2024北京东城区高二（上）期末英语试题和答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京东城高二（上）期末英语2024.1本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共三节，共36分)第一节选词填空(共11小题;每小题1分，共11分)A请用方框中所给的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。accompanydemonstrateevaluatebreakdowninchargeofinturn1.HeputSteve______________theresearchteam.2.Kenagreedto______________meonatriptoAfrica.3.Ican’t______________hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.4.Listenup!Pleasecomeup______________tocollectyourbooks.5.Letme______________toyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.6.Asmilecan______________barriers.B请用方框中所给单词的正确形式完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。comfortscienceentireanxietymotivate7.Iadmititwas______________myfault.8.Heseemed______________aboutthecomingexam.9.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks______________.10.Iwasso______________andwarminbedsothatIdidn’twanttogetup.11.Weshouldadoptamore______________approachinthefutureresearch.第二节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。LastSeptember,Sarah,44,slippedonaplatformand____12____inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge.Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.Unfortunately,anothertrainpulledin,causingfurther____13____.Afewminuteslater,someonenoticedherandcalledemergencyservices.They____14____tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital,butdoctorswere____15____tosaveherarmandleg.____16____,Sarahisnowtheworld’sfirstwomantousea£250.00bionic(仿生)arm____17____byAI.“It’shardtoexplainbutwhenIthinkabouta____18____—say‘openmyhand’—mymusclestwitch(颤动)inaparticularway.Thesensorsinitwill____19____thesetwitches,andsendsignalstomakemyhandwork.Andifit____20____thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften,itwilllearnthatIliketodothatandmakeiteasierformetodoso,”saidSarah.InFebruary,SarahreturnedtoworkandafewmonthslatersheattendedaconferenceinRometogiveaspeechabouttheaccident.“Idomissmyselfbeforetheaccident.Butattheendoftheday,I’mjust____21____thatAIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback.IknowIamblessedtobeabletokeepmovingforwardwithmyfamily.”12.A.fell B.jumped C.stood D.filled13.A.changes B.worries C.injuries D.failures14.A.moved B.turned C.walked D.rushed15.A.uncertain B.unable C.patient D.eager16.A.Naturally B.Normally C.Obviously D.Luckily17.A.powered B.developed C.graded D.treated18.A.pattern B.signal C.movement D.moment19.A.protect B.detect C.,connect D.reflect20.A.caresabout B.talksabout C.figuresout D.pointsout21.A.hopeful B.grateful C.concerned D.amused第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa____22____(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Onecharacteristicofhybridsis____23____theyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,____24____itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Sarek’smountainsusedtobecoveredbyvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,____25____(leave)behindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,____26____apartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopment____27____(ban)withinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer____28____(feed)ongrass.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。InNewYork,longtimeKunquartistsandstudentsareworkingtogethertopassdowntheancienttraditionalformfromgeneration____29____generation,andKunqusocieties____30____(be)activeinthecityforover30years.Andrecently,theseKunquOperaartists,youngandold,stagedaperformanceattheBigApple____31____(celebrate)the35thanniversaryoftheKunquSocietyofNewYork,anonprofitcultureandartsorganization.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，32分)第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.abuggyrideAmishHeartlandToursIfyouwouldliketolearnaboutAmishlifeandculturewhileenjoyingatourofthebeautyofAmishcountry,AmishHeartlandTourscanmakeithappen,offeringbuggyrides,custombustours,andspecial“Backroad”experienceswithmealsinthehomesoftheAmishpeople.Youwilllearnabouttheday-to-daylifeoftheAmishfromexperiencedtourguidesandthelocalpeoplethemselves.Tourslastbetween1to3hoursdependingonyourchoiceofdestinationandactivities.Yoder’sAmishHomeIfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.Pettheanimalsintheoldbarn,learnalittleGermanandmeettheirAmishteacherintheirone-roomschoolhouse,takearideinarealAmishbuggy,andenjoyasweettreatfromtheirbakery!Toursareledbylocalguidesandlastabout40minutes.Troyer’sAmishToursExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.Troyer’sAmishToursoffersseveraltoursincluding2and3-hourexperiences,dinnerinAmishhomes,aswellasspecialevents.Allofthetoursaretailor-madewithadvancenotice.Forthemostmemorableexperience,usetheironlinecontactformstoplanyourvisitinadvance.AmishHeritageToursAmishHeritageToursoffersseasonallythemedtoursincludingmanyofthebestthingstodoinAmishCountry,withonetomulti-dayexperiencesincludingpick-upfromyourhotel,dinner,shopping,areatheatre,andmuseums.Planyourvisitonlineinadvance.Theirwebsiteofferssampleitinerariesforeachtourtomakeyourstayrewardingandunforgettable.32.Whichtourisintendedforschoolchildren?A.AmishHeartlandTours. B.Yoder’sAmishHome.C.Troyer’sAmishTours. D.AmishHeritageTours.33.WhatisspecialaboutTroyer’sAmishtour?A.Itpresentsseasonallythemedtours. B.ItfeaturesrealAmishbuggyrides.C.Itprovidesamuseumexperience. D.Itmeetsindividualizedneeds.34.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromotetours. B.Tointroducetravelservices.C.Tohighlightalifestyle. D.Tocelebratethelocalculture.BAsyouleavetheBandhavgarhNationalParkinIndia,thereisanoticewhichshowsahugetiger.Thenoticesays,“Youmaynothaveseenme,butIhaveseenyou.”TherearemorethanabillionpeopleinIndiaandIndiantigersprobablyseehumanseverysingleday.Tigerscananddokillalmostanythingtheymeetinthejungle.However,itisalittlestrangethatattacksonhumansarenotthatfrequent.Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.Fromthefrontthemanishuge,butlookedatfromthesideheallbutdisappears.Thismustbeverydisturbing.Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyaredisconcerted.Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.Manyincidentsofattacksonpeopleinvolvevillagersbendingovertocutgrass.Thefactthathumansstanduprightmaynotjustdistinguishthemfromotherspecies,butalsohelpthemtosurviveinanunpredictableenvironment.35.Asforsomepeople’sopinionontigerattacks,theauthoris________.A.objective B.unconcerned C.supportive D.disapproving36.WhydoestheauthorraisethreequestionsinParagraph3?A.Topresentassumptions. B.Toevaluatearguments.C.Toquestionfindings. D.Toconfirmopinions.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disconcerted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Confused. B.Annoyed. C.Depressed. D.Surprised.38.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisthegenesthatcausethetiger’sfearofhumans.B.Itishardforatigertomakeouttheshapeofhumans.C.Tigerssensethedangerthemomenttheyspothumans.D.Tigersarelessconfidentwhenfacingsquattinghumans.CThinkofthewordsinyourhead:thattastelessjokeyouwiselykepttoyourselfatdinner;yourunvoicedimpressionofyourbestfriend’snewpartner.Nowimaginethatsomeonecouldlistenin.Recently,scientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,havemadeanotherstepinthatdirection.InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.Thestudycenteredonthreesubjects,wholayinanfMRIscannerrecordingtheirbrainactivitybydetectingchangesinbloodflowinpartsoftheirbrainswhiletheylistenedtoonlinestories.ByintegratingthisinformationwiththeLLMs’abilitytounderstandhowwordsrelatetooneanother,theresearchersdevelopedanencoded(编码的)mapofhoweachindividual’sbrainrespondstodifferentwords.Then,theteamworkedbackward.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitywhiletheparticipantslistenedtoanewstory.UsingacombinationofthepatternspreviouslyencodedforeachindividualandLLMs,theresearchersattemptedtotranslatethisnewbrainactivity.Whilemanyofthesentencesitproducedwereinaccurate,thedecodergeneratedsentencesthatgotthemainideaofwhatthepersonwasthinking.Forinstance,whenapersonheard,“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet,”thedecoderspatout,“Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.”AlexHuthfromtheuniversitysaid,“Wewereshockedandimpressedthatthisworkedaswellasitdoes.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetechnologyisn’tone-size-fits-all.Eachdecoderwasquitepersonalizedandworkedonlyforthepersonwhosebraindatahadhelpedbuildit.Additionally,apersonhadtovoluntarilycooperateforthedecodertoidentifyideas.Ifapersonwasn’tpayingattentiontoanaudiostory,thedecodercouldn’tpickthatstoryupfrombrainsignals.Whilethetechnologywasstillfarfromperfect,theresultcouldultimatelyleadtoseamlessdevicesthathelppeoplewhocan’ttalkorotherwisecommunicateeasily.However,theresearchalsoraisesprivacyconcernsaboutunwelcomeneuraloverhearing.Theteamsaidthepotentialofthetechnologywassuchthatpolicymakersshouldproactivelyaddresshowitcanbelegallyused.JerryTangfromtheteamsaid,“Nobody’sbrainshouldbedecodedwithouttheirpermission.Ifonedayitdoesbecomepossibletogetaccuratedecodingwithoutaperson’swill,we’llhavearegulatoryfoundationinplace.”39.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofasmartscanner.B.Thepotentialimpactofmind-readingGPT.C.Theadvanceinbrain-decodingtechnology.D.Thebreakthroughinlargelanguagemodels.40.Howdidtheteamworkbackward?A.Theyfedthedecoderdataonpeople’sbrainactivities.B.Theyemployedthescannertoencodepeople’sthoughts.C.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitytoassessthinkingability.D.Theyusedbrainactivitypatternstoreadthesubjects’mind.41.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Thedecoderworkedasexpected.B.Thedecodercangetthewordingright.C.Thedecoderrequiredwillingparticipation.D.Thedecodercanbeappliedtodifferentpeople.42.Whatwilltheteammostprobablydonext?A.Personalizethetechnology. B.Establishproperregulations.C.Applythetechnologyacrossfields. D.Breaklimitationsofthetechnology.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MicrogreenFarmingMicrogreenshavebeenusedincookingsincethe1980s.____43____Chefsnowrealizetheyalsoaddflavorandvisualappealwhenincludedinalltypesofdishesandrecipes.Aswithmostvegetables,itallstartswithseeds.Butinsteadofallowingtheplanttogrowtoitsfullpotential,microgreensarecreatedwhentheplantisharvestedshortlyafteritstartstogrow.Theresultisastrongflavorandaningredientthatpacksavarietyofnutrientsandhealthbenefitsinatiny,deliciouspackage.TheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistrystatesthatmicrogreenshaveincreasedlevelsofvitaminsE,CandK.____44____Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofusingmicrogreensindishesisthattheyprovideanintenseexperiencethatwillimprovetheoverallflavorofanydish.Manychefsusethemtoadddepthofflavorandtocreatecomplexflavor.Anotherbenefitofmicrogreensistheconveniencefactor—theyareincrediblyeasytocookwith!____45____Youjustputthemontoyourmealssuchassoups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreensaretheultimatehealthyconveniencefood!____46____Itisusuallyreadyforharvestinonly6-7daysandoffersaspicyradishtaste.Theresultisadishthatnotonlytasteswonderfulbutoffersavisualappealthatsatisfiestheeyesandisincrediblynutritious!Traditionalplantsrequireanextendedamountoftimeandlargeamountsofland.____47____Theyrequireverylittlephysicaleffortandarereadyforharvestinaslittleasoneweek.Inaddition,growingmicrogreensdoesn’trequirealotofspace,andistypicallydoneindoorswithaverticalsetup.Sowhynotgiveitashot?A.Microgreens,ontheotherhand,areeasy!B.Theywereinitiallyusedasaformofdecoration.C.Thereisnoprepandcuttingworkaswithmostvegetables.D.Theyhaveasmuchas40timesmorenutrientsthanamatureplant.E.Onepopularformofmicrogreensisamixofpurpleandgreenradish.F.Somebeginnersliketostartwithafamiliarplant,suchasradish,cabbage,orpeas.G.Maturetraditionalvegetablesaregenerallyharvested2to4monthsaftertheyareplanted.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。KieranBehanwasjustaboy,maybe6yearsold,whenhefellinlovewithgymnastics,butthatwasbeforeaseriesofinjuries,twososeverethatdoctorstoldhimhewouldneverwalkagain.YetBehan,pushedon.“Doctorstoldme,‘stopthinkingaboutyourcrazydreamsandyoumustacceptthatit’soverforyou,’”Behansaid.“ButIjustkeptsaying:‘No,no,no—thisisnottherestofmylife.Thisisnothowit’sgoingtoplayout.’Andlookatmenow,anOlympian.Theysaiditwasimpossible,butIdidit.”KieranBehanstartedgymnasticswhenhewas8.Butsooncamethefirstofmanyblows:duringalegoperation,adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.Doctorstoldhimtopreparehimselfforlifeinawheelchair.Theywerewrong.Althoughittook15months,Behanwentbacktogymnastics.Buteightmonthsafterhereturnedfromhisleginjury,disasterhitagain.Hehitthebackofhisheadduringtraining.TheaccidentcausedabraininjurywhichaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcauseBehantofaint.Mearlytwoyearsafternon-stopphysicaltherapy,KieranBehandidwhathedidbest:hepickedhimselfupagain.Hesaidhecouldnotlivewithoutgymnasticsandneverdoubtedhewouldbeback.Finally,in2012,hisdeterminationbegantopayoff.HisexcellentperformanceattheOlympictesteventqualifiedhimfortheGames.“IfeltlikeIwasinafairytale,”hesaidoftheLondonGames.“AllIcouldthinkaboutwas:‘Isthisadream?Tellmethisisreallyhappening.’”Eventhoughbedidnotenteranyoftheeventfinals,Behanneverlostheartandperseveredtomakeitforthe2016OlympicGamesatRiodeJaneiro.Behanhopeshistalemightinspireotherstoovercomehardship,whetheritisinsports,atworkorathome.Still,hestruggledtoexplainwhyhehasbeensounbeatable.“Ithinkit’sprobablyjustinmyblood,”hesaid.“Iwasjustborntodothis.”48.WhathappenedduringBehan’slegoperation?________________________________________________________________49.InwhatwaydidBehan’sbraininjuryinfluencehim?________________________________________________________________50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.________________________________________________________________51.DoyouthinkBehanisagreatathlete?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)52.假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。近期，英国交换生将在你校进行为期两周的交流。你打算邀请你校英籍外教Jim给负责接待的同学们做一个讲座，主题是如何与交换生得体相处。请你用英文写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.发出邀请；2.建议讲座的主要内容。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用(共三节，共36分)第一节选词填空(共11小题;每小题1分，共11分)【答案】1.inchargeof2.accompany3.evaluate4.inturn5.demonstrate6.breakdown【1题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他让史蒂夫负责研究小组。根据“theresearchteam”以及句意“负责”可知应填inchargeof，故填inchargeof。【2题详解】考查动词。句意：肯答应陪我去非洲旅行。根据“meonatriptoAfrica”以及句意“陪伴”可知应填动词accompany，此处为不定式作宾语。故填accompany。【3题详解】考查动词。句意：没有看到他的工作，我无法评估他的能力。根据“hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork”以及句意“评估”可知应填动词evaluate，且can’t后跟动词原形。故填evaluate。【4题详解】考查固定短语。句意：听好了！请依次上来取书。根据“tocollectyourbooks”以及句意“依次”可知应填短语inturn，故填inturn。【5题详解】考查动词。句意：让我向你说明我们面临的一些困难。根据“toyousomeofthedifficulties”以及句意“说明”可知应填动词demonstrate，此处为句型letsb.dosth.。故填demonstrate。【6题详解】考查固定短语。句意：微笑可以打破障碍。根据“barriers”以及句意“打破”可知应填短语breakdown，且can后跟动词原形。故填breakdown。【答案】7.entirely8.anxious9.motivation10.comfortable11.scientific【7题详解】考查副词。句意：我承认这完全是我的错。根据“myfault”以及句意“完全”可知应填副词entirely，修饰动词。故填entirely。【8题详解】考查形容词。句意：他似乎对即将到来的考试感到焦虑。根据“aboutthecomingexam”以及句意“焦虑”可知应填形容词anxious，作表语。故填anxious。【9题详解】考查名词。句意：他很聪明，但缺乏动力。根据“Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks”以及句意“动力”可知应填名词motivation，作宾语，表抽象概念不可数。故填motivation。【10题详解】考查形容词。句意：我在床上很舒服，很温暖，所以我不想起床。根据“andwarminbed”以及句意“舒服”可知应填形容词comfortable，作表语。故填comfortable。【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：在今后的研究中，我们应该采取更加科学的方法。根据“inthefutureresearch”以及句意“科学的”可知应填形容词scientific，作定语修饰名词approach。故填scientific。第二节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B16.D17.A18.C19.B20.C21.B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了莎拉在一次事故中失去了胳膊和腿，幸运地是她得到了一条人工智能仿生手臂，这让她能够恢复部分正常生活。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年9月，44岁的莎拉在站台上滑倒，掉进了火车和站台边缘之间的空隙里。A.fell落下；B.jumped跳跃；C.stood站立；D.filled装满。根据后文“inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge”可知，莎拉在站台上滑倒，掉进了火车和站台边缘之间的空隙里。故选A。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，另一列火车进站了，造成了进一步损伤。A.changes改变；B.worries担心；C.injuries受伤；D.failures失败。根据上文“Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.(火车离开车站时，碾过了她的右臂和右腿)”可知，本来已经受伤，不幸的是，另一列火车进站了，造成了进一步损伤。故选C。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们赶忙赶到现场，把莎拉送到医院，但是医生无法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.moved移动；B.turned转弯；C.walked散步；D.rushed急忙。根据后文“tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital”可知，人们赶忙赶到现场，把莎拉送到医院，故选D。【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们赶忙赶到现场，把莎拉送到医院，但是医生无法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.uncertain不确定的；B.unable无能的；C.patient耐心的；D.eager渴望的。根据后文“usea£25000bionicarm”可知，医生无法挽救莎拉的胳膊和腿。故选B。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，莎拉现在是世界上第一位使用价值2.5万英镑的人工智能仿生手臂的女性。A.Naturally自然地；B.Normally正常地；C.Obviously显然地；D.Luckily幸运地。根据后文“usea£25000bionicarm”可知，莎拉得到了仿生手臂，是幸运地。故选D。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，莎拉现在是世界上第一位使用价值2.5万英镑的人工智能驱动的仿生手臂的女性。A.powered激励，以……为动力；B.developed发展；C.graded分级；D.treated对待。根据上文“bionicarm”可知，这条仿生手臂是由人工智能为动力的，故选A。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这很难解释，但当我想到一个动作——比如‘张开我的手’——我的肌肉就会以一种特定的方式抽搐。A.pattern模式；B.signal信号；C.movement动作，活动；D.moment时刻。根据后文“openmyhand”指想到动作，故选C。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：里面的传感器会检测到这些抽搐，然后发送信号让我的手动起来。A.protect保护；B.detect查明，检测；C.connect连接；D.reflect反思。根据上文“Thesensorsinitwill”指手臂里的传感器会检测到这些抽搐，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：莎拉说：“如果它发现我经常用手指指东西，它就会知道我喜欢这样做，并让我更容易这样做。”A.caresabout关心；B.talksabout谈论；C.figuresout弄清楚；D.pointsout指出。根据后文“thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften”指手臂弄清楚了使用者爱用手指指东西的事实，就会让使用者更容易这么做。故选C。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是在一天结束的时候，我很感激人工智能能把我生活的一部分还给我。A.hopeful有希望的；B.grateful感谢的；C.concerned担心的；D.amused觉得好笑的。根据后文“AIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback”可知，人工智能帮助莎拉恢复了部分正常生活，莎拉很感激。故选B。第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】22.challenging23.that24.whether【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了袁隆平开发杂交水稻的经过。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。修饰名词question应用形容词challenging，作定语。故填challenging。【23题详解】考查表语从句。句意：杂交作物的一个特点是它们的产量通常比传统作物高。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that。【24题详解】考查主语从句。句意：然而，是否有可能开发出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，这是一个充满争议的问题。引导主语从句，不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether，if不能放在句首。故填whether。【答案】25.leaving26.so27.isbanned28.feeding【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了沙瑞克被设立为国家公园的历史和特色。【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大约9000年前，这些冰融化了，留下了大约100个冰川。分析句子结构可知leave与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填leaving。【26题详解】考查连词。句意：到达这里非常困难，所以除了萨米人，很少有人见过沙瑞克。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，表示“所以”应用连词so。故填so。【27题详解】考查时态语态。句意：虽然萨米人被允许在公园里继续他们的传统生活方式，但其他人不能住在这里，而且在公园边界内禁止任何新的开发。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文“ThoughtheSamiareallowed”可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为allnewdevelopment，谓语用单数。故填isbanned。【28题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不远处，有几只在吃草的驯鹿。分析句子结构可知feed与逻辑主语reindeer构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填feeding。【答案】29.to30.havebeen31.tocelebrate【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最近纽约上演了一场表演，庆祝纽约昆曲协会成立35周年。纽约昆曲协会是一个非营利性的文化和艺术组织。【29题详解】考查介词。句意：在纽约，长期的昆曲艺术家和学生们正在共同努力，将这一古老的传统形式一代一代地传承下去，昆曲社团在这座城市已经活跃了30多年。结合句意表示“一代一代”可知短语为fromgenerationtogeneration。故填to。【30题详解】考查时态。句意：在纽约，长期的昆曲艺术家和学生们正在共同努力，将这一古老的传统形式一代一代地传承下去，昆曲社团在这座城市已经活跃了30多年。根据后文forover30years可知为现在完成时，主语为Kunqusocieties，助动词用have。故填havebeen。【31题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，这些昆曲艺术家，无论老少，在纽约上演了一场表演，庆祝纽约昆曲协会成立35周年。纽约昆曲协会是一个非营利性的文化和艺术组织。分析句子结构可知celebrate在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填tocelebrate。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，32分)第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)【答案】32.B33.D34.A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍阿米什乡村的一些旅游行程。【32题详解】细节理解题。由文章Yoder’sAmishHome中“IfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.(如果你或你的学校小组想了解更多关于阿米什人的生活，去约德的阿米什之家旅行可能是你的完美选择。在导游的带领下参观房屋、房产等，您将近距离了解阿米什人的历史和生活方式。)”可知，Yoder’sAmishHome行程是为在校儿童设计的。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由文章Troyer’sAmishTours中“ExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.(以个性化和定制的方式体验阿米什乡村。)”可知，Troyer’sAmishTours满足游客的个性化需求。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“AmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.(阿米什乡村是俄亥俄州最美丽的地方之一。除了美食和购物，你还可以通过阿米什人的家庭旅游和乘坐童车了解阿米什历史和体验他们的文化。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍阿米什乡村的一些旅游行程，所以本文的目的是为了推广旅游。故选A项。【答案】35.D36.A37.A38.B【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就老虎袭击人的原因展开讨论，作者认为老虎攻击人是因为很难辨认出人的形状。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.(有些人可能会争辩说，这些攻击实际上在过去很常见。但那时候老虎的数量要多得多。因此，从某种程度上说，袭击事件在当时和今天一样罕见)”可知，对于一些人对老虎袭击的看法，作者不赞成。故选D。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.(人们认为这是因为恐惧，但老虎到底害怕什么？他们真的知道我们的武器装备比他们更好吗？当然不是。这个物种是否将所有老虎与人类相处的经历编入了自己的基因，并作为本能遗传了下来？也许。但我认为解释可能更简单，在某种程度上也更有趣)”可推知，作者在第3段提出了三个问题是为了提出假设。故选A。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyare”可知，猎人必须对自己能杀死猎物充满信心，而没有人在对猎物感到困惑时是自信的。故划线词意思是“困惑的”。故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.(我怀疑老虎对人类的恐惧来自于它观察人类的视觉方式。想象一只老虎看到一个1.8米高的人。老虎不到1米高，但从头到尾可达3米长。因此，当老虎看到这个人的脸时，它可能会认为这个人有6米长。如果他遇到这么大的鹿，他可能会跳到它的背上攻击它，但当他看那个人的背后时，他看不到背影)”以及最后一段“Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.(而蹲着的人则相反。一个蹲着的人只有一半的大小，两倍的背部伸展，看起来像一只中等大小的鹿)”可知，老虎很难辨认出人的形状。故选B。【答案】39.C40.D41.C42.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了得克萨斯大学的科学家们在一份研究中表明通过将功能性磁共振成像和用GPT建造的大型语言模型相结合，读取人们内心想法成为可能，但这项技术还不成熟，并且涉及隐私问题。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.(在《神经科学》杂志上发表的一项研究中，该团队表明，使用一种名为功能性磁共振成