同济大学考博英语模拟试卷13

同济大学考博英语模拟试卷13

一、词汇（本题共30题，每题7.0分，共30分。）

1、Wehaveatpresentnotanyofthefurnitureasyourequired.

A、mark

B、inventory

C、stock

D^account

标准答案：C

知识点解析：A项“商标”;B项“存货清单”;C项“现货”;D项“账目”。根据题目

的意思结合选项应选Cc

2^Hefailedtocanyoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,andnowhehas

totheconsequences.

A、answerfor

runinto

C、abideby

D、stepinto

标准答案：A

知识点解析：answerfor是“对...负责”；B.runinto是“陷入,碰到"；C.abide

by是“遵守”;D.stepinto是“进入,走进

3、Stopaskingallthesepersonalquestions!Itisbadmannerstobe.

A、inquisitive

B、impatient

C、acquisitive

D、informative

标准答案：A

知识点解析：inquisitive好奇的,好问的；impatient不耐烦的;acquisitive想获得

的；informative有教益的，资料丰富的。

4、Maryhasbrownhair.Infact,it'squitesimilarinshapeyours.

A、with

B、to

C、like

D、as

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查介词的用法。similar后面要求跟to,表示“和……差不多”。

same后面跟as,组成thesame…as,表示“和一样与with连用，可以是the

samecasewith...,表示”的情况也如此like作介词,表示“像一样”。

5、Modernnursingpracticesnotonlyhastentherecoveryofthesickbutalsopromote

betterhealththroughpreventivemedicine.

A、permit

B、accelerate

C^determine

D、accompany

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、Ifyourexpensesyourincome,youwillbeindebt.

A、surpass

B、exceed

C^survive

D、pass

标推答案：R

知识点解析:surpass超越;exceed超出;survive比谁活得长，幸存；pass通过。

根据句意，B最合适。

7、Thatsounddoesn'tinhislanguage,soit'sdifficultfbrhimtopronounceit.

A、happen

B>occur

C、have

D、takeplace

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的四个动词或动词短语中，除了C项have以外，都含“发生”的

意思，但其中只有B项的。ccur含有“出现”的意思，适合本句的上下文，所以C为

本题的正确答案。

8、Itisnottoolate,butactionisneeded.

A^right

B>urgent

C^hurry

D、prompt

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、Somepeoplebelievethat"KingJohn"waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeople

itmightbewrittenbyanauthor.

A、delivered

B>anonymous

C^antique

D^ambiguous

标准答案：B

知识点解析：delivered在...交货的，包括运费在内的：anonymous不知名的；

antique古代的;ambiguous模棱两可的。

10、ThereislittlereasontobelievethattheUnitedSlateswillfromitsstatedgoal

ofregimechangeinIraq.

A、backdown

B、blowoff

C、popup

D、stepup

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题空格处是说放弃制定的目标。A项backdown"放弃，让步”符合

题意。其他三项blowof*吹掉,放出”;popup“突然出现”;stepup“提升”都不正

确。

11、Hethejohbecauseifinvolvedtoomuchtraveling.

A、tookup

B、appliedfor

C^turneddown

D^switchedto

标准答案：C

知识点解析：takeup开始从事。applyfor申请。turndown拒绝。switchto转到。

12、Influencedbytheenvironment,children'smindsitsandpiecesofdatawhen

theygrowup.

A、takeon

pickin

C、workout

D、putdown

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、Thesingeronthestagehasayoungfaceandavoiceofan.

A、boy...angel

B、boy's...angel

C、boy...angel's

D、boy's…angel's

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这句话意为“舞台上的歌唱者有着一张年轻男孩的脸和一副天使的嗓

音。”第一个空考察名词用作形容词，修饰“脸”；第二个空考查的是英语中的双重

所有格。

14>Wemusttrytouseourintellect.

A、tothegreatestadvantage

B、forthemostdetails

C、bytherarestchance

D^ofthegreatestsignificance

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题空格处是说充分利用智力。toihegreaiesladvanlage的意思是“最

佳地，充分地”，符合题意。其他三项“forthemostdetails最详细地；bytherarest

chance最少可能地;ofthegreatestsignificance最重要的”都不正确。

15、Thenewlawsthreatentomanypeopleofthemostelementaryfreedom.

A、snatch

B>depress

C、strip

D、deprive

标准答案：D

知识点解析：deprivesb.ofslh.“剥夺某人某物，阻止某人...的权利”；

snatch(at)“设法抓住，抢”：stripsb.ofsth.“除去衣物、覆盖物等”;depress”使沮

PC0

16、Thispassageimpliesthatthehighcostofrentingapartmentsisworriedby.

A、somecitygovernments

B、low-incomefamilies

C^rentersandcityplanners

D、alloftheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：proclaim宣布；reclaim开垦；exclaim惊叫；declaim朗读，朗诵。

17、Distanceeducationisdifferentfromself-studyinthatit.

A、providestraining-in-residenceforstudents

B、caterstotheinterestofeachindividualstudent

C^isavailabletovastmajorityofstudents

D、offersinstructionalservicetostudents

标准答案：D

知识点解析:delicious可口的；addicted使成瘾的；tasteful有鉴赏力的；desirable

称心的。

18、Thebatteriescanberechargedwhentheyrun.

A、over

down

C^out

D、along

标准答案：C

知识点解析:runover溢出。rundown撞倒。runout用完，耗尽。runalong走开,

离开。

19>Therabbiwasdeepinabouttheproblemsofhiscongregation.

A、meditation

reflection

C^conception

D、retrospection

标准答案：A

知识点解析：（meditation沉思，深思，同in连用）。句意为：那位犹太教教士对全

体教徒的问题进行了深思。B.refleclion沉思，反省；C.conception概念，想法；

D.retrospection回顾，回想。

20,Thankstosponsorship,thefeetowillbe$25andparticipantswill

havetopayonlytravelexpenses.

A、thoseinvited

B、thosewhoinvited

C、thosebeinginvited

D、thoseofinvited

标准答案：A

知识点解析：过去分词作为定语的题目，是一类常考的题目。

21、Amongthelowestofthejudicialranks,justicesofthepeaceneverthelessfrequently

exercisejurisdictionoveravarietyofmisdemeanors.

A^guidance

B>sovereignty

C、authority

D、suzerainty

标准答案.C

知识点就斤：暂无解析

22、Theneighborhoodboysliketoplaybasketballonthatlot.

A、valid

B、vain

C^vacant

D、vague

标准答案：C

知识点解析：vacant空的，空闲的，符合题意。valid|法律|有效的；vain徒劳的，

无益的：vague含糊的，模糊的。句意：附近的男孩子们喜欢在那块空地上打篮

球。

23、Thepeopleweretiredofreformcrusades;theywantednopartofanideathatmight

ttirnintoa.

A、respite

reality

C^mistake

D、cause

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

24>Wehavelongspeculatedthatifthereareotherwarm,wetandcozyplanetslike

ours,theymightcarbon-basedlifelikeours.

A、harbor

labor

CNmonitor

D、toil

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A选项的名词harbor作为及物动词用，意指“包含”、“聚藏”、“怀

有”。

25、Thepoliceinspector,havingreceivednewinformationfromaconfidentialsource,

decidedtoenlargetheofhisenquiry.

A、scope

B、magnitude

C、dimension

D、volume

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、Becausethedetailsoftheprojectwereratherhazy,wedecidedtorejecttheproposal.

A、dubious

B、unobtainable

C、lucrative

D、ambiguous

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这句话的意思是：由于该计划的细节非常——，我们决定拒绝这个方

案。在给出的选项中,dubious”怀疑的,可疑的"；unobtainable"不能获得的，达不

到的“；lucrative”有利的，赚钱的“；ambiguous"模棱两可的根据题意，1E确答案

是D。

27、Ashortbutheavyshowerbroughtthetoahaltandeverybodywenthome.

A^procedure

B、process

C、proceedings

D、profession

标准答案：C

知识点解析：（proceedings活动，事项）。句意为：一场很大的阵雨使活动中止，大

家都回家了。A.procedure过程，步骤；B.process过程；D.profession职业。

28、Dr.White,whoistobeoneofthebestsurgeonsinLondon,performedthe

operationandsuccessfullyremovedthetumorinherlungs.

A、perceived

B、thrilled

C、reputed

D、confessed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：bereputedtobe公认为，普遍称为。

29、ThetwofanaticPuertoRicannatianalistswhotriedtoassassinateHarryTrumanin

1950attackedhimwhenhewaslivingacrossthestreetinBlairHousewhiletheWhite

Housewasbeingrenovated.

A、refurbished

refurnished

C^reiterated

D、repainted

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项refurbished"重新擦亮（磨光）；再刷新；整修”与画线词

renovated“修（理，补）；改善;恢复；使呈新面貌”的意思相近,Theflatwillbe

refurbishedforthenewlenanls（这套房间将重新粉刷以接纳新房客），故选A。B项

refurnished"再供给，重新装备”;C项reiterated”反复地说,重申,重做”；D项

repainted"重漆，重画“，均与画线词意思不一致。

30、Howlargeaproportionofthesalesofstoresinornearresortareascanbeto

touristspending?

A、attributed

B、applied

C>contributed

D、attached

标准答案：A

知识点解析：attributed”把归于，归属"：applied”应用，实施"：contributed”贡

献,出力”;attached”附加,附属，伴随根据句意和各个选项的意思可知,正确

答案是A。

二、阅读理解(本题共“9题，每题1.0分，共〃9

分。)

Inacompetitiveeconomy,theconsumerusuallyhasthechoiceofseveraldifferent

brandsofthesameproducts.Underneaththeirlabels,theseproductsareoftennearly

identical.Onemanufacturer'stoothpastetendstodifferverylittlefromanother

manufacturer's.Twodifferentbrandsofshampoomayvaryonlyinscentorcolour.This

meansthatashopperoftenhaslittlereasontochooseonebrandoveranother.Thus,

manufacturersarcconfrontedwithaproblem——howtokeepsaleshighenoughtostayin

business.Manufacturerssolvethisproblembyadvertising.Throughadvertising,each

manufacturingcompanytriestoconvinceconsumersthatitsproductisspecial.Infact,

advertisementsmaybeclassifiedintothreetypesaccordingtothekindofappealsthey

use.Onetypeofadvertisementtriestoappealtotheconsumers'reasoningmind.For

example,itmaysaythatdentistsrecommendedFlashtoothpaste.Insellingaproduct,the:

truthofadvertisingmaybelessimportantthantheappearanceoftruth.Ascientific

approachgivestheappearanceoftruth.Anothertypeofadvertisementtoamusethe

potentialbuyer.Productsthatareessentiallyboringsuchascleaningpowderor

insecticide,areoftenadvertisedinanamusingmanner.Onewayofdoingthisistomake

theproductsappearalive.Theadvertisermaydrawlittlecartooneyesandlegsonthe

cansofcleaningpowderandhavetheresultingfiguresscrubthesink.Advertisersbelieve

thatconsumersarelikelytorememberandbuyproductsthattheconsumersassociate

withfun.Associatingtheproductwithsomethingpleasantisthetechniqueofthethird

typeofappeal.Inthisclassareadsthatsuggestthattheproductwillsatisfysomebasic

humandesires.Onesuchdesireisthewishtobeadmiredbyotherpeople.Thiskindof

appealissometimesstrengthenedbyhiringafamouspersontoendorsetheproduct.

Seeingthelamousperson,theconsumerissupposedtoreasonthat:Everyoneadmires

JudsonSmith,thegreatfootballstar.JudsonSmithusesBuckworthyBanktraveler's

checks,therefore,ifIuseBuckworthyBanktraveler'schecks,everyonewilladmireme

too.OneonlyneedstolookthroughamagazineorwatchanhourofTVinordertosee

examplesofthesethreedifferentadvertisingstrategies.(369words)

31、Whatdoesthefirstparagraphwanttoprove?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第一段倒数第二句是本段的主题。

32、Whatisthemeaningof"potentiar*(Line1,Para.3)?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：potential作为形容词有两种意思。一是“有潜力的”，二是“有可能

的在此取后者之意。

33、Ifascientistspeaksforaproduct,whatcategoryofadsdoesitmostlikelybelong

to?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第一类广告属于理性的，所以如果请的是科学家来为该产品做广告，

那个广告一定属于理性类的。

34、WhatisNOTtheauthor'sopinion?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者提到BuckworthyBanktraveler'scheck,是想用例了,来说明有的

人就喜欢跟着名人走，并非号召我们这样做。

35、Whydoestheauthoraddonesentenceasanotherparagraphintheend?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者写最后一段的目的是让我们相信他所说的是正确的。

Inoursocietytherazorofnecessitycutsclose.Youmustmakeabucktosurvivetheday.

Youmustworktomakeabuck.Thejobisoftenachore,rarelyadelight.Nomatterhow

demeaningthetask,nomatterhowitdullsthesensesorbreaksthespirit,onemustwork.

Latelytherehasbeenaquestioningofthis"workethic",especiallybytheyoung.

Strangelyenough,ithastouchedoffprofoundgrievancesinothershithertosilentand

anonymous.Unexpectedprecinctsarcbeingheardfrominashowofdiscontentbyblue

collarandwhite.Ontheeveningbusthetense,pinchedfacesofyoungfileclerksand

elderlysecretariestellusmorethanwecaretoknow.Ontheexpresswaysmiddle­

managementmenposewithoutgracebehindiheirwheels,astheyfleecityandjob.Inall,

thereismorethanaslightache.Andtheredanglestheimpertinentquestion:Should[here

notbeanotherincrement,earnedthoughnotyetreceived,toone'sdailywork一an

acknowledgmentofaman'sbeing?Infact,whatallofusare,lookingforisacalling,not

justajob.Jobsalonearenotbeingenoughforpeople.

36、"Inoursocietytherazorofnecessitycutsclose"inthefirstlinemeans.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由原文第一段第二句，人们为了能够得到经济保障及其再提高而在工

作中疲于奔命。

37、The"workethic"referredtointhefirstparagraphcanbeinterpretedas.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：注意文中“workethic”前面有指代词“this”。

38、Middle-managementmenfleecityandjobbecause.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：据原文Unexpectedprecinctsarebeingheardfrominashowof

discontentbybluecollarandwhite可知，他们已经厌倦了每天的工作，选B。

39、Thephrase"increment,earnedthoughnotreceived"inthethirdparagraphmeans

标准答案：C

知识点解析:关键理解Infact,whatallofusarclookingforisacalling,notjusta

job.即，应该从工作中得到乐趣，而不仅仅是为了拿到工资。

40>Themainideaofthispassageis.

标准答案：C

知识点》析：综合全文内容，选C。

SallyKemmererhas,sofar,escapedNorthernCalifornia'srollingblackouts.Butupon

theroofforherOaklandhome,workersaretappinginto,perhaps,themostreliablepower

source,thesun.Itcouldmeannomoreworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates.Sally

Kemmerer,homeownersays,"Ihopethatwe'llbeabletozeroout,youknow,ourelectric

bill.Imeanthat'sdefinitelyourgoal."Turningthesun'sraysintoelectricityis,ofcourse,

nothingnew.ButCalifornia'spowercrisishascastanewlightonthetechnology.Gary

Gerber,asolarpowercontractor,says,"Imighthavebeengetting,saythreephonecallsa

weekacoupleofmonthsage.I'mgettingsixadaynow,it'scompletelycrazy."

Alternativeenergyisevenmoreattractive,thankstoastaterebateprogram.Sofarthis

month,California'senergycommissionhasreceived200projectapplications.Thatis

morethanthenumberofapplicationsalllastyear.Puttinginasolarroofisstilla

relativelyexpensiveproposition.Thisprojectcostaround45000dollars.Eventakinginto

accountthestatesubsidyof12000dollars,thatleavesanetcosttothehomeownerof

around33000dollars.Sallysays,"Wewerehappytofindoutthat,eventually,thesystem

shouldpayforitself,youknow20-years,maybe."AaronWellendorfhashadap-v(or

photovoltaicgenerator)formorethanayear.Likemostsolarsystems,hisisnotoffthe

gridcompletelytheutilitystillkicksinatnight,orwhenthere'snosun.Butwhenthereis

brightlight,thingschange.Wellendorfsays,"I'mturningmymeterbackwardwithextra

powerthatI'mgeneraliug."Backward?That'sright!Wellendurrsinelerliackshuwmuch

powergoesbackintotheutilitygrid.Lastyearallthepaidforelectricitywasaservice

charge.Thatchargewasaroundfivedollarsamonth.Infact,evenafterpoweringhis

super-efficienthouseholdappliancesandhisconvertedelectrictruck,Wellendorf

generatedanetsurplusofmorethan2000-kilowatthours.Unfortunately,stalelaw

doesn'trequiretheutilitytopayhimforthat.Wellendorfsays,"Idon'tgetitinmoney,I

justgetthesatisfactionofhelpingoutthepowergrid."And,hegetsthesatisfactionof

beingenergyself-sufficient.

41、Accordingtothearticle,theCaliforniaenergycommissionhasreceived200project

applicationsinonemonth.Ifthatratecontinues,approximatelyhowmanyapplications

willtheyreceivehisentireyear?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：一个月收到了200份申请，按照这个比率计算，一年将收到

200x12=2400份申请。

42、Whatdoes"tozeroout"mean?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：zeroout使……变为零，这里使电费变为零，即不用供电公司的电。

43、Inamonthofworkdays(approximately20),howmanycallscouldthesolar

contractorexpectifthiscurrentratecontinuesunchanged?

标准答案：D

知识点解析:文中第六段提到Tmgettingsixadaynow”,每天6个电话，一个月

6x20=120o

44、Whatdocs"offthegrid"meaninthecontextofthisstory?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：grid输电网，对于安装了太阳能发电系统的住户来说，输电网的电指

的是供电公司的电，offthegrid也就是完全不用供电公司的电。

45、Accordingtothearticle,whenahomeownerputsinasolarroof,herworriesabout

blackoutsorpowerratesmightbeover.Whymightthatbetrue?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文中第二段提到"perhaps,themostreliablepowersource.Thesun.It

couldmeannomorewoniesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates",指出太阳能发电比供电

公司更可靠；第九段提到"eveniuaHy,ihesystemshouldpayforitself,youknow20-

years,maybe",指出太阳能发电将可能比监电网更便宜，因此选A。

Asthetwentiethcenturybegan,theimportanceofformaleducationintheUnitedStates

increased.Thefrontierhadmostlydisappearedandby1910mostAmericanslivedin

townsandcities.Industrializationandthebureaucratizationofeconomiclifecombined

withanewemphasisuponcredentialsandexpertisetomakeschoolingincreasingly

importantforeconomicandsocialmobility.Increasingly,too,schoolswereviewedasthe

mostimportantmeansofintegratingimmigrantsintoAmericansociety.Thearrivalofa

greatwaveofsouthernandeasternEuropeanimmigrantsattheturnofthecentury

coincidedwithandcontributedtoanenormousexpansionofformalschooling.By1920

schoolingtoagefourteenorbeyondwascompulsoryinmoststates,andtheschoolyear

wasgreatlylengthened.Kindergartens,vacationschools,extracurricularactivities,and

vocationaleducationandcounselingextendedtheinfluenceofpublicschoolsoverthe

livesofstudents,manyofwhominthelargerindustrialcitieswerethechildrenof

immigrants.Classesforadultimmigrantsweresponsoredbypublicschools,

corporations,unions,churches,settlementhouses,andotheragencies.Reformersearlyin

thetwentiethcenturysuggestedthateducationprogramsshouldsuittheneedsofspecific

population.Immigrantwomenwereonesuchpopulation.Schoolstriedtoeducateyoung

womensotheycouldoccupyproductiveplacesintheurbanindustrialeconomy,andone

placemanyeducatorsconsideredappropriateforwomenwasthehome.

46、Ilcanbeinferredfromparagraph1thatoneimportantfactorintheincreasing

importanceofeducationintheUnitedStaleswas.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、Thephrase"coincidedwith"inline8isclosestinmeaningto.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

48、Accordingtothepassage,oneimportantchangeinUnitedStateseducationbythe

1920'swasthat.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

49Vacationschoolsandextracurricularactivitiesarementionedinlines11〜12to

illustrate.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

50、Accordingtothepassage,early-twentieth-centuryeducationreformersbelievedthat

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

WhatMakesa"MillennialMind"?(1)Since1000AD,around30billionpeoplehave

beenbornonourplanet.Thevastmajorityhavecomeandgoneunknowntoallbuttheir

friendsandfamily.Afewhaveleftsometraceonhistory:adiscoverymade,perhaps,or

arecordbroken.Ofthose,fewerstillarerememberedlongaftertheirdeath.Yetofallthe

peoplewhohavelivedtheirlivesduringthelast1,000years,just38haveachievedthe

statusof^MillennialMinds"-that'sbarelyoneinabillion.ThosewhoselivesFocushas

chronicledhavethusbecomemembersofpossiblythemostexclusivelistofalltime.And

choosingwhoshouldbeincludedwasnoteasy.(2)Fromthebeginning,thesinglemost

importantcriterionwasthatthe"MillennialMinds"arethosewhodidmorethanmerely

achievegreatnessintheirowntime,orinonefield.ThusmerewinnersofNobelPrizes

hadnoautomaticrighttoinclusion,norartistswhogainedfameintheirownera,but

whosereputationhasfadedwithchangingfashion.Theachievementsofthegenuine

"MillennialMind"affectourlivesevennow,ofteninwayssofundamentalthatitishard

toimaginewhat'theworldwaslikebefore.(3)Noteventranscendentgeniuswas'enough

toguaranteeaplaceintheFocuslist.Torateasa"MillennialMind",thelifeand

achievementsalsohadtoeastlightonthecomplexnatureofcreativity:itsorigins,nature,

anditspersonalcost.

51、Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：C项的意思是：Focus的“MillennialMinds”名单是由经过严格挑选的

少数人组成的，这是对的。A项意思是“这个名单是秘密选出来”，显然不对；B项

的意思是：Focus给“MillennialMinds”编了一本传记，但文章中并没有提到;D项

的意思是：Focus极力想把那些著名的人物排除在外，这显然是不对的。

52、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从第二段第一句"whodidmorethanmerelyachievegreatnessintheir

owntime,orinonefield”可知B不对。D表达不准确,那些MillennialMinds的成

就对我们生活的影响是如此根本的，以致我们难以想像以前的世界是什么样子的，

并不是说使我们不能记得过去的事物是什么样子的。A由题可知明显不正确，所以

本题应选C。

53、Inthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraph,"transcendentgenius"means.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：“transcendent是“卓越的，出众的”的意思。

54>Inthethirdparagraph,thephrase"castlighton"canbereplacedby

标准答案：C

知识点解析：castlighton和shedlighton都有“使清楚,使明白地显示出来”的意

思。

Therearegreatcareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfind

thesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthere

isanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoarcabletotakeinagreatareaataglance,people

whoperhapsknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandfor

peoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneral

judgments.Andthese"generalists"areparticularlyneededforpositionsin

administration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhave

toplanforotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.Ths

specialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa"trained"

man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.The

gcneralist-andespeciallytheadministrator-dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswith

leadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan"educated"man;andthe

humanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeingan

administrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinaparticular

field.Anyorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,

duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyour

careeraccordingly.Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou-butthisisa

pureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecome

suspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookupon(he

firstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstand

yourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.

55、Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第一段的第二句至第五句可知B是正确答案。

56>Thespecialistis.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从第二段第一句知选项中D最符合本句的含义。

57、Theadministratoris.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从第二段第四句知应选择C选项。

58、Duringyourtrainingperioditisimportant.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题问在训练期间重要的事情是什么，重要的是找出自己适合做

"specialist"还是"generalist",D选项是正确答案。

59、Aman'sfirstjob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第四段最后一句可知B答案正确。

NexttoSirAndrewintheclubroomsitsCaptainSentry,agentlemanofgreatcourage,

goodunderstanding,butinvinciblemodesty.Heisoneofthosethatdeserveverywell,

butareveryawkwardatputtingtheirtalentswithintheobservationofsuchasshouldtake

noticeofthem.Hewassomeyearsacaptain,andbehavedhimselfwithgreatgallantryin

severalengagementsandatseveralsieges;buthavingasmallestateofhisown,and

beingnextheirtoSirRoger,hehasquittedawayoflifeinwhichnomancanrise

suitablytohismerit,whoisnotsomethingofacourtieraswellasasoldier.Ihaveheard

himoftenlamentthatinaprofessionwheremeritisplacedinsoconspicuousaview,

impudenceshouldgetthebetterofmodesty.Whenhehadtalkedtothispurpose,Inever

heardhimmakeasourexpression,butfranklyconfessthathelefttheworldbecausehe

wasnotfitforit.Astricthonesty,andanevenregularbehavior,areinthemselves

obstaclestohimthatmustpressthroughcrowds,whoendeavouratthesameendwith

himself,thefavorofacommander.Hewill,however,inhiswayoftalkexcusegenerals

fornotdisposingaccordingtomen'sdeserts,orinquiringintoit;for,sayshe,thatthe

greatmanwhohasamindtohelpme,hasasmanyto,breakthroughtocomeatme,asI

havetocomeathim:thereforehewillconcludethatthemanwhowouldmakeafigure,

especiallyinamilitaryway,mustgetoverallfalsemodesty,andassisthispatronagainst

theimportunityofotherpretenders,byaproperassuranceinhisownvindication.Hesays

itisacivilcowardicetobebackwardinassertingwhatyououghttoexpect,asitisa

militaryfeartobeslowinattackingwhenitisyourduty.Withthiscandourdoesthe

gentlemanspeakofhimselfandothers.Thesamefranknessrunsthroughallhis

conversation.Themilitarypartofhislifehasfurnishedhimwithmanyadventures,inthe

relationofwhichheisveryagreeabletothecompany;forheisneveroverbearing,

thoughaccustomedtocommandmenintheutmostdegreebelowhim;norevertoo

obsequious,fromahabitofobeyingmenhighlyabovehim.

60、CaptainSentry,inthispassage,demonstratesthatheisnoteworthybecauseofhis

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

61、Advancementinthearmyisoftengiventothepersonwho.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

62>CaptainSentryretiredtothecountrybecausehewas.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

63、"Candour"means.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

64、IndescribingCaptainSentry5sfailuretoadvance,theauthoris.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

ThisweekmarkstheIOthanniversaryoftheAlarapplescare,inwhichmanyAmerican

consumersweredrivenintoapanicfollowingthereleaseofareportbyanenvironmental

organizationclaimingthatapplescontainingthechemicalAlarposedaserioushealth

threattopreschoolers.ThereportwasdisseminatedthroughaPR(ProblemReport)

campaignandbypassedanylegitimateformofscientificpeerreview.Introducedtothe

AmericanpublicbyCBS'"60Minutes,*'theunsubstantiatedclaimsinthereportledsome

schooldistrictstoremoveapplesfromtheirschoollunchprogramsandundulyfrightened

conscientiousparentstryingtodevelopgoodeatinghabitsfortheirchildren.Lastmonth,

ConsumersUnionreleasedareportwarningconsumersoftheperilsofconsumingmany

fruitsandvegetablesthatfrequentlycontained"unsafe'levelsofpesticideresidues.This

wasespeciallytrueforchildren,theyclaimed.Likeitspredecessor10yearsearlier,the

ConsumersUnionreportreceivednolegitimatescientificpeerreviewandthepublic's

firstexposuretoitwasthroughnewscoverage.Notonlydocssuchreportingpotentially

drivechildrenfromconsuminghealthfulfruitsandvegetables,theconclusionswere

basedonamisleadinginterpretationofwhatconstitutesa"safe"levelofexposure.

Briefly,theauthorsusedvaluesknownasthe"chronicreferencedoses/1setbytheU.S.

EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,astheirbarometersofsafety.Usedappropriately,

theselevelsrepresentthemaximumamountofpesticidethatcouldbeconsumeddailyfor

lifewithoutconcern.Fora70-yearlifetime,forexample,consumerswouldhavetoingest

thisaverageamountofpesticideeverydayformorethan25,000days.Itisclear,asthe

reportpointsout,thattherearedaysonwhichkidsmaybeexposedtomore;itisalso

clearthattherearemanymoredayswhenexposureiszero.Hadtheauthorsmore

appropriatelycalculatedthecumulativeexposuresforwhichthesafetystandardsare

meanttoapply,therewouldhavebeennorisksandnowarnings.Parentsshouldfeel

proud,ratherthanguilty,ofprovidingfruitsandvegetablesfortheirchildren.Itiswell

establishedthatadietrichinsuc