专题16.4 阅读理解（议论文）（第01期） 带解析

2019年中考真题英语分项汇编（一）【2019•重庆市中考A卷】Fightsatschoolsometimeshappen.Buthowcanyoukeepawayfromafight?Here’ssomethingyoucando.Becalm(冷静).Sometimes,youfeelsoangrythatyoureallywanttoteachsomebodyalesson.Butbeingangrycan’tsolveproblems.Neithercanafight.Instead,itmaybringyoumoreproblems.Intheschool,everyoneinvolved(卷入)inafightwillbepunished,nomatterwhostartedit.Therearewinnersinafight.Shoutloudly.Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntowardthepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay＂stop＂beforewalkingaway.Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.Ifthepersondoesn’tstop,cryforhelpbycallingoutthenameofateacherwhoseofficeisnearby.____Yourfriendmayaskyoutojoininafight.Learntosayno.Helpinghimfightisnotreallyhelpfultohim.Ifyoureallywanttogivehimahand,trytoaskhimtogiveitup.Also,youcantellhimifhegetsinvolvedinafight,hemaygethurtandbepunished.Then,trytolearnwhyhewantsafightandhelphimfindarightwaytodealwiththeproblem.1.Theunderlinedword＂attack＂inParagraph3means＂_________＂inChinese.A.拥抱 B.攻击 C.阻止 D.吸引2.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe_________?A.Facebravely. B.Joininafight.C.Learntorefuse. D.Talktosomeone.3.Thepassageiswrittento_________.A.helpstudentskeepawayfromfights B.warnstudentsnottofightC.advisestudentstohelpeachother D.encouragestudentstoworkhard4.Thepassageiswrittenina/an_________tone(语气).A.sad B.angry C.serious D.crazy【文章大意】本文介绍了学校里有时会发生打架。但你怎么能不打架呢？本文提供了几个方法。首先要冷静。其次，当有人在身后攻击你时，要大声喊。最后当别人喊你参与打架时，你要学会拒绝并劝说不要打架。1.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据句子Loudvoicecanusuallymaketheattackercalmdown.大的声音通常能使攻击者平静下来。attacker是名词＂攻击者＂的意思。去掉-er就是动词＂攻击＂。句子Ifyouknowsomeoneiscomingupbehindyoutoattack,turntowardthepersonwithyourhandsupinfrontofyourbodyandloudlysay＂stop＂beforewalkingaway.中的attack是动词；该句的语境是：如果你知道有人在你身后攻击你，那么在你离开之前，把手举到你身体前面，朝着那个人大声说＂停＂。因此单词attack，是＂攻击＂的意思。故选B。2.C【解析】细节理解题。A.Facebravely.勇敢地面对。B.Joininafight.参加打架。C.Learntorefuse.学着拒绝。D.Talktosomeone.和某人交谈。根据Yourfriendmayaskyoutojoininafight.Learntosayno.Helpinghimfightisnotreallyhelpfultohim.你的朋友可能会要求你参加一场打架。你要学会说＂不＂。帮助他打架可能对他没有真正的帮助。可知本段是介绍了要学会拒绝打架。故选C。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据Fightsatschoolsometimeshappen.Buthowcanyoukeepawayfromafight?Here’ssomethingyoucando.学校里有时会发生打架。但你怎么能不打架呢？这是你能做的。可知，本文主要介绍了如何帮助学生远离打架。故选A。4.C【解析】推理判断题。A.sad悲哀的；B.angry生气的；C.serious严肃的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据Becalm(冷静).、Shoutloudly.和Learntorefuse.可知，本文介绍了如何在学校里避免打架。因此语气应该是严肃的。故选C。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but,or,however,so,because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第1小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。（二）【2019•浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市】Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It’sthesocialproof(社会认同感)thatworks.ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines(A,B,C).Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermanentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects(实验对象).Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepawayfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting(打猎)withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers’action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis＂themostpopular＂.5.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby_________.A.tellingastory B.givingexamplesC.answeringquestions D.showingamap6.AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows_________.A.followingothersisalwaysrightB.socialproofmaychangepeople’sideasC.it’sdifficulttocarryouttheexperimentD.peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone7.Theunderlinedword＂It＂inParagraph4refersto_________.A.runningwithothers B.huntingwithfriendsC.copyingothers’action D.doingsomethingdifferent8.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer(推断)that_________.A.it’simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.wemustn’tcopyothers’actiontokeepsafeD.weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers【文章大意】本文主要通过一些社会现象以及科学家做的实验，告诉大家不要盲目随波逐流。5.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段可知，分别讲了在公园和在音乐会上的两种现象——别人抬头看天空你也会不自觉地看天空，别人在音乐会上鼓掌，不一会儿整个屋子的人都会跟着鼓掌。通过这两个例子引出本文主题，故答案选B。6.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第3段中的信息Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.它说明了社会认同感是如何影响我们的；故答案选B。7.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文Wearedescendants(后代)ofthosewhocopiedothers’action.我们是那些复制他人行为的人的后代。结合本句Itissodeeplyplantedinourmind它深深的植入了我们的思想中，＂它＂指的就是复制其他人的行为这件事；故答案选C。8.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章我们可以推断，在追随其他人之前，我们需要再三考虑.恰巧这也是整篇文章的主旨，不要盲目随波逐流。故答案选D。（三）【2019•浙江省衢州市】Textingwhiledrivingisagainstthelawin47states.Butwhatabouttextingwhilewalking?A2018studyreportedthatmorethan2,500peopleintheUSendedupinhospitalsresultingfromusingamobiledevice(设备)whilewalking.Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(违法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.Itisthefirststatewithalawlikethis.Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.Herearesomerepliestheyreceived.RenaJose,2,NewYorkWhichismoreimportant,textingorsafety?Ifyouarelookingatyourphonewhilewalking,youmightnotseeacarcomeortrafficlightsturnred.Itcanbeverydangerous.Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole,becausebothhadtheirmindontheirphone.Weshouldmaketextingwhilecrossingthestreetillegalinmorecities.AndySelvam,55,CaliforniaPeopledomanythingsthatcauseinjurytothemselvesbutarenotillegal,suchasclimbingmountains,drivingcars,swimmingandsoon.Peoplemightgethurtfromtextingandwalkingifthey’renotpayingattention.ButIstillthinktheyshouldhaveachoice.BobMadigan,45,OregonAshumans,wecanmakeourowndecisions.I’mnotsayingit’ssafe,butwedon’tneedthegovernmenttobabysitus.Ifwewanttolearntomakesmartdecisions,thegovernmentneedstostoptellinguswhattodo.Afterall,thisisafreecountry.AndrewBlack,34,AlaskaThislawisagoodidea—comparethisprotectionwithseatbelts.IfthislawispassedalloverUS,peoplewillbeworried.Butistherereallyawaytopleaseeveryone?Thiswouldnotbeforfun.ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.9.Accordingtothepassage,in_________,itisagainstthelawifpeopletextwhilecrossingthestreet.A.Alaska B.California C.Hawaii D.NewYork10.TheLATimesdidthesurveymostprobablyto_________.A.wintheheartsofmorereadersB.encouragemorestatestopassthelawC.askreadersiftheyagreewithtextingwhiledrivingD.learnaboutpeople’sopinionsontextingwhilewalking11.InRena’sreply,sheshowedthedangeroftextingwhilewalkingby_________.A.usingnumbers B.givingexamplesC.askingquestions D.tellingstories12.WhichofthefollowingisAndrewBlack’sopinion?A.Textingismoreimportantthansafety.B.ThelawwouldhelptokeepAmericanssafe.C.It’seasytopleaseeveryonewhenpassingalaw.D.Whethertotextornotwhilewalkingispeople’sownchoice.【文章大意】本文主要谈论过马路发短信的问题。在美国47个州，开车时发短信是违法的。一项2018年的研究报告称，美国有2500多人因走路使用了手机最终住进了医院。夏威夷通过了一项法律，规定过街时发短信或看手机是违法的。洛杉矶时报就此事做了一项调查。9.C【解析】题意：在_______，人们在过街时发短信是违法的。考查细节理解。根据第2段第2句Hawaiipassedalawmakingitillegal(违法的)totextorlookdownatamobiledevicewhilecrossingthestreet.（夏威夷通过了一项法律，规定过街时发短信或看手机是违法的。）可知在夏威夷，人们在过街时发短信是违法的。故选C。10.D【解析】题意：洛杉矶时报做这项调查很可能是为了________。考查细节理解。根据第2段第3和4句Dopeoplethinkmoreplacesshouldacceptsuchalaw?TheLATimesdidasurvey.（人们认为更多的地方应该接受这样的法律吗？洛杉矶时报做了一项调查。）可知＂洛杉矶时报做这项调查很可能是为了了解人们对走路时发短信的看法＂；故选D。11.B【解析】题意：在Rena的回复中，她通过_______说明了走路时发短信的危险。考查细节理解。根据表格一第4句Forexample,inJapan,onepersonfellintoalakeandanothergotherlegstuckinahole可知在Rena的回复中，她通过举例说明了走路时发短信的危险。故选B。12.B【解析】题意：以下哪项是安德鲁·布莱克的观点？考查细节理解。根据表格4第5句ItwouldbesafeandgoodforallAmericans.（这对所有美国人都是安全和有益的。）可知安德鲁·布莱克认为这项法律将有助于保护美国人的安全。故选B。（四）【2019•安徽省中考】Haveyoutriedtorunorwalkforexerciseandthengivenup?Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise.Aquaticexercisefeelseasierthanexercisingonland.Why?Youweighabout90%lessinthepool.Itisbetterforyourkneesthanrunningorwalking.Waterisabout1,000timesthickerandheavierthanair.Tomovethroughthewater,yourbodyhastoworkfourtimesashard.Asaresult,youcanburnmorecalories(卡路里).Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater.Theystopthinkingaboutthethingsthatmakethemworried.Theyfeelincontroloftheirbodies.Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.Butwhatifyouareafraidofthewater?Noproblem!Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Differencebetweenairandwater. B.Weightchangeofone’sbody.C.Theadvantagesofaquaticexercise. D.Thewaystodoaquaticexercise.14.Whatdomostpeoplethinkofaquaticexercise?A.Relaxing. B.Worrying. C.Challenging. D.Boring.15.Accordingtothetext,aquaticexerciseis_________.A.doneingroups B.fitforeveryoneC.difficulttolearn D.donewithspecialskills16.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Culture. B.Health. C.Nature. D.Travel.【文章大意】跑步或走路来锻炼身体总是很容易半途而废，那么就来尝试一下水中运动吧，它就像陆地上的锻炼一样，只不过是在游泳池里。这种锻炼可以燃烧更多的卡路里，且不会伤害你的膝盖，还能让人们感觉很放松，因此受到了越来越多人的欢迎。13.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的文意可知，这一段介绍了水中运动比陆地运动更容易的原因，它不伤害你的膝盖，且能燃烧更多的卡路里。总而言之，这一段介绍的是水中运动的优点，故C选项符合文意。14.A【解析】细节理解题。大多数人认为水中运动怎么样？A.Relaxing令人放松的。B.是＂令人担心的＂；C.是＂有挑战性的＂；D.是＂无聊的＂。根据短文第三段中Infact,mostpeoplesaytheyfeelmorerelaxedinthewater….Thecool,quietenvironmentmakesthemfeelgood.可知，大多数人都觉得在水里很放松，感觉很好。由此可知应选A。15.B【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段Aquaticexerciseissafeandeasytolearn.Itdoesn’trequireanyspecialskills.Youdon’tevenneedtoknowhowtoswim.Aquaticexerciseisforeveryone可知，水中运动非常安全、学起来也很容易，不需要什么特殊的技能，它适合每个人。由此可知应选B。16.B【解析】推理判断题。我们在杂志那个板块可以读到以上内容？A.是＂文化＂；C.是＂自然＂；D.是＂旅行＂。根据短文第一段Ifyouansweredyes,youshouldtryanewkindofexercise:aquatic(水中的)exercise.Aquaticexerciseislikeexerciseonland,butyoudoitinaswimmingpool.Moreandmorepeoplearetryingaquaticexercise可知，短文介绍的是一种越来越受人们欢迎的新运动—水中运动，这样的内容应该在杂志上的健康版块，故应先B。（五）【2019•山东省潍坊市】ArecentstudyfromateamofSouthKoreanresearcherssuggeststhateatingaloneoftenmayleadtopooreatinghabitsandpoorfoodchoices.Specifically,thestudyfoundthatmenwhoatealonemorethantwiceaweekhadagreaterriskofdevelopinghighbloodpressure,highcholesterolanddiabetes.Forchildren,eatingwiththeirfamiliesisnotonlyaboutpreventingbadoutcomes(结果)—itisalsoaboutdevelopinggoodones.In2014,theOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD)lookedatdatafromnearlythree-quartersoftheworld’scountries.Amongitsfindingswasthefactthatstudentswhosharedamainmealwiththeirfamilieswerelesslikelytoskipschool.Childrenwhoeatamainmealwiththeirfamiliesarealsolesslikelytoabusedrugsandalcohol(吸毒酗酒).Inthereport,titled＂TheImportanceofFamilyDinners(VIII)＂,researcherssaythat＂teenswhohavefrequentfamilydinnersaremorelikelytosaytheirparentsknowalotaboutwhat’sgoingonintheirlives＂.Theyalsoclaimthatwhenteenssaytheyfeelclosertotheirparents,theyarelesslikelytousedrugsandalcohol.AnotherstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealfoundthatchildrenwhoatewiththeirfamiliesexperiencelong–termphysicalandmentalhealthbenefits(好处).Thesechildrenwerephysicallyinbettershapeanddrankfewersugarysoftdrinks.Thesechildrenalsoseemedtohavebettersocialskillsandtheywerelessaggressive(好斗的).ProfessorLindaPaganisaysthatmealtimessharedwithparents＂likelyprovideyoungchildrenwithfirst-handsocialinteractions,discussionsofsocialissues(事件)andday-to-dayconcerns＂.Sheaddsthattheymaylikelyhelpthechildhavebettercommunicationskillswithothers.17.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Benefitsofeatingtogether B.AdvantagesofeatingaloneC.Waysofdevelopingsocialskills D.Risksofusingdrugsandalcohol18.Childreneatingwiththeirfamiliesaremorelikelyto_________.A.drinkmoresugarysoftdrinksB.dowellintheirstudiesatschoolC.bemoresociallyactiveandaggressiveD.haveacloserrelationshipwiththeirparents19.WhyisProfessorPaganimentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tointroduceher B.ToaddanewpointC.Toexplainfurther D.Toprovidebackgroundinformation20.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelguide B.AbiologytextbookC.Acookinginstruction D.Asciencemagazine【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，多项研究结果说明家人一起吃饭的重要性，民以食为天，吃饭是一个让我们停下手中的事情来享受生活的机会。17.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据.Amongitsfindingswasthefactthatstudentswhosharedamainmealwiththeirfamilieswerelesslikelytoskipschool.Childrenwhoeatamainmealwiththeirfamiliesarealsolesslikelytoabusedrugsandalcohol(吸毒酗酒).和AnotherstudyfromtheUniversityofMontrealfoundthatchildrenwhoatewiththeirfamiliesexperiencelong–termphysicalandmentalhealthbenefits(好处)可知文章主要讲一起吃饭的好处；故选A。18.D【解析】细节理解题。根据.Theyalsoclaimthatwhenteenssaytheyfeelclosertotheirparents,可知是和父母有更亲近的关系；故选D。19.C【解析】细节理解题。根据ProfessorLindaPaganisaysthatmealtimessharedwithparents＂likelyprovideyoungchildrenwithfirst-handsocialinteractions,discussionsofsocialissues(事件)andday-to-dayconcerns＂.Sheaddsthattheymaylikelyhelpthechildhavebettercommunicationskillswithothers.可知是为了更深一层的解释孩子和父母一起吃饭的重要性；故选C。20.D【解析】细节理解题。根据ArecentstudyfromateamofSouthKoreanresearcherssuggeststhateatingaloneoftenmayleadtopooreatinghabitsandpoorfoodchoices.Specifically,thestudyfoundthatmenwhoatealonemorethantwiceaweekhadagreaterriskofdevelopinghighbloodpressure,highcholesterolanddiabetes.和后文的一些调查，可推测文章内容可能是一篇来自科学杂志的文章；Atravelguide一本旅游指南，Abiologytextbook一本生物课本，Acookinginstruction一本烹饪说明，Asciencemagazine一个科学杂志；故选D。（六）【2019•江苏省南京市】SPEAKYOURMINDMikeIsaacandIarereportersofStudentDaily.ForthetopicsofournewspapernextmonthvisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.Weinterviewedsomestudentsandhereiswhattheysaid.JOSLYNFARCE,9Ibelievethatweshouldrecyclemorepaper,becausewe’recuttingdowntoomanytrees.Themoretreesthatarecutdown,themoreoxygenwelose.Thecompaniesresponsibleshouldplantmoretrees.JAYDENMITCHELL,9Runningisthebestexercise,becauseyou’removingyourwholebody.Ithelpsyourheartandyourlungs.Noteveryoneishealthy,soweshouldhavemoreexercise.ANDREWBARHAS,9Ithinkeveryoneshoulduseacalmvoice.Whenpeopleareloud,itcausesthemtobemadatoneanother.Sometimesitevenmakespeoplequarrelwitheachother.Whenpeoplespeakcalmlytooneanother,theyfeelhappy.JOSEPHTRUONG,10Peopleshouldstophuntingtigersfortheirfur,forfunandformedicine.Imagineifyouwereatigerfreeinthewild,andthe...BOOM,youareshot(枪杀)foryourfur.Howwouldyoufeel?21.WhatdidMikeIsaacandthewritervisitSunshineElementarySchoolfor?A.Forenvironmentprotection. B.Forwildlifeprotection.C.Forgoodmannersinschool. D.Fortopicsofthenewspaper.22.WhatmaycausepeopletobemadatoneanotherinAndrewVargas’sopinion?A.Losingmoreoxygen. B.Speakinginaloudvoice.C.Cuttingdownmoretrees. D.Huntingtigersformedicine.23.Whotalkedabouthealth?A.JoslynFrace. B.JaydenMitchell. C.AndrewVargas. D.JosephTruong.【文章大意】作者是校报的记者，为了下个月报纸主题，他们参观了SunshineElementarySchool，他们采访了几个学生，JOSLYNFARCE说我们应该回收更多的纸，太多的树被砍伐，树砍的越多，氧气越少，我们应该种更多的树；JAYDENMITCHELL说跑步是最好的运动，它能帮助我们的心脏和肺；ANDREWBARHAS说我们应该用一个平静的声音说话，大声说话容易让人生气；JOSEPHTRUONG说人们不应该猎杀老虎，如果你是一只老虎，被猎杀了，你感觉怎样？21.D【解析】细节理解题。根据MikeIsaacandIarereportersofStudentDaily.ForthetopicsofournewspapernextmonthvisitedSunshineElementarySchoolonMay10.Weinterviewedsomestudents可知是为了下个月报纸主题；故选D。22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据Whenpeopleareloud,itcausesthemtobemadatoneanother.可知是大声说话；故选B。23.B【解析】细节理解题。根据JAYDENMITCHELL,9Runningisthebestexercise,becauseyou’removingyourwholebody.Ithelpsyourheartandyourlungs.Noteveryoneishealthy,soweshouldhavemoreexercise可知JaydenMitchell谈论了健康；故选B。（七）【2019•江西省中考】Playingvideogamesandgettingmoneyforitseemslikeadreamjobformanyoftoday’steenagers.Butisitallfunandgames?BigbusinessPro(professional)gamingiscertainlybigbusiness.In2017,thereweremorethan3,000gamingcompetitionsandover10,000professionalplayersworldwide.Alargenumberofpeoplewatchtheircompetitionsonline,andsuccessfulgamerscangetmorethan1,000,000dollarsfromprizemoneyandads.Theindustryisclearlythriving.WhatittakesBecomingaprofessionalisnotjustaboutbeinggoodatplayinggames-italsotakesalotofhardwork.Someprogamerspracticeforfourteenhoursaday."Youneedtospendmuchtimeandputallyoureffortstoit",saysex-gamerGeorgeNotallfunandgamesItcanbeadifficultjobaswell.Stressisabigproblemforgamers.Tirednessisanother,andinjuries(受伤)arecommon.TopplayerHaiLamhadwrist(手腕)problemsafteryearsofprogaming.Careers(生涯)areshort,andmanygamersretire(退休)beforetheyare30andtrytofindanotherjob.However,thebadpointsprobablywon’tchangethedreamsofmanyteenagegamers.Andangryparentsarestilllikelytoheartheexcuse,＂ButI’mjustpracticingformyfuturejob!＂24.Howmanyprofessionalplayersweretherearoundtheworldin2017?A.130.000. B.Morethan3,000. C.Over1,000.000. D.Morethan10.00025.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"thriving"inParagraph2meanA.Gettingworse. B.Doingwell. C.Developingslowly. D.Changingquickly.26.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthepassage?A.ChildrenareangrywiththeirparentsB.TeenagerspracticegamesfortheirfuturejobsC.SometeenagersarecrazyaboutplayinggamesD.Parentsstoptheirchildrenplayinggamessuccessfully.27.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Progamingisn’tallfunandgamesB.Thecareerasaprogamerdoesn’tlastlongC.Beingaprogamerisagoodchoiceforteenagers.D.Beingaprogamerisaneasywaytomakemoney.【文章大意】玩电脑游戏挣钱对今天的青少年来说好像是一个梦想中的工作，都是乐趣和游戏吗？真正的专业游戏人员需要花费大量的时间来练习，需要投入全部的精力，压力对他们来说是一个大问题，受伤很普通，顶尖玩家HaiLam就有手腕问题，许多玩家30前就退休，但是这些不好的情况不能改变青少年游戏者的梦想。24.D【解析】细节理解题。根据In2017,thereweremorethan3,000gamingcompetitionsandover10,000professionalplayersworldwide.可知超过10,000个专业玩家；故选D。25.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据Alargenumberofpeoplewatchtheircompetitionsonline,andsuccessfulgamerscangetmorethan1,000,000dollarsfromprizemoneyandads.可知这种产业做得很好；故选B。26.C【解析】细节理解题。根据However,thebadpointsprobablywon’tchangethedreamsofmanyteenagegamers.Andangryparentsarestilllikelytoheartheexcuse,＂ButI’mjustpracticingformyfuturejob!＂可知虽然有一些不好的情况，但是也不能改变青少年游戏者的梦想，可知一些青少年对玩游戏很着迷；故选C。27.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据玩电脑游戏挣钱对今天的青少年来说好像是一个梦想中的工作，都是乐趣和游戏吗？真正的专业游戏人员需要花费大量的时间来练习，需要投入全部的精力，压力对他们来说是一个大问题，受伤很普通，顶尖玩家HaiLam就有手腕问题，许多玩家30前就退休，但是这些不好的情况不能改变青少年游戏者的梦想。可知文章主要讲专业游戏不总是乐趣和游戏；故选A。（八）【2019•天津市中考】Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood.Takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationoverhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure(血压).Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peopelewhosleepalotareusuallvseenas＂lazy＂.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep.theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaasanexpert(专家)insleep.Hesays,＂Sleepislikeacredit(信用卡)card.Whenyousleepless.youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldtsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard.’＂Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid.＂Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.＂28.Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto_________.A.eathealthyfoodeveryday B.takeexcrciscasmuchaspossibleC.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessary D.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight29.Whatdoes＂slecep-deprived＂meaninParagraph2?A.Havingagoodsleep. B.Excitedaboutsleep.C.Havinglesssleep. D.Interestedinsleep.30.AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas.whatissleeplike?A.Anhour. B.Areport.C.Acreditcard. D.Apieceofpaper.31.WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagragh5?A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.C.Peoplehavenocourage.D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.32.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage’?A.TheValueofSleepB.TheValueofStudyC.TheWaysofEatingLessD.TheWaysofMakingMoney【文章大意】本文介绍了睡眠的价值。文章介绍了有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。世界上越来越多的人睡眠不足。睡眠不足不仅使人感到疲劳，而且还会造成事故。文化是造成睡眠不足的原因之一。我们如何教这些人学习睡眠的价值？睡眠专家告诉我们：＂睡眠就像信用卡。当你睡眠不足时。你只是在借用时间。你总是要还钱。你不睡觉的时间越多，＂偿还＂你＂睡眠信用卡＂上的时间就越多。＂一位名人曾经说过：＂不要以为你会因为晚上睡觉而减少工作。这是一个没有想象力的人的愚蠢的想法。你可以做得更多。＂28.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.可知，但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。故选D。29.C【解析】词义猜测题。A.Havingagoodsleep.睡得好；B.Excitedaboutsleep.对睡眠感到兴奋。C.Havinglesssleep.睡眠不足；D.Interestedinsleep.对睡眠感兴趣。句子AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationoverhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.根据世界卫生组织的数据，世界上一半以上的人可能睡眠不足。因此sleep-deprived的意思是：睡眠不足。故选C。30.C【解析】细节理解题。A.Anhour.一个小时；B.Areport.一份报告；C.Acreditcard.一张信用卡；D.Apieceofpaper.一张纸。根据Sleepislikeacredit(信用卡)card.可知，睡眠就像信用卡。故选C。31.B【解析】细节理解题。句子＂Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.＂＂不要以为你会因为晚上睡觉而减少工作。这是一个没有想象力的人的愚蠢的想法。你可以做得更多。＂这句话充分说明了晚上睡觉是有帮助的。故选B。32.A【解析】推理判断题。A.TheValueofSleep睡眠的价值；B.TheValueofStudy学习的价值；C.TheWaysofEatingLess少吃的方法；D.TheWaysofMakingMoney赚钱的方式。根据Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood.Takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.有很多方法可以帮助改善你的健康，比如吃健康食品。进行锻炼并获得医疗帮助。但改善健康的最简单和最便宜的方法就是每晚只睡8个小时或更长时间。和句子Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?我们如何教这些人学习睡眠的价值？可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的价值。因此最好的题目是TheValueofSleep.故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but,or,however,so,because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第2小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。（九）【2019•浙江省宁波市】Manypeoplemightthinkthatiftheyhadmoremoney,thentheywouldhehappierinlife.Forexample,peoplemightlookatwhatothershave,likeexpensiveclothesornicecars,andwishtheycouldhavethesame.Butthethingsthatmoneycanbuycannotbringhappinesstoapersonforlong.___①____Butisthatreallytrue?Studieshavefoundthatmoneycan,infact,makepeoplehappier.__②____Instead,it’sgivingmoneytoothers