福建省（新高考I卷）备战2024年高考英语考场仿真模拟（解析版）

精品试卷·第2页（共2页）备战2024年高考英语模拟卷05（新高考I卷）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanthinkofputtingthefoldingtabletogether?A．Interesting. B．Hard. C．Easy.【答案】B【原文】M:Theinstructionsheresaythatyouneedtoputthefoldingtabletogetheryourself.I’vespentallafternoontryingtodoit,butitwasimpossible.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.ThelasttimeItriedtoputtogetheratoytrainformyson,Ialmostgaveup.2．Whichmoviedoesthemanprefer?A．LostintheStars. B．NeverSayNever. C．Chang’an.【答案】C【原文】M:Let’senjoyamovietonight!W:Okay.Whichonedoyouwanttosee,LostintheStars,NeverSayNeverorChang’an?M:Chang’an.It’sgoodforourkidstolearnmoreaboutLiBai.3．Whereisthewomannow?A．Athome. B．Atschool. C．Inapark.【答案】B【原文】W：Tom,afterIfinishmyworkhereatschool,I'mgoingtothepark.M：OK,butI'mjustgoingtostayathome.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Newchallenges. B．Stampcollecting. C．Theirhobbies.【答案】C【原文】W:Howbeautifulthestampsare!Howlongdidittakeyoutocollectthem?M:Morethanthreeyears.W:Idon’thavethepatience.Iprefersomethingchallenging,soIchoosetoplaychess.5．Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A．Toputoffanappointment. B．Tomakeanapology. C．Tocancelaflight.【答案】A【原文】W:Hello,Mr.Smith.I’mafraidDr.Brownwon’tbeabletoseeyoutoday.He’sstillwaitingforaflightoutofNewYork.Hesaidhewouldmeetyoutomorrowafternoon.IsitOK?M:Soundsgood.Thanksforcalling.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．Whydoesthewomancometoseetheman?A．Tomakeuponeclass.B．Toaskabouthertermpaper.C．Totalkaboutcomputertechnology.7．What’sthedatetoday?A．November7th. B．November13th. C．November28th.【答案】6．B7．A【原文】M:Kendall,whydidn’tyoucometomyclassyesterday?W:I’msorry,ProfessorJames.ImissedyourclassyesterdaybecauseIhadabadheadache.Couldyoutellmeyourrequirementsformytermpaper,please?M:Sure.ThethemeofthepapershouldbeaboutthedevelopmentofcomputertechnologyinAmerica.W:OK.Howlongshoulditbe?M:Nolessthanl5pages.It’sdueonNovember28th,threeweeksfromnow,soyoushouldhaveenoughtimetofinishit.W:Thanks.Iwon’tletyoudown.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Schoolmates. B．Brotherandsister. C．Teacherandstudent.9．WhatjusthappenedtoCharlie’sshirt?A．Hegotateastainonit.B．Hegotbluepaintonit.C．Helostitonthegrass.10．WhatwillCharlietoafterschool?A．Buyanewshirt.B．Washhisshirthimself.C．Tellhismotherwhathappened.【答案】8．A9．B10．A【原文】W:Don’tsitthere.Oh,Charlie!M:Ouch!Isthischairmadeofpaper,Betty?W:Yes.Itriedtowarnyou.That’spartofoursetforourschoolplay.Didyouhurtyourself?M:No,butlookatmyshirt.W:Oh,no.Itlookslikeyougotpaintonit.Well,atleastit’stheprettyshadeofblue.M:Mymomwillkillme.Shejustwashedthegrassstainoutofitlastnight.Shetoldmetobemorecarefultoday.Ican’twearthishone.W:Don’tworry.She’llunderstandifyoutellherwhathappened.M:Noway.Ineedtobuyanewone.Youhavetogowithmeafterschool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11．Whatpartoftheman’sbodyishurting?A．Thetopofhishead.B．Therightsideofhisface.C．Theleftsideofhismouth.12．Wheredoesthemandecidetogo?A．Toahospital.B．Toadentist’soffice.C．Tohisregulardoctor’soffice.13．Howwillthespeakersgothere?A．Bybus. B．Bybike. C．Bycar.【答案】11．C12．A13．C【原文】M:Idon’tknowhowmuchlongerIcanstandthispain.Thedentistdoesn’tknowwhat’swrong.Myregulardoctordoesn’tknowwhat’swrong.WherecanIgotofindouthowtofixmyproblem?W:Isityourmouthagain?M:Yeah,theleftsideofmymouth.Ithurtslikecrazy!Icanhardlysleepatnight.W:Iguessyoushouldgotoanexpert,then.Can’tyourdoctorordentisttellyouwheretogo?M:Theyhaven’tbeentoohelpful.MaybeIshouldgostraighttotheemergencyroomatthehospital.W:Thatmightbeagoodidea.It’sSaturday,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutgoingtowork.Wantmetodriveyouthere?M:Yeah,IguessIshoulddoitnow.I’llgetready.I’mnotlookingforwardtothis.Iwonderwhatthey’llfind.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14．Whatdayisittoday?A．Thursday. B．Friday. C．Saturday.15．Whatkindofpartywillthegirlattend?A．Abirthdayparty. B．Awelcomeparty. C．Agoodbyeparty.16．Whydoesthemanrefusethegirltodrivehiscar?A．Shecantakethesubway.B．Shedoesn’thavealicense.C．Sheisnotskilledenoughtodrive.17．WhatgiftwillthegirlbringforJenny?A．Thewoodenboat. B．Chocolate. C．Someflowers.【答案】14．A15．C16．C17．A【原文】W:Dad,don’twaitformefordinnertomorrow.I’llgotoattendaparty.M:Issomeonehavingherbirthday?W:No,JennyisthrowingapartyatherhouseinHillPeakthisFriday.YouknowsheismovingtoNewYorknextweek.M:Isee.Theclosingtimeofthesubwayinthatareaisprettyearly.Doyouneedmetopickyouupwhenthepartyisdone.W:Ormaybeyoucanletmedriveyourcar?M:No,youjustgotyourlicense.It’snotsafe.W:Oh,comeon.Fine,I’llletyouknowwhenit’sover.Bytheway,whatgiftshouldIbringforJenny?M:I’mnotsure.Someflowers?Orsomechocolate,maybe?W:Well,I’mthinkingsomethingthatwilllast,somethingspecial.M:Howaboutthewoodenboatyoumadeformonths?IrememberJennylikeditverymuchlasttimeshesawit.W:You’reagenius,Daddy!Thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18．Whoarethelisteners?A．Parents. B．Students. C．Teachers.19．Howcanthelistenersgettheinformationabouttheprocedures?A．Fromabrochure. B．Fromadoctor. C．Fromthespeaker.20．Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdointheend?A．Gotothehealthcentersoon.B．Offertheirmedicalhistorytothedoctor.C．Makeanearlyappointmentwiththehealthcenter.【答案】18．B19．A20．C【原文】Goodafternoon!Thankyouforcomingtotheinternationalstudentoffice’sfirstmeetingforstudentsgoingabroadtoSouthAmerica,nextautumn.Ifyouhaven’tyetsignedournamelist,besuretodoitonyourwayout.Thismeetingisamustforyou,soyouneedtomakesureweknowyou’rehere.Today,let’stalkabouthealthandthenecessaryprocedurestogetyourstudentvisa.Allofyoushouldgatherhealthinformation,suchasevidencefromyourdoctorsthatyoudon’thaveanyseriousdiseases.Alltheinformationabouttheprocedurescanbefoundinyourhostcountrybrochure.Youarealsorequiredtomeetwithadoctoratthestudenthealthcenter.Thehealthcentercangiveyouinformationaboutappointmenttimes,butpleasebookyourappointmentearly,becausetheexpertisonlyondutyatcertaintimes.Remember,youshouldhaveyourmeetingatleastfourtosixweeksbeforeyourtrip.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节

（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnimalvolunteeringabroadistheperfectopportunityforanimalloverswhowanttodosomethinggoodwhiletraveling.Hereareseveralprograms.LeatherbackTurtleAmbassadorOurmainmissionistoprotectendangeredseaturtlessuchastheleatherbackseaturtleandthegreenseaturtle.Byworkingwithlocalsandenvironmentaleducationprograms,wewillbeabletoeducatepeopleontheimportanceofprotectingthevaluableseaecosystem.Location:Limon,CostaRicaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishFee:266€perweekWildlifeShelterCarerEveryyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.Location:NewSouthWales,AustraliaRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:706€perweekThaiElephantSanctuaryOurprogramhelpsdomesticatedelephantsrescuedfromalifeofworkingonthestreetsorloggingandprovidescaretorescuedelephantpopulation.TheprogramhaswonnumerousawardsforitsethicalcontributiontotheassistanceofThaiElephants.Theteamhaverescueddozensofelephantsandgiventhemsheltersinbeautiful,openspaces.Location:Phetchaburiprovince,ThailandRequirements:Age:18-50;Languageskill:fluentEnglishFee:647€perweekForce-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistantAreyoupassionateabouthorsesandeagertomakeapositiveimpactonhorsewelfare?JoinourincredibleForce-FreeHorseSanctuaryProgram,whereyou’llbecomepartofadevotedteamcaringforourbeautifulhorses.Throughpositivereinforcementandforce-freehorsemanshipskills,you’llhelpimprovethelivesofthesemagnificentanimals.Location:Atajate,SpainRequirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanishFee:392€perweek21．Whichprogramcostsleastperweek?A．LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador. B．WildlifeShelterCarer.C．ThaiElephantSanctuary. D．Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant.22．WhatcanyoudointheprogramofWildlifeShelterCarer?A．Advocateprotectingseaanimals.B．Attendtoanimalsinpoorcondition.C．Adoptendangeredanimalsasyourpets.D．Acquirecomplicatedhorsemanshipskills.23．Wherecanyouvolunteerifyouarea15-year-oldEnglishspeaker?A．Limon,CostaRica. B．NewSouthWales,Australia.C．Phetchaburiprovince,Thailand. D．Atajate,Spain.【答案】21．A22．B23．D【导语】本文是应用文。介绍四个不同的动物保护志愿者项目，每个项目都提供了详细的描述，包括项目的目标、地点、要求和费用。21．细节理解题。根据LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador下的“Fee:266€perweek(费用：每周266欧元)”，WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Fee:706€perweek(费用：每周706欧元)”，ThaiElephantSanctuary下的“Fee:647€perweek(费用：每周647欧元)”以及Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Fee:392€perweek(费用：每周392欧元)”可知，LeatherbackTurtleAmbassador是花费最少的。故选A项。22．细节理解题。根据WildlifeShelterCarer下的“Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofnativeanimalsareinjuredorbecomesick,oftenbecauseofinteractionwithpeopleorpets.Ourwildlifesheltershaverescuedsick,injurednativewildlifeandlovedthembacktohealthtobereturnedtothenaturalenvironment.Sincewereceivenofundingfromgovernments,thesheltersrelyonthedonationsofvolunteersandthepublic.(每年，成千上万的本土动物受伤或生病，通常是因为与人或宠物的互动。我们的野生动物收容所拯救了生病、受伤的本地野生动物，并爱护它们，使它们恢复健康，回归自然环境。由于我们没有得到政府的资助，这些庇护所依靠志愿者和公众的捐款)”可知，在WildlifeShelterCarer可以照料状况不佳的动物。故选B项。23．细节理解题。根据Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant下的“Requirements:Age:14-50;Languageskill:basicEnglishorbasicSpanish(要求：年龄14-50岁;语言能力:基本英语或基本西班牙语)”可知，如果你是一个15岁的英语母语者，你可以在Force-freeHorseSanctuaryAssistant中作志愿者，地点在“Location:Atajate,Spain”。故选D项。BIwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfermetoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,becausetheyfirmlybelievedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness:asafeandwell-paidjob.ButmydreamwastobecomeaChineseoperasinger.AlthoughItriedeverythingIcouldtogotooperaschool,IknewIwastoooldtobetrainedandmydreamwouldnevercometrue.Butthat’ssounfair.SoIwasdeterminedtofindanothercalling—books.IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.Comparingandcontrastinggivescholarsamorecompleteunderstandingofatopic.SoIthought,well,ifcomparativereadingworksforresearch,whynotdoitindailylifetoo?SoIstartedreadingbooksinpairs.Theycanbeaboutpeoplewhoareinvolvedinthesameevent—BenjaminFranklinbyWalterIsaacsonandJohnAdamsbyDavidMcCullough,forexample,orfriendswithsharedexperiences.Ialsocomparethesamestoriesindifferentgenresorsimilarstoriesfromdifferentcultures,asJosephCampbelldidinhiswonderfulbookThePowerofMyth.Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal(入口)toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.Ihavecometobelievethatcomingtrueisnottheonlypurposeofadream.Itsmostimportantpurposeistogetusintouchwithwheredreamscomefrom,wherepassioncomesfromandwherehappinesscomesfrom.Evenashattered(遭受极大打击的)dreamcandothatforyou.Somaybooksbealwayswithyou.24．What’sthepurposeofparagraph1?A．Toprovidebackgroundinformation. B．Tolistsomeexamples.C．Tomakeacomparison. D．Tosummarizetheparagraphsbelow.25．Fromwhichbookdidtheauthorgetthemotivationtostudyabroad?A．FuLei’sFamilyLetters. B．JaneEyre.C．CheaperbytheDozen. D．CompleteWorksofSanmao.26．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thefutureofcomparativereading.B．Theconceptofcomparativereading.C．Thewriter’sexperiencesofcomparativereading.D．Thewriter’sachievementsofcomparativereading.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowIChaseMyDreams B．HowBooksOpenMyMindC．WhyIAmKeenonComparativeReading D．WhyaShatteredDreamChangesMyLife【答案】24．A25．D26．C27．B【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者热爱阅读，他在出国后进行对比阅读研究并将其运用到生活之中，作者希望书籍可以伴随人们终身。24．推理判断题。根据第一段“IwastrainedasagymnastinHunan,China,inthe1970s.Thegovernmentwantedtotransfer(转学)metoaschoolforathleteswhilemyparentswantedmetobecomeanengineer,becausetheyfirmlybelievedtherewasonlyonesurewaytohappiness:asafeandwell-paidjob.ButmydreamwastobecomeaChineseoperasinger.AlthoughItriedeverythingIcouldtogotooperaschool,IknewIwastoooldtobetrainedandmydreamwouldnevercometrue.”（20世纪70年代，我在中国湖南接受体操训练。政府想把我调到一所运动员学校，而我的父母则希望我成为一名工程师，因为他们坚信只有一条通往幸福的可靠途径：一份安全且高薪的工作。但我的梦想是成为一名中国戏曲歌手。尽管我想尽一切办法去上歌剧院，但我知道我太老了，无法接受训练，我的梦想永远不会实现。）可知，这一段的目的是介绍了故事发生的背景信息。故选A项。25．细节理解题。根据第二段“IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.”（我从傅雷和朱梅馥的《傅雷家书》中满足了对父母建议的渴望，从《简·爱》中找到了独立女性的榜样，从《儿女一箩筐》中学会了高效，读了《三毛全集》和《历史教训》后，我萌生了出国留学的念头。）可知，作者在阅读《三毛全集》后得到了出国的动力。故选D项。26．主旨大意题。根据第三段“IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.Comparingandcontrastinggivescholarsamorecompleteunderstandingofatopic.SoIthought,well,ifcomparativereadingworksforresearch,whynotdoitindailylifetoo?SoIstartedreadingbooksinpairs.”（我1995年来到美国，在那里我开始了比较阅读。比较和对比使学者们对一个主题有了更全面的了解。所以我想，如果比较阅读是为了研究，为什么不在日常生活中也这样做呢？所以我开始两人一组看书。）可知，第三段主要介绍了关于作者对比阅读的经历。故选C项。27．主旨大意题。根据第二段“IsatisfiedmyhungerforparentaladvicefromtheFuLei’sFamilyLettersbyFuLeiandZhuMeifu,foundmyrolemodelofanindependentwomanfromJaneEyre,learnedtobeefficientfromCheaperbytheDozen,andinspiredmyselftostudyabroadafterreadingCompleteWorksofSanmaoandLessonsfromHistory.”（我从傅雷和朱梅芙的《傅雷家书》中满足了对父母建议的渴望，从《简·爱》中找到了独立女性的榜样，从《儿女一箩筐》中学会了高效，读了《三毛全集》和《历史教训》后，我萌生了出国留学的念头。）及第三段“IcametotheU.S.in1995whereIstartedcomparativereading.”（我1995年来到美国，在那里我开始了比较阅读。）及最后一段“Bookshavegivenmeamagicportal(入口)toconnectwithpeopleofthepastandthepresent.”（书籍给了我一个与过去和现在的人们联系的神奇入口。）可知，本文讲述的是书籍使我出国从事研究并让我有了新的认识，说明本文主要介绍的是书籍如何开阔我的头脑。故选B项。CAcidrainisveryharmfultotheenvironmentbecauseitmakeslivingthingsdie.Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.Allrainwatercontainssomelevelacidity.AcidityismeasuredbyPH,whichstandsforpotentialofhydrogen(氢).ThePHscalemeasurestheamountofacidinasubstance.PHismeasuredonascalefrom0to14,with7beingneutral(中性的).ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.NormalrainwaterhasaPHof5.6.WhenthePHlevelofrainwatergoesbelow5.6,itisconsideredacidrain.Allofthesealifewilldiewhenthewaterbecomestooacidic.Forexample,allfishwilldiewhenthewatergoesbelowaPHof4.5.MostofthefrogsandinsectsthatlivearoundthewaterwillalsodiewhenthewaterreachesaPHof4.5.WhenthewaterhasaPHof5.5,allofthebottom-dwellingbacterialdecomposers(分解体),animalsthateattheremainsofthefoodthatotheranimalsdon’twant,willbegintodie.Whenthesedecomposersdie,theywillleavetheunder-composedfoodonthebottom.Thiswillmakethewaterdirtyandpolluted.Allfreshwatershrimps(虾)willdiewhenthewaterhasaPHof6.0.AquaticplantswillgrowthebestwhenthewaterhasaPHbetween7.0and9.2.Iftheacidrainproblemgetsworse.allofthesealifewilleventuallybegone.28．Whatcanweknowaboutacidrain?A．Itdoesmoreharmtolifeinthewaterthanonland.B．Itwillkillthelivingthingsassoonasittouchesthem.C．Itisrainwaterwhichcontainsanyamountofacidity.D．Itisasubstancewhichhaspotentialofhydrogen.29．Whichofthefollowingcandiemosteasilyinacidicwater?A．Allfish. B．Frogsandinsects.C．Bacterialdecomposers. D．Freshwatershrimps.30．Accordingtothetext,weknowthat_______.A．ifthePHofrainwateris5.6,allofthesealifewillbegoneB．ifthePHofseawaterisbelow7.0,itisnotaproblemC．ifthePHofrainwaterisbelow5.6,itisdangerousD．ifthePHofseawaterisbelow4.5,someoftheseafishcan’tdie31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionofacidrain. B．Howtomeasurerainwater’sPHlevel.C．Theeffectsthatacidrainhasonsealife. D．Howtoprotectsealifefromacidrain.【答案】28．A29．D30．C31．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是酸雨对海洋生物的影响。28．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.(酸雨不仅影响陆地上的生命，也影响水中的生命。在水里情况更糟，因为鱼需要水来呼吸。当水被污染时，鱼会生病并最终死亡。)”可知，酸雨它对水中生命的危害比陆地上更大。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.（PH值越低，表示该物质的酸性越强。）”和最后一段的句子“Allofthesealifewilldiewhenthewaterbecomestooacidic.Forexample,allfishwilldiewhenthewatergoesbelowaPHof4.5.MostofthefrogsandinsectsthatlivearoundthewaterwillalsodiewhenthewaterreachesaPHof4.5.WhenthewaterhasaPHof5.5,allofthebottom-dwellingbacterialdecomposers(分解体),animalsthateattheremainsofthefoodthatotheranimalsdon’twant,willbegintodie.Whenthesedecomposersdie,theywillleavetheunder-composedfoodonthebottom.Thiswillmakethewaterdirtyandpolluted.Allfreshwatershrimps(虾)willdiewhenthewaterhasaPHof6.0.(当水变得太酸时，所有的海洋生物都会死亡。例如，当水的PH值低于4.5时，所有的鱼都会死亡。当水的PH值达到4.5时，生活在水周围的大多数青蛙和昆虫也会死亡。当水的PH值为5.5时，所有生活在海底的细菌分解者，也就是那些吃了其他动物不想要的食物残渣的动物，都会开始死亡。当这些分解者死亡时，它们会把未分解的食物留在底部。这将使水变得肮脏和污染。当水的PH值为6.0时，所有的淡水虾都会死亡)”可知，淡水虾的耐酸性是最弱的，所以，在酸性水中，最容易死亡的是淡水虾。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据第二段中“PHismeasuredonascalefrom0to14,with7beingneutral(中性的).ThelowerthenumberisonthePHscale,themoreacidicthatsubstanceis.NormalrainwaterhasaPHof5.6.WhenthePHlevelofrainwatergoesbelow5.6,itisconsideredacidrain.(PH值在0到14的范围内测量，其中7为中性。PH值越低，表示该物质的酸性越强。正常雨水的PH值为5.6。当雨水PH值低于5.6则被认为是酸雨。)”可知，如果雨水的PH值低于5.6时雨水就被认为是酸雨，此时就很危险了。故选C。31．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Acidrainaffectslifeinthewateraswellaslifeontheland.Itisevenworseinthewaterbecausethefishneedthewatertobreathe.Whenthewatergetspolluted,thefishgetsickandendupdying.(酸雨不仅影响陆地上的生命，也影响水中的生命。在水里情况更糟，因为鱼需要水来呼吸。当水被污染时，鱼会生病并最终死亡。)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是酸雨对海洋生物的影响。故选C。DEverwonderedwhyyourpartnerisupwiththelark(百灵鸟)whileyouarehappilysleepingtillnoon?ItcouldbethankstoNeanderthalgenes,accordingtoanewstudy.ScientistscomparingancientDNAwiththegeneticsofmodernhumansdiscovereda“strikingtrend”,saidJohnCapra,anepidemiologist(流行病学家)attheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFrancisco.TheresearchersfoundthattheNeanderthalgenesthatremainaffectthebodyclock—increasingtendencytobeamorningperson.Neanderthalslivedathigherlatitudes(纬度)thanourancestorswhomigratedfromAfrica—furtherawayfromtheequator,withthedayslongerinsummerandshorterinwinter.“Thegenethatmakespeopleearlyriserslikelyenablesmorerapidalignment(协调一致)ofthecircadianclock(生物钟)withchangingseasonallightpatterns,”DrCaprasaid,“whenNeanderthalswereabletomakethemostofdaylighthourstohunt.”Scientistshavepreviouslyexploredhowthecircadianrhythmsofinsects,plants,andfishhavedevelopeddependingonlatitude.Butthathasn’tbeenwellstudiedinhumans.TheresearcherswantedtoseewhethertherewasageneticreasonfordifferencesincircadianrhythmsbetweenNeanderthalsandmodernpeople,andfound16variants(变异体)associatedwithgreater“morningness”.TheysuspectedthatasNeanderthalsandtheancestorsofmodernhumansmated,peopletodaycouldhavefollowedNeanderthal“circadianvariants”.Totestthis,scientistsanalysethegeneticsofseveralhundredthousandpeoplefromtheUKBiobankandfoundmanyofthevariantsthataffectsleeppreference.“Mostnoticeably,theyfoundthatthesevariantsincreasemorningness,”theresearcherssaid.Thisisconsistentwithwhathasbeenfoundinotheranimalsthathaveadaptedtolivingatahighlatitude,asNeanderthalsdid.32．Whydoestheauthormention“yourpartnerisupwiththelark”inparagraph1?A．Tointroducethefollowingcontext.B．Tocomparetwomorninglifestyles.C．Topraisethosewhogetupearly.D．ToexpressgratitudetoNeanderthals.33．WhatistherootforNeanderthals’morningnessaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Thecapabilityofhuntinganimals. B．ThegenesfromAfricanancestors.C．Theenvironmentathigherlatitudes. D．Thedaylighthoursaroundtheirhabitats.34．Whatcanbeinferredinparagraph4?A．Morningnessinhumanisunlikethatinplants.B．Insects’circadianrhythmsareimpactedbylatitude.C．Scientistshavepreviouslystudiedthegenesofanimals.D．ThegenesofNeanderthalsistheonlyreasonformorningness.35．Howdidresearchersprovetheirsuspection?A．Byanalyzingstatisticsofthesubjects.B．Byobservingpeople’ssleepinghabits.C．Byinterviewingparticipantsintheexperiment.D．Bycomparingsleeppreferenceamonghumanandanimals.【答案】32．A33．D34．B35．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究，尼安德特人的基因影响着生物钟的增加，使他们成为早起的人。32．推理判断题。根据第一段“Everwonderedwhyyourpartnerisupwiththelark(百灵鸟)whileyouarehappilysleepingtillnoon?ItcouldbethankstoNeanderthalgenes,accordingtoanewstudy.(你有没有想过，为什么你的伴侣起得很早，而你却在快乐地睡到中午？根据一项新的研究，这可能要归功于尼安德特人的基因)”可知，while表示对比，后面说到你睡到中午，你的伴侣不同，所以，作者提到“你的伴侣起得很早”是为了介绍下面的研究背景。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Neanderthalslivedathigherlatitudes(纬度)thanourancestorswhomigratedfromAfrica—furtherawayfromtheequator,withthedayslongerinsummerandshorterinwinter.‘Thegenethatmakespeopleearlyriserslikelyenablesmorerapidalignment(协调一致)ofthecircadianclock(生物钟)withchangingseasonallightpatterns,’DrCaprasaid,‘whenNeanderthalswereabletomakethemostofdaylighthourstohunt.’(尼安德特人生活在比我们从非洲迁徙而来的祖先更高的纬度——远离赤道，夏季白昼更长，冬季白昼更短。卡普拉博士说：“使人们早起的基因可能使生物钟与季节光照模式的变化更迅速地保持一致，因为尼安德特人能够充分利用白天的时间打猎。”)”可知，尼安德特人早起是为了充分利用白天的时间打猎。由此可知，尼安德特人早起的根源是他们栖息地周围的白天时间。故选D。34．细节理解题。根据第四段“Scientistshavepreviouslyexploredhowthecircadianrhythmsofinsects,plants,andfishhavedevelopeddependingonlatitude.(科学家们此前已经探索了昆虫、植物和鱼类的昼夜节律是如何随着纬度的变化而发展的)”可知，昆虫的昼夜节律受到纬度的影响。故选B。35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Totestthis,scientistsanalysethegeneticsofseveralhundredthousandpeoplefromtheUKBiobankandfoundmanyofthevariantsthataffectsleeppreference.“Mostnoticeably,theyfoundthatthesevariantsincreasemorningness,”theresearcherssaid.Thisisconsistentwithwhathasbeenfoundinotheranimalsthathaveadaptedtolivingatahighlatitude,asNeanderthalsdid.(为了验证这一点，科学家们分析了英国生物银行几十万人的基因，发现了许多影响睡眠偏好的变异。研究人员说：“最值得注意的是，他们发现这些变异增加了早起的习惯。”这与其他适应高纬度生活的动物的发现是一致的，比如尼安德特人)”可知，研究人员通过分析受试者的统计数据证明他们的怀疑。故选A。第二节

（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Readinganewstoryaloneisoftenagreatwaytorelax.However,sometimesyoujustwanttodiscusswhatyou’vereadwithanotherpersontobringthoseideasoffthepageandintotheworld.36First,findmembers.Whenyoubeginsearchingforyourbookclubmembers,lookintheplacesinyourlifethatfeelmostnaturaltoyou.37Then,maybeit’spostinganoticeonthebulletinboardofyourlocallibraryorbookstore.Ifyou’relookingto“getarangeofperspectives”fromyourclub,youmaywanttoconsiderlookingforadiverserangeofagesandgenders.Theycanbringtheirvariedworldviewstodiscussions.38Willyourtimetogetherbespentlargelyfocusingonthenovelathand,orwillrefreshmentsultimatelybethemostimportant?There’sthetypicalfriendsgatheringatsomeone’sapartmentandhavingcheeseandwineapproach.Butoftentimes,peoplewillbefrustratedbecausetheyjustturnintoasocialeventratherthanfocusingonthebook.Inordertomakesureyournewgroupisallonthesamepage,takethetimetodiscusswhatyouwanttogetoutofregularclubgatheringsbeforeyourfirstofficialmeeting.Pickingbooksmayseemlikethetrickiestpart.Booksthatworkreallywellareonesthatallowyoutoreflectonself.Theyhavealotofentrypointsforpeoplesotheyprobablyhaveagoodsetting.Thepacingissolid.There’sgreatcharacterdevelopmentandthelanguagedoesn’tgetinthewayofthestory.39Beforeyourmeetings,listsomediscussionquestions.Remembertocomeupwithquestionsdependingonyourbook’sgenre:romance,mystery,thrillerandsoon.40Forexample,youmayaskwhichscenehasstuckwiththemthemostorwhetherthereareanystandoutsentences.A．Itisnecessarytosetsomegroupguidelines.B．Here’salookoffourofourfavoritesbelow.C．Tostart,reachouttoyourfriendswholovetoread.D．Therearealsogeneralquestionsyoucanstartoutwith.E．Youcannevergowrongwiththebestsellerlisttogettheballrolling.F．Choosesomethingwiththatcriteriaandyoucanpleaseallkindsofreaders.G．Ifyou’veeverhadtheu