2024年1月首考英语试题

2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案

转涂到答题纸上。

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对

话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.£19.15.B.£9.I8.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthemando?

A.Acomputertechnician.B.Ahotelreceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.

2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atthegrocer's.B.Atthetailor's.C.Atthecleaner,s.

3.HowdidthespeakercometoSeattle?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.

4.Whatwillthespeakershavefordinnertoday?

A.Friedrice.B.Noodles.C.Steak.

5.HowisSophiefeelingnow?

A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个

选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个

小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodobeforenoon?

A.Postaletter.B.Makeacard.C.Writeanemail.

7.Whosebirthdayisit?

A.Richard's.B.Sarah's.C.Vera's.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.WhatcoursedoesProfessorBrooksteach?

A.PublicSpeaking.B.EuropeanHistory.C.EnglishLiterature.

9.WhydoesVickycometotalkwithProfessorBrooks?

A.lbsignupforhiscourse.

B.Tbaskforamake-uptest.

C.lbdiscussherhomework.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10.WhatdoesLindadoforplaysandshows?

A.Shegivesactorsadvice.

B.Sheassignsrolestoactors.

C.Shedesignsactors'clothes.

11.WhatdocsLindaneedtoresearch?

A.Thesettingofthestory.

B.Thedecorationofthestage.

C.Thenamesofthecharacters.

12.WhodoesLindareportherworkto?

A.Thedirector.B.Theeditor.C.Thephotographer.

13.WhatdoesLindasayaboutherjob?

A.Itpaysverywell.B.Itrequiresteameffort.C.Itinvolvesfrequenttravel.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.WhatdoesKevinthinkofabstractart?

A.Ithaslastingartisticvalue.

B.Itmakeslittlesensetohim.

C.Ilappealsmainlytochildren.

15.Whatimpressiondidthefirstpaintinggivethewoman?

A.Hopefulness.B.NervousnessC.Coldness.

16.Whatcolorwasusedforthebackgroundinthesecondpainting?

A.GreenB.Purple.C.Red.

17.WhatwillKevinprobablydothisSaturday?

A.Attendanartclass.B.Visitanexhibition.C.Buyanabstractpainting.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhatcausedtheclosureofPittwaterRoad?

A.Afallentree.B.Afloodedriver.C.Acaraccident.

19.WhathappenedatTownHallStation?

A.Apoliceofficergothurt.

B.Apassengerwentmissing.

C.Thestationroofwasbroken.

20.Whatareroadusersadvisedtodo?

A.Driveatlowspeed.B.Postponetheirtrips.C.Followtrafficsigns.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturns

withthisTailStacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure^^hasallthegoodstuff;includingthefencepainting,the

graveyard,theislandandthecave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.

That'sthelocalstagewritingteamthatcreatesmanyoftheChildren'sTheatreofCincinnati's

originalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsatEnsembleTheatre.

ThisyearNathanTurnerofBurlingtonisTomSawyer,andRobbieMcMathofFortMitchell

isHuckFinn.

Turner,a1Oth-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliarpresenceon

Cincinnati'sstages.HeisastaractorofChildren'sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin”The

LegendofSleepyHollow^^and"TheWizardofOz."andisfreshfromJerseyProduction"Ragtime.”

McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSawyer”whenit

wasfirstperformedandisaChildren'sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.Thissummer

heattendedKentucky'sGovernor'sSchoolfortheArtsinMusicalTheatre.

Notetoteachers:Children'sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmathandscience

canbetaughtthrough“TomSawyer?'Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteof

Children'sTheatre.

21.WhowrotethemusicfbruTomSawyer:ARiverAdventure,,7

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.

C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoactors?

A.Theystudyinthesameschool.B.Theyworkedtogetherin“Ragtime”.

C.Theyareexperiencedonstage.D.Theybecamefriendstenyearsago.

23.WhatdoesChildren'sTheatreprovidefbrteachers?

A.Researchfunding.B.Trainingopportunities.

C.Technicalsupport.D.Educationalresources.

B

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecallnot

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（试演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkfbrmefornothing,Ispreadsomethrows

overthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephonebox

acrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanagingagent,

andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbadinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthereareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa”mini

communitylibrary^^:anypasser-bycan“borrow"abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,or

replaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“library”opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheesylovestories.ThenInoticedfolkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatableprice-pointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndFvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitfbrmywife

torescueme.

24.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

25.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.1bputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.D.Tbholdanaudition.

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”？

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

27.Whydidtheauthorsiantousethe"library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

C

OnSeptember7,199Lthecostliesthailstorm（雹暴）inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary*southern

suburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionper

yearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemical

tomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmers

ineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture（水

分）isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.

NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissue

fbryears."Basically,theprovincialgovernmentisJettingtheinsurance,companiesprotectthe

Calgary-EdmontonurbanareafromMr.Stienwandsays,“butthey'reincreasingdroughtrisk

asfareastasSaskatchewan.

TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksfbrWeather

ModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.44Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotal

moistureintheair,sowecannotbecausingdrought/,Dr.Krausssays.Tnfact,wemaybehelping

increasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.”

OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojust

retiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.t4In1999,【personallysawsignificanttornadoes（龙卷风）

formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,"Dr.Doswellsays."Doescloudseedingcreatekiller

stormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.^^

Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,t4itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”

Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheir

impacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies,Hence,

privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.

28.Whatdocstheprojectaimtodo?

A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.

C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.

29.Whoareopposedtotheproject?

A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta.B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.

C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton,

30.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?

A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.

B.lbillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.

C.Tbindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.

D.lbshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.

31.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.

B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.

C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.

D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.

D

TheStanfordmarshmallow（相花糖）leslwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftalone

intheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetweenanability

towaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswcfaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.Wc'rcnottempted（诱惑）by

sugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingofreward

andsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostand

effortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,

andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatwe

knowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轰炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental4junkfood''inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

32.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischePstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.B.Showrespectfbrtheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

33.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Absorbnewinformationreadily.B.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMoreB.TheBiterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetterD.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多

余选项。

Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollege

experience.____36____Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigital

learningisrightforyou?37____Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogettheiradvice

aboutonlinecourses.

Themostobviousadvantagesofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.

38"Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbeiofallbehind

schedule,saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,consider

whetheryou'reaself^motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyou

going.

Thetipthatcomesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,

justlikewhatyouwoulddowithin-personcourses.39Henotedthathisonlinestudents

usuallyendupwithlowergrades.Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswill

sufferasaresult.Besuretoschedulesettimestowatchyourlectures,readmaterialsandcontribute

toonlinediscussionboards.

____40_Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandoto

easethisproblem.JessicaPink,anundergraduatestudent,suggeststakingonlinecourseswitha

friend,soyoucanmotivateeachothertostayontrack.Youcanalsofindstudentsontheclass

discussionboardtoorganizeastudygroup,orschedulein-personmeetingswithyourprofessorto

discusscourseconcepts.

A.Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.

B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.

C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?

D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.

E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.

F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?

G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredfbronlinecourses.

非选择题部分

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。

Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinthenorthwestern

China,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful___41___withalocal

thatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman___42___meonthetrain.My___43___friend

spokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe___44___topracticemyChinese.

Overseveralhourshewouldtellmeabouthowhehad___45___atwo-yearprofessional

schooltoquicklyfindajob___46___highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsmost

___47___,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysical

labor.Withoutbattinganeyehewould___48___atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabout

theliteraryinfluenceofAmerican___49___asawhole.4tAndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussian

authors?^^I___50___himaskingatonepoint.

Itwouldhavebeeneasyto___51___myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohad

neverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,___52___,and

admirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he___53___mejust

howmuchonecangainfrom___54___withanopenmind,andawillingnessto___55___with

localsfromallwalksoflife.

41.A.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment

42.A.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached

43.A.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost

44.A.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right

45.A.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded

46.A.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding

47.A.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable

48.A.publishB.quoteC.copyD.download

49.A.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students

50.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch

51.A.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith

52.A.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated

53.A.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised

54.A.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching

55.A.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,if

you'reshoppingforone,buyingextra___56___(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn'tmakesense.

Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome___57___youcan'tusewhatyou'vebought

whileit'sstillfresh.

Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway58willmakethemthe

mostmoney.Ifmostoftheircustomersarchappytobuylargerquantities,that's___59___they'll

promote.Butthatleavesthesolo(单独)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.

Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree?,promotionsbecauseofthe

____60___(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.Consumersprefermoneyoffindividualitems.

However,thoughit'snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreifthey

couldsometimes___61___(offer)insmallerpacks.Eventhebiggestsausagefandoesn'twantto

eatthemeveryday.

Ifyoursupermarketsellslooseproduce,thenbuyingsmallerquantitiesiseasier.Overthelast

twoyears,somesupermarkets___62___(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacks___63___(design)

withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).Then,whenyouuseonesection,___64___other

staysfresh.

Whoknows,perhapssomeofthemoreforward-looking___65___(one)mayyetcomeout

withawholerangeof“justfbryou“packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节满分(15分)

请你写一篇短文向校英文报“SportsandHealth”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间

开展的运动，内容包括：

1.介绍这项运动；

2.说明推荐理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

StandUpandExercise,Everybody!

第二节：

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Evaspentthefirstweekofhighschooltryingtokeepherheadabovewater.Oneofthemajor

headachesfbrherwasfindingherwayinthehugeschoolbuilding.Ilwasasix-storybuilding.On

eachfloor,hallwaysstretchedinfourdirections,leadingtoclassrooms,laboratories,andteachers*

offices.Somewhereinthebuilding,therewasalsoalibrary,acafeteria,andagym.

Havingapoorsenseofdirection,Evafounditimpossibletogetaroundinsuchahugebuilding.

Allthedifferenthallwaysandroomsweretoomuchtothinkabout,letalonecommittomemory.

Shedecidedthatshewouldmemorizewhereherclasseswereandthenpretendthattherestofthe

placedidn'texist.

InherfastP.E.class,EvawasshockedwhenCoachPittannouncedthateveryonehadtorun

onemilearoundthetrackoutside.Shesearchedthefacesofherclassmatesfbrsignsofpanic.There

wasnothingshefearedmorethanhavingtorunawholemile.ToEva,“amile“wasusedtodescribe

longdistances.Itwastenmilesfromherhometohergrandfather's,andthatalwaysseemedlikea

longway,eveninacar!

WhenCoachPittblewhiswhistle（口肖子），Evafiguredshewouldbeleftinthedust.However,

whilesomeofherclassmatesedgedahead,othersactuallyfellbehind."It'sjustthebeginning,vshe

thought.<4rilcomeinlastforsure.”

SoonEvabegantobreathehard,withherheartpoundingandlegsshaking.Feelingdesperate,

Evastartedusingamindwickonherself.Shesloppedthinkingabouttheword44mile.^^Instead,she

focusedonreachingtheshadoweastonthetrackbyanoaktreeupahead.Thensheconcentrated

onjoggingtothespotwherethetrackcurved（拐弯）.Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcomplete

herfirstlap.Onelapturnedintotwo,thenthree,thenfour.

Paragraph1:WhenCoachPittsaid"Nicework!”toheratthefinishline,Evawassurprised.

Paragraph2:Evadecidedtousethesametricktodealwiththeschoolbuilding.

参考答案（仅供参考）

听力：

1-5：ACACB6-10:ACBBC11-15:AABBC16-20:ABCCB

阅读：

A篇:ACD