全国2021届高三英语试题8、9月分类解析：B单元-完形填空(B4-说明文)

B4说明文【英语卷(解析)·2021届河北省衡水中学高三小一调考试（202208）扫描版】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的ABCD四个选项，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Inthe1450sJohannesGutenberg,aGennanprinter,developedanewprintingpress(印刷机)。Thensingleletterscouldbe__41____inlinestocreateapageoftext.Thelettersweremadeofmetal.Eachonecouldbe___42___todifferentpartsofthepress,dependingonwhichwordswere___43____onacertainpage.Thiswasoneofthemostimportant___44_____inthehistoryofpringting.___45____,mostbookshadbeencreatedbycopyingouttextbyhand.The__46__ofasinglebookwouldtakemanyhoursorevendays.WiththeGutenbergpress,___47___couldbeprinttedinseveralseconds,andmanycopiesofbookscouldbecreatedinafewhours.Gutenberg'sprintingpresswasnotsomuchani___48____,however,asanimprovementofdevelopingtechnologies.TheChinesewerethefirsttousewoodenblocks(木刻版)，asearlyasthe8thcentury.Thengreat__49___wasmadearound1040.ThemovabletypewasinventedbyBiShenginChina.European___50____theprintingmethodscenturieslater.AnothercontributiontoCutenberg`ssystemalsocomefromtheEast,__51____.TheChineseinventedpaperusing___52___materials,includingoldclothes.ThekindoftheinexpensivepaperwasintroducedintoEuropein1000orso.Thiskindofpaperwas__53___forthenewEuropeanprintingpresses,__54____ittookintheonlyinkrequiredforthemetaltype.Printingsoonbecameanimportant__55___inarapidlygrowingworld.By1500,nearly35,000bookswereinprintworldwide.Buttheprintingpressdidnot___56___alotforalongtime.Inthe19thcentury,however,iron____57___woodinthepress`sframework.Andpaperbecame___58___incontinuousrollsratherthanmoreexpensivesinglepieces.Steamengines___59__thespeedatwhichthepressran.Inthelate1900s,theintroductionofbetterpressesgreatly__60___thetimeittooktoturnideasintobooks.41.A.usedB.putC.readD.written42.A.shownB.turnedC.movedD.added43.A.neededB.lostC.collectedD.found44.A.challengedB.studiesC.discoveriesD.developments45.A.RecentlyB.ImmediatelyC.PreviouslyD.Finally46.A.discussionB.productionC.instructionD.preparation47.A.pagesB.ideasC.modelsD.characters48.A.attractionB.expressinC.competitionD.invention49.A.accidentB.researchC.progressD.situation50.A.believedB.followedC.testedD.required51.A.paperB.woodC.lettersD.metal52.A.fineB.thinC.heavyD.cheap53.A.uselessB.specialC.goodD.impossible54.A.asB.althoughC.untilD.unless55.A.fashionB.industryC.trickD.belief56.A.applyB.helpC.workD.change57.A.replacedB.controlledC.becameD.protected58.A.necesaryB.availableC.normalD.valuable59.A.reachedB.limitedC.increasedD.kept60.A.madeB.allowedC.wastedD.reduced【答案】【学问点】B4说明文【文章综述】本文叙述的本文印刷术的进展。【答案解析】41B.考查动词辨析A.used使用；B.put放；C.read读；D.written写；句意：然后这些单一的字母被排列成行制成一个文本。Putsthinlines把。。东西排列成行，故选B项。42.C考查动词辨析A.shown呈现；B.turned转过来；C.moved移动；D.added增加；句意：依据版面对于他的需要，每个字母可以移动到不同的地方。依据句意可知每个字母都可以移动，故选C项。43.A考查动词辨析A.needed需要；B.lost失去；C.collected收集；D.found发觉；句意：依据版面对于他的需要，每个字母可以移动到不同的地方。依据句意选A项。44.D考查名词辨析A.challengesB.studies争辩；C.discoveries发觉；D.developments进展；句意：这是印刷史上最重要的进展之一。依据第一句话Inthe1450sJohannesGutenberg,aGennanprinter,developedanewprintingpress可知选D项。45.C考查副词辨析A.Recently最近；B.Immediately马上；C.Previously从前地；D.Finally最终地；句意：以前，很多的书可以能过手来进行抄写。依据语境可知在叙述以前的事情，故选C项。46.B考查名词辨析A.discussion争辩；B.production生产；C.instruction说明；D.preparation预备；句意：一本书的生产会花费数小时甚至一天的时间。依据上文提到mostbookshadbeencreatedbycopyingouttextbyhand可知选B项。47.A考查名词辨析A.pages页；B.ideas想法；C.models模型；D.characters角色；句意：用这种印刷机，在几秒钟内能打很多页，在几小时内就可印刷数本书。依据句意可知在几秒钟内印数页，再由页数构成书，故选A项。48.D考查名词辨析A.attraction吸引；B.expressin表达；C.competition竞赛；D.invention创造；句意：古腾堡印刷术做为一项科技的进展并不是一项创造。依据下方提到TheChinesewerethefirsttousewoodenblocks(木刻版)，asearlyasthe8thcentury.可知选D项。49.C考查名词辨析A.accident事故；B.research争辩；C.progress进步；D.situation状况；句意：然而比古腾堡印刷术早1040年。Makeprogress取得进步，故选C项。50.B考查动词辨析A.believed信任；B.followed跟随；C.tested检测；D.required要求句意：毕升创造活字印刷术，数世纪后欧洲也紧随其后。51.A考查名词辨析A.paper纸；B.wood木头；C.letters信；D.metal金属；句意：古腾堡另外一个贡献就是纸。依据下方提到TheChineseinventedpaper，故选A项。52.D考查形容词辨析A.fine好的；B.thin瘦；C.heavy重的；D.cheap廉价的；句意：中国创造了纸，用廉价的原料，包括旧衣服。依据下方提到ThekindoftheinexpensivepaperwasintroducedintoEuropein1000orso.可知选D项。53.C考查形容词辨析A.useless无用的；B.special特殊的；C.good好的；D.impossible不行能的；句意：这种纸有利于欧洲印刷术的进步。Begoodfor对。。有好处，故选C项。54.A考查连词辨析A.as由于；B.although虽然；C.until直到；D.unless除非；句意：由于它适用于这种金属类型的印刷的油墨。两个句子之间是因果关系，故选A项。55.B考查名词辨析A.fashion时尚；B.industry工业；C.trick技巧；D.belief信念；句意：印刷很快成为这个快速进展的世界的重要的工业。依据句意可知印刷成为一项产业，故选B项。56.D考查动词辨析A.apply申请；B.help挂念；C.work工作；D.change转变；句意：但印刷术在很长时间内并没有转变。依据but可知表示转折，故选D项。57.A考查动词辨析A.replaced代替；B.controlled把握；C.became成为；D.protected爱护；句意：到了19世纪，铁代替木头在印刷中的框架作用。依据语境时代在进展，技术越来越先进，故选A项。58.B考查形容词辨析A.necesary必要的；B.available可达到的；C.nor