Unit 1 Know yourself【同步拓展阅读】九年级上册英语单元阅读深度指导（牛津译林版）（解析版）

Unit1Knowyourself人与自我：做人与做事单元引言解读Knowingthyselfistheheightofwisdom—Socrates,GreekPhilosopher

释义：了解自己是智慧的最高点。‌启示：苏格拉底的名言。这句话体现了自我认知在个人成长和发展中的核心作用。‌通过深入了解自己，‌个人可以更好地认识自己的优点和缺点，‌从而做出更明智的决策，‌实现个人潜能的最大化。‌名言名句积累人与自我1.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

这句话说明了人们倾向于与自己相似的人交往，‌反映了性格和兴趣的相似性在工作团队中的重要性。‌2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有智者事竟成！3.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.冰冻三尺非一日之寒。4.Knowledgemakeshumble,ignorancemakesproud.博学使人谦逊，‌无知使人骄傲。‌5.Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.

功夫不负有心人时文拓展阅读盘古开天地：以身体化作宇宙万物Inthebeginning,theuniverse(宇宙)wasdarkeverywhere.Atthattime,heavenandEarthweremixedtogetherlikeanegg.ThegiantPangusleptinsideitforabout18,000yearsandthenwokeup.Hecouldonlyseethedarknessaroundhim,sohestartedtoswinghisgiantaxe.Upondoingso,theeggbroke.HeavenandEarthstartedtobreaktoo.Thelighterpartsoftheeggwentupwardtoformheaven,andtheheavierpartswentdownwardtobecomeEarth.PanguworriedthatheavenandEarthmightcometogetheragain,soheheldheavenupwithhishandsandputhisfeetdownontheland.Eachday,heavengrewonezhang(around3.33meters)higher,EarthonezhangthickerandPanguonezhangtaller.Another18,000yearspassed.Heavenreacheditsfullestheight,whileEarthreacheditslowestdepth.That’sthewaytheystayedfromthenon.Pangu,too,hadbecomefullygrown.Feelingtired,Panguwentbacktosleepandneverwokeup.Hedied,andhisbodyturnedintoallthethingsweseenowintheuniverse.Hislefteyebecamethesunandhisrighteyethemoon.Hisbonesturnedintothemountains,hisfleshintothesoil,andhisbloodintotherivers.Hishairandbeardgrewintotreesandgrasses.Hisbreathturnedintothewindandclouds,hisloudvoiceintothunderboltsandhissweatintorain.Andso,theuniverseasweknowitcametobe.swing(用力挥动)beard(胡子)thunderbolts(雷电)upward向上thunderbolts(雷电)sweat(汗)flesh(肉)译文欣赏起初，宇宙到处都是黑暗的。那时，天地像鸡蛋一样混合在一起。盘古巨人在里面睡了大约18000年，然后醒了过来。他只能看到周围的黑暗，于是他开始挥动他的巨斧。这样做的时候，鸡蛋碎了。天地也开始破碎。蛋的较轻部分向上形成天堂，较重的部分向下形成地球。盘古担心天地会再次结合，于是他双手托起天，双脚踩在地上。每天，天高一丈（约3.33米），地厚一丈，盘古高一丈。又过了18000年。天堂达到了最高点，而地球达到了最低点。从那时起，他们就一直这样。盘古也已经完全长大了。盘古觉得累了，又睡着了，再也没有醒来。他死了，他的身体变成了我们现在看到的一切他的左眼变成了太阳，右眼变成了月亮。他的骨头变成山，他的肉变成土，他的血变成河。他的头发和胡子长成了树和草。他的呼吸变成了风和云，他洪亮的声音变成了霹雳，他的汗水变成了雨。所以，我们所知道的宇宙就这样形成了。这篇文章不仅是一个关于宇宙起源的神话故事，更是一种文化和精神的传承，它教导人们要有勇气面对困难，有责任维护和谐，有智慧理解生命和宇宙的奥秘。这激励人们在逆境中不屈不挠，勇往直前。综合实战演练（一）Doyouknowwhatdecidesyourpersonality?IntheChineselunarcalendar,thereare12animalsigns.Somepeoplebelievethatpeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.Forexample,theythinkthatpeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbitaremorecareful,whilepeoplebornintheYearoftheDragonareverypowerful.Inwesterncountries,ayearisdividedintoacycleof12starsigns.Yourstarsigndependsonyourdateofbirth.Somepeoplebelievethatyourstarsignmaydecideyourpersonality.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.Ifyouareinterestedineitheranimalsignsorstarsigns,readaboutthemjustforfun.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandyourfuture.__________Personalityincludesyourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorswhichmakeyoudifferentfromotherpeople.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.__________Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay“likefather,likeson”.Sometimesthesepersonalitiesdonotchangeandremainthesamethroughoutyourlife.__________Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.1.Whydopeoplesay“likefather,likeson”?A.Becauseyourstarsignoranimalsigndecidesyourpersonality.B.Becauseyourexperiencemakesyouthesameasyourparents.C.Becausesomeaspectsofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents.D.Becausepeoplearoundandyoureducationinfluenceyourpersonality.2.Whichexampleshowshowexperiencesinfluencepeople’spersonalityaccordingtothepassage?A.SomeChinesethinkpeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbitaremorecareful.B.SomeWesternpeoplethinktheirstarsignsdependontheirdatesofbirth.C.Somepeoplearebornlivelyorimpatient,justliketheirfathers.D.Somepeoplebecomeconfidentaftertheycompleteadifficulttasksuccessfully.3.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Allthesepersonalitieswillbechangedthroughoutyourlifeallthetime.B.AllpeopleinWesterncountriesbelievetheirstarsignsdecidetheirpersonalities.C.AllChinesebelievepeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignhavesimilarpersonalities.D.Allyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyoumaychangeyourpersonality.4.Matchthetitlewitheachpart.a.Dependsonyourdateofbirthb.Howisyourpersonalityformed?c.Bytheenvironmentd.Bynaturee.ByanimalsignsorstarsignsA.①-a，②-b，③-c B.①-b，②-d，③-cC.①-a，②-c，③-e D.①-b，②-e，③-d5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Life. B.Nature. C.Animal. D.Health.【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.B5.A【解析】本文主要介绍了一些决定性格的因素。1.细节理解题。根据“Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay‘likefather,likeson’.”可知，你性格的某些方面是由你的父母遗传给你的，所以人们说“有其父必有其子”。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据“Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.”可知，如果你通过努力工作成功地完成了一项艰巨的任务，你可能会变得自信起来，这就是你的经历如何影响你的个性。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据“Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.”可知，环境，包括你的教育、你的经历和你周围的人，可以改变你的个性。故选D。4.最佳标题题。根据“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment”可知，①介绍了性格是如何形成的，b符合；根据“Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.”可知，②介绍了你性格的某些方面是由你的父母遗传给你的，d符合；根据“Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou”可知，③介绍了环境对性格的影响，c符合。故选B。5.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些决定性格的因素，所以文章可能是杂志的生活部分。故选A。（二）HuangYongyu,oneofChina’smostproductive(高产的)andbest-knownartistsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,diedonJune13,2023.Hewas99.Huangwastakenasalegendaryfigure(传奇人物)inChineseartanddesign.Self-taughttopaintandwrite,hisworksincludedwoodcuts(木刻),inkpainting(水墨画),literatureanddesigningstamps.Huang’sartisticabilitycamefromhisnevergivingup,self-learningandexperiencestakingondifferentjobsinhisearlyyearsaswellastraveling.FromFenghuang,Hunanprovince,andbeingamemberoftheTujiaethnic(少数民族的)group,Huangdroppedoutofschoolbecauseofmoneytroubles.Atage14,helefthishometownandtraveledacrossthecountrytomakealiving.Heworkedatceramic(陶瓷)workshops,taughtatprimaryschools,designedtheaterprops(道具)andmadeartformagazines.Thesejobsgothimmoneyandlethimdevelophisskillsforhisfuturecareer(事业)asanartist.HisgiftandhardworkwonhimrecognitionfromXuBeihong,formerdeanoftheCentralAcademyofFineArtsinBeijing,whoinvitedHuangtobeaprofessor(教授)attheschoolintheearly1950s.HuangbecameahouseholdnamewithhisChineseNewYearstamps,includingthe“GoldenMonkey”,andtheYearoftheRabbitstamps.InJanuary2023,heonceagainshowedhiscreativitybydesigningabluerabbitzodiac(生肖)stamp.Huangoncesaid:“Ihaveachievedlittleinmylifetime.Ididn’treceivemuchformaleducation.ButIdarednotlivealifewithoutanaimorinlaziness.”1.WhenwasHuangYongyuborn?A.In1913.B.In1923.C.In1924.D.In1938.2.WhichistherightorderofHuang’sexperiences?a.Hetaughtatprimaryschools.b.Heworkedasaprofessorataschool.c.Hedesignedabluerabbitzodiacstamp.d.Hetraveledacrossthecountrytomakealiving.A.a→b→c→dB.c→b→d→aC.b→a→c→dD.d→a→b→c3.WhatcanwelearnaboutHuangYongyuaccordingtothepassage?A.Heusedallhismoneytohelphisfamily.B.Hehadastrongwillandnevergaveup.C.Hewasastudentofanexcellentteacher.D.HewastheteacherofXuBeihong.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageustobeartists.B.Totellustogotoworkasearlyaspossible.C.TointroduceHuangYongyu’sfamouswork.D.TointroduceHuangYongyu’slifeandcareer.【答案】CDBD【解析】1.C根据文章中提到的“HuangYongyu,oneofChina’smostproductiveandbest-knownartistsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,diedonJune13,2023.Hewas99.”可知黄永玉在2023年去世时99岁，因此他应该出生于1924年。2.D文章中提到黄永玉14岁离开家乡开始四处奔波谋生，之后在陶瓷作坊工作、在小学教书、设计剧场道具和为杂志创作艺术作品。这些经历使他获得了钱财并为将来的艺术家事业打下了基础。后来，他因其天赋和努力获得了徐悲鸿的认可，被邀请成为中央美术学院的教授。黄永玉因设计中国新年邮票而家喻户晓，包括“金猴”和“兔年”邮票。2023年1月，他再次展示了他的创造力，设计了蓝色兔子生肖邮票。因此，正确的顺序是d→a→b→c。3.B文章中提到黄永玉的艺术才能来自于他从不放弃、自学和经历不同的工作，以及旅行。他曾说：“我一生中取得的成就很少。我没有接受过多少正规教育。但我不敢过没有目标或懒惰的生活。”这表明他有很强的意志力，从不放弃。4.D整篇文章主要介绍了黄永玉的生平和事业，包括他的艺术创作、教育背景、工作经历以及他的一些著名作品。因此，文章的目的是介绍黄永玉的生活和事业。（三）Peoplegettrulyhappyandsuccessfulbytryingtobethemselves.Notontheoutside—ontheinside.It’snotaboutabrand（品牌）oracharacter.It’sabouttruth.Whoyoureallyare.Itsoundssimple,Iknow.Theproblemis,it’sveryhardtodo,ittakesalotofwork,anditcantakealifetimetounderstandwhoyouare.Nothingworthdoinginlifeisevereasy.Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,it’sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit.Andyou’regoingtohavetobreakoutofyourcomfortzone（舒适区）.Butyouknow,youcan’tthinkofabetterwaytospendyourlife.Imean,what’slifeforifnotfindingyourselfandtryingtobecomethebest,thetruestversion（版本）ofyouthatyoucanbe?That’swhatSteveJobsmeantwhenhesaidthisinaspeechatStanfordUniversity:Yourtimeislimited（有限的）,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.Don`tletthenoiseofothers‘opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.Youhavetotrustthatthepointswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.Youhavetotrustinsomething—yourheart,luck,life,whatever.Thiswayhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don’tsettle.Notonlythat,butwhatJobswastalkingaboutandwhatI’mtalkingaboutrequirefocusandhardwork,twothingsthatareveryhardtocomebythesedays.Unlessyoutakeonthechallengeandstartuptheroadtoself-discovery,ornothingwillbeachieved.Whateveryoumightdiscover,allyouhavetodoistostartthejourney.1.Itis_____________foryoutofindoutwhoyoureallyare.A.simple B.difficult C.funny D.clever2.Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,youshould_____________.A.makeasmanyfriendsasyoucan B.payattentiontoyouroutsideworldC.setupyourownspecialbrand D.getawayfromcomfortzone3.WhatcanweknowfromSteveJobs’speech?A.Trytobecomeafamousperson. B.Makefulluseofourtime.C.Earnalotofmoneyandenjoylife. D.Spendnotimeinplaying.4.Whatunderlinedword“settle”inthepassagemeans“_____________”.A.stop B.return C.forget D.complete5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ToMoveForwardorStepBack B.ToBeHappyorSuccessfulC.HowtoBeYourselfTruly D.HowtoStartOurJourney【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A5.C【解析】文章主要论述真正成功幸福的人是因为他们尽自己最大的努力成为最真实的自己。如果你也有此想法，就从做真实的自己开始。1.推理判断题。根据“Theproblemis,it’sveryhardtodo,ittakesalotofwork,anditcantakealifetimetounderstandwhoyouare.”可知，这很难做到，需要大量的工作，而且要花一辈子的时间才能了解你是谁。由此推知，很难找到真正的自己，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据“Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,it’sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit.Andyou’regoingtohavetobreakoutofyourcomfortzone（舒适区）.”可知，如果你想做大事，就要远离你的舒适区，故选D。3.推理判断题。根据“Yourtimeislimited（有限的）,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.”以及乔布斯的演讲内容可知，史蒂夫·乔布斯告诉我们要充分利用我们的时间，故选B。4.词义猜测题。根据“Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don’tsettle.”可知，这里说的是做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的。如果你还没找到，继续找。别停下来。所以单词“settle”指的是“停止”，故选A。5.最佳标题题。根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是讲述如何成为最好、最真实的自己，所以C选项符合，故选C。（四）Ishumanblood(血液)allthesame?Ofcoursenot.Bloodismadeupofdifferentparts,suchasredbloodcellswhitebloodcellsandsoon.Twochemicalmolecules(分子)ontheredbloodcellsmakepeople’sblooddifferent.Scientistsmarkonemolecule“A”andtheothermolecule“B”.Accordingtowhichandhowmanymoleculesareontheredbloodcell,scientistsdividebloodintofourtypes:A,B,ABandO.Yourbloodtypewillstaythesamethroughthewholelife.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewiththesamebloodtypemayhavethingsincommon.PeoplewithtypeA:Theylookpeacefulfromtheoutside.Buttheyasksomuchofthemselvesthattheymaybeverynervousinside.Theybecomehappyorsadeasily.Theycaneasilywinpeople’strust.PeoplewithtypeB:Theyhavestrongminds.Oncetheybeginataskandmakeuptheirmindstodoit,theywillnotgiveupeasily.Andtheywanttodothingsintheirownway.PeoplewithtypeAB:Maybetheyarethestrangestamongallbloodtypes.Theycanbebothopenandshy,noisyandquietatthesametime.PeoplewithtypeO:They’reopenandgoodatmakingfriends.Theyalwaysbegintasksbutdon’talwaysfinishthemintheend.Theyhavelotsofnewideasandtheyalwaysstronglybelieveinthemselves.6.________make(s)people’sblooddifferent.A.Twochemicalmoleculesontheredbloodcells B.TwochemicalmoleculesonthewhitebloodcellsC.Theirdifferentkindsofpersonalities D.Thenumberofpeople’sbloodcells7.Aperson’sbloodtype________.A.canbechangedwhenhegrowsup B.decideswhathisjobisC.willneverchangethroughhislife D.decideswhatkindoffriendshewillmake8.Ifapersonhasastrongmind,whichbloodmightheorshebewith?A.TypeA. B.TypeB. C.TypeAB. D.TypeO.9.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.People’sPersonalitiesDependonManyThings B.TrytoMakeFriendswithMorePeopleC.HowtoDividepeople’sbloodandPersonalities D.DifferentbloodTypeshavedifferentPersonalities【答案】6.A7.C8.B9.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要对人类血型的划分，以及不同血型的人所具有的不同性格进行了具体介绍。6.细节理解题。题干意为：________使得人的血液不尽相同。根据第一段第四句“Twochemicalmolecules(分子)ontheredbloodcellsmakepeople’sblooddifferent.”可知是红细胞上的两个化学分子。故选A。7.细节理解题。题干意为：一个人的血型________。根据第二段第二句“Yourbloodtypewillstaythesamethroughthewholelife.”可知答案。故选C。8.细节理解题。题干意为：如果一个人有坚强的意志，他/她可能是哪个血型？根据TypeB中的描述“PeoplewithtypeB:Theyhavestrongminds.”可知B血型的人有坚强的意志。故选B。9.最佳标题题。题干意为：文章的最佳标题是什么？整体浏览全文并结合每段内容可知主要讲述血型的划分、血型与性格的联系。故选D。（五）Makingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodaschoosingagoodlife.Sochoosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.Formyjob,therearethreeimportantthingsthatIwillconsider:ThefirstoneisthatImustworkinanareaIlike.It’sthemostimportanttome.Someoneoncesaidifyoufindajobthatyouenjoy,thenyouwon’thavetoworkanotherday.IwouldliketoworkinanareawhereIcanbemorecreative.Iwouldliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.AllthisispossibleonlyifIlikewhatIdo.Thesecondoneisthattheareaofmyworkmustleadmetosolvesomenewandhardproblems.Iwouldliketostayinthesameareaforalongtime.Sotheworkmustprovideenoughproblems.Ienjoytryingmybestforthewholeprogress.Morethanjustworkingtolive.Ofcourse,Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.ThenIcanprovidethebestformyfamily.ThethirdimportantthingisthatIwouldliketoworkinanareathatwouldhelpotherpeople.Theworkinmymindisinfieldssuchasthearmy,trainingormanagement.Insuchareas,Icanhelptodeveloptheabilitiesofothersandbringouttheirbest.Itwouldbeamostsatisfyingjobtohelpyoungpeopletobecomethebestthattheycanbe.Iaccepttheideathatnooneshouldmakeachoiceofajobsuddenlyorquickly.Heshoulddecidewhathewantstobeinthelongrun.Then,heshoulddecidehowheworkstowardsit.Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebooksandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.Agoodchoicewillmostprobablyleadtoabetterlife.1.Whatcanagoodjobchoiceprobablyhelppeopledoaccordingtothepassage?A.Solvefewerproblems.B.Providemoretime.C.Meetknowledgeablepersons.D.Chooseagoodlife.2.Whydoesthewriterconsideranenjoyablejobmostimportant?A.Becauseitcanmakehimmorecreative.B.Becauseitcanprovidethebestforhisfamily.C.Becausehehaschancestohelpothers.D.Becausehehaschancestostudypropercourses.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“remunerated”meaninthepassage?A.Trained. B.Praised. C.Accepted. D.Paid.4.Whatshouldwedobeforemakingajobchoiceinthewriter’sopinion?A.Becomeaknowledgeableperson.B.Jointhearmytobecomeabetterperson.C.Makepreparationstofindasatisfyingjob.D.Helpyoungpeopletochooseaninterestingjob.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyJobChoice B.MyFavouriteJobC.MyComfortableLife D.MySenseofSatisfaction【答案】1.D2.A3.D4.C5.A【解析】本文主要讲述了选择工作的重要性以及作者对工作选择的三个重要考虑因素。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Makingajobisasagoodchoosingaisofmostdecisionsmakelife.”可知，一个好的工作选择大概能帮助人们选择好的生活。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段“IwouldliketoworkinanareawhereIcanbemorecreative.Iwouldliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.”可知，因为这样可以让他更有创造力。故选A。3.词义猜测题。根据“Ofcourse,Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.”可知，希望辛苦的工作能得到良好的回报，这样就能用这些辛苦挣来的钱过上舒适的生活。划线单词remunerated意为“给予报酬”，与“paid”近义。故选D。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebooksandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.”可知，在选择工作之前，他应该学习合适的课程、阅读书籍并与该领域的知识渊博的人交谈，即要为找到一份满意的工作做好准备。故选C。5.最佳标题题。根据“Makingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodaschoosingagoodlife.Sochoosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.”及通读全文后可知，本文主要讲述了选择工作的重要性以及作者对工作选择的三个重要考虑因素，所以文章以选项A“我的工作选择”为标题最合适。故选A。（六）请阅读下面的非连续性文本，按要求完成所给任务，并将答案写在相应的位置上。Doyouknowwhatdecidesyourpersonality（性格）?Somepeoplebelievethatpeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.Forexample,theythinkthatpeoplebornintheYearoftheOx（牛）areveryhard-working.WhilepeoplebornintheYearoftheDragonareverypowerful.IntheChineselunarcalendar,thereare12animalsigns.Eachofthemrepresentsalunaryear.Theyappearinafixedorderandthecyclerepeatsevery12years.Mouse:smartHorse:livelyOx:hard-workingSheep:gentleTiger:braveMonkey:cleverRabbit:carefulRooster:practicalDragon:powerfulDog:loyalSnake:wisePig:honestInwesterncountries,ayearisdividedintoacycleof12starsigns.Yourstarsigndependsonyourdateofbirth.Somepeoplebelievethatyourstarsignmaydecideyourpersonality.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.Ifyouareinterestedineitheranimalsignsorstarsigns,readaboutthemjustforfun.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandyourfuture.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Personalityincludesyourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorswhichmakeyoudifferentfromotherpeople.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.BynatureSomeaspectsofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay"likefather,likeson".Sometimes,thesepersonalitiesdonotchangeandremainthesamethroughoutyourlife.ByenvironmentTheenvironment,includingyourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.1.PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.2.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?3.Fromthepassage,howisyourpersonalityformed?4.Whatcanchangeyourpersonality?5.Doyouthinkyourpersonalityisformedbynatureorbyenvironment?Whataboutyourpersonality?【答案】1.他们认为出生在牛年的人非常勤奋。2.No,theydon’t.3.Bybothnatureandenvironment.4.Theenvironmentincludingmy/ourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundme/us.5.Yes.言之有理即对。【解析】本文主要讲述了有些人相信相同星座下的人有相似的性格，可是，性格是天生的或者由环境影响的。1.由句子结构可知，本句为宾语从句；“theythink”译为“他们认为”；“bornintheYearoftheOx”作为“people”的定语，译为“出生在牛年的”；“hard-working”译为“勤奋的”。故填：他们认为出生在牛年的人非常勤奋。2根据文中“Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.”可知，生肖或星座都不能说明你的性格。故填：No,theydon’t.3.根据文中“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.”可知，性格是自然和环境共同形成的。故填：Bybothnatureandenvironment.4.根据文中“Theenvironment,includingyourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.”可知，环境，包括我们的经历和我们周围的人，可以改变我们的个性。故填：Theenvironmentincludingmy/ourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundme/us.5.根据文中“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.”可知，性格是自然和环境共同形成的。故填:Yes.（七）DearCarla,MyEnglishteacherhastoldmethatyouarelookingforapenfriend,soI’mwritingtointroducemyselftoyou.I’mFangWeijun,myEnglishnameisFrancis.I’m14yearsoldandIliveinShanghai.Iam1.63meterstall,butIamstillgrowing.Iamnowaneighth-graderatXinchengMiddleSchool.Atschool,weallhavetowearuniforms,butonFridays,wecanwearourownclothestoschool.IliketowearaT-shirtandjeans.Doyouhaveaschooluniform?Whatdoyouweartoschool?Ilivewithmyparentsandmyyoungersister.Mymotherisasecretaryforafoodcompanyandmyfatherisahighschoolscienceteacher.Mysisterisonlyeight.Ioftenhelpherwithherhomeworkandtalkwithheraboutdreams.Whatisyourfamilylike?Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?Asformyhobbies,Iamveryinterestedinsports.IgoforawalkeverymorningbeforeIgotoschool.Iplaybadmintontwiceaweek.Ienjoyhikingandgotothecountryparkatleastonceamonth.Inthesummer,Ioftengoswimming.Apartfromsports,Iplaythedrumsinabandwithmysisterandherfriends.Whatdoyouoftendoinyourfreetime?Ihavetohelpwiththedishesafterdinner.Ialsohelpmyparentskeepourflatclean.Whatdoyouhavetodotohelpoutaroundyourhouse?Ihopeyouwillwritebacksoon.IhavealwayswantedtohaveapenfriendfromAfrica.IwouldliketoknowallaboutSouthAfrica.Sincerely,Francis1.WhatcanweknowaboutFangWeijun?A.Hewasbornin2007. B.Heismorethan1.7meterstall.C.HeisastudentfromGradeEight. D.Hehastowearuniformsonweekdays.2.HowmanypeoplearethereinFangWeijun’sfamily?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.3.FangWeijun________atleastonceamonth.A.helpshissisterwithherhomework B.goesforawalkC.playsbadmintonwithhisfriends D.enjoyshiking4.FangWeijunwritesthelettermainlyto________.A.introducehimselftoCarla B.tellCarlaabouthisfamilyC.findapenfriendfromAmerica D.finishhishomework5.Wecanlearnfromtheletterthat________.A.FanghasbeentoAfrica B.CarlaisfromSouthAmericaC.Fang’ssistercanplaythedrums D.Fang’smotherworksinaschool【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.C【解析】本文是方文君写给卡拉的信。在信中，方文君介绍了自己及家庭情况。1.细节理解题。根据“Iamnowaneighth-grader”可知，方文君是八年级的学生。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据“Ilivewithmyparentsandmyyoungersister.”可知，方文君家中有父母、妹妹和自己，共四口人。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据“Ienjoyhikingandgotothecountryparkatleastonceamonth.”可知，方文君一个月至少一次徒步旅行。故选D。4.细节理解题。根据“MyEnglishteacherhastoldmethatyouarelookingforapenfriend,soI’mwritingtointroducemyselftoyou”可知，方文君写这封信主要是为了向卡拉介绍自己。故选A。5.细节理解题。根据“Iplaythedrumsinabandwithmysisterandherfriends”可知，方文君会和妹妹打鼓；故他的妹妹会打鼓。故选C。（八）Idecidedat10thatIwasgoingtobeateacherbecauseIhadaburningdesireforsuperpowers.Asaboy,Icouldclearlyseesomeofmyteachershadsuchpowers.TherewasanEnglishteacherinfifthgradewhocouldmagicallytakeustodifferentworldseverydaybytellingusstoriesandreadingtousfrombookswewouldotherwiseneverpickup.Thiswasoursecretandfuntimebecausefifthgraderswereconsideredtoooldtohavestoriesreadouttothem.Itwasevenshockingthatmyteachercouldseethehidden.Iwasoneofthosewhohadnoinsight(洞察力),yetmyteacherwouldnoticemeandtheunspokenmessageinhereyessuggestedthatshecouldseemethrough.Shehadanothersuperpowerandevenafterfortyyears,Icouldstillrememberherlessonsaboutthegreatmastersofartandgreatgeographers.Shedidthiseventhoughhermajor(专业)wasneitherartnorgeography.Herlessonswentbeyondthetextbook.IknewIwantedtobeoneofthoseall-seeingoneswithsuperpowersthatmadechildrenfeelsafeandvalued.Iknowbeingateacherisn’ttheeasiestorthemostfinanciallyrewarding(经济回报)ofjobs.Andtherearejobrisks—yourkneescanbecomewornoutfromyearsofcarryingpilesofnotebooksupanddowntheschoolsteps,andyourvoicecansufferfromtoomuchtalking.Evenso,therearestillthosechoosingthisjob.Tothem,teachingisnotjustajob,butascience,anartanditrequireslotsofeffort.Allmylife,forthirtyyearsnow,I’vegonetoworkearlyeachdaywithaspringinmystep.Sometimes,Imeetmyformerstudents.Theirloveformeandsweetmemoriesofourtimetogetheraremyrewards.WhenImeetotherswhothirstforsuperpowers,likeanewteachertryingtoperfectherskillswithabravefaceon,or