专题43 9BU3-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）

9BU3-2023年牛津译林版初中英语单元知识点一遍过（江苏专用）过单词短语过单词短语1.ordervt.命令，点菜ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事n.命令receiveanordertodosth.收到做某事的命令n.订单（可数）n.顺序keep....inorder使……保持井然有序短语：inordertodo为了做某事inorder+that从句为了……smoothlyadv.平整地，顺利地变形：smoothersmoothingeneral总得来说，大体上=generallyspeaking一般放在开头：Ingeneral,youhavemademuchprogress.satisfyvt.使满意，满足短语：satisfyone’sneeds满足……的需求sth.satisfysb.某物使某人满意变形：satisfiedadj.感到满意的besatisfiedwith对……感到满意的satisfyingadj.令人满意的properlyadv.正确地，适当地变形：properadj.恰当的，合适的improperadj.不恰当的completevt.完成adj.完全的，彻底的变形：incomplete不完全的completelyadv.完全地，彻底地messn.乱七八糟beinamess处于混乱之中makeamess制造混乱layvt.放置（注意常考被动）lay-laid-laid辨析：lie（躺）-lay-lainlie(说谎)-lied-lied短语：laysth.+sp.把某物放置在某地sth.belaid+sp.某物被放置在某地papern.文件，证明（可数）spreadn.扩散vi.&vt.（消息，病毒）扩散（一般不用被动）铺开，散开（有被动）spread-spread-spreadThecoinwasspreadeverywhere.unsureadj.不确定的beunsureof+名词短语forgetfuladj.健忘的customern.顾客passengern.乘客put....through给某人接通电话（注意被动）IwillputyouthroughtoObama.15.firstofall首先aboveall首要的是afterall毕竟inall总计16.uptostandard达到标准worktohighstandards根据高标准工作二．句型知识点1.Iamcomplainingaboutyoutotherobotshop.(P36)1)complain是不及物动词，意为“投诉，抱怨”complain__about_sb/sth抱怨某事complain_to__sb…向某人抱怨……2)complaint名词常用短语：complaintletter投诉信haveacomplaintagainst…对……有怨言【例题精讲】我们经常向别人抱怨我们的作业。Wearealwayscomplainingtoothersaboutourhomework.知识点2.However,robotsmighthaveproblems.(P37)haveproblems有问题拓展：___haveproblemsdoingsth___做某事有困难（注意单复数）problem的常用搭配：noproblem“没问题”知识点3.Couldrobotshelpyouandmeinanyway?(P37)inanyway在任何方面与way有关的其他短语：1._____________从某种意义上说2._____________在某些方面3.______________挡路4._______________用这种方式5.______________去……的路上6._______________顺便说一下【答案】inawayinsomewaysinthewayinthiswayonone’swaytobytheway知识点4.Iwouldliketohaveone.(P37)代词it,one,that辨析：(1)it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物；而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如：MyfatherboughtmeapenandIlikeitverymuch.我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(it替代thepen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)(2)one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的theone相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”。如：ThepopulationofScotlandwaseighttimesaslargeasthatofCornwall.苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词thepopulation，不能用theone）知识点5.Heisalwaystoobusytohaveanytimetorelax.(P38)【固定搭配】1）bebusywithsth忙于某事2）bebusydoingsth忙于做某事知识点6.TherobotmadeMr.Jiang’slifemucheasier.makesbdosthOurteachersalwaysmakeusdomuchhomework.知识点7.ThatallowedMr.Jiangtodowhateverheliked.allow“允许”；“准许”，常用于allowsb.todosth.e.g:Theteacherallowedhimtogointotheclassroom.allowdoingsth.e.g:Wedon’tallowsmokinginpublic.beallowedtodosth.e.g:Passengersarenotallowedtosmoke.知识点8.ItseemedthatingeneraltherobotsatisfiedMr.Jiang’sneeds.1)satisfysb.使某人满意besatisfiedwith对…满意=behappy/pleasedwithsatisfyone’sneeds满足某人的需求=meetone’sneedsIamnotsatisfiedwithyourjob.2)seemv.似乎，好像(1)seem+adj.Sheseems(tobe)sad.(2)seem+todosth感到好像...觉得似乎...Iseemtohaveacold.(3)Itseems+that从句Itseemsthattherewillbeastormsoon.知识点9.SometimesitwokeMrJiangatfouro’clockinthemorning.sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes1)sometimes的意思是“有时”，是副词。例如：Sometimeshecomesbybikeandsometimesbybus.他有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽车来。2）sometime也是副词，意思是“在某个时候”。可用于一般过去时与将来时。例如：YoucanhandinyourhomeworksometimebeforeFriday.你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。3）sometime是名词短语，它的意思是“一段时间”。例如：I'llbeawayforsometime.我将离开一段时间。4）sometimes也是一个名词短语，time在这里用作可数名词，意思是“次数”。sometimes的意思是“几次”。例如：IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.我去过长城几次。知识点10.Mr.Jiangdidn’tknowwhattodowithit.dowith处理（dealwith）whattodowith=howtodealwithIdon’tknowwhattodowithmymath.Grammar1.Iconsidertherobotagreathelpinmydailylife.我认为这个机器人在我的日常生活中有很大的帮助。(P42)consider：（1）“考虑”：+名词，代词，动名词/从句considerdoingsth.考虑做某事例句:WouldyouconsiderworkingintheU.S.A?你考虑在美国工作吗？（2）“认为”：consider…as…把……看做例句：Hewasconsideredasawiseman.他被认为是个智者。2.Myrobotwillremindyoutotakethemattherighttime.我的机器人会提醒你在恰当的时间吃药。(P43)remind：及物动词“提醒；使想起”remindsb.todosth:提醒某人做某事例句：Pleaseremindhertoreturnthebook.请提醒她还书。remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某物例句：Thatremindsmeofanoldfriend.那使我想起了我的一个老朋友。Integratedskills&Studyskills&Task&Self-assessmentregret:vi&vt后悔；遗憾(regretted,regretted,regretting)(P48)用作及物动词时，后接名词，代词，动名词或that/wh-从句作宾语例句1：Iregretsellingthehouse.我后悔卖了房子。例句2：Iregrettosaythatwecannotstayhere.我很抱歉，我们不能呆在这儿。注意区分：regretdoingsth:“后悔做了某事（已做）”例句：Iregrettakinghisadviceatthattime.我后悔当初接受了他的意见regrettodosth:“对要做的事遗憾（未做）”例句：Iregrettosayyoufailedintheexam.我遗憾的说你考试不及格。1.Cometotherobotshowon14MarchandreceiveacopyofRobotMagazineforfree!(P45)3月14日那天来机器人展览会，就能免费获得一本《机器人》杂志。copy：可数名词，acopyof:一份……例句：Hewasreadingacopyofthedailynewspaper.他正在看一份日报。动词：复制，抄写，模仿例句：Iwantyoutocopycarefullyfromthismodel.我要你按这个模型仔细仿造一个。2.Wouldyoulikeustohaveitchecked?你想要我们请人把它检查一下吗？(P46)haveitdone:“叫人（请人）做某事”=asksb.todosth.例句：Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.昨天我让人给我理发了。havesbdosth=letsbdosth.=makesbdosth:“让（使）某人做某事”例句：Don’tforgettohavehimcome.别忘了让他来。3.Itisapitythattherobotnevergoestoseeafilmwithhim.真遗憾机器人从不跟他一起去看电影。(P47)take/havepityon:同情、怜悯……例句：Theoldladyoftentakespityonsmallanimals.那位老太太常常怜悯小动物。Itisapity…../whatapity:真遗憾……例句：Itisapitythathefailedintheexams.真遗憾他没通过考试。4.Thequalityofthisrobotisnotuptostandardeither.这个机器人的质量也不达标准。(P48)either:用于否定句，且在句末。also：用于肯定句，通常位于be动词，助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。too：用于肯定句，比also更通俗，可以和also，aswell互换，在句末。aswell:口语用的较多，=too，可互换，在句末。过语法过语法 一、宾语从句改为简单句的方法1.宾语从句可改为动词不定式

当句子的谓语动词是hope,

decide,

wish,

choose,

agree,

promise（答应，许诺）等，其后由that引导宾语从句，并且从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。如：

(1).

I

hope

that

I

will

go

to

college

one

day.

转换为：I

hope

to

go

to

college

one

day.

我希望有一天能上大学。

(2).

They

agreed

that

they

would

help

me

with

my

maths.

转换为：They

agreed

to

help

me

with

my

maths

他们同意帮助我（学习）数学。.

2.当句子的谓语动词是know,

learn,

remember,

forget,

tell等词，后面接由疑问代词what，或接由how,

where,

when,

why等疑问副词引导的宾语从句，并且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，可将宾语从句转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：

(1).

Kate

didn’t

know

what

she

should

do.

转换为：Kate

did’t

know

what

to

do.

凯特不知道该做什么。

(2).

I

have

forgotten

how

I

can

use

this

word.

转换为：I

have

forgotten

how

to

use

this

word.

我忘了怎么样用这个词。

3.当主句的谓语动词是ask,

show,

tell,

teach等，后跟双宾语，并且从句的主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可转化为“疑问词+不定式”。如：

(1).

Could

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

park?

转换为：Could

you

tell

me

how

to

get

to

the

park?

你能告诉我怎样去公园吗？

(2).

Please

tell

me

where

I

can

find

him.

转换为：Please

tell

me

where

to

find

him.

请告诉我在哪里能找到他。注意：

疑问词why不能和动词不定式连用。4.宾语从句可转化为“it

+形容词作宾补+不定式短语”结构。如：

(1).

I

think

that

it

is

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.(that可省略)

转换为：I

think

it

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.

我认为今天是不可能完成这项工作的。

(2).

I

found

that

it

is

important

to

learn

English.

(that可省略)

转换为：I

found

it

important

to

learn

English.

我发现学习英语很重要。

5.讲宾语从句转化为“名词或动名词短语”。如：

(1).

I

will

take

back

what

I

said.

转换为：I

will

take

back

my

words.

我将收回我所说的话。

.

Can

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

station?

转换为：Can

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

station?

状语从句改为简单句的方法1、用“too…to…”结构可以将含有so…that引导的结果语从句(否定)的复合句转成简单句。如：1）Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.→Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.2.）ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan’tanswerit.→Thequestionistoodifficultformetoanswer.2、用“…enough+不定式”结构可以将含有so…that…引导的结果状语从句（肯定）的复合句转变为简单句。例如：1）Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.→Thegirlistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree.2）Thishallissolargethatitcanhold2000people.→Thishallislargeenoughtohold2000people.3）Thetablewassolightthatthelittleboycancarryit.→Thetablewaslightenoughforthelittleboytocarry.3、用“inorder+不定式”或“soas+不定式”结构可以将含有sothat引导的目的状语从句的复合句转换为简单句。如：1）Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesothatshecouldreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlineinordertoreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesoastoreceiveitsoon.2）IwentovermycompositionagainandagainsothatIcouldn’tmakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagaininordernottomakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagainsoasnottomakeanymistakes.4、由because引导的原因状语从句可以改为becauseof构成的介词短语Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.他因病不能来。→Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能来。由when、after、before引导的时间状语从句可以用合适的动名词或介词短语来代替。Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.离开前请关灯。→Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.离开前请关灯。Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。→Hewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。重难点训练重难点训练一、根据汉语意思完成句子1.无论发生什么事，我们都不会放弃Wewill________________________________________________.2.我们学习汉语，也学习英语Welearn_______________________________________________________.3.机器人能给我们的生活带来变化吗？Canrobots_____________________________________________________?4.我后悔没有把事实真相告诉他。Iregret_____________________________________________________________.5.请告诉我如何从那家商店订购机器人。Pleasetellme___________________________________________theshop.【答案】1.nevergiveup;whateverhappens2.EnglishaswellasChinese3.bringanychangestoourlives4.nottelling/havingtoldhimthetruth5.howIcanorderarobotfrom或者howtoorderarobotfrom二、单词拼写1.Stampsareusedfor____________(寄信)theletter.2.____________(不管什么)youdo,don’tmissthischance.3.Ithink____________(探索)undertheseamustbeverydangerous.4.Allthe____________（私人的）thingsshouldbekeptinthelockerbeforeenteringthisroom.5.Thiskindofcomputervirus____________(传播)quicklyandsoonallofthecomputerswentwrong.6.Themanwasbadlyhurtbecausehecouldn’toperatethemachine____________（适当地）.7.Mymotherwasveryangrywhenshesawherroomina___________(杂乱).8.Thecomputerhascaught_________(病毒)anditdoesn’tworknow.9.Ifyourradiodoesn’twork.,you’dbetterchangenew____________(电池).10.Hisrobotcanstandonfoursmall___________(轮子).【答案】posting,Whatever,exploring,private,spread,properly,mess,virus,batteries,wheels三、用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Mr.Jiang’sbusinesssuitneeded_____________(iron)bythehomerobot.2.Daniel’srobothasstoppedworking_______________(complete).3.Someofthecustomersarenot___________(satisfy)withtheserviceofthishotelatall.4.Doctorsarestill_______(sure)whetherthevirusisthecauseofthedisease.5.Mr.Jianghasn’thadhishomerobot_____________(repair)yet.6.IoftenfeellonelybecauseIdon’tknowwho__________(talk)to.7.AppleCorporation’s_______(produce)areverypopularallovertheworld.8.TherobotmadeDaniel__________(get)angryandhedecidedtoreturnittotherobotshop.9.Mygrandmotheris92andhasbecomevery____________(forget)andconfused.10.Allthepackagesshould___________(lay)onthismachineforsecuritycheck.【答案】tobeironed/ironing,completely,satisfied,unsure,repaired,totalk,products,get,forgetful,belaid四、单项填空()1.Heisapersonwholikestocomplain________hiswork_________others．A.to;onB．to;aboutC.about;toD.about;on()2.Todaymyfatherisfeeling______togotowork.A.enoughgoodB.wellenoughC.goodenoughD.enoughwell()3.WhenMr.Jiang________home________work,hisflatwouldbeascleanasnew.A.returnsback;fromB.returnsto;atC.returned;fromD.returnedto;at()4.Mr.Jiangdidn’tknow______todowithhisrobotandIdon’tknow_____todealwithmypet.A.how;howB.what;howC.what;whatD.how;what()5.--Withthehelpofmyrobot,Icansleep________longereverymorning.--Soyourrobothasmadeadifferencetoyourlife.A.abitofB.alittleC.alotofD.more()6.Iboughtarobot________havemorefreetime.A.sothatB.thereforeC.inordertoD.asaresult()7.Sofar,everythinghasbeengoingonthatwedon’tneedtoworry.A.toocompletelyB.socompletely C.toosmoothly D.sosmoothly()8.--So,canyoutellme___________heretoday?(2014黄冈)--Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.A.whatdidyouseeB.whatyousawC.whendidyouseeitD.whenyousaw()9.--Lucy,Idon’tlikemathatall.Whataboutyou?--Oh,Idon’tlikeit_______.A.too B.neither C.either D.also()10.Therobotismade_______allthehousework.A.doB.todoC.doingD.tobedone【答案】CBCBBCDBCB五、阅读理解Robotsareabouttoinvade(侵入)ourlives.Fromperforminghousework,toentertainingandeducatingourchildren,tolookingaftertheelderly,scientistssaywewillsoonbewelcomingtheircreationsintoourhomesandworkplaces.Researchersbelieveweareonthecuspofarobotrevolutionthatwillmirrorthequickgrowthofthecomputerrevolutionfromthe1980s.Theyaredevelopingnewlawsforrobotbehaviour,anddesigningnewwaysforhumansandrobotstointeract(互动)."Ithinkrobotswillchangewhoweare,justaseyeglassesandfirechangedwhowewerebefore,"saysRodneyBrookes,formerdirectoroftheMITComputerScienceandArtificialIntelligenceLaboratory.Someideas,sometechnologiesmaysoundlikesciencefiction,buttheyarefastbecomingsciencefact.Commerciallyavailablerobotsarealreadybeginningtoperformeverydaytaskslikecleaningourfloors.ThelatesttypesfromJapanareabletohelptheelderlytogetoutofbedorgetupafterafall.Theycanalsoremindthemwhentotakemedication,orevenhelpwashtheirhair."Currentrobotsarenothumanlike.Forexampletheyarethingslikeautomatic(自动的)bedsandwheelchairs,"sayscelebratedProfHiroshiIshiguroatOsakaUniversity,Japan.Hebelievesthetimeiscomingwhenrobotsstartlookinglesslikemachines,andmorelikeus."Inthenearfuturewearegoingtousemorehuman-likerobots,Ireallythinkso,"saysProfIshiguro.ProfMajaMataricattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaagrees."I'mveryexcitedaboutthefactthattodaywehavemachinesthatareputtogetherwithpeopleinadailylifesetting,"shesays."Robotscouldbeusedineducation,learning,andhealthcare,wheresocialsupportisimportant,"saysDr.CynthiaBreazeal,directorofthePersonalRobotsGroupattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

54.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.TheChangesofFutureWorldB.TheFunctionsofFutureRobotsC.ReadyfortheRobotRevolution?D.HappyAboutScientificDevelopment?55.Theunderlinedphrase"onthecuspof,"inParagraph2canbereplacedby______.A.endingB.facingC.makingD.changing56.Whichofthefollowingproverbscanbestexpresstheideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Greathopesmakegreatmen.B.Ifwecandreamit,wecandoit.C.Whilethereislife,thereishope.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.57.Whobelievesthatrobotswillbringgreatchangestoourlives?A.RodneyBrookes.B.HiroshiIshiguro.C.MajaMataric.D.CynthiaBreazeal.【答案】54.C55.B56.B57.AItwastheworstdayofmyprofessionallife.Mypublishershutdown,andwehadnoideaifanotherpublisherwouldtakeovermynovel.Inaddition,mysecondnovelhadn’tsoldaswellasthefirstone.ItseemedthatIwaswatchingmycareergoingdownwards.Itwassoterrifying.However,asIsharedmyfearswithmymother,shesaidsomethingIwouldneverforget:“Iwouldloveyouifyouwereagarbageman.”Shewasn’tlookingdownupongarbagemen.Shewasjustsayingthatwhatevermyjobwas,shelovedme.Itwasjustherhonestfeelingatthatmoment,butthosesimplewordsarestilltheonesIusetofightsomanyofmyfearstoday.Tothisday,whenIsitdowntowriteeveryday,Isaythosewordstomyself,“I’dloveyouifyouwereagarbageman.”Icanstillfeeltheselflessnessofmymother’slove.Afewyearsago,mymotherpassedawaybecauseofbreastcancer.Itwasshewhosetmeonthepathofwritingaseriesofchildren’sbookstogivestrengthtomyownchildren.ThefirsttwoareI’mAmeliaEarhartandI’mAbrahamLincoln.Insixmonths,we’llpublishI’mRosaParks.Forme,thisisn’tjustabookseries.It’smydreamformyowndaughter,formysons,andforallofuswhoneedtoseethepowerandpotential(潜力)ineachofus.ThisserieswasbornalsobecauseIwastiredofmydaughterthinkingthatrealityTVstarswereheroes.Itellmykidsallthetime:That’sfame(名气).Fameisdifferentfrombeingahero.Iwantedmykidstoseerealheroeswhoarenodifferentthanthemselves.Forthisreason,eachbooktellsthestoryoftheherowhenhe/shewasakid.Weseethemaschildren.Soit’snotjustAmeliaEarhartand

AbrahamLincolnbeingfamous;it’sthembeingjustlikeus.Lookaround.Weliveinaworldthatdesiresheroes.Oursolutioniswhatmymothertaughtmewithherwords:thepowerofanordinaryperson.Icanproudlyrepeatmymother’swordstomykids.They’llunderstandhowIlovethem.42.Theauthorfeltterrifiedbecause. A.hewasexperiencingadifficulttimeinhiscareer B.hismotherpassedawaybecauseofbreastcancer C.hehadnoideahowtosellhissecondnovel D.hewasgivenajobasagarbageman43.Whatwastheauthor’sunderstandingofhismum’swords? A.Mumwantedhimtobeagarbageman. B.Mumlovedhimnomatterwhathedid. C.Mumwaslookingdownongarbagemen. D.Mumdidn’twanthimtocontinuewritingnovels.44.Whatdoes“themselves”inthefifthparagraphreferto? A.Realheroes. B.Children’sbooks.C.Theauthor’skids. D.RealityTVstars.45.Theauthoristryingtoteachhischildrento. A.respectrealheroes B.behavethemselvesC.beordinarypeople D.realizetheirownpotential【答案】ABCD六、完型填空Simonwasamiddle-agedleatherbusinessman.Healwaysfailedinhiscareer,whichmadehimadepressed(沮丧的)man.Soheoften16thathehadbeencheatedbyothers.Onedayhetoldhiswifehewassodisappointedwiththecitythathehadtoleave.Sohisfamilymovedtoanothercity.Itwastheeveningofaweekend.WhenSimon