2021辽宁丹东市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习(5)及答案

2021辽宁丹东市高考英语语法填空、阅读类自选练习（5）及答案语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】Ryan：Didyouhaveagoodvacation,Katie?Katie：Yeah!Itwas__1__(excite)？Probablymy__2__excitingvacationever!Ryan：Wow!Whatdidyoudo?Katie：Itookanature__3__(冒险)tour.Forthefirstpart,wewent__4__(hike)．Itwassomuchfun!Wehikedalltheway__5__thesebeautifulwaterfalls.Itooklotsofpictures.Ryan：Soundsgreat.So,whatelsedidyoudoonthetour?Katie：Well,thebestpartwasattheendofthetrip.Wewentskydiving.Canyoubelieveit?Ijumped__6__anairplane.Ryan：Wow!Katie：Yeah,itwasjustafantasticvacation.Howdidyouspendyourbreak,Ryan?Ryan：Oh,I__7__(drive)tovisitmyrelatives.Katie：Oh­huh.Didyouhaveagoodtime?Ryan：Well,itwasprettyboring，__8__.Itrainedeveryday__9__wehadtostayinside.WejuststayedhomeandwatchedTValot.Katie：Oh,that'stoobad.Ryan：No,that'sOK.Itreallywasveryrelaxing，__10__itwasalittleboring.1．______2.______3.______4.______5.______6．______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1．exciting考查形容词。此处修饰事情，故用exciting。2．most考查最高级。3．adventure考查名词。此处用名词作定语。4．hikinggohiking远足。5．upto直到那些秀丽的瀑布下。6．outof从飞机里跳出去。7．drove考查时态。此文记叙一件事情，应用过去时。8．actually考查副词。actually竟然。9．so考查连词。此处上下文为因果关系，故用so。10．eventhough考查让步状语从句，即使有点厌倦。完形填空。Sofar，about27countrieshavevisitedAntarcticaforscientificresearch.Hard__1__thelivingconditionsare，manyscientists__2__tostaythereforlongperiodsofresearch.So，howdotheymanagetheirlivesontheice?Well，duringthe__3__，thetemperatureinAntarcticareachesabout20℃.Itfallstoabout－60℃inwinter.So，__4__thereare24hoursofsunshine，scientistsmustkeepwearingallthecorrectclothesto__5Althoughhighlytechnicalclothingprovidesmuch__6__againsttheextremecold，scientistsoftenneedto__7__whenthereisanicywindblowingandthetemperatureis－30℃sonaturalprotectionsuchasfacial(面部的)haircanalso__8That's__9__manyresearchersweara__10__.Itreallydoeskeepyouwarm.Usually，thepolarresearchershave__11__meals.Some__12__havefeasts(盛宴)onholidayslikeChristmasandNewYear'sDay.__13__arealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.Lifeontheicemeanslivingwithotherresearchersin__14__livingspace.Mostpeoplesleepindorm­stylerooms.Someremotefieldcampsuse__15__tents.So，atleastsomeresearcherswon'tbe__16__byannoyingsnores(鼾声)．Butwhatdotheydofor__17__intheirsparetime？Thereareactuallyalotofthingstheycando.Theywatchmovies，readtonsofbooks，listentomusic，paintandski.Some__18__researchersmightevendosomeknitting(编织)．Itisimportantforapolarresearchertobeingoodphysicalcondition.Theycanberequiredto__19__toheightsofmorethan3,000metresandtheAntarcticatmospherehaslessoxygenthanthatofanyother__20__.1．A.as B．butC．because D．unless答案：A连词as在此引导一个让步状语从句。2．A.supposed B．usedC．ought D．have答案：D句意：尽管生活条件很艰苦，但很多科学家为了争辩不得不在那儿待上很长一段时间。本文主要记叙了在南极考察的科学家的生活状况，突出科学家的奉献精神。3．A.spring B．summerC．winter D．autumn答案：B与下文中的winter相呼应。4．A.asif B．aslongasC．eventhough D．incase答案：C句意：即使一天24小时阳光普照，科学家们也要穿上厚厚的衣服。5．A.prevent B．separateC．free D．protect答案：Dprotectsb.fromthecold意为“疼惜某人不被冻坏”。6．A.water B．foodC．air D．protection答案：D衣服是用来御寒保暖的。7．A.gooutside B．stayindoorsC．sleeponice D．workathome答案：A科学家们经常需要外出。8．A.help B．doC．mind D．depend答案：A天生的毛发也有助于防寒。9．A.how B．whereC．why D．when答案：C这就是很多争辩者留胡须的缘由。10．A.hat B．shirtC．raincoat D．beard答案：Dwearabeard“留胡须”。11．A.bad B．goodC．sweet D．common答案：B从下文得知，极地争辩者的饮食是不错的。12．A.even B．stillC．ever D．yet答案：Aeven用于加强语气。13．A.Books B．VegetablesC．Songs D．Letters答案：B这一段讲的都是饮食状况。“Vegetablesarealwayswelcomedandusuallyfinishedquickly.”意为：蔬菜总是很受欢迎，而且常是很快就被吃完。14．A.comfortable B．brightC．tight D．big答案：C极地科学家的生活空间不行能格外宽敞。15．A.common B．advancedC．small D．separate答案：D一些偏远野外宿营地使用单独的帐篷。16．A.caughtup B．keptupC．madeup D．bothered答案：D独居不会被鼾声打搅。17．A.sports B．funC．work D．research答案：B这一段讲的是科学家们业余时间的支配。forfun“取乐”。18．A.women B．manC．polar D．Russian答案：A编织通常为女性所为。19．A.skate B．runC．climb D．fly答案：C他们可能得爬到海拔3000多米的高处。20．A.state B．cityC．continent D．country答案：C南极洲是一个洲，因此选择名词continent与之相对应。阅读理解。Whichareyoumorelikelytohavewithyouatanygivenmoment—yourcell­phoneoryourwallet?Soonyoumaybeabletothrowyourwalletawayandpayforthingswithaquickwaveofyoursmartphoneoveranelectronicscanner.InJanuary，Starbucksannouncedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuycoffeein6,800ofitsstores.Thisisthefirstpay­by­phonepracticeintheU．S.，butwe'relikelytoseemorewirelesspaymentalternativesassomethingcallednearfieldcommunication(NFC)getsintoAmerica'sconsumerelectronics.LastDecember，somenewsmartphoneswhichcontainanNFCchipwereintroducedtothepublic.AlreadyinuseinpartsofAsiaandEurope，NFCallowsshopperstowavetheirphonesafewinchesaboveapaymentterminal—acontact­freesystembuiltforspeedandconvenience.ButbeforeNFCbecomeswidelyadoptedintheU．S.，afewproblemsneedtobeworkedout，likewhowillgettocollecttheprofitabletransaction(交易)fees.Althoughsomecreditcardprovidershavebeenexperimentingwithwave­and­paysystemsthatuseNFC­enabledcreditcards，cellphoneserviceprovidersmaytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint­of­sale(POS)market.Threebigcellphoneserviceprovidershaveformedajointventure(合资企业)thatwillgointooperationoverthenext15months.Itsgoalis“toleadtheU．S.paymentsindustryfromcardstomobilephone.”TheotherbigNFCissue，apartfromhowpaymentswillbeprocessed，issecurity.Forinstance，what'stostopathieffromdigitallypickpocketingyou?“We'restillnotatthepointwhereanattackercanjustbrushagainstyouinacrowdandstealallthemoneyoutofyourphone，”saysJimmyShah，amobilesecurityresearcher，“Usersmayalsobeabletosettransactionlimits，perhapsrequiringapasswordtobeenteredforlargerpurchases.”Stilluneasyaboutthisdigital­walletbusiness？Keepinmindthatifyouloseyoursmartphone，itcanbelocatedonamapandremotelydisabled.Plus，yourphonecanbepasswordprotected.Yourwalletisn't.随着手机的普遍使用，以及手机功能的提升，如今，用手机付费购物都已经成了现实。随着第一部能够付费的手机的诞生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撑，付费购物手机很快便成为美国市场上的抢手货。17．WhatispredictedtohappenintheU．S.?A．Theexpansionofcellphonecompanies.B．Theboomofpay­by­phonebusiness.C．Thedisappearanceofcreditcards.D．TheincreaseofStarbuckssales.答案：B。推理推断题。从其次个段落的其次句话，随着第一部“用手机付费”的手机的上市，美国人会看到“morewirelesspayment”，可以推断出：这种手机会快速火起来，即犹如选项B所说的“boom”。18．TheNFCtechnologycanbeusedto________.A．ensurethesafetyofshoppers B．collecttransactionfeeseasilyC．makepurchasefasterandsimpler D．improvethequalityofcellphones答案：C。理解推断题。依据本段中关于NFC的说法“wirelesspaymentalternative”可以断定：这种无限付费方式自然是极其便利的，即：快捷的购物手段。故选项C的说法是对的。19．Threecellphoneserviceprovidersformajointventureto________.A.strengthentheirrelationship B.getashareinthepaymentsindustryC.sellmorecellphones D.testtheNFCtechnology答案：B。理解推断题。依据第三个段落“maytrytomuscletheirwayintothepoint­of­salemarket”以及最终一句话“Itsgoalis...”可以找到本问题的提示，即：为了打入这个新兴行业的市场，由此可见，选项B的说法与原文的信息句格外吻合。20．Accordingtothepassage，whatcanusersdoiftheylosetheirsmartphones?A.Stopthefunctioningoftheirphones. B.Setupapassword.C.Getallthemoneyoutoftheirphones. D.Cancellargepurchases.答案：A。细节推断题。从最终一段中的信息词“remotelydisabled”可以断定选项A是正确的。阅读理解。Doyouknowofanyonewhousesthetruthtodeceive(哄骗)?Whensomeonetellsyousomethingthatistrue,butleavesoutimportantinformationthatshouldbeincluded,hecangiveyouafalsepicture.Forexample,somemightsay,“Ijustwonahundreddollarsonthelottery(彩票).Itwasgreat.Itookthatdollarticketbacktothestoreandturneditinforonehundreddollars!”Thisguy’sawinner,right?Maybe,maybenot.Wethendiscoverthathebought$200worthoftickets,andonlyonewasawinner.He’sreallyabigloser!Hedidn’tsayanythingthatwasfalse,butheleftoutimportantinformationonpurpose.That’scalledahalf-truth.Half-truthsarenottechnicallylies,buttheyarejustasdishonest.Somepoliticiansoftenusethistrick.Let’ssaythatduringGovernorSmith’slastterm,herstatelostonemillionjobsandgainedthreemillionjobs.Thensheseeksanotherterm.Oneofheropponents(对手)says,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatelostonemillionjobs!”that’strue.However,andhoneststatementwouldhavebeen,“DuringGovernorSmith’sterm,thestatehadanetgainoftwomillionjobs.”Advertisers(广告商)willsometimesusehalf-truths.It’sagainstthelawtomakefalsestatementssotheytrytomisleadyouwiththetruth.Anadvertisementmightsay,“NineoutoftendoctorsadvisedtheirpatientstotakeYuckyPillsto