汽车英语试题及答案

.chassisdrivingsysteminternalcombustionenginesteeringsystembrakingsystemdieselengineswaterpumptheignitiondistributoroilpantiminggearcylinderblockcylinderheadoilpanconnectingrodvalvespringradiatorwater-coolingsystemair-coolingsystemlubricationsystemoilfiltermassairflowsensorthrottlepositionsensorintakeairtemperaturesensorcrankshaftpositionsensorfueltankEGRvalvemufflerairfiltermanualtransmissionreverseidlergearsdifferentialone-wayclutchthrottlevalvemainreducerrunninggearpowersteeringsteeringcolumn底盘传动系统内燃机转向系制动系统柴油机水泵分电器油底壳正时齿轮汽缸体汽缸盖油底壳连杆气门弹簧散热器水冷系统风冷系统润滑系统机油滤清器空气流量传感器节气门位置传感器进气温度传感器曲轴位置传感器油箱EGR阀消声器空气滤清器手动变速器倒档齿轮差速器单项离合器节气门主减速器行驶系统助力转向系统转向柱anti-lockbrakesystemwheelcylindermastercylinderchargingsystemalternatingcurrentvoltagegaugestartingsystemignitionsystemsparkplugclutchgearboxuniversaljointpropellershaftgeneratorcrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanismvalvegearfuelsystemexhaustpipeexhaustmanifoldin-lineenginessparkplugsinjectionpistonringpistonpinvalveclearancecoolantwaterjacketsplashlubricatingpressurelubricatingexhaustgasoxygensensorfuelpressureregulatorair/fuelratioevaporativeEmissionControlspositivecrankcaseventilationEmissionControlSystemintakeairtemperaturesensorsupercharger防抱死制动系统（ABS）制动轮缸制动主缸充电系统交流电电压表启动系统点火系统火花塞离合器变速器万向节驱动轴发电机曲柄连杆机构配气机构燃油供给系统排气管排气歧管直列式发动机火花塞喷油器活塞环活塞销气门间隙冷却液水套飞溅润滑压力润滑氧传感器燃油压力调节器空燃比燃油蒸发控制曲轴箱强制通风排放控制系统进气温度传感器增压器universaljointcoilspringclutchtorqueconverterplanetarygearvehiclestabilityleafspringhydraulicpowersteeringsystemsteerablewheelbrakefluiddiscbrakewarninglightdirectcurrentchargingindicatorstartingmotorignitioncoilairbags万向节螺旋弹簧离合器液力变矩器行星齿轮车辆稳定性钢板弹簧液压助力转向系统前转向轮制动液盘式制动器警告灯直流电充电指示灯起动机点火线圈安全气囊Inotherwords,anyautomobileiscomposedofthesectionssuchasengine,chassis,bodyandelectricsystem.1、换句话说，任何一辆汽车都由发动机，底盘，车身和电器设备组成。Thetoptworingsaretokeepthegasesinthecylinderandarecalledcompressionrings.Theloweronepreventstheoilsplashedontothecylinderborefromenteringthecombustionchamber,andiscalledanoilring.2、最顶的两道环保证活塞与气缸壁间密封的环叫做气环。底下的一道防止机油飞溅到缸筒从而窜入燃烧室的环叫做为油环。Withawatercoolingsystem,theheatproducedbyanengineiscarriedbycoolingwatertotheradiatorfordissipation.3、在水冷却系统中，由发动机产生的热量通过冷却水在散热器进行散热。Thelubricationsystemiscomposedofoilpan,oilpump,oilfilters,oilpressureregulators,oilcoolersandoilsensors.4、润滑系统是由油底壳，机油泵，机油滤清器，油压调节器，机油散热器和机油压力传感器组成。Thecrankshaftpositionsensorisusedtodetectthecrankshaftangleandenginespeed5、曲轴位置传感器是用来检测的曲轴转角和发动机转速Traditionalspringsanddampersarereferredtoaspassivesuspensions.Ifthesuspensionisexternallycontrolledthenitisasemi-activeoractivesuspension.6、传统的弹性元件和减震器都是被动悬架系统。如果它能从外部控制，那就成为半主动或主动悬架系统。ABSwheelspeedsensorsareinstalledateachwheel,andtheytransmitwheelandtirespeedinformationtothecomputer.7、防抱死制动系统车轮转速传感器安装在每个车轮，这些传感器将车轮和轮胎的转速信号传给电脑。Rear-wheelABSisdesignedtomaintaindirectionalstabilityandpreventthevehiclefromskiddingsidewaysinemergencies8、后轮防抱死制动系统用来保持方向稳定性，在紧急状态下防止车辆侧滑。Anengineismainlycomposedoftwomechanismsandfivesystems.9、发动机主要有两大机构五大系统组成。10、Thevalvegeariscomposedoftiminggears,acamshaft,tappets,valves,springwithfastenersandvalveguides.10、配气机构由正时齿轮、凸轮轴、挺柱、气门、带有锁紧装置的弹簧和气门导管组成。11、Enginelubricatingsystemsareusuallydividedintotwotypes:splash,pressurefeed.11、发动机润滑系通常有压力润滑和飞溅润滑两种方式。12、TheengineECUcalculatestheoptimumfuelinjectionvolume,andcausestheinjectorstoinjectthefuel.12、发动机ECU计算出最适宜的燃油喷射量，然后使喷油器喷射燃油。13、Emissionsfromagasolinedrivenmotorvehicleusuallycomefrom4sources:thefueltank,fuelinjectionsystem,thecrankcase,andtheexhaustsystem.13、汽油车的排放物通常有以下四个来源：油箱、燃油喷射系统、曲轴箱通风、排放系统。Thetypicaldrivelinecomprisesclutch,transmission,driveshaft,finaldrive,differentialandthedrivingwheels.14、典型传动系统一般包括离合器、变速器、传动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动轮等六个部分。15、Twotypesoftransmissionarethemanualandtheautomatic.15、变速器可分为手动式和自动式两种。16、ABSwheelspeedsensorsareinstalledateachwheel,andtheytransmitwheelandtirespeedinformationtothecomputer.16、防抱死制动系统车轮转速传感器安装在每个车轮，这些传感器将车轮和轮胎的转速信号传给电脑。17、Theignitionsystemisdividedintotwocircuits:theprimaryandthesecondary.17、点火系统分为两个电路：初级回路和次级回路。1.Manypollutioncontroldevicesaredesignedtoreduceemissionsfromtheexhaustsystem.Thisisdonebyusingmanynewsystemsandmodifyingothers.Thesemodificationsincludedesignchangestotheignitionsystem,carburetor,intakemanifold,combustionchamberandcamshaft.Otherchangesincludeusingahighertemperaturethermostatandloweringcomperssionratios.ThisresultsinlowercombustiontemperaturesandthereforereducesNOx.1、许多污染控制装置的设计，，以减少排气系统废气排放。这是通过使用许多新的系统和修改等。这些修改包括点火系统，化油器，进气歧管，燃烧室和凸轮轴。其他变动包括使用更高温度的温控器和降低压缩比，降低燃烧温度，因此减少了NOx2.Theignitiondistributorhasseveralfunctions.Itopensandclosesthe(primary)ignitioncircuit.Itdistributesthehightensioncurrenttotherespective(cylinders)oftheengine.Italsohasamechanismthatcontrolsthe(firing)atwhichthebreakerpointsopen,therebyadvancingor(retarding)thesparkinaccordancewithenginerequirements.2、分电器有多种功能。它打开和关闭（初级）点火电路。并将高压电分配到发动机的各自气缸。它也有一个控制机构，根据发动机的要求，在打开断路器触点时减少触点火花（烧蚀）。3、Therearetwobasictypesofautomatictransmissionsbasedonwhetherthevehicleis(rear)wheeldriveor(front)wheeldrive.

Onarearwheeldrivecar,thetransmissionisusually(mounted)tothebackoftheengine.

Adriveshaftconnectstherearofthetransmissiontothe(finaldrive)whichislocatedintherear(axle)andisusedtosend(power)totherearwheels.

Onafrontwheeldrivecar,thetransmissionisus