高二英语上学期期末测试卷(人教版2019)

2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末测试卷（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATopPublicSculptureParkstoVisitinAmericaKasminSculptureGarden(NewYorkCity)ThisquietsculpturegardeninManhattan’sChelseaneighborhoodisfarfromthecrowds.OwnedandoperatedbyKasminGallery,thisexhibitionspacecanbeviewedfromthenearbyHighLine.ItisdesignedbyFutureGreen,aBrooklyn,landscapearchitectstudio,anditstandsbesideafamousbuildingdesignedbyZahaHadid.There’sacurrentexhibitionfeaturingbronze(铜)sculpturesbyAlmaAllen,whichshowstheartist’sregardforUtah.TippetRiseArtCenter(Fishtail)ThissculpturegardenisworththetriptotheBeartoothMountainsinFishtail.Itisa12,500-acreranch(牧场),whichispepperedwithpublicart,includingsculpturesbyMarkdiSuvero,amongothers.Thissummer,theranchwillbeopentothosewhoarehikingortravelingbybike.StormKingArtCenter(NewWindsor)ByfarthemostpopularsculptureparkinupstateNewYork,itisa500-acresculptureparkinHudsonValley.Sinceopeningin1960,ithasgrowntoincludedozensofsculpturesthatchangeovertime.Initscollection,theparkownssculpturesbyfamousartistsincludingCarlAndre,LouiseBourgeois,andDanielBuren.OlympicSculpturePark(Seattle)ThisoutdoorparkwascreatedbythenearbySeattleArtMuseumandfeaturesalargeredsculpturebyAlexanderCaldercalledEagle,aswellasWakebyRichardSerra.Since2007,thiswaterfrontparkhasbroughtcreativitytoElliottBay.Thelandscapedesignfitsinwiththelocalroadsandskyline,facingtheharborinwhat’srecognizedasSeattle’slargestdowntowngreenspace.1．WhatcanbelearnedaboutthegardeninManhattan’sChelseaneighborhood?A．ItisrunbyKasminGallery.B．ItisdesignedbyZahaHadid.C．IthasbecomeapartoftheHighLine.D．ItstandsforAlmaAllen’srespectforUtah.2．WhichofthefollowingparksislocatedinHudsonValley?A．KasminSculptureGarden. B．TippetRiseArtCenter.C．StormKingArtCenter. D．OlympicSculpturePark.3．WherecanyouseethesculptureWake?A．InNewYorkCity. B．InSeattle.C．InNewWindsor. D．InFishtail.BJasonM.Allenwasalmosttoonervoustoenterhisfirstartcompetition.Now,hisaward-winningimageisstirringdebatesaboutwhetherartcanbegeneratedbyacomputer,andwhat,exactly,itmeanstobeanartist.InAugust2022,Allen,a39-year-oldgamedesignerwholivesinPuebloWest,Colorado,wonfirstplaceinthe“digitalarts/digitally-operatedphotography”categoryattheColoradoStateFairFineArtsCompetition.Hiswinningimage,titledThéatreD’opéraSpatial,wasmadewithMidjourney—anartificialintelligencesystemthatcanproducedetailedimageswhenfedwrittenprompts(提示).Allen’swinningimagelookslikeabrightcrossbetweenaclassicandmodernpainting.It’soneofthreesuchimagesheenteredinthecompetition.AllenpostedexcitedlyabouthiswinonMidjourney’sDiscordserveronAugust25,alongwithpicturesofhisthreeentries;itspreadquicklyonTwitterdayslater,withmanyartistsfeelingangryaboutAllen’swinbecauseofhisuseofAItocreatetheimage.“Hejust‘pressedafewbuttonstomakeadigitalartpiece’,”oneTwitteruserwrote.“We’rewatchingthedeathofartunfoldbeforeoureyes.”However,togetthefinalthreeimagesheenteredinthecompetition,Allensaid,hetookover80hours.First,heplayedaroundwithphrasingthatledMidjourneytogenerateimagesofwomeninnicedressesandspacehelmets.Overtime,withslightadjustmentstohiswrittenprompts,hecreated900repeatingprocessesofwhatledtohisfinalthreeimages.HegavethefinaltouchtothosethreeimagesinPhotoshop.ThenherantheimagesthroughanothersoftwareprogramcalledGigapixelAIthatcanimproveresolution(分辨率)andhadtheimagesprintedatalocalprintshop.AllenisgladthatthedebateoverwhetherAIcanbeusedtomakeartisgettingsomuchattention.“Ratherthanhatingthetechnologyorthepeoplebehindit,weneedtorecognizeit’sapowerfultoolanduseitforgoodsowecanallmoveforward,”Allensaid.4．WhatdoweknowaboutTheatreD’operaSpatial?A．Itsbeautyiswidelyaccepted. B．Itscreationisaneasyprocess.C．Itshowsthedeathoftraditionalart. D．Ithascausedalotofarguments.5．WhatdidAllendotocreatehisentries?A．Hesearchedforsmartwrittenprompts. B．HeeditedhisfinalimagesinPhotoshop.C．HefedMidjourneywithfamouspaintings. D．HedevelopedthesoftwarenamedGigapixel.6．WhatisAllen’sattitudetothedebateoverAl-createdart?A．Worried. B．Uncaring. C．Positive. D．Annoyed.7．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AIBeatsOutHumanArtistsintheArtFieldB．AIWonanArtContestandArtistsAreAngryC．AnArtistWinsStateFairArtContestandLaughsD．TheArtistFromPuebloWestIsDefendingHisWork.CScientistsbasedinJapan’sOsakaUniversityhavefoundawayto3Dprintwagyubeef(themostexpensiveJapanesebeef)inalab—asteptheybelievewillonedayhelpmakewidelyavailableandsustainably-producedcutsofculturedmeatthatcloselyresembleoriginalproducts.Usingcellsthattheytookfromwagyucows,theJapanesescientistssetouttocreateastructurewiththespecialfeatureseeninwagyubeefthatmakesitdifferentfromothercutsofbeef.Byisolatingbeefcells,thescientistsorganizedhowmuscles,fatandothercellsshouldbeplaced.Theresearchersthenshapedthesetissues(组织)intotheformofasteakusingatechniquecalled3Dbioprinting(生物打印),wherecellstructurescanbemadetolooklikerealtissuesinlivingthings.Theresearchersbelievethatthedevelopmentcouldbeabigsteptowardasustainablefuture.Itsoriginsfromrealmeatalsomakeitdifferentfromplant-basedoptions.“Byimprovingthistechnology,itwillbepossibletonotonlyreproducecomplexmeatstructures,butalsomakesubtleadjustmentstothefatandmusclecomponents,”MichiyaMatsusaki,oneoftheproject’sresearchers,saidexcitedlyinastatement.Michiyaaddedthatwiththeseadjustments,morecustomersmightonedaybeabletoorderaculturedcutofmeatwiththeamountoffattheylike,tailor-madetotheirtastesandhealthconcerns.Wagyubeefisknowntobeextremelyexpensive,withhigh-gradewagyufetchingpricesofupto$200perpoundandadultcowssellingformorethan$30,000.In2019,Japan’swagyuexportsreachedarecordhighof$268.8millioninprofits,up20%from2018.Whilethismightbethefirstcutofwagyubeefevertobe3D-printed,otherattemptshavebeenmadetobio-printsteaks.InFebruarythisyear,AlephFarmsandtheFacultyofBiomedicalEngineeringattheIsraelInstituteofTechnologyjointlybio-printedandcultivatedaribeyesteakusingrealcowcells.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cultured”―inparagraph1referto?A．Educated. B．Natural. C．Man-made. D．Elegant.9．WhatisspecialabouttheprintedWagyubeefaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Bio-printingtechnologywascreatedbyJapanesescientists.B．The3DprintedbeeftastesexactlylikerealWagyubeef.C．Animal-basedmealisdifferentfromplant-basedmeat.D．Scientistscouldorganizethestructureoforgansandcellsinbeef.10．WhatistheattitudeoftheJapaneseresearchertowardsthefutureof3Dprintedbeef?A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Unclear. D．Neutral.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Moreresearchesaredonetomake3Dbio-printingbeef.B．Itisimpossibletomakemeattotheneedofthecustomers.C．Japanesescientistsarethefirstintheworldtobio-printsteaks.D．Reproducingmorecomplexmeatstructureshasalreadycometrue.DWeliveinaworldwherewewanteverythinginstantly.Inthisinstantworlditishardtosucceedinanything.Toachieveyourgoal,youfirsthavetochangeyourlifefrominstantlytopersistently(坚持地).Persistenceisthecourseyouneedtoset.Whenyouchangeyourexpectancyfrominstantlytopersistentlyyouwillgainanadvantageoftimethatmanydonothave.Timeworksagainstthosewholiveinstantly.Opportunitiesareneverseenbecausewhensomethingdoesn’thappeninstantlypeoplemoveontothenextthingontheirlistandconsiderthecurrentgoalafailure.Persistentpeoplehavetheadvantageoftime.Itallowsthemtostepback,observeandassesstheprogressofthegoaltheyarepursuing.Somethingstakelongertodevelop;somejustneedtobeleftthereforawhiletofindtheirownway.Whenyouliveinstantlyyougainandloseinstantly.Manytimes,youdonotknowhowyougotthereorhowtogetbackbecauseitisnotrepeatable.Whenyoulivepersistentlyyoulearnhowthingswork,howtocorrectaplanandhowtoguideittomakeitsuccessful.Youdonotpanicbecauseyouknowyouhavemorethanenoughtime.Slowdownandtaketimetoenjoythejourney.Ifwhatyouaredoingisnotfunthenstopdoingitanddosomethingelse.Everythingyoudoshouldbeinpursuitofabettertomorrowthanyouhadyesterday.Youshouldtaketimetodevelopyourabilitiestoreachyourgoals.Donotgetdiscouragedjustbecauseyoursuccessisnotinstant.Celebrateeachstepalongtheway.Peoplewholiveinstantlydon’ttaketimetoappreciatewhattheyhaveaccomplished.Theyarejustlookingforthenextthingthattheycangetinstantly.Youmustbegratefulforthetimeittakestoreachyourgoal.Persistencewillgetyouthereifyoureallywanttogetthere.12．Whywillpeoplewhowantthingsinstantlyfailinmanythings?A．Theydon’tsticktotheirgoal.B．Theyoftenchangetheirlifestyle.C．Theywantgreaterefficiency.D．Theytendtopursueahighertarget.13．What’sthemainadvantagepersistentpeoplehaveoverinstantpeople?A．Thewillpower. B．Aplan.C．Atarget. D．Anopportunity.14．Accordingtothetext,persistentpeople________.A．workslowerthaninstantpeopleB．willgetrewardedfortheireffortsC．focusmoreontheresultD．don’tappreciatewhattheyhavedone15．What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthetext?A．Topraisethosewhohavesucceeded.B．Tosuggestlearningtheartofpersistence.C．Toblamethosewholiveinstantly.D．Topersuadepeopletolivehappily.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Canyouchangeyourluck?Sometimes,everythingseemstogowrong.____16____.Yourbackaches.Yourcatkeepsthrowingup.Facedwithdifficultieslargeorsmall,youfeellikeyourlifeisalwaystakingaturnfortheworse.Youbegintowonderifyouarejustanunluckyperson.Don’tbeupset.____17____.Afterstudyingpeoplewhoconsiderthemselvesluckyorunlucky,hehasfoundthatthe“lucky”onesmakethebestuseofchanceopportunitiesandhavethecouragetofollowtheirintuition(直觉)totakethemwithouthesitation.“Ifyouarerelaxedandhappy,yourworldviewbecomesbiggerandyouseemoreopportunities,”hesays.“Ifyou’reaflexibleperson,whenthoseopportunitiescomein,you’llmakethemostofthem.____18____,butoftentheychangethecoursedependingonbowthewindisgoing.”Luckypeoplealsoexpectgoodthingsandcanturnbadexperiencesintogood.“Theytendtobe—nosurprise—optimisticpeople,andtheyalsorecoverfromthebadthingsthathappen,”Wisemansays.“Ifbadthingshappen,theythink,‘OK,itcouldhavebeenworse’.”____19____“Eachnightbeforeyougotobed,spendabout30secondswritingdownagoodthingthat’shappenedthatday,orasenseofappreciationforfriendsorfamilyorhealth,oranegativethingthat’snolongerhappening,”Wisemansays.Also,don’tbeapersonofhabit.Takeadifferentroutewhenwalking,watchadifferentTVprogramme,speaktodifferentpeople.____20____Andthenkeepyoureyesopenandgetwhateveropportunitiesmightarise.A．You’repassedoverforajobB．EvensmallchangescanbeeffectiveC．Luckypeopleknowwherethey’reheadingD．TheluckyonesregularlylistthingstheyaregratefultohaveE．TherearesomemethodsyoucanfollowtochangeyourluckF．ProfessorWisemanbelievestherearestepstoimproveyourluckG．Asforspecificactivities,youcanfocusonthepositivebykeepinga“luckdiary”第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Journeysaroundtheworldarecostly,haveyouevertraveledwhilestayinginotherpeople’shomesforfree?Itmightsoundtoogoodtobe____21____.ButaretiredcouplefromNorfolk,Englandhave____22____todojustthat.JonathanandJulieAshworthsoldtheirhousein2017andthentraveledaroundtheworldwhilelookingafterotherpeople’shousesandpetsinexchangeforfree____23____.TheAshworthsbookedtheirfirsthouse-sittinginearly2018whenlookingforwaystheycould____24____morewhileonabudget,andsaidthey’dnever____25____eversince.Whiletheywere____26____doubtfulabouttheidea,theytriedsigningupforTrustedHousesitters,whereownersandhousesittersleave____27____foreachother.Astheywerenewtothe____28____,thecouplechosetohouse-sitlocallytobuilduptheirprofiles,andoftenvisitedownersbefore____29____theirstay.Oncethey’dclockedupasignificantamountof_____30_____reviews,theybegantomakean_____31_____forhouse-sittingslightlyfurtherafield.Whilehouse-sittingmightsoundlikeapieceofcake,it’s_____32_____assimpleasjustwalkingtheowner’sdogeveryday.Inorderto_____33_____theywerepreparedforeachhouse-sitting,thepairgenerallyarrivedafewhoursbeforetheowners_____34_____,sothattheycouldmeetanddiscussanyconcerns.DuetoCOVID-19,thecouplewere_____35_____toreturntotheUK.Theyarestayinginacaravan(拖车)untiltheyareabletobeginhouse-sittingagain.21．A．fundamental B．true C．abnormal D．convenient22．A．managed B．tackled C．promised D．highlighted23．A．transportation B．accommodation C．welfare D．substance24．A．earn B．engage C．travel D．arise25．A．lookedup B．lookedout C．lookedback D．lookedaway26．A．ultimately B．conventionally C．initially D．apparently27．A．symbols B．souvenirs C．contrasts D．reviews28．A．practice B．recognition C．definition D．competence29．A．surviving B．shortening C．ending D．securing30．A．financial B．urgent C．positive D．dynamic31．A．allowance B．explanation C．exchange D．application32．A．eventually B．rarely C．merely D．consistently33．A．predict B．debate C．ensure D．realize34．A．restored B．left C．monitored D．contracted35．A．prohibited B．permitted C．forced D．invited第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Rightnow,youlikelyhavesomethingunnaturalthatisrunningaroundinsideofyourbody.Itwasmadebyhumansandcould____36____(potential)harmyou.ThatsomethingiscalledPFAS(含氟表面活性剂).Asthenicknamesuggests,these“foreverchemicals”arealargegroupofsubstances____37____donotbreakdownintheenvironment.Thechemicalshavebeenwidelyusedsincethe1940sinahugerangeof____38____(day)consumerproductsandindustrialprocesses.PFASareabletomakecertainproductsnon-stickorstain-repellent(防污的).Therefore,weusethechemicalstomakeproductsthatare____39____(resist)tooil,heat,stainsorwater.Theyarefoundineverything____40____cosmetics(化妆品),tooutdoorgear,non-stickpansandfoodwrappers.Researchindicatesthat____41____(expose)toPFAShasbeenlinkedtothedevelopmentofcertaincancers,theweakeningofchildren’simmunesystems,weightgain,andawiderangeofotherhealthproblems.“We’rereallyseeingPFASabsolutelyeverywhere,”saidElsieM.Sunderland,____42____environmentalchemistatHarvard.Thegoodnewsisthatthereareways____43____(avoid)beingexposedtoit,suchasbyusingawaterfilter,sheadded.InEurope,countries____44____(include)Germany,Denmark,theNetherlands,NorwayandSweden_____45_____(signal)theirintentiontobanthemassproductionofPFAS,mostoftheiruses,andtheirmarketavailabilityintheEuropeanUnioninthepastyear.第四部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假如你是学生会主席李华，针对全球变暖问题，你校正在开展“创建环保家园”活动。请你用英语写一封倡议书，内容包括：1.全球变暖的后果；2.解决办法；3.提出倡议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentsUnion第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。AsIbegantowadethroughthirteenpagesofthecredit-cardcompany’snewpolicy,Iwasn’tsurehowitwasgoingtoaffectmepersonally.AsIwaitedtobeconnectedtoacustomerservicerep,IconsideredwhetherIshouldevenwritethefifthnovelinmyOldCapeHouseseries.DidmyreadersreallyenjoythemysterioushistoricalstoriesItold?ShouldItakeonmoredebttobuymypaperbackbooks?Ithoughtaboutalltheauthorevents,booksignings,andbookfairsthatmightbecanceledbecauseofthevirus.Whenwouldnormallifereturn?“Hello,Ms.Struna,thisisThomas.MayIhaveyouraccountinformation?”Afterrepeatingtheinformationheneeded,Iexplainedmydilemmaintryingtounderstandthenewpolicyandaskedhowitwouldaffectmyfuturepurchases.“Please,donotworry.Youwillhavenochange.”“Areyousure?Iamanauthorandtravelfrequently.Ineedtohaveaccesstomycardatalltimesforbigorsmallpurchases.”Ilaughedtomyself,thinkingIwasn’tgoinganywhereforawhile,atleastuntiltherewasavaccine.“Letmereassureyou.Therewillbenochangetoyourcard,butMs.Struna,mayIaskyouonemorequestion?AreyoutheauthorofTheOldCapeHouse?”Myjawdropped.Hewastalkingaboutmyfirstnovelofsuspensefulhistoricalfiction,TheOldCapeHouse,publishedin2013.IwasstunnedandIstammered,“Why,yesIam.”Iwasstillskepticalaboutwhathewantedfromme.Thomaskepttalking.“Ithoughtitwasyou.Irecognizedyourname,andwhenyoutoldmeyouwereanauthor,Iknewitwasyou.”“Oh,mygoodness.”MyheartstartedtobeatfasterwithdelightattheconnectionIwasmakingwithanunknownforeignreader.“Ms.Struna,yourbookchangedme.ItchangedhowIlookattheworld.Itshowedmewaystobemoreadventuresomeandtobeopentonewthings.Thankyousoverymuch.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:IwasstunnedattheideathatIhadmadeadifferenceinsomeone’slife._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Ihungup,endingthiscoincidentalconnectiontoafanreaderinafarawayplace._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．A

2．C

3．B【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个雕塑公园的相关信息。1．细节理解题。由KasminSculptureGarden(NewYorkCity)中的“ThisquietsculpturegardeninManhattan’sChelseaneighborhoodisfarfromthecrowds.OwnedandoperatedbyKasminGallery,thisexhibitionspacecanbeviewedfromthenearbyHighLine.(这座位于曼哈顿切尔西区的安静雕塑花园远离人群。这个展览空间由KasminGallery拥有和运营，可以从附近的HighLine观看)”可知，KasminSculptureGarden由KasminGallery运营。故选A项。2．细节理解题。由StormKingArtCenter(NewWindsor)中的“ByfarthemostpopularsculptureparkinupstateNewYork,itisa500-acresculptureparkinHudsonValley.(迄今为止，它是纽约州北部最受欢迎的雕塑公园，位于哈德逊河谷，占地500英亩)”可知，StormKingArtCenter位于哈德逊山谷。故选C项。3．细节理解题。由OlympicSculpturePark(Seattle)中的“ThisoutdoorparkwascreatedbythenearbySeattleArtMuseumandfeaturesalargeredsculpturebyAlexanderCaldercalledEagle,aswellasWakebyRichardSerra.(这座户外公园由附近的西雅图艺术博物馆创建，以亚历山大·卡尔德的大型红色雕塑Eagle和理查德·塞拉的Wake为特色)”可知，在西雅图可以看到RichardSerra的雕塑作品Wake。故选B项。4．D

5．B

6．C

7．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中，AI画作拿一等奖惹怒人类艺术家，并引发热议。4．推理判断题。根据第三段“itspreadquicklyonTwitterdayslater,withmanyartistsfeelingangryaboutAllen’swinbecauseofhisuseofAItocreatetheimage.“Hejust‘pressedafewbuttonstomakeadigitalartpiece’,”oneTwitteruserwrote.“We’rewatchingthedeathofartunfoldbeforeoureyes.”(几天后，这张照片在推特上迅速传播，许多艺术家对艾伦的获奖感到愤怒，因为他使用了人工智能来创作这张图像。一位推特用户写道：“他只是‘按了几个按钮就做成了一件数字艺术品’。”“我们正在目睹艺术的死亡在我们眼前展开。”)”可推断，《太空歌剧院》这部AI作品引起了许多争论。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据第四段“HegavethefinaltouchtothosethreeimagesinPhotoshop.(他在Photoshop中对这三张图片进行了最后的润色。)”可知，艾伦创作他的参赛作品时，用Photoshop编辑他的最终图像。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“AllenisgladthatthedebateoverwhetherAIcanbeusedtomakeartisgettingsomuchattention.“Ratherthanhatingthetechnologyorthepeoplebehindit,weneedtorecognizeit’sapowerfultoolanduseitforgoodsowecanallmoveforward,”Allensaid.(艾伦很高兴关于人工智能能否用于艺术创作的争论得到了如此多的关注。艾伦说：“我们不应该憎恨这项技术或它背后的人，我们需要认识到它是一个强大的工具，并把它用于善，这样我们就可以向前迈进。”)”可推断，艾伦对关于他创作的艺术的争论持积极的态度。故选C。7．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“InAugust2022,Allen,a39-year-oldgamedesignerwholivesinPuebloWest,Colorado,wonfirstplaceinthe“digitalarts/digitally-operatedphotography”categoryattheColoradoStateFairFineArtsCompetition.(2022年8月，生活在科罗拉多州普韦布洛西部的39岁游戏设计师艾伦在科罗拉多州博览会美术比赛中获得了“数字艺术/数字操作摄影”类别的第一名)”和第三段“itspreadquicklyonTwitterdayslater,withmanyartistsfeelingangryaboutAllen’swinbecauseofhisuseofAItocreatetheimage.

(几天后，这张照片在推特上迅速传播，许多艺术家对艾伦的获奖感到愤怒，因为他使用了人工智能来创作这张图像。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国科罗拉多州博览会艺术比赛中，AI画作拿一等奖惹怒人类艺术家，并引发热议。所以“AIWonanArtContestandArtistsAreAngry(AI赢得了艺术比赛，惹怒人类艺术家)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。8．C

9．D

10．A

11．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们发明了3D打印和牛的技术，打印出来的和牛价格更低，并且可以调整牛肉的脂肪含量和口味等，人们未来可以吃到量身定做的牛肉，这是一项可持续发展的生物工程。8．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“3Dprintwagyubeef(themostexpensiveJapanesebeef)inalab(在实验室里3D打印和牛（日本最昂贵的牛肉）)”和“closelyresembleoriginalproducts(与原版产品非常相似)”可知，culturedmeat指的是人工培养的牛肉，cultured意为“人工培养的”，和C项意思一致。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Byisolatingbeefcells,thescientistsorganizedhowmuscles,fatandothercellsshouldbeplaced.(通过分离牛肉细胞，科学家们组织了肌肉、脂肪和其他细胞应该如何放置)”可知，3D打印的和牛牛肉的特别之处是在于科学家可以组织牛肉器官和细胞的结构。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段““Byimprovingthistechnology,itwillbepossibletonotonlyreproducecomplexmeatstructures,butalsomakesubtleadjustmentstothefatandmusclecomponents,”MichiyaMatsusaki,oneoftheproject’sresearchers,saidexcitedlyinastatement.(该项目的研究人员之一MichiyaMatsusaki在一份声明中兴奋地表示：“通过改进这项技术，不仅可以复制复杂的肉类结构，还可以对脂肪和肌肉成分进行细微调整。”)”推知，研究者对3D打印牛肉的态度是积极的。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilethismightbethefirstcutofwagyubeefevertobe3D-printed,otherattemptshavebeenmadetobio-printsteaks.InFebruarythisyear,AlephFarmsandtheFacultyofBiomedicalEngineeringattheIsraelInstituteofTechnologyjointlybio-printedandcultivatedaribeyesteakusingrealcowcells.(虽然这可能是第一块3D打印的和牛切片，但生物打印牛肉也有其他尝试。今年2月，Aleph农场和以色列理工学院生物医学工程学院联合用真正的牛细胞生物打印和培育了一种肋眼牛排)”可知，关于3D生物打印技术还有更多的研究。故选A。12．A

13．C

14．C

15．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了坚持不懈的优势，建议人们做事情应坚持不懈。12．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句话“Opportunitiesareneverseenbecausewhensomethingdoesn’thappeninstantlypeoplemoveontothenextthingontheirlistandconsiderthecurrentgoalafailure.(机会永远不会出现，因为当某件事没有立即发生时，人们会去做清单上的下一件事，并认为当前的目标是失败的)”可知，那些想要立即得到东西的人等不到结果出来就认定任务失败，并开始做下一件事，不能坚持原有目标。故选A项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段的第一、二两句话句话“Persistentpeoplehavetheadvantageoftime.Itallowsthemtostepback,observeandassesstheprogressofthegoaltheyarepursuing.(执坚持不懈的人有时间的优势。它允许他们后退一步，观察和评估他们正在追求的目标的进展)”可知，执坚持不懈的人有追求目标。根据第四段的第一、二两句话句话“Whenyouliveinstantlyyougainandloseinstantly.Manytimes,youdonotknowhowyougotthereorhowtogetbackbecauseitisnotrepeatable.(当你活在当下的时候，你的得失也就在当下，很多时候你不知道你是如何到达那里的，也不知道如何回到那里，因为它是不可重复的)”可知，即时的人很随意，漫无目的。再根据第四段的第三句话句话“Whenyoulivepersistentlyyoulearnhowthingswork,howtocorrectaplanandhowtoguideittomakeitsuccessful.(当你坚持不懈地生活，你就会知道事情是如何运作的，如何纠正一个计划，如何引导它使它成功)”可知，目标是坚持不懈人相对于即时的人的主要优势。故选C项。14．细节理解题。根据第四段的第三句话句话“Whenyoulivepersistentlyyoulearnhowthingswork,howtocorrectaplanandhowtoguideittomakeitsuccessful.(当你坚持不懈地生活，你就会知道事情是如何运作的，如何纠正一个计划，如何引导它使它成功)”可知，坚持不懈的人关注做事的成效。故选C项。15．推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段的最后一句“Toachieveyourgoal,youfirsthavetochangeyourlifefrominstantlytopersistently(坚持地).(要实现你的目标，你首先要改变你的生活，从瞬间到持久)”和末段第二句“Persistencewillgetyouthereifyoureallywanttogetthere.(如果你真的想成功，坚持会让你成功)”可知，作者的主要意图是建议人们学会坚持不懈。故选B项。16．A

17．F

18．C

19．G

20．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改变运气的方法。16．根据空前“Sometimes,everythingseemstogowrong.”（有时候，一切似乎都出错了。）以及空后“Yourbackaches.Yourcatkeepsthrowingup.”（你的背疼。你的猫一直在呕吐。）可知，A项“你没有得到一份工作”和后文都是在举例说明一些运气不好的事情，符合语境。故选A项。17．根据空后“Afterstudyingpeoplewhoconsiderthemselvesluckyorunlucky,hehasfoundthatthe“lucky”onesmakethebestuseofchanceopportunitiesandhavethecouragetofollowtheirintuition(直觉)totakethemwithouthesitation.”（在研究了那些认为自己幸运或不幸运的人之后，他发现那些“幸运”的人会充分利用机遇，并有勇气追随自己的直觉，毫不犹豫地抓住机会。）可知，通过了解幸运的人为何幸运的原因，可得出人们是可以改变运气的，F项“ProfessorWiseman相信有一些方法可以改善你的运气”符合题意，下文的he指代ProfessorWiseman，选项中的ProfessorWiseman也呼应下文中的Wiseman。故选F项。18．C项“幸运的人知道自己的方向”承接上文“Ifyou’reaflexibleperson,whenthoseopportunitiescomein,you’llmakethemostofthem.”（如果你是一个灵活的人，当这些机会到来时，你会充分利用它们）讲幸运的人知道怎么做，与下文“butoftentheychangethecoursedependingonbowthewindisgoing.”（但他们往往会根据风向改变方向。）是转折关系，突出幸运的人为何幸运。故选C项。19．G项“至于具体的活动，你可以通过写‘幸运日记’来关注积极的一面”引出空后““Eachnightbeforeyougotobed,spendabout30secondswritingdownagoodthingthat’shappenedthatday,orasenseofappreciationforfriendsorfamilyorhealth,oranegativethingthat’snolongerhappening,”Wisemansays.”（Wiseman说：“每天晚上睡觉前，花30秒左右的时间写下当天发生的一件好事，或对朋友、家人或健康的感激之情，或一件不再发生的消极事情。”）具体讲如何变得幸运会做的具体活动——每天写下积极的诸多事情。故选G项。20．根据上文“Also,don’tbeapersonofhabit.Takeadifferentroutewhenwalking,watchadifferentTVprogramme,speaktodifferentpeople.”（此外，不要成为一个习惯性的人。走路时走不同的路线，看不同的电视节目，和不同的人说话。）可知，这都是一些小小的改变，B项“即使是很小的改变也会很有效”讲做出改变的好处。故选B项。21．B

22．A

23．B

24．