广东省2024-2025学年高三英语第一学期期末复习卷（含解析）

期末复习之2024-2025学年广东高三英语第一学期期末复习卷本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATeacherscannowregistertheirclassroomsforastudent-ledglobalprojectaimedatempoweringteenagerstodesigntheirownstrategiestotackleplasticpollution.OverviewTheproject’sname,createdbyanenvironmentalexplorerandprojectfounder,symbolizesthesystematicreductionofdisposable(用后即丢弃的)plasticsthroughchangingnormsandbehaviorstoaddresstherootcausesofpollution.Thegoalistoreach25countrieswithinthreeyears.TheEnglishversionlaunchedin2023hasalreadyattractedover65schoolsfrom23countries.TimelineTheprojectwillofficiallyopenforregistrationtoEnglish-speakingstudentsthissummer.Classroomsparticipatingintheprojectwillbeledbyteachersandsupportedbytheprojectteaminathree-monthperiod.Duringthetime,studentteamswilldesignpracticalstrategiestoaddressplasticpollutionintheircommunities.Studentswillalsohavetheopportunitytoshowcasetheirsolutionsandinteractwithlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworldatafestivalinFloridanextNovember,eitherinpersonorvirtually.DetailsInterestedteachersandschooladministratorscanregistertheirclassroomsfortheEnglishversionoftheprojectbyvisitingtherelevantwebsite.Theprojectusesaproject-basedlearningapproachandtargetsstudentsaged15-16,aimingtomakeyoungpeoplethemaindriversoftheirlearning.Byempoweringyoungpeopletodesignandimplementtheirownsolutions,theprojecthopestohelpthenextgenerationoflocalandglobalcommunitybecomeinnovators.Overthenexttwoyears,theprojectwillnetworkwithteachersworldwideandoffertheprojectforfreetointernationalschoolsinbothSpanishandEnglish.RegistrationDeadlineTheregistrationdeadlineisnextFebruary.Formoreinformation,pleasevisitourwebsite.1．Whatdoestheproject’stitlerepresentaccordingtothetext?A．Theriseofplasticrecyclingcenters.B．Thegrowth,intheplastioindustry.C．Theinventionofnewplasticproducts.D．Theorganizeddecreaseofsingle-useplastics.2．Whenandwherewillstudentshavethechancetopresenttheirsolutions?A．NextFebruaryonline. B．NextDecemberinTexas.C．NextNovemberinFlorida. D．NextsummerinNewYorkCity.3．Whatisthetext?A．Anannouncement. B．Apromotionalad.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Anewsarticle.BWeallknowcacti(仙人掌)storewater—buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionstogainmoresunlightorshade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants’methodstohelpengineerourfuture.OneofthemostexcitingadvancementsinvolvesCopiapoa,agenusofcactiwithatleast32speciesfoundinthecoastalAtacamaDesert,thedriestnonpolardesertonEarth.Thesecacti,typicallyfivetosixincheswide,canformgray-greenbushesthatspreadoutoveranareaotherwiseemptyofvegetation.Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby“drinking”thesaltyfogthatsweepsinfromtheseaeverymorning,aswellasthedew—tinybitsofwater—thatformsontheirspines(尖刺)andskin.ThishasinspiredresearcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-colletingprocessmightbereproducedinmetalstructures.Specifically,Maliktookacloselookattheone-and-a-quarter-inchspinesofCopiapoasandfoundthattheirsurfacehasaseriesoftinychannelsthatbroadenatthebase.“Thiscreatesasurfaceroughnessthatenablesdewdropstomovealongthemevenagainstgravity,”shesays.Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetalreproductionofthestemsandspinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidities.Afterseveralyearsofexperiments—testingindoorandoutdoorconditions,andwithvariouscoolingmethods—shefinallygotittowork.In2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmoreefficientatharvestingdewthanaflatsheetusedasabaseline.Malikimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindryregions.“Theeasiestwaycouldbetoplacedew-harvestingsurfacesonroofs,butyoucouldalsohavethesestructuresintentsinthedesert,”shesays.“WetrulyhavehiddentreasuresintheCopiapoa,andweareonlyjustlearningsomeoftheirsecrets.”4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resilient”meaninparagraph1?A．Highlyadaptabletodifferentsoils. B．AbletogrowquicklyandefficientlyC．Resistanttodiseasesandharmfulinsects. D．Capableofsurvivingdifficultconditions5．WhatdroveTegwenMaliktostudyCopiapoas?A．Theirmetal-likesurface. B．Theirmechanismtogatherwater.C．Theirtypicalappearance D．Theirabilitytoformwaterdrops.6．WhatwasthemainfocusofMalik’sexperimentwiththeCopiapoa?A．Recreatingaflatmetalcopyofit B．TestingifitsmetalcopywouldworkC．Seeinghowitsurvivesvariousclimates. D．Findingthemostefficientcoolingmethodforit.7．HowmayMalik’smetalstructurebeapplied?A．Tosecurewatersupplyindryareas. B．Tocleansaltywaterindeserthomes.C．Toenabledesertexplorerstotravellight. D．Toimprovewaystodiscoverhiddentreasures.CScientistshavelongbeenstudyingthebrainwithagoalofaidinghealthieraging.Whilemuchisknownaboutriskfactorsinspeedingupbrainaging,lesshasbeenuncoveredtoidentifywaystoreducecognitive(认知的)decline.Thereisevidencethatnutritionmatters,andanewstudyshowsspecificnutrients(营养物质)mayplayavitalroleinthehealthyagingofthebrain.TheteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofIllinois,ledbyAronBarbey,enrolled100volunteersagedbetween65and75,lookingforconnectionsbetweencertaindietsandslowerbrainaging.Theseparticipantscompletedaquestionnairewithmeasuresofphysicalfitness.Bloodsamplewascollectedtoanalyzethenutrientbiologicalmarkers:amorescientificevidenceforwhattheseelderlyindividualswereeatinganddrinking.Participantsalsounderwentcognitiveassessmentsandbrainimaging.Analysisofthislargesetofmeasuresrevealedtwotypesofbrainagingamongtheparticipants-accelerated(加速的)andslower-than-expected.Thosewithslowerbrainaginghaddistinctnutrientbiologicalmarkers.ItwasassociatedwithnutrientintakesimilartowhatyouwouldgetfromtheMediterraneandiet,whichemphasizesplant-basedfoods,healthyfats,andminimallyprocessedingredients,offeringnumeroushealthbenefits.Barbeynotedthatpreviousresearchonnutritionandbrainaginghasmostlyreliedonfoodfrequencyquestionnaires,whicharedependentonparticipants’ownrecall.Thisstudyisoneofthefirstandthelargesttocombinebrainimaging,bloodbiologicalmarkersandcognitiveassessments.“Thisallowsustobuildarobustunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenthesefactors.Wemovebeyondsimplymeasuringcognitiveperformancewithtraditionalpsychologicaltests,”Barbeysays.Theresearcherswillcontinuetoexplorethenutrientbiologicalmarkersinvestigatedinthisstudyasitrelatestohealthybrainaging.Barbeysaidit’spossible,inthefuture,thatthefindingswillaidindevelopingtherapiesandinterventionstopromotebrainhealth.It’spossiblethatsimpleadjuststowhatweeatcouldhelpcutdowntheriskofdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.8．Whatisthemainfocusofthenewstudy?A．Thebiologicalprocessofbrainaging. B．Theriskfactorsinstimulatingbrainaging.C．Theimpactofhealthybrainagingonthesenior. D．Thepotentialeffectofnutrientsonbrainaging.9．Howdidthescientistsanalyzetheparticipants’nutrientintake?A．Bytestingtheirbloodsamples. B．Bytakingcognitiveassessments.C．Bytrackingtheirdietaryhabits. D．Bydoingpsychologicaltests.10．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“robust”inparagraph5?A．Abstract. B．Solid. C．Rough. D．Variable.11．Whatisexpectedofthefutureresearch?A．ItwillprovidevaluableinsightsintotheMediterraneandiet.B．Itwilldevelopanewassessmentstandardforbrainhealth.C．Itwillrecommendafiber-richdiettopromotehealthierbrainaging.D．Itwillcontributetopreventingandtreatingcertainbraindiseases.DYourphonehasascreenthatdisplaysimagesandvideos.Thescreenusestinydotsknownaspixels(像素)thatconsistofthreeprimarycolors:red,greenandblue.Bymixingthesecolorsindifferentways,yourphonecanshowyoueverythingfrombeautifulbeachscenestocutepuppies.Nowimaginesomethingsimilarforsmells.Scientistsaredevelopingdigitalscenttechnologythatusesasmallnumberofdifferentcartridges(暗盒),eachcontainingaspecificscent.Justlikehowpixelsmixthethreebasiccolorstocreateimages,thesescentcartridgescouldmixtocreatedifferentsmells.Justasimagesonyourphonearemadeofdigitalcodesthatrepresentcombinationsofpixels,smellsproducedbyafuturephonecouldbecreatedthroughdigitalcodes.Eachsmellcouldhaveaspecificrecipemadeupofdifferentamountsoftheingredientsinthecartridges.Whenyoureceiveadigitalscentcode,yourphonecouldmixtinyamountsofthedifferentscentsfromthecartridgestocreatethedesiredsmell.Thismixwouldthenbereleasedthroughasmallventonthephone,allowingyoutosmellit.Withjustafewcartridges,yourphonecouldpotentiallycreateahugevarietyofsmells,muchlikehowred,greenandbluepixelscancreatecountlesscolors.Creatingaphonethatcanproducesmellsinvolvesseveralchallenges.Oneisdesigningasystemthatcanproducethousandsofdifferentsmellsusingonlyafewcartridges.Anotherishowtocontrolhowstrongascentshouldbeandhowlongaphoneshouldsenditout.Andphoneswillalsoneedtosenseodorsnearthemandconvertthosetodigitalcodessoyourfriends’phonescansendsmellstoyou.Thecartridgesshouldalsobeeasytorefill,andthechemicalsinthemshouldbesafetobreathe.Thesehurdlesmakeitatrickybutexcitingareaofresearch.12．Whatenablesaphonescreentopresentdiversevisualcontents?A．Specialsensorsdetectingcolors.B．Auniquewayforcolorreflection.C．Advancedsoftwareforimagegeneration.D．Pixelsofthreeprimarycolorsincombination.13．Whatcanwelearnaboutdigitalscent?A．Itiscreatedbyusingcartridges.B．It’safully-developedtechnology.C．Itcomesfromthesamecartridges.D．Itisrelatedtoimagesonmobilephones.14．Whatisoneofthetroublesscientistsfacewhendevelopingdigitalscenttechnology?A．Creatingnewscentsthatdon’texistinnature.B．Regulatingtheintensityanddurationofscents.C．Combiningallprimarycolorstoproduceonesmell.D．Findingawaytoemitscentsthatlastforalongtime.15．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TechnologythatcancombinecolorstocreateimagesB．ChallengesfacedbydigitalscenttechnologyC．ThedevelopmentandpotentialofdigitalscenttechnologyD．Thehistoryandfutureofcomplexphonetechnology第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoneuroscientistShirleyMueller,collectingfeedsthepleasurecenterofthebrain,butwithoutthedrawbacksofalcohol,gambling,ornicotine.16Morethan100,000yearsago,ourancestorssearchedforcrystals,shells,andotherobjectsjustasseekingforfood.Inmoderntimes,whilesomepeoplecollectasastatementofwhotheyare,otherscollectasaninvestmentorasourceofpleasure.“Whilethemotivationstocollectarevaried,17”saysBrandonSchmeichel,acomicbookcollectorandapsychologyprofessor.Thatdistinguishescollectingfromstoringup.Intermsofit,stuffisobtainedindiscriminately(不加区分地).Insteadofcreatingasenseofself-worth,thebehaviortypicallymakesthosewhoareaccustomedtoitfeelbadaboutthemselves.“18Youhavetofigureoutwhereyoucanfindthedesireditems,whatthey’reworth,andhowyouwillorganizeanddisplayyourcollections,”Muellersays.“Thoseactivitiesstimulateareasofthebraininvolvedinexecutivefunctioning,skillsthatincludeworkingmemory,multitasking,andimpulse-control.”Onaphysiologicallevel,researchshowsthattangibleobjectshaveuniqueeffectsonbrainfunctions.Visualizingobjectsstimulatesmanyareasofthebrainatthesametime.Eachobjectisassociatedwithaperson,experience,ormomentintime.Inthatway,collectionsactasaphysicaltimemachine.19“Thissortofcollectingfacilitatesone’srecallaboutthepast,”Schmeichelsays.

Collectingalsoseemstohitfundamentalpsychologicalneeds.“Collectorsoftenreportthatthefriendshipofothercollectorsisoneofthemostrewardingaspectsofcollecting,”SchmeichelreportsinLeisureSciences.Interactingwithsellers,othercollectors,orevenadmirersofyourcollectioncanalsoserveasafoundationforrelationship-building.20A．Everyitemisasignalforyourmemory.B．Collectingrequiresattainingknowledge.C．theytypicallycenterarounddevelopingamorepositivesenseofself.D．Ofcourse,collectingisnotanewphenomenon.E．Italsofunctionsasawaythatactuallydoesn’tcostmuch.F．Itcancultivatebothasenseofbelongingandindividuality.G．collectingcanstimulatepeopletoconcentrateontheirmind.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AsagraduatestudentinChicago,Andriawasgiventhemuchexhaustingjobofcollectingsurveydataaspartofanacademicresearchproject.Eachtimesheapproachedapasser-by,shethoughtshewouldbetoldhowannoyedtheywere.Yetthebadresponses21came.Manymorepeoplewere22toanswerthequestionnairesthanshehad23.Wasitpossible,shewondered,thatmostofusarewrongaboutwhetherpeoplewanttorespondtoourrequests?Overthefollowingdecade,sheconductedmultiplestudiesthat24thiswasindeedthecase:undermanycircumstances,peopleareoftenmorelikelyto25thanweassume.26,itseemedthattheresultsprovidedarefreshingly27viewofhumannature.

“Itis28toknowthatpeoplearemorelikelytodothingsforyouthanexpected.”However,withtimegoingbyandmorereflectionsontheresults,Andriahascometo29thatherresultsreflectabroadertendencythatweusually30howmuchinfluenceourwordscanhaveonothers,whetherwe’reaskingthemto31goodorbadactions.Peopleoftenagreetodowhattheyareaskedbecausetheyfindittoo32tosayno,evensometimesfeelinguncomfortablewithour33.Knowingthiscanhelpusunderstandhowourdemandsmight34otherpeopleparticularlyintheworkplace,helpingusadjustourneedsaccordinglyinwaysthatrespectpeople’s35andwithouttakingwhattheyhavedoneforusforgranted.21．A．frequently B．eventually C．rarely D．tentatively22．A．reluctant B．ready C．accessible D．hesitant23．A．recognized B．transferred C．committed D．anticipated24．A．madefor B．markedout C．madeout D．madesure25．A．ignore B．cooperate C．reject D．complain26．A．Onthesurface B．Onthewhole C．Onthecontrary D．Onthego27．A．neutral B．critical C．negative D．optimistic28．A．ridiculous B．awesome C．discouraging D．influential29．A．deny B．doubt C．appreciate D．subscribe30．A．undervalue B．overstate C．mislead D．correlate31．A．imitate B．perceive C．measure D．perform32．A．awkward B．deliberate C．tricky D．amused33．A．recommendationsB．requests C．quests D．announcements34．A．distinguish B．impress C．emerge D．impact35．A．defense B．assumptions C．boundaries D．confusion第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheSmithsonian’sNationalZooandConservationBiologyInstituteinWashington,D．C．,announcedMondaythatzookeepersareexpectingthe36(arrive)oftwogiantpandasfromChinathisweek.Thepandas,onemaleandonefemale,whoare37(respective)namedBaoLiandQingBoa,

38(expect)toarriveonTuesday.Bornonemonthapartin2021,they’vebeendescribedbypriorcaregiversaslively3-year-oldswhoenjoyclimbing.BaoLiisadescendantofBaoBao,borninD．C．in2013and39(live)therethrough2017.AllgiantpandasbornattheNationalZooreturntoChinaat4yearsoldaspartofabreedingprogramthathelpsprotectthelongevityofthespecies,40iscurrentlythoughtofas“vulnerable”bytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.41(prepare)fortheofficialtransferofthetwogiantpandas,ChineseexpertsmadeseveraltripstoD．C．toensurethattheirsafetyandwell-beingwouldbeprovidedfor,accordingtotheXinhuaNewsAgency.ExpertsdeterminedthattheNationalZoo’slivingspaces,foodsources,breedingprogramandhealthmonitoringweresufficient,42statementsaid.OnMondayevening,theirjourneybegan43privatetransportfromtheChinaGiantPandaConservationResearchCentertoChengduShuangliuInternationalAirport,wheretheystartedpreparingfortheir“specialflight”totheirnewhome,accordingtoXinhua.ThehighlyanticipatedadditionofBaoLiandQingBoafollowsthe44(moment)comingofYunChaunandXinBaototheSanDiegoZooinJune,whichwasthefirsttimepandas45(enter)theU.S.in21years,afteraperiodofdiplomaticstrainwithChina.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是学校科学社团负责人李华，下月社团将举行“科技融入梦想”(IntegrationofTechnologyintoDreams)科学节活动。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件，请他就活动方案提出意见，内容包括：(1)介绍方案；(2)征询意见。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。DearChris,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iusedtobelievethathomelesspeoplecouldonlyreceivebutnotgive.However,achanceencounterwithagirlatasoupkitchen(救济站)oneeveningcompletelychangedmyperspective.Thatevening,IwasvolunteeringwithmyschoolatAndreHouse,asoupkitchenwevisitabouttwiceamonthtohelppreparemealsforthoseinneed.Iparticularlyenjoybeinginvolvedinfoodpreparationandservingonthelinebecauseitallowsustobuildconnectionswiththoseweareserving.Whilethepeopleweencounteratthesoupkitchencomefromdiversebackgroundsandcircumstances,thesharedexpressionofgratitude,oftenintheformof“Thankyouforyourservice”,makestheexperiencealotmoremeaningful.Onthisparticularnight,therewasanunusuallyhighnumberofpeopleatAndreHouse.Wewerekeptbusyworking,concernedthattheremightnotbeenoughfoodforsomanypeople.Fortunately,wheneveryonehadbeenserved,therewasstilloneportion(份)offoodleft.Justthen,atthatlatehour,agirlappearedinthesoupkitchenandaskedforfood.“You’relucky.You’rethelastpersonwhocangetfoodherethisevening,”Isaid.“Thankyou,”theshygirlwhisperedasIhandedherthefood.Inoticedthatshewasaroundmyageandcouldn’thelpbutwonderwhatkindoftroubleshehadgonethroughtoenduphere.SeeinghermademerealizehowfortunateIwastohavearoofovermyhead,amealtoeateverydayandacomfortablebedtosleepinafteralongday.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Unfortunately,atthatmoment,anoldwomanhurriedin.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Waitaminute,Granny!”thegirlIhadjustservedsaidassheranoutwithherfood.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．D2．C3．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个由学生主导的全球项目，该项目旨在鼓励学生设计自己的策略来解决塑料污染问题。1．细节理解题。根据文章“Overview”部分中的“Theproject’sname,createdbyanenvironmentalexplorerandprojectfounder,symbolizesthesystematicreductionofdisposable(用后即丢弃的)plasticsthroughchangingnormsandbehaviorstoaddresstherootcausesofpollution.(这个由一位环保探险家兼项目创始人所创立的项目，其名称象征着通过改变规范和行为来从根源上解决污染问题，从而系统性地减少一次性塑料制品的使用。)”可知，项目名称象征着通过改变规范和行为来系统性地减少一次性塑料制品，也就是意味着有组织地减少一次性塑料制品的使用。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据文章“Timeline”中的“Studentswillalsohavetheopportunitytoshowcasetheirsolutionsandinteractwithlike-mindedpeersfromaroundtheworldatafestivalinFloridanextNovember,eitherinpersonorvirtually.(学生们还将有机会在明年11月于佛罗里达州举办的一场活动中展示他们的解决方案，并与来自世界各地志同道合的同龄人进行面对面或线上的交流互动。)”可知，学生们将有机会在明年11月于佛罗里达州举办的一场活动中展示他们的解决方案，并能与世界各地志同道合的同龄人进行互动，既可以线下参与也可以线上参与。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要围绕一个学生主导的全球项目展开，先是介绍了项目概况，包括其名称寓意、目标等，接着说明了项目的时间安排、具体详情以及注册截止日期等关键信息，整体是在向教师等相关群体告知该项目的具体情况以及相关要求，目的在于传达项目相关消息，符合公告（announcement）的特点，用于发布一些需要让特定对象知晓的事项内容。故选A。4．D5．B6．B7．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家受仙人掌启发，研发出了可以在干旱地区收集露水的金属结构，为干燥地区提供清洁水源。4．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Weallknowcacti(仙人掌)storewater-buttosurive,theyalsoadjusttheirflowerpositionstogainmoresunlightorshade,andsomuchmore.Scientistshavebeencopyingtheresilientplants’methodstohelpengineerourfuture.(我们都知道仙人掌能储存水分，但为了生存，它们还会调整花朵的位置以获得更多阳光或阴凉，诸如此类还有很多。科学家们一直在模仿这些resilient的植物的方法，以帮助设计我们的未来)”可知，划线词修饰的plants指代Weallknowcacti(仙人掌)，这种植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存下来，所以推断resilient的意思是“能在困难环境中生存下来的”。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据第三段“Documentedbymanyscientists,Copiapoasprobablysurviveby“drinking”thesaltyfogthatsweepsinfromtheseaeverymorning,aswellasthedew—tinybitsofwater—thatformsontheirspines(尖刺)andskin.ThishasinspiredresearcherTegwenMalikfromSwanseaUniversitytothinkaboutwhetherthedew-collectingprocessmightbereproducedinmetalstructures.(许多科学家记录到，Copiapoas可能通过“饮用”每天早晨从海上席卷而来的咸雾，以及在其尖刺和皮肤上形成的露水——微小的水滴——来生存。这启发了来自斯旺西大学的研究者TegwenMalik思考露水收集过程是否可以在金属结构中重现)”可知，是仙人掌收集水分的机制启发了TegwenMalik去研究它。故选B。6．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Startingin2013,shesetouttore-createthatstructurebyengineeringaflatmetalreproductionofthestemsandspinesoftheCopiapoa,whichshebegantestingunderaseriesofdifferenttemperaturesandhumidities.(从2013年开始，她开始通过制作Copiapoa茎和刺的平面金属复制品来重现这种结构，并在一系列不同的温度和湿度下开始测试)”以及“In2023,Malikpublishedastudyshowingthattheirregularsurfacewas8percentmoreefficientatharvestingdewthanaflatsheetusedasabaseline.(2023年，Malik发表了一项研究，研究表明，这种不规则表面收集露水的效率比用作基准的平面高8%)”可知，Malik关于Copiapoa的实验重点是测试它的金属复制品是否有效。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Malikimaginesdeserthomeswithwater-collectingfeaturestoprovidecleanwaterindryregions.(Malik设想沙漠中的房屋有集水功能，为干旱地区提供清洁水源)”可知，Malik的金属结构可能被应用于确保干旱地区的水供应。故选A。8．D9．A10．B11．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于营养物质和大脑健康之间的关系的研究，解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Thereisevidencethatnutritionmatters,andanewstudyshowsspecificnutrients(营养物质)mayplayavitalroleinthehealthyagingofthebrain.(有证据表明营养很重要，一项新的研究表明，特定的营养物质可能在大脑的健康衰老中起着至关重要的作用。)”可知，这项新研究的主要焦点是营养物质对大脑衰老的潜在影响。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Bloodsamplewascollectedtoanalyzethenutrientbiologicalmarkers:amorescientificevidenceforwhattheseelderlyindividualswereeatinganddrinking.(采集血液样本来分析营养生物标志物：这是这些老年人饮食的更科学的证据。)”可知，科学家通过测试血液样本分析参与者的营养摄入量。故选A。10．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Wemovebeyondsimplymeasuringcognitiveperformancewithtraditionalpsychologicaltests(我们超越了简单地用传统的心理测试来衡量认知表现)”可知，Barbey提到他们超越了简单地用传统的心理测试来衡量认知表现，说明这项研究让他们对这些因素之间的关系建立一个可靠、坚实的理解。故划线词意思是“可靠的、坚实的”，故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’spossiblethatsimpleadjuststowhatweeatcouldhelpcutdowntheriskofdiseaseslikeAlzheimer’s.(简单地调整我们的饮食可能有助于降低患阿尔茨海默病等疾病的风险。)”可知，未来的研究有望有助于预防和治疗某些脑部疾病。故选D。12．D13．A14．B15．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字气味技术，包括它的开发过程和潜力，以及其面临的诸多挑战。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thescreenusestinydotsknownaspixels(像素)thatconsistofthreeprimarycolors:red,greenandblue.Bymixingthesecolorsindifferentways,yourphonecanshowyoueverythingfrombeautifulbeachscenestocutepuppies.(屏幕上的小点被称为像素，由三种原色组成：红、绿、蓝。通过以不同的方式混合这些颜色，你的手机可以显示从美丽的海滩景色到可爱的小狗的一切内容。)”可知，像素三种颜色的结合可以使手机屏幕呈现多样化的视觉内容。故选D项。13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Justlikehowpixelsmixthethreebasiccolorstocreateimages,thesescentcartridgescouldmixtocreatedifferentsmells.(就像像素如何混合三种基本颜色来创建图像一样，这些暗盒可以混合产生不同的气味。)”可知，数字气味的生成依赖于使用不同的暗盒。故选A项。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Anotherishowtocontrolhowstrongascentshouldbeandhowlongaphoneshouldsenditout.(另一个挑战是如何控制气味的强度以及手机发出气味的时间。)”可知，科学家在开发数字气味技术时面临的困难之一是调节气味的强度和持续时间。故选B项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段中“Scientistsaredevelopingdigitalscenttechnologythatusesasmallnumberofdifferentcartridges(暗盒),eachcontainingaspecificscent.(科学家们正在开发数字气味技术，该技术使用少量不同的暗盒，每个暗盒含有一种特定的气味。)”和第三段中“Whenyoureceiveadigitalscentcode,yourphonecouldmixtinyamountsofthedifferentscentsfromthecartridgestocreatethedesiredsmell.(当你收到一个数字气味代码时，你的手机可以混合暗盒中的少量不同气味，以产生想要的气味。)”以及第四段中“Creatingaphonethatcanproducesmellsinvolvesseveralchallenges.(制造一款可以产生气味的手机包括几个挑战。)”可知，本文主要介绍了数字气味技术，包括它的开发过程和潜力，以及其面临的诸多挑战，C项“数字气味技术的发展和潜力”符合题意。故选C项。16．D17．C18．B19．A20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了收集物品这一行为对人类大脑和心理的积极作用。16．根据后文“Morethan100,000yearsago,ourancestorssearchedforcrystals,shells,andotherobjectsjustasseekingforfood.(10万多年前，我们的祖先就像寻找食物一样寻找晶体、贝壳和其他东西。)”可知，此处强调了有关收集行为的历史内容，此空需要一个句子来引出下文关于收集行为历史的内容。D选项“Ofcourse,collectingisnotanewphenomenon.(当然，收集并不是一个新现象。)”正好符合这一需求，既承接了上文关于收集行为对大脑有益的描述，又引出了下文关于收集行为历史的介绍。故选D。17．根据前文“Whilethemotivationstocollectarevaried(虽然收集的动机各不相同)”可知，此处强调收集的动机各有不同，设空处应该与前文构成转折关系，强调虽然收集的动机各不相同，但是却有着共同点。C选项“theytypicallycenterarounddevelopingamorepositivesenseofself.(它们通常围绕着培养更积极的自我意识。)”中的they指代前文的motivations，与前文构成转折关系，指出收集动机虽然各有不同，但是通常围绕着培养更积极的自我意识，该选项符合语境，故选C。18．根据后文“Youhavetofigureoutwhereyoucanfindthedesireditems,whatthey’reworth,andhowyouwillorganizeanddisplayyourcollections(你必须弄清楚在哪里可以找到你想要的东西，它们的价值，以及你将如何组织和展示你的收藏)”可知，