湖南省长沙市雨花区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

PAGEPAGE12022年下学期期末质量检测卷八年级英语注意事项：1.答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚，并认真核对答题卡的姓名、准考证考号、考室和座位号；2.必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4.请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5.答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6.本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。试卷分四个部分，共8页，71个小题,时量90分钟，满分120分。第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话读两遍。1.WhendoesNickrun?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.At6a.m. B.At6p.m. C.At8p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】略2.Whoisshy?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Kate. B.Kelly. C.Kathy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】略3.Whenaretheyaregoingtowatchamovie?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Tonight.B.Tomorrow.C.Tomorrownight.【答案】A【解析】4.WhatareAmy’sfavoritedumplings?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Beefdumplings.B.Corndumplings.C.Porkdumplings.【答案】B【解析】【原文】略5.HowoftendoesMilaplaytennis?【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Onceamonth.B.Twiceaweek.C.Onceaweek.【答案】C【解析】【原文】略第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面6段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WheredidEddieleavehisEnglishtextbook?A.Inhisroom.B.Inhisschoolbag.C.Inhisclassroom.7.WhodoesthemanthinkEddiecouldshareabookwith?A.Histeacher.B.Hisbrother.C.Hisclassmate.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】略听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhoisBetty?A.Frank’ssister.B.Frank’smother.C.Frank’sfriend.9.Whenwillmombeback?A.Before5:00.B.Before4:00.C.After4:00.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】略听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10WhosebirthdaydidJimgo?A.George’s. B.Linda’s. C.Eric’s.11.HowmanybrothersdoesLindahave?A.2. B.3. C.4.【答案】10.B11.A【解析】【原文】略听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】12.WhendidPamhavethephysicstest?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnThursday.13.WhodoesPamthinkwouldbeangryaboutthetestresult?A.Herteacher. B.Herparents. C.Herfriends.14.WhatwillPamdolater?A.Shewilltellhisparentstheresult.B.Shewillstoptryinghisbest.C.Shewillexercisemore.【答案】12.C13.B14.A【解析】【原文】略听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】15.HowlongdoesPeterplaytheviolineveryday?A.3hours. B.1hour. C.2hours.16.WhycanPeterfinishhishomeworkquickly?A.Becausehelearnsfastinclass.B.Becausehehasnoquestioninclass.C.Becausehedon’thavetolistencarefullyinclass.17.WhatdoesMikewanttobeinthefuture?A.Aviolist. B.Awriter. C.Adoctor.【答案】15.C16.A17.C【解析】【原文】略听材料，完成下面小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18WhenwasWorldBookDayintheUKthisyear?A.OnApril15th.B.OnApril23rd.C.OnMarch3rd.19.Whomdosomebookclubsinvite?A.Importantreaders.B.Famouswriters.C.Familymembers.20.Wherecanpeoplegetsomefreebooks?A.Insomelibraries.B.Atsomestores.C.Athome【答案】18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】略第二部分阅读（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选择最佳选项。A21.________of

internetusersusemobilephonestogoonline.A.29.3% B.99.6% C.29.5%22.Howmanyhoursdopeoplespendonlineeveryweek?A.29.5. B.29.3. C.39.5.【答案】21.B22.A【解析】【导语】这是一个调查数据统计图。统计了人们网络使用的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据图片内容“99.6%ofinternetusersusemobilephonestogoonline”，可知99.6%的网络用户使用手机上网。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据图片内容“peoplespendabout29.5hoursonlineeveryweek”可知，人们每周花费大约29.5小时上网。故选A。BFunnyAnimalPhotosTwomonkeysareplayingdoctorsandpatients（病人）.Theraccoon（浣熊）said“thanks”aftergettingsomeshrimps（虾）.Thisbabyowlmightwanttoseetheoutsideworld.Butitsmomdoesn’tseemtobeveryhappy.Ifyouwanttotakesomefunnyanimalphotos,remembertobepatient（耐心的）andlearntowaitforthemoment.Andlearningaboutanimalbehaviorsishelpful.Ofcourse,luckmatters,too.J23.Whataretwomonkeysdoing?A.Gettingsomeshrimps.B.Saying“thanks”.C.Playingdoctorsandpatients.24.Wholooksunhappyinthepicture?A.Themonkey.B.Theraccoon.C.Themotherowl.25.Whatmayyouneedtodoifyouwanttotakesomefunnyanimalphotos?A.Buysomeshrimps.B.Learnaboutplants.C.Bepatientandlearntowait.【答案】23.C24.C25.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些动物照片。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第一张图片“Twomonkeysareplayingdoctorsandpatients”可知，两只猴子在扮演医生和病人。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第三章图片“Butitsmomdoesn’tseemtobeveryhappy.”可知，猫头鹰的妈妈似乎不开心。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Ifyouwanttotakesomefunnyanimalphotos,remembertobepatientandlearntowaitforthemoment.”可知，如果你想拍一些有趣的动物照片，记得要有耐心，学会等待时机。故选C。CDoyouknowhowtocookdishes,cleanyourhouseorgrowplants?Now,studentsfromprimaryandmiddleschoolhaveatleastonelaborskill(劳动技能)classeveryweek.Laboreducationcanhelppeopletobehappy,activeandcreativeinlife.Throughsuchclasses,studentscanalsolearnthetruemeaningoflaborandthevalue(价值)ofthelabor.Theycanalsolearndifferentlifeskills.Someschoolpreparedsomeinterestinglaborskillclassesforstudents.SomestudentsfromChongqinghadaclassaboutcatchingfishintheriverandlearnedaboutthegeographicalknowledgeoftheriveratthesametime.InacitycalledFengyi,studentsmadetofuwithamillstone(磨盘).Ofcourse,theytastedtofuaftertheymadeit.Studentssaidtheylearnedaboutwisdomoftheancestors(祖先).“Howdidtheancestorseventhinkaboutmakingthiskindoffood?Theywerereallybrilliant(聪明的).”Manyofthemasked.Somestudentslearnhowtolookafteranimalsathome.Theyalsolearnthebiologicalknowledgeoftheanimal.Somestudentslearnhowtocookadishinthelaborskillclassandthencookathome.Theymaysharevideosoftheircookingwiththeirclassmates.Itistosharethetasteofthedeliciousfood.Itistosharethejoyoflabor,too.26.Howmanylaborskillclassesdoprimaryschoolstudentshaveeveryweek?A.Atleastone. B.Onlyone. C.One.27.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Laboreducationisnotnecessary.B.Laboreducationisusefultostudents.C.Laboreducationhasnomeaning.28.WherecanstudentsinChongqingcatchfish?A.Inabowl. B.Inalake. C.Inariver.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wisdom”probablymean?A.厨艺 B.智慧 C.勤劳30.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatdoesthewriterthinkofcookingdishes?A.Enjoyable. B.Boring. C.Creative.【答案】26.A27.B28.C29.B30.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了学校新开设的劳动课。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Now,studentsfromprimaryandmiddleschoolhaveatleastonelaborskill（劳动技能）classeveryweek.”可知，中小学生每周至少上一节劳动技能课。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，本段主要讲述了劳动教育的作用以及价值。故选B。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“SomestudentsfromChongqinghadaclassaboutcatchingfishintheriverandlearnedaboutthegeographicalknowledgeoftheriveratthesametime.”可知，重庆的学生在河里抓鱼。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Howdidtheancestorseventhinkaboutmakingthiskindoffood?Theywerereallybrilliant(聪明的).”可知，学生们认为古人很聪明，因此wisdom的意思为“智慧”。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据“Itistosharethejoyoflabor,too.”可知，学生们认为做饭很开心。故选A。DChineseonlinenovels(小说)becomepopular.Andtheirpopularitycontinuestogrow.SixteenworkshavenowfoundtheirplacesonthebookshelvesoftheBritishLibrary.TheBritishLibraryisoneoftheworld’slargestlibraries.Itselectsbooksbasedontheirculturalvalueandtheirpopularityamongreaders.ThisisthefirsttimethatChineseonlinenovelsgotintotheBritishLibrary.The16bookscoverdifferenttopics.TheyaresomeofthebestChineseonlinenovelsfromthepast20years.Thenewscameas“asurprise”toQicheng(penname).HisworkGreatPower,HeavyIndustryisamongthe16novels.ThenoveltellsthestoryofhowChina’smanufacturingindustry(制造业)wereabletogrowsostrongafterthe1980s.“ThismayhelpforeignreadersgettoknowChinabetter,”Qichengsaid.FansofChineseonlinenovelswereexcitedaboutthenews.“Manypeoplemaythinkthatallonlinenovelsarefast-foodlovestories,”oneofthemsaid.“It’stimeforpeopletoknowtheirvalue.Perhapsinafewyears,someforeignfanswilllikereadingChinesenovelalot.”Thisfanmightberight.Thereare,however,stillchallenges(挑战)ahead.Thegreatestoneisabouttranslation.MoreEnglishbooksareinChinese.MakingChinesebooksavailableisonlyafirststep.GoodtranslationswillbethekeytothefutureofChineseonlinenovels.31.HowmanyChineseonlinenovelsareintheBritishlibrary?A.20. B.16. C.26.32.WhydidQichengwriteGreatPower,HeavyIndustry?A.ToshowhowstrongChinawas.B.TohelpforeignreadersknowChinabetter.C.ToletreadersknowChina’sindustrybeforethe1980s.33.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Peopledon’tlikelovestoriesatall.B.Allforeignreaderslikeonlinenovels.C.Notallthepeopleknowthevalueofonlinenovels.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“translation”probablymean?A.兑换 B.翻译 C.出口35What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Chineseonlinenovelsarebecomingmorepopular.B.Peopleneedtoknowthevalueofonlinenovels.C.Goodtranslationsofonlinenovelsareimportant.【答案】31.B32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了中国网络小说的发展。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThisisthefirsttimethatChineseonlinenovelsgotintotheBritishLibrary.The16bookscoverdifferenttopics.”可知，大英图书馆有16本中国网络小说。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“ThismayhelpforeignreadersgettoknowChinabetter,”可知，写《大国重工业》的目的是帮助外国人更了解中国。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Manypeoplemaythinkthatallonlinenovelsarefast-foodlovestories,”可知，现在有很多人不知道网络小说的价值。故选C。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据“MoreEnglishbooksareinChinese.”可知，更多的英语书现在翻译成了汉语。translate的意思为“翻译”。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了中国网络小说的发展以及受欢迎程度。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。TheFIFAworldcup2022isinQatar(卡塔尔).Thistime,weenjoyedhotpotsinsteadoficedcolawhilewatchingtheexcitinggames.____36____TheFIFAworldcup2022wasinwinterbecauseoftheweatherinQatar.Qataristoohotinsummer.ItisacountryintheMiddleEast.Alargepartofthecountryisdesert(沙漠).Insummer,thetemperaturetherecouldreachupto50degrees.Whenwintercomes,thetemperaturegoesdowntoaround20-30degrees.____37____Thecountryalsoinstalled(安装)someair-conditioninginthesoccerfieldsformakingtheplayersandfansfeelbetter.DoyouknowthatQatarisasmallcountry?____38____Eventhoughitissmall,it’soneoftherichestcountriesintheworld,becauseithaslotofoilandnaturalgas.PeopleinQatargocampinginthedesertsduringtheweekends.Manypeoplegothroughthedesertbycarorbybike.Camelsarecalledthe“shipsofthedesert”.Theycanrunasfastas70kilometerseachhour.____39____Winnerscanwinmillionsofdollars.Actually,Qatarisnearthesea.Inthepast,fishermentheremakealivingbypearldiving(采珠).____40____A.Itisapopularsporttoday.B.Qatarholdsthecamelraceeveryyear.C.TheWorldCupisusuallyinsummer.D.That’smuchbetterforoutdoorsports.E.ThewholecountryissmallerthanBeijingcity.【答案】36.C37.D38.E39.B40.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了卡塔尔这个国家。【36题详解】根据“TheFIFAworldcup2022wasinwinterbecauseoftheweatherinQatar.”可知，此处介绍世界杯。选项C“世界杯通常在夏天举行。”符合语境。故选C。【37题详解】根据“Whenwintercomes,thetemperaturegoesdowntoaround20-30degrees.”可知，此处介绍冬天的温度很舒服，适合运动。选项D“这对户外运动来说要好得多。”符合语境。故选D。【38题详解】根据“DoyouknowthatQatarisasmallcountry”可知，此处介绍卡塔尔这个国家很小。选项E“整个国家比北京市还小。”符合语境。故选E。【39题详解】根据“Camelsarecalledthe‘shipsofthedesert’.Theycanrunasfastas70kilometerseachhour.”可知，此处介绍骆驼擅长奔跑。选项B“卡塔尔每年都举行骆驼赛跑。”符合语境。故选B。【40题详解】根据“Actually,Qatarisnearthesea.Inthepast,fishermentheremakealivingbypearldiving(采珠).”可知，此处介绍采珠。选项A“这是今天很受欢迎的运动。”符合语境。故选A。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。ScientistsinGuangdongrepaired（修补）elevendinosaureggs.A9-year-oldboyfoundtheeggsin2019.ThatwasnotthefirsttimethatchildreninHeyuan,Guangdongfounddinosaureggs.In1996,fourmiddleschoolstudentsfoundthefirstnest（窝）ofeggs.Overtheyears,manychildreninHeyuandiscovereddinosaureggswhileplayinggamesorwhentheyweregoingonafamilyfieldtrip.Itwasluckyforthemtomakethediscovery.Butmoreimportantly,therearelotsofdinosaureggsburiedunderthatthegroundofHeyuan.Manydinosaursusedtolivethereandthereweremanyferns（蕨类植物）.Theyaresomedinosaur’sfavoritefood.Andthefernsareusuallyinabasin（盆地）,dinosaurscouldhidetherefromdisasters（灾难）.TheHeyuanDinosaurMuseuminGuangdonghasthemostdinosaureggsintheworld.ChildreninHeyuanarefamiliarwithdinosaurs.Theygrowupwithstoriesofthosebigguys.Atschool,teacherstellthemhowtotelldinosaureggsfromegg-likestones.Theycanalsoseerealdinosaureggsatthelocalmuseum.Therealdinosauregghasaneggshell.Itisusuallythinbutitishardtobreak.Someeggshavelittlebumps（突起）.Theymightlooklikemountainsandrivers.Bigdinosaursoftenhavebiggereggs.Butthosebigeggscouldn’tbemuchbiggerthanasoccerball.Smalleggsarereallytiny.ThesmallestonewasfoundinJapan.Itissmallerthanagolfball.41.Howmanydinosaureggsdidscientistsrepair?________________________________________________________42.Whendidmiddleschoolstudentsfindthefirstnestofdinosaureggs?________________________________________________________43.WhatdoteacherstellstudentsinHeyuanatschool?________________________________________________________44.Dobigdinosaursoftenhavebiggereggs?________________________________________________________45.Whatdoyouknowaboutdinosaureggsfromthispassage?________________________________________________________【答案】41.11.42.In1996.43.Howtotelldinosaureggsfromegg-likestones.44.Yes,theydo.45.ThesmallestdinosaureggwasfoundinJapan.（文中提及的信息均可）【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了在河源多次发现恐龙蛋，分析了原因以及河源的孩子在学校就会被教育如何区别恐龙蛋。【41题详解】根据“ScientistsinGuangdongrepaired（修补）elevendinosaureggs.”可知，修补了11个恐龙蛋，故填11.【42题详解】根据“In1996,fourmiddleschoolstudentsfoundthefirstnest（窝）ofeggs.”可知，1996年，四名中学生发现了第一窝蛋，故填In1996.【43题详解】根据“Atschool,teacherstellthemhowtotelldinosaureggsfromegg-likestones.”可知，在学校里，老师告诉他们如何区分恐龙蛋和蛋状石头，故填Howtotelldinosaureggsfromegg-likestones.【44题详解】根据“Bigdinosaursoftenhavebiggereggs.”可知，大恐龙通常有更大的蛋，故填Yes,theydo.【45题详解】根据“ThesmallestonewasfoundinJapan.”可知，最小的恐龙蛋在日本被发现，故填ThesmallestdinosaureggwasfoundinJapan.

（文中提及的信息均可）第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Standinfrontofamirrorandlookatit.Howmuchdoyoureallyknowabouttheperson____46____it?It’snotan____47____jobtoknowourselves.Tohelpstudentsdothisimportanttask,schoolsacrossChinaletstudentshavemoreclassesandactivitiesonself-knowledge.LiuYue,a____48____fromChengduYucaiMiddleSchool,gaveherstudentsausefultool.“It’scalledtheJohariWindow,developedbytwoUSpsychologists(心理学家),”saidLiu.“Ithas____49____areas(区域)aboutone’sself:openarea(thateveryoneknowsabout),hidden(隐藏)area(thatonlyyouknow),blindspot(盲区)(thateveryoneknowsbutyou)____50____unknownarea(thatnobodyknows).Usingthistool,studentsdidagoodjobseeingthemselvesthroughanewlens(透镜).”“Iwanttoknowmoreaboutmyblindspot,”saidaneighth-graderYangManfei.“____51____Ididasurveywithmyfriends.”TheresultsshowedthatYangeasilygetsanxious(焦虑的)andimpatientbecauseofprocrastination(拖延).“That’sabadhabitbutIdidn’tseethatbefore!”Yangsaid.“Ithinktheunknownareaisthemostexciting,”saidSunBoyin.“Itmeanseveryonehaslotsofpotential(潜力).”WhenSunstartedmiddleschool,he____52____notgoodatmath.“ButIsetagoalanddidlotsofmathexercises.NowI’mmuch____53____atmath.Theunknownpartofmymathabilityisgettingclearer!”Sunsaid.Whenitcametothehiddenarea,moststudentskeptsilent.“I’mscaredtoshowmysecretsdeepdown,”saidLiYixuan.“Thenoneclassmate____54____andsaidhisfavoritecartoonisTomandJerry.Hehasthecourage(勇气)tobe_____55_____.”“Showyourselfandmakeyourselfbetter,”Lisaid.46.A.at B.in C.on47.A.easy B.outgoing C.able48.A.parent B.teacher C.friend49.A.four B.five C.six50.A.or B.but C.and51.A.Because B.So C.Although52.A.is B.has C.was53.A.more B.better C.worse54.A.stoodup B.stoodby C.stoodfor55A.him B.his C.himself【答案】46.B47.A48.B49.A50.C51.B52.C53.B54.A55.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了为了帮助学生完成认识自我这项重要任务，中国各地的学校正在提供更多自我认识的课程和活动。【46题详解】句意：你对里面的人到底了解多少？at在；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据“Howmuchdoyoureallyknowabouttheperson...it?”可知，此处指对镜子里面的人了解多少。故选B。【47题详解】句意：了解自己不是一件容易的事。easy简单的；outgoing外向的；able有才能的。根据“It’snotan...jobtoknowourselves.”可知，了解自己不容易。故选A。【48题详解】句意：成都育才中学的刘悦老师给了她的学生一个有用的工具。parent父母；teacher老师；friend朋友。根据“LiuYue,a...fromChengduYucaiMiddleSchool,gaveherstudentsausefultool.”可知，此处指老师给了学生有用的工具。故选B。【49题详解】句意：它有四个关于自我的区域：开放区域（每个人都知道）、隐藏区域（只有你知道）、盲点（除了你，每个人都认识）和未知区域（没有人知道）。four四；five五；six六。根据“Ithas...areasaboutone’sself:openarea(thateveryoneknowsabout),hiddenarea(thatonlyyouknow),blindspot(thateveryoneknowsbutyou)...unknownarea(thatnobodyknows)”可知，后文提到了四个区域。故选A。【50题详解】句意：它有四个关于自我的区域：开放区域（每个人都知道）、隐藏区域（只有你知道）、盲点（除了你，每个人都认识）和未知区域（没有人知道）。or或者，否则；but但是；and和。根据“Ithas...areasaboutone’sself:openarea(thateveryoneknowsabout),hiddenarea(thatonlyyouknow),blindspot(thateveryoneknowsbutyou)...unknownarea(thatnobodyknows)”可知，前后为并列关系，应使用and。故选C。【51题详解】句意：所以我和朋友们做了一个调查。Because因为；So因此；Although尽管。根据“Ididasurveywithmyfriends.”可知，前后文为因果关系，此处应使用连词so，故选B。【52题详解】句意：孙上中学的时候，数学不好。is是；has有；was是，is的过去式。根据“WhenSunstartedmiddleschool,he...notgoodatmath.”可知，此处应使用be动词，句子时态为一般过去时。故选C。【53题详解】句意：现在我的数学好多了。more更多的；better更好的；worse更坏的。根据“NowI’mmuch...atmath.Theunknownpartofmymathabilityisgettingclearer!”可知，现在数学好多了。故选B。【54题详解】句意：然后一个同学站起来说他最喜欢的卡通是汤姆和杰瑞。stoodup站起；stoodby站在一旁；stoodfor代表。根据“Thenoneclassmate...andsaidhisfavoritecartoonisTomandJerry.”可知，一个同学站起来说话。故选A。【55题详解】句意：他有做自己的勇气。him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；himself他自己。根据“Hehasthecouragetobe...”可知，此处指有做自己的勇气，应使用反身代词。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Being___56___astronautneedsalotofwork.Theyhavetotakesomehard___57___(test).Asfortheage,astronautsneedtobetween25to35yearsold.Theyneedtobe160to172centimeterstallandtheirweightneedstobebetween55to70kilograms.Peoplecan___58___(usual)standg-forces（重力）of3Gto4G.Butastronautsneedtostandforcesupto8G.Thatistosay,theirbodyfeelseighttimes___59___(heavy)thanusual.Thiscanmakethemfeelbad.Tearsrunfrom___60___(they)eyesandtheycannotbreathe（呼吸）.Astronautsgettrainingtohavegoodbalance.Theysitonafastspinning（高速旋转的）chairorabit“swing”for15minutes.Sometimes,theymay___61___(feel)sickoreventhrowup.Tohelpastronautsbeready___62___theweightlessenvironment（失重环境）ontheearth,astronautshavetostayafloat（漂浮）while___63___(move)aroundorcarryingthings.Everytime,theyhavetraininglikethatforsixhours.___64___training,someastronautsareeventootiredtoholdsmallthings.Youcanneverbeanastronaut___65___(easy).【答案】56.an57.tests58.usually59.heavier60.their61.feel62.for63.moving64.After65.easily【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为一个宇航员的条件，宇航员是怎样训练和生活的以及宇航员可能会出现的健康问题。【56题详解】句意：作为一名宇航员需要做很多工作。根据“Being...astronautneedsalotofwork.”可知，此处指成为一名宇航员，为泛指，且astronaut为元音音素开头的单词，应用冠词an，故填an。【57题详解】句意：他们必须进行一些艰苦的测试。根据句中“some”可知，此处应填test“测试”的复数形式，故填tests。【58题详解】句意：人们通常能够承受3G到4G的重力。根据“Peoplecan...standg-forces（重力）of3Gto4G.”可知，本句缺副词修饰动词stand，所以应填usual“通常的”的副词形式，故填usually。【59题详解】句意：也就是说，他们的身体感觉比平时重八倍。根据than可知，此处应填heavy“重的”的比较级形式，故填heavier。【60题详解】句意：泪水夺眶而出，无法呼吸。空后eyes为名词形式，所以此处应填they“他们”的形容词性物主代词作定语，故填their。【61题详解】句意：有时，他们可能会感到恶心，甚至呕吐。因为may为情态动词，所以此空应填feel“感觉”的动词原形，故填feel。【62题详解】句意：为了帮助宇航员为地球上的失重环境做好准备，宇航员必须在四处移动或携带物品时保持漂浮状态。bereadyfor“为……做好准备”，固定搭配，故填for。【63题详解】句意：为了帮助宇航员为地球上的失重环境做好准备，宇航员必须在四处移动或携带物品时保持漂浮状态。根据“astronautshavetostayafloat（漂浮）while...aroundorcarryingthings.”可知，本句为“当……时做某事”，所以此处应填move”移动“的现在分词形式，故填moving。【64题详解】句意：训练结束后，一些宇航员甚至累得拿不动小东西。根据“...someastronautsareeventootiredtoholdsmallthings.”可知，此处指训练结束后，一些宇航员甚至累得拿不动小东西，after“在……之后”符合题意，故填After。【65题详解】句意：你永远不可能轻易成为宇航员。根据“Youcanneverbeanastronaut...”可知，此句缺副词修饰be，所以应填easy“容易的”的副词形式，故填easily。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或者中文。Weliveinacolorfulworld.1.Theworldisn’tthatboringbecauseeveryoneisnotthesame.Ourdifferencesmaketheworldwonderfulandinteresting.Everyonehastheirownwayofseeingthings,sotheyhavetheirownexperiencesandworldviews(世界观).2.Whenpeoplesolveproblems,theyhavedifferentways.Welearnaboutbeliefs,values(价值观)andcustoms(习俗)indifferentcultures.3.然后我们学到更多其他国家的文化.Wecandothisthroughforeignfilmsandmusicfromothercountries.Wecaninviteourfriendsandfamilyfromothercountriestodinner.4.Theycanbringtraditionalfoodfromtheircountriesandhometowns.Inthisway,wecanopenourmindtonewideasandcustoms,anddeliciousfood!Learningaboutothercultureswillhelpusbetterourselves.5如果我们了解到这些不同，这个世界也会成为一个更好的地方。Itisimportanttoconnectwithotherpeople,learnfromthemandtheircultures,andworktogethertothankthosedifferences.Ourabilitytoreachunity(团结一致)willbethebeautyandthetestofourcivilization(文明).Ihopewecangetcloserandclosertothatgoal.66._______________________________________67._______________________________________68._______________________________________69._______________________________________70._______________________________________【答案】66.世界因为每个人都不一样而不是那么乏味。67.当人们解决问题时，他们有不同的方法。68.Thenwelearnmoreculturesofothercountries.69.他们可以带来自他们的国家及家乡的传统食物。70.Ifweknowthedifferences,theworldwillalsobeabetterplac