专题04 重点语法（知识梳理+专题过关）-2022-2023学年七年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（仁爱版）（原卷版）

专题04重点语法【知识梳理】1.Be动词的用法•

我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。•

含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。•

一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+be；否定回答：No,人称代词+be+not。如：---Theyareteachers.

---Theyarenotteachers.---Aretheyteachers?

---Yes,theyare./

No,theyaren’t.2.不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法(1)不定冠词a,an的用法a/an都表示“一，一个”，a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用•

Wearein

the

sameclass.•

The

girlinapinkskirtisJane.•

Whereis

the

book?•

Thisisn’tmybike.

The

blueoneismine.(3)and的用法•

数字相加看做单数：Twoandthree

is

five.•

颜色相加也是单数:

Blackandwhite

is

gray.•

人和事物相加是复数：LucyandLily

are

sisters.

Thepenandtheeraser

are

Jane’s.3.可数名词单数变复数（1）规则变化①一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car---cars;photo---photos;toy---toys;boy---boys②以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，在词尾加--es，如：box---boxes;bus--buses③以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby--babies;family--families④以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife---knives（2）不规则变化如：foot---feet;man---men;woman---women;snowman---snowmen;（3）集体名词：people,clothes,police,family（4）成双出现的名词：shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears6.一词多义4.

动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式（1）主语是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单一的人；单一的名字；单一的事物），动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则：①一般情况直接加“s”，如：come---comes，meet---meets②动词以o，s，sh，ch,x结尾，加“es”，如：do--does;go--goes;teach--teaches③以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es,如：study--studies,fly--flies,try--tries④特殊情况：have--has（2）句型转换①当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加doesn’t,动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+does；否定回答：No,人称代词+doesn’t.如：Shehassmalleyes.---Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.---Doesshehavesmalleyes?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.②当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句，在动词前加don’t，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes,人称代词+do；否定回答：No，人称代词+don’t.Theyhavesmalleyes.---Theydon’thavesmalleyes.---Dotheyhavesmalleyes?

---Yes,theydo.

/

No,theydon’t.5.表示所属关系（1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词

my

your

his

her

our

their

its名词性物主代词

mine

yours

his

hers

ours

theirs

its•

--Whoseisthispen?Isityours?•

--No,it’snotmine.Mypenisblue.（2）名词所有格①用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后：•

单数或不以s结尾的复数+’s，如：Jane’sbook；Women’sDay•

以s结尾的复数+’如：Teachers’Day•

Lucy’sandLily’sbags分有

LucyandLily’sroom共有ThoseareJane’sshoes.=ThoseshoesareJane’s.②of表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：amapofChina；aphotoofmyfamily6.人称代词的主格与宾格点拨：主格在句子中充当主语，放在动词之前；宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语，放在介词之后构成介宾短语。主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem---Doyouknowthem?---Yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.1.人称代词分为主格和宾格动词/介词+宾格2.人称代词并列用法的排列顺序

1)单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：

第二人称->第三人称->第一人称即：youandI;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/itandI

2)复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：

第一人称->第二人称->第三人称即：weandyou;youandthey;we，youandthey3.人称代词口诀：

人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格动词前做主，动词介词后宾格。you和it主宾同，其他主宾须分清。人称代词并列现，尊重他人礼当先。单数人称二三一，复数人称一二三。若把错误责任担，第一人称我靠前。7.可数名词与不可数名词（1）可数名词：可以用数目来计数的名词，有单数和复数之分。如：banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger等。（2）不可数名词：不能用具体的数目来表示，前面不能加a/an，没有复数形式。如：milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate等。（3）不可数名词若要表示数量，可用：数词+量词+of+不可数名词。如：aglassofmilk一杯牛奶；tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁（4）some/alotof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词many+可数名词的复数much+不可数名词8.时间表达法（1）直接表达:“时+分”，如:4:00fouro’clock;12:05twelveofive；2:30twothirty（2）30分钟以内：用“分+past+时”，表示“几点几分”如：8:15aquarterpasteight;9:30halfpastnine（3）超过30分钟：用“(60-分)+to+(时+1)”表示“差几分到几点”如：3:55fivetofour;5:40twentytosix2.some与any的用法some用于肯定句及希望得到肯定回答的疑问句，any用于否定句和疑问句中。Shewantssomeoranges.Doesshewantanyoranges?Whatabout/Whynothave/Wouldyoulikesomechicken?【专题过关】1．—Whatwouldyoulike________?—Aglassofwater,please.A．toeat B．todo C．todrink2．—________goingtotheForestParkforapicnic?—Great.I’dlike________withyou.A．Howabout；togo B．Whynot；going C．Let’s；togo3．—I’msorry.I’mnewhere.Youcanaskthepoliceforhelp.—__________.A．Notatall B．Thanksallthesame C．Goodbye4．—Excuseme,couldyoutellmeyourQQnumber?

—________.A．Sure B．Sorry C．Goodidea5．—YongHuisupermarketisonsale!Let’sgoshoppingtogether!—Goodidea!Wecan_________moremoney.A．buy B．get C．save6．—Andy,isyourmotherafarmer?—Yes,sheworks________.A．inahospital B．onafarm C．inaschool7．Themanlooks________.Hehasbigarmsandcancarrytheheavybox.A．old B．tall C．strong8．Ifindmylostdog.It’sverykind________youtohelpme!A．to B．in C．of9．—John,theForestZooisopenthisweekendandalltheticketsare___________forkids!—Great!Let’sgo!A．happy B．kind C．free10．YiYangQianXi_______________wellinthemovie“YoungYou”.A．plays B．acts C．teaches11．—_________aretheapples,sir?—Theyare$3akilo.A．Howmuch B．Howmany C．Howheavy12．Couldyoushowmesome________ofyou?Imissyouverymuch!A．toys B．books C．photos13．—Whoteaches___________English?—MissWang.Weallloveherverymuch.A．our B．us C．we14．—Who’s_________manonthesofa,Jane?—Oh,heismyuncle.A．a B．the C．an15．—Couldyouhelpmefindmypetdog?—________A．Goodidea. B．Yes,please. C．Noproblem.16．JamesisanEnglishboy.He________fromtheUK.A．isn’t B．come C．comes17．—Help________tosomefish,BenandJane.—Thankyou.A．yourself B．yourselves C．ourselves18．—________havesomechicken?—Goodidea!A．Wouldyoulike B．Whynot C．Whatabout19．—Mom,mycoatistooold.—OK.Let’s________later.A．gofishing B．goshopping C．goswimming20．—________—It’steno’clock.A．What’sitinBeijing?B．What’sthatinBeijing?C．What’sthetimeinBeijing?21．—________—Somerice,please.A．MayItakeyourorder?B．Whataboutsomethingtodrink?C．Wouldyouliketohavelunchwithme?22．Myuncleworksinahospital.Heisa________.A．doctor B．teacher C．farmer23．—Isthisyourschoolbag,Michael?—No.________ishere.A．My B．Mine C．Yours24．—Whatdoesyourbrotherlooklike?—________A．Helikesbooks. B．Heisadoctor. C．Heistall.25．—Doyouhavea(an)________foryourbreakfast,Kangkang?—Yes,Ihaveoneeverymorning.A．egg B．dumplings C．milk26．—________isyourday?—________.Thegameismyfavorite.A．How;Fine B．What;Sure C．Whose;Nice27．—Jim,couldyoupleasehelpme?—Sure.________?A．What’sup B．Howareyou C．Whattimeisit28．—________yoursisterhaveawidemouth?—No,she________.A．Is;isn’t B．Does;doesn’t C．Do;don’t29．—Canyouhelpme________mymathhomework,MissZhang?—OK.Cometomyofficeafterclass________Fridaymorning.A．todo；in B．do；at C．with；on30．Ihave________breadforbreakfast,butIdon’thave________milk.A．some；any B．any；some C．any；any31．—Howmuch________thebluesocks?—________threedollars.A．is;It’s B．is;Thatis C．are;They’re32．—Whatdoyouwanttoeat?—Two________andsome________.A．apple;chicken B．apples;chicken C．apples;chickens33．—Whattimeisit?—It’sabouthalf________four.A．at B．past C．to34．—Ann,isthis________pencilbox?—No,itisn’t.________isonmydesk.A．your;My B．yours;My C．your;Mine35．—Excuseme,thisskirtistoolongforme.Doyouhavea________one?—Yes.Hereyouare.A．new B．short C．small36．—________—Sheworksinarestaurant.A．Whatdoesyourauntdo?B．Wheredoesyourauntwork?C．Wheredoesyourauntcomefrom?37．—Oh,Ipassthemathexam!—YoushouldthankMr.Leefor________youafterclass.A．helps B．help C．helping38．—It’swindyoutside.Youmaycatchacold.—Don’tworry,mom.I’ll________myjacket.A．tryon B．comeon C．puton39．—Whatdoyouneed,Sir?—________,please.A．Threekiloofbeef B．Threekilosofbeefs C．Threekilosofbeef40．—Jenny,couldyou________mesomethingaboutChina?—Sure.A．tell B．speak C．say41．—Whatwouldyoulike,Sir?—Some________

juice,please.A．orange B．apples C．milk42．一Howold________yourcousinsisters?一JaneisnineandJennyisfive.A．are B．am C．is43．—ThisyellowT-shirtisverynice.—Youcanbuyit.Youlooksonice________yellow.A．in B．on C．at44．Thegirlcantellushertelephonenumber________English.A．at B．in C．on45．—Whatdoesthelittlegirllooklike?—________A．Shelookshappy. B．Shelikessinging. C．Sheistallwithlonghair.46．—Whoistheyoungwomaninareddress?—Oh,she’s________mother.A．Lucy’sandLily’s B．LucyandLily C．LucyandLily’s47．—________isyourfavoritebook?—It’sTheLittlePrince.(《小王子》)A．Where B．What C．How48．—DoesJanehaveanewiPad?—Sorry