsandapparentlyusinghisbodyandawarehousewalltoprovideshelter.Thesmallgirlwastakentohospital,whereshewasfoundtohavenoseriousinjuries.Herfatherwasofficiallypronounceddeadbydoctorsatthesamehospital.ThenewspaperYomiurisaidNatsune'smotherhaddiedofillnesstwoyearsearlier.ThepaperquotedneighborsassayingOkadahadbeenanextremelycaringfatherwhowouldoftendelaythestartofhisworkingdaytoenjoybreakfastwithhisdaughter.HisdeathcameasfamiliesalloverJapancelebratedGirls'Day,afestivalinwhichtheygatherathomeanddecoratehouseswithdolls.“HereservedacakeforhisonlydaughterandwaslookingforwardtocelebratingDolls'Festivaltogether，”aneighbortoldtheYomiuri.文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在日本发生的一场暴风雪，父亲为了疼惜女儿被冻死的感人故事。8．Whenthedisasterhappened,thefatheranddaughterwere________.A．returninghomeaftervisitingrelativesB．just300metersawayfromhomeC．drivinghomeafteravisittoahospitalD．ontheirwayhomefromthegirl'sschool答案：D细节理解题。依据文章其次段第三、四句“...afterfishermanOkadapickedhisdaughterupfromaschool...histruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow...”可知，D项正确。9．Whichofthefollowingdoesn'tshowthefather'sloveforhisdaughter?A．Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuck.B．Okadahadhisbodybentoverhisdaughter.C．OkadahadbeenlookingforwardtoDolls'Festival.D．Natsunewaswearingherfather'sjacket.答案：A细节理解题。文章其次段第四句“Okadacalledhisrelativestosayhistruckhadbecomestuckinthedrivingsnow...”只是在陈述一个事实，并不能显示父女情深。故A项正确。本题可用排解法。10．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Therelativeswerenotcarefulenoughandraisedthealarmtoolate.B．NoonecaredforNatsuneathomewhileherdadwasatwork.C．Therescuers'delayresultedintheavoidabledeath.D．OkadahadjustcelebratedGirls'Daywithhisdaughterbeforehedied.答案：B推理推断题。依据文章其次段第三句“...whereshewasbeinglookedafterwhilehewasatwork”可推知，在Okada上班时，没有人照看女儿。故B项正确。11．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．9yearoldgirlmadeorphaninsnowstormB．Snowstormtakesaway9yearoldgirl'sfatherC．FatherdiesshelteringdaughterfromsnowstormD．Japanesedaddiesinsnowstorm答案：C标题概括题。依据文章第一段第一句及对文章的整体描述可知，C项做标题最恰当。【阅读理解】Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,M