2021广东省揭阳市高考英语学案：阅读理解练习(7)及答案解析(9月)

2021广东省揭阳市高考英语学案：阅读理解练习（7）及答案解析（9月）【英语卷(解析)·2021届河南省顶级名校高三入学定位考试（202208）】ASincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMilanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicSchoolinLausanne,SwitzerlandInthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles,”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Milan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.1.BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A.helptoupdatecomputersystemsB.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC.helpthedisabledtorecoverD.controlaperson'sthoughts2.How"didTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.B.Bytalkingtothemachine.C.Bymovinghishand.D.Byusinghismind.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchairD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchairTheteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A.makeprofitsfromthemB.provethetechnologyusefultothemC.makethemlivelongerD.learnabouttheirphysicalconditionWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Switzerland,theBCIB.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorksC.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabledD.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries【答案】【学问点】C8科普学问类【文章综述】本文主要叙述了电脑与人的大脑和脊椎等之间如何建立联系，以更好地为人类服务。【答案解析】1.B。解析：细节题，依据第一段Brain-computerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines可知brain-computer挂念残疾人将大脑的信息传递给电脑，也就是在大脑和电脑之间建立联系。故选B。

2.D。解析：细节题，依据第三段Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrightband可知Tavella在试验室是用大脑操作轮椅，故选D。3.C。解析：排序题。依据第五段Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair可知C的排序正确。4.B。解析：细节题。依据最终一段Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.可知用真正的病人验证就是为了证明它们是否对病人有用，故选B5.C。解析：概括题。通读全文，并依据文章关键段第一段推断文章的题目选C。阅读理解Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence（智力）intheanimalworld,self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware（意识）ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage（反射出的影像）．Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest."Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal,"saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFansB．M.deWaalofEmorydolphins."TheresearcherstestedHappy,MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.Theyputan8-foot-squaremirroronawalloftheanimals'playarea(outofthesightofzoovisitors)andrecordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit,andtoexaminepartsoftheirbodies.Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofherface.Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouchthemarkwithherlongnose.DianaReisssaid,"Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheirintelligenceinabetterway."1.Whatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimals?A.Whethertheyhavelargebrains.B．Whethertheyhaveself-awareness.C.Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.D.Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.2.Whydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetext?A.Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.B．Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.C.TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.D.Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.3.WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPatty?A.Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.B.Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.C.Shepaintedamarkonherownface.D.Shefoundthehiddencamera.【参考答案】1---3、BDB【英语卷(解析)·2021届河北省唐山市高三9月模拟考试（202209）WORD版】BTheCubaniguanaisaspeciesoflizard（蜥蜴）oftheiguanafamily．ItisthelargestoftheWestIndianrockiguanas,oneofthemostendangeredgroupsoflizards．ThisspecieswithredeyesandathicktailisoneofthelargestlizardsintheCaribbean．TheCubaniguanaisprimarilyherbivorous;95%ofitsdietconsistsoftheleaves,flowersandfruitsfromasmanyas30plantspecies,includingtheseasiderockbushandvariousgrasses．However,Cubaniguanasoccasionallyconsumeanimalmatter,andindividualshavebeenobservedeatingthedeadfleshofbirds,fishandcrabs,TheresearcherswrotethatquiteafewpeopleonIslaMagueyescouldhavecausedthisincident．TheCubaniguanaisdistributedthroughouttherockysoutherncoastalareasofmainlandCubaanditssurroundingislandswithawildpopulationboomingonIslaMagueyes,PuertoRico．ItisalsofoundontheCaymanIslandsofLittleCaymanandCaymanBrac,whereaseparatesubspeciesoccurs．FemalesguardtheirnestsitesandoftennestinsiteshalfdestroyedbyCubancrocodiles．Toavoidtheattackfromthem,theCubaniguanaoftenmakesitshomewithinornearprickly-pearcacti（仙人掌）．Ingeneralthespeciesisindecline,morequicklyonthemainlandthanontheoutlyingislands．Oneofthereasonsfortheirdeclineishabitatdestructioncausedbytheoverconsumingoffarmanimals,housingdevelopment,andthebuildingoftouristresortsonthebeacheswheretheanimalsprefertobuildtheirnests．Althoughthewildpopulationisindecline,thenumbersofiguanashavebeensharplyincreasedasaresultofcaptive-breeding（圈养）andotherconservationprograms．25．Theunderlinedword"herbivorous"（Paragraph2）probablymeans．A．dangerousB．gentleC．plant-eatingD．flesh-eating26．WhydoestheCubaniguanabuilditsnestnearprickly-pearcacti?A．Tokeepitselfcool．B．Togetthefoodeasily．C．Tostayawayfrompeople． D．Toavoidcrocodiles'attack．27．Howmanyreasonsarementionedforthehabitatdestruction?A．Two．B．Three．C,Four．D．Five．28．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext?A．TogiveusabriefintroductiontotheCubaniguana．B．ToshowheisconcernedabouttheCubaniguana．C．ToexplainreasonsfortheCubaniguana'sdecline．D．Todrawpeople'sattentiontotheendangeredCubaniguana．【答案】【学问点】C8科普学问类【文章综述】本文是篇科普类文章介绍是古巴岩鬣蜥的外形，饮食，分布及栖息地被破坏的现状。【答案解析】25.C词意猜想。依据其次段提到95%ofitsdietconsistsoftheleaves,flowersandfruitsfromasmanyas30plantspecies,includingtheseasiderockbushandvariousgrasses．百分之九十五他的饮食包括叶，花，水果多达30个物种，故食草型动物，故选C项。26.D细节理解题。依据第三段提到Toavoidtheattackfromthem,theCubaniguanaoftenmakesitshomewithinornearprickly-pearcacti可知为了避开来自他人的攻击，故选D项。27.B细节理解题。依据最终一段提到Oneofthereasonsfortheirdeclineishabitatdestructioncausedbytheoverconsumingoffarmanimals,housingdevelopment,andthebuildingoftouristresortsonthebeacheswheretheanimalsprefertobuildtheirnests可知被破坏缘由是农场动物的消费造成的栖息地的破坏,房地产开发和建设旅游度假村，故选B项。28.A推断题。第一段是对它的所属家庭的介绍，其次段介绍它的饮食，第三段讲它的分布，第四段讲面临灭亡的缘由，故选A项。【英语卷(解析)·2021届河北省衡水中学高三小一调考试（202208）扫描版】CIt’sillegalforthepolicetoattachaGPSunittoyourcarwithoutyourpermission,astheU.S.SupremeCourtsettledin2022.Butifthepoliceareinhotpursuitofabankrobberorotherescapingcriminalsthatthreatenpublicsafety,aGPStrackerisacceptable.ButexactlyhowcanthepoliceGPStrackacarthatismovingfast?TheanswertothatquestioncomesfromStarChase,anewpolicetechnologybeingusedbyasmall-butgrowingnumberoflawenforcementagencies.Itallowsthepolicetofire4.5-inchglue-coveredGPSbullet-likeprojectiles(放射体)fromanairgunfixedintheirpolicecars.IftheGPStrackermakescontactwiththeescapingrobber’scar,it’llsticknomatterhowfastthevehicleisgoing.Thatway,thepolicewillhaveaconstantreadonthecar’slocationandheading.Asidefromsimplyapprehending(逮捕)criminals,it’sbelievedthisnewtechnologycouldhelpsavelives.IfthepolicesuccessfullyfireaGPSunitataspeedingcriminal,theycanpullbackfromahigh-riskchase.Chasescanbeincrediblydangeroustoallinvolved,includinginnocentbystandersandotherdrivers.OncetheGPSbulletconnects,there’snoneedforthechaseanylonger.Now,predictably,aGPS-loadedgunisn’tcheap.Policedepartmentsneedtopayabout$5,000pervehicleforthetechnology,andindividualGPSbulletscostasmuchas$250each.Thatmaysoundexpensive,butremember:Thealternativeisoftenthousandsofdollarsinpropertydamage,andgreathumancostininjuryandlostlife.AccordingtoStarChase,theirGPSbulletsystemhasanapprehensionrateof80%withoutanyreportofinjuryorpropertydamage.Ifyou’dliketolearnmoreabouttheStarChasesystem,PopularMechanicshasjustpublishedagoodarticleaboutit.There’salsoplentymoreinformationavailableatthecompany’swebsite.28.WhentheGPSbulletstickstotheescapingrobber’scar,thepolicecan______.A.knowthecar’sconditionB.ensuretherobber’ssafetyC.playafairgamewiththerobberD.knowthecar’spositionanddirection29.TheGPSbulletscouldhelpsavelivesmainlybecauseA.thebulletswon’thurtpeopleB.theycanmaketherobber’scarstopC.thepolicecanstopthedangerouschasingD.theyhavemoreadvantagesthannormalbullets30.FromthetextwecanlearnthatGPSbulletsA.areusefulforthepoliceB.arewidelyusedinAmericaC.cancontroltherisingcrimerateD.canreplacethepoliceinthefuture31.InwhichpartofanewspapercanwereadthetextA.LifeB.NatureC.FashionD.Technology【答案】【学问点】C8科普学问类【文章综述】本文叙述一种新型的GPS定位追踪子弹头，可用来追捕罪犯，来确定他的公位置与方向，也可用来避开高风险的追捕【答案解析】28.D细节理解题。依据其次提到IftheGPStrackermakescontactwiththeescapingrobber’scar,it’llsticknomatterhowfastthevehicleisgoing.Thatway,thepolicewillhaveaconstantreadonthecar’slocationandheading.可知用来知道抢劫犯的位置与方向，故选D项。29.C细节理解题。依据其次段提到IfthepolicesuccessfullyfireaGPSunitataspeedingcriminal,theycanpullbackfromahigh-riskchase.Chasescanbeincrediblydangeroustoallinvolved,includinginnocentbystandersandotherdrivers.可知假如警察把这种装置安在犯罪的车上，他们可以撤出高风险的追赶，避开危及自身以及四周无辜的群众，故选C项。30.A推断题。依据最终一段提到AccordingtoStarChase,theirGPSbulletsystemhasanapprehensionrateof80%withoutanyreportofinjuryorpropertydamage.依据定位卫星，这个定位装置有个百分之八十的成功率，推断用于警方，故选A项。31.D推断题。本文叙述一种新型的GPS定位追踪子弹头，可用来追捕罪犯，来确定他的公位置与方向，也可用来避开高风险的追捕，所以这篇文章毁灭在科技版面，故选D项。【阅读理解】Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence(智力)intheanimalworld，self­awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware(意识)ofitselfhasahighlevelofintelligence.Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,thatis,itsownreflectedimage(反射出的影像).Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingverylittleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans，andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesanddolphins，havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself­reflectiontest.“Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal，”saidDianaReissoftheWildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFans B.M.deWaalofE