【2021春走向高考】高三英语一轮(人教版)复习练习：必修4-Unit-3

第一部分必修四Unit3Ⅰ.语法单句填空1．(2021·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding,________(throw)hard­edgedshadowsontheground.答案：throwing考查非谓语动词。句意：阳光光明而刺眼，在地上投射出轮廓清楚的影子。throw这一动作和主语sunlight之间是主动关系，且强调一种自然的结果，所以应用动词－ing的主动形式。2．(2022·四川改编)It'ssurprisingthatyourbrotherpick________Russiansoquickly—hehasn'tlivedthereverylong.答案：up句意：真令人惊异，你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语——他在那没住多长时间。pickup捡起，捡起，学会。3．Thereappearedan________(astonish)lookonherfaceonhearingthe________(astonish)story.答案：astonished;astonishing考查非谓语动词。句意：听了那个令人吃惊的故事，她的脸上露出吃惊的表情。表示情感变化的动词的过去分词常用来修饰说明人或人的表情(look，expression)、声音(voice)、微笑(smile)等，这类动词的－ing形式常用来修饰说明事物。4．________(convince)ofhishonesty,wedecidedtodependonhim________(carry)outthesecretorder.答案：Convinced;tocarry考查非谓语动词。句意：由于坚信他的恳切，所以我们打算依靠他来执行这道密令。beconvincedof坚信，确信，在此处作缘由状语，要用过去分词形式；carryout执行；dependonsb.todosth.依靠某人做某事，为固定句型。5．Inasportsteameachplayerhasaclearrole，andtherearefewoccasions________membersareuncertainoftheirroles.答案：when句意：在一个运动队中每位队员都有清楚的角色意识，在很少场合下会毁灭队员不清楚自己角色的状况。occasion表示“场合；(重大的)时刻(节)，时机，机会”。6．Lifeisbynomeansperfectsincedifficultiesareunavoidable,butI________(convince)thatlifeis10percentwhathappensbut90percenthowwereacttoit.答案：amconvinced句意：由于困难无法避开，所以生活绝不行能完善，但是我信任生活的奇怪程度有百分之十取决于所发生的事情，其余的百分之九十取决于我们对待这些事情的态度。beconvincedthat...“信任……，坚信……”符合句意。7．2022willstillbeadifficultyearforsomepeople,________particularthosefacingthecontinuingeffectsofthebadeconomy.答案：in句意：2022年对一些人来说，将照旧会是困难的一年，尤其是那些受经济不景气持续影响的人。8．Provideyourdoctorwithadetailedmedicalhistory________hecangiveyouaccuratetreatment.答案：sothat考查状语从句。句意：供应应你的医生一份详尽的病历，以便他可以给你精确     的治疗。sothat引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，符合句意。9．Bythetimethegirlcomesbacktolife,scientistsprobably________(discover)acureforthisincurabledisease.答案：willhavediscovered考查动词的时态。句意为：到这个女孩糊涂过来时，科学家们可能已经找到了治疗这种不治之症的方法。依据句意可知，此处应用将来完成时。10．(2021·山东改编)Thereisnosimpleanswer,________isoftenthecaseinscience.答案：as句意为：科学往往如此，它没有一个简洁的答案。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2022·东北三省四市第一次联考)Inthepast,theywerelaughedatforbeingeggheads(书呆子)wearingglasseswithapassionforthepointless.Butnow,beingamemberoftheirgrouphasbecomeasourceofpride,withCollinsonlinedictionarynamingtheterm“geek”asUK's“WordoftheYear”onDecember16.“Geek”topsthelistfor2021becauseofits“positivemakeover”，aspokeswomanforCollinsDictionarytoldTheScotsmannewspaper.Thewordoriginallyappearedinthe19thcenturyasavariant(变形)of“geck”，meaning“asimpleton(傻瓜)”．“Inthe1980s,thewordstillhadanegativemeaning,referringtosomeonewhowasboringandsociallyawkward.However,fromthelate20thcentury,duetotheincreasingimportanceoftechnologyinsociety,thewordhascometomeanaclever,switched­onandcoolperson，”notedTheScotsman.InSeptember,thedictionarychangedthemaindefinitionof“geek”from“someonepreoccupiedwithcomputing”to“apersonwhoisveryknowledgeableandenthusiasticaboutaspecificsubject”．“‘Geek’isagreatexampleofawordthathasevolvedfromhavinganegativemeaningtohavingapositiveone，”IanBrookes,consultanteditortoCollinsDictionarytoldTheGuardian.“Thischangeinmeaningrepresentsapositivechangeinviewsofspecialistexpertise(专长，专业学问),andisaresultoftheinfluenceoftechnologyonpeople'slives.”TheTelegraph'sJohnBinghambelievesthatthetransformationofthewordwashelpedalongbythesuccessoftheUSmovieTheSocialNetwork,aboutthecreationoftheUSwebsiteFacebook.“Commentatorssaidthefilmshowedthatithadbecomefashionabletobeageek”，Binghamwrote.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。戴着瓶底眼镜的书呆子们曾经被赞扬为无用的“geek”，然而时代在变化，咸鱼也有翻身的一天！柯林斯字典给了这个词一个全新的、乐观的含义。1．Theunderlinedword“makeover”inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A．evolution B．resultC．influence D．response答案：A词义猜想题。依据文章第一段的其次句“Butnow,beingamemberoftheirgrouphasbecomeasourceofpride,withCollinsonlinedictionarynamingtheterm‘geek’asUK's‘WordoftheYear’onDecember16.”和第三段“Thewordoriginallyappearedinthe19thcenturyasavariant(变形)of‘geck’，meaning‘asimpleton(傻瓜)’．”前后对比可知，此处makeover意为“华丽转身”，与倒数其次段的第一句“‘Geek’isagreatexampleofawordthathasevolvedfromhavinganegativemeaningtohavingapositiveone”相呼应。evolution意为“进化”；result意为“结果”；influence意为“影响”；response意为“回应”。故选A项。2．Whendidtheword“geek”begintohaveapositivemeaning?A．Inthe20thcentury. B．Fromthe1990s.C．Inthe1980s. D．Attheendof2021.答案：B细节理解题。依据第四段的第一句“Inthe1980s,thewordstillhadanegativemeaning...”和其次句“However,fromthelate20thcentury...thewordhascometomeanaclever,switched­onandcoolperson”对比可知，“geek”这个词实现意义上的华丽转身是在20世纪90年月。故选B项。3．Accordingtothearticle，“geek”nowmainlyrefersto______.A．someonewhoisaddictedtocomputingandnewtechnologyB．someonewhoisboringandunfashionableC．someonewhoissmartbutawkwardinsocialsituationsD．someonewhoiswell­informedanddevotedtoacertainfield答案：D细节理解题。依据倒数第三段中的“apersonwhoisveryknowledgeableandenthusiasticaboutaspecificsubject”可知，“geek”现在主要指那些博学的学者型人物。故选D项。4．Whathelpedtotransformthemeaningof“geek”fromnegativetopositiveaccordingtothearticle?a．Theeffectoftechnology.b．Thenewsmedia'spromotion.c．TheinfluenceofCollinsDictionary.d．ThepopularityofTheSocialNetwork.A．a，b B．b，cC．a，d D．c，d答案：C细节理解题。依据文章最终一段第一句．..“bythesuccessoftheUSmovieTheSocialNetwork,aboutthecreationoftheUSwebsiteFacebook.”可知，“geek”词义的华丽转身来源于电影TheSocialNetwork的成功。依据倒数其次段最终一句中的“isaresultoftheinfluenceoftechnologyonpeople'slives”可知，这是科技进步对人们生活影响的结果。故选C项。Ⅲ.七选五(2022·豫南五市二模)Haveyouevernoticedthatthemoreyouhavethemoreyouwant?Let'sfaceit.Thinkingourlifeisgoodenoughdoesn'tcomenaturallytomanypeople.Whenwehavehighexpectationsofeverythinginlife,wewillrunintodisappointment.Onlywhenweareawarethatneedsaredifferentfromdesirescanwelivewithsatisfaction.__1____2__Mostpeoplewantthingstobebetterthantheyare,orwhenthingsaregoingwell,weforgettoappreciatewhatwehave.Learntoreflectonhowmuchbetterthingsarethantheycouldbe.Writedown5thingsyouaregratefulforrightnow.Whenweholdontoregretsfromdecisionswehavemade,itcanreallypoisonourwell­being.Manypeopleregretsomethingtheycannolongerchange,whichendsupholdingthembackfrommovingforwardinamorepositivemanner.__3__Soworktostaypresentandbemindfulofthecurrentmomenttofindmorejoyandfulfillment.Whenweuseotherpeopleasthemeasuringstickforourpersonalsuccessandqualityoflife,wearelikelytobelesssatisfied.Socialcomparisonscanprovideusefulinformationwhenwetrytolearnfromothers,buttheyalsoholdourperspectiveinadiscontentedposition.__4__Whenyoufocusonyourbigambitionsandfuturegoals,youmightneglectthedailypleasuresthatsurroundyou.__5__Staypresentandfocusonthetaskyou'reundertakingatthemoment.Don'tletthelifepassyoubybecauseyou'realwaysonthegoanddistractedbyambitions.Practicelookingatlifethroughthelens(镜头)ofcontentmentanditwillbecomemorenatural.A．Learntocreatechancestoachieveyourgoal.B．Whatyoushoulddoistoputyourselfinagoodmood.C．Hereareafewideastohelpyoubehappierwithwhatyouhaveandwhoyouare.D．Focusonwhatyouarethankfulfor.E．Whathappenedinthepastisdoneandgone.F．Compareyourselflesswithotherssoyoucanbesatisfiedmore.G．Learntoslowdownandabsorbthewonderandbeautyaroundyou.文章大意：本文就如何挂念自己保持欢快的心态提出了具体的建议。答案：1．C本文接下来的4段都是关于如何挂念自己保持欢快的心态的具体的建议。故C项符合上下文串联。2．D后面的“appreciate”以及“grateful”可知，D项thankful符合语境。3．E该段讲的是把握现在，不要对过去的事情圆满和懊悔。所以E项符合语境。4．F该段讲的是不要与人攀比，句中的“otherpeople”与F项照应。5．G该段讲的是不要忽视当下的欢快，与G项照应。而且原文的“pleasuresthatsurroundyou.”与G项的“wonderandbeautyaroundyou.”照应。Ⅳ.语法填空(2022·郑州市三模)Onceafarmer'sdonkey(驴)fellintoadeepwell.Theanimalcriedloudlyforhours,butthefarmercouldn'tfigureoutwhattodo__1__it.Finally,hedecidedthattheanimalwasoldandthatthewellneededtobecoveredanyway,sohe__2__(think)thedonkeywasn'tworthsaving.Then,heinvitedsomeofhisneighborstocomeoverandhelp__3__.Theyalltookashovel(铁铲)andbegantoputdirtintothewell.Atfirst,thedonkeyrealizedwhatwashappeningandcried__4__(pitiful).Then,toeveryone'ssurprise,thedonkeybecamequiet.Afewshovelloadslater,thefarmerlookeddownintothewellandwasastonishedat__5__hesaw.Eachshovelofdirthititsback,butthedonkeywasdoingsomething__6__(amaze).Itwasshakingthedirtoffandtakingastepup.__7__theneighborscontinuedtoputmoredirtontopoftheanimal,itwouldshakethedirtoffandtakeonemorestepup.Prettysooneveryonewassurprisedasthedonkeysteppedupovertheedgeof__8__wellandranoffhappily!Whenlifesometimes__9__(put)dirtonyou,thebestwayofgettingoutofthewellistoshakethedirtoffandtakeastepup.Eachofyourtroublesisasteppingstone.Youcangetoutofthedeepestwelljust__10__nevergivingup!文章大意：本文是一篇寓言故事，主要讲了一头掉到井里的驴如何成功自救的故事。这个故事告知我们：患病逆境时不能无望，要用乐观的态度去面对，这样就可能将掩埋你的“沙土”变成你成功的垫脚石。答案：1．with/for/about考查介词。依据语境可知，此处可以指“应对、处理这件事”的意思，与“do”连用，故可以填with或about；同时“it”也可以指代“驴”，此时可以填“for”。2．thought考查动词的时态。依据上句时态“decided”可知，本句也用一般过去时。故填thought。3．him考查代词。依据上下文语境可知，他邀请邻居过来帮他一起填埋这头驴。故填him。4．pitifully考查副词。所给词是用来修饰谓语动词“cried”的，修饰动词应用副词。故填pitifully。5．what考查宾语从句。依据题干结构可知，本句话包含一个宾语从句，从句中缺少“saw”的宾语，意为“所……的”。故填what。6．amazing考查形容词。所给词在句中用来修饰不定代词“something”，意为“令人感到惊异的”。故填amazing。7．As/When考查时间状语从句。依据两句话之间的语境规律可知，此处所缺词应意为“随着……”或者“当……时”。故填As/When。留意首字母应大写。8．the考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的这口井。故填the。9．puts考查动词的时态。依据题干可知，所给词作谓语；同时这是这则寓言故事的道理，因此时态应用一般现在时。故填puts。10．by考查连词。依据语境可知，此处所填词与动名词连用，表示方式手段。故填by。Ⅴ.短文改错(2022·陕西)MyfathertookmeoutcampingforthefirsttimewhenIwasseven.Hewantedteachmeaboutanimals,insectsandtrees.Myunclesallcomealongwithbowsandarrowsforhunting.Oneeveningatsunset,wesatbythefire,haveourbarbecue.Justthenabirdwasflyingoverus.Myunclesimmediatejumpedupandshottheirarrowso