专题22 阅读理解（科普或环境保护类或健康类）（第01期）-中考英语试题分项版解析汇编 带解析VIP

1、【2015年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Doyousleepwell?Ifyouranswerisno,thefollowingmighthelpyou.SetacertainbedtimeandrisingtimeAcertainbedtimeandrisingtimecanhelpyoubuildupyourbodyclocks.Setabedtimewhichisgoodandnaturalforyou.Don’tchangeyourbedtimeandrisingtimeonweekends.AvoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleepingExcitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning.Atthesametime,ifyoumaketomorrow’splanorreadanexcitingstorybeforeturningoffthelight,itdoesn’tgiveyouenoughtimetorelaxbeforeyoutrytosleep.KeepthebedroomforsleepingonlyIt’sabadhabitforyoutouseyourbedroomasaplacetoeat,watchTV,read,talkonthephone,ordiscussimportantmatterswithyourfamilymembers.Breakthathabittogetbettersleep.Don’tgotobedtooearlyYourbodyusuallyletsyousleeponlythenumberofhoursitneeds.Youshoulddecidehowmanyhoursyoumustsleepinordernottoexperiencedaytimesleepiness.TakeawarmshowerbeforeyourbedtimeAtwenty-minutewarmshoweratatemperatureofabout45–50notonlyisagreatrelaxatday’send,butalsoraisesyourbodytemperaturebyseveraldegrees.Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymakeyoufeelsleepy.80.Ifyouwanttobuildupyourbodyclocks,youshould______.A.setacertainbedtimeandrisingtime B.gotobedneithertooearlynortoolateC.keepthebedroomforsleepingonly D.takeawarmshowerbeforesleeping81.Whyshouldyouavoidexcitingactivitiesjustbeforesleeping?A.BecausetheywillgetyourthoughtsrunningB.Becauseyouhavetomaketomorrow’spalnC.BecauseyoushouldreadanexcitingstoryD.Becauseyouwillhavetoturnoffthelight.82.Yourbedroomshouldbekeptfor______only.A.talking B.eating C.reading D.sleeping83.Accordingtothepassage,______willmakeyoufeelsleepy.A.takingacoldshower B.yourbodytemperaturedroppingC.yourdailyexperience D.raisingyourbodytemperature【答案】80.A 81.A82.D83.B81.A细节理解题。根据第二条建议Excitingactivitiesgetyourthoughtsrunning可知兴奋的活动会使你的思维活跃，故选A。82.D细节理解题。根据第三条建议可知卧室只能是睡觉的地方。故选D83.B细节理解题。根据最后的建议Thecomingdropintemperatureofyourbodywillnaturallymakeyoufeelsleepy.可知下降的体温自然会使你感到困倦，故选B。【考点定位】健康保健类短文阅读。2．【广东省2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解（30分）ItisreportedthatsomedevelopedcountieshaveshippedbrokenpartsofcomputestoChina.Suchathingcanbefoundedeverydayalthoughitisagainstinternationallaws.LastmonthHongKongofficersfound131,000kilogramsofbrokencomputers,TVsandphonessendfromJapan.Thingslikethesearecalledelectronicwaste,ore-waste.Dealingwithisnotaneasyjobbecausedangerouspoisonlikemercury(汞)andlead(铅)canbefoundinthem.Everytimeanoldcomputerbreaksdown,itneedstobedealwithsafely.Butatpresent,brokencomputerpartsareusuallyburied.Itmaybehundredsofyearsbeforetheyarereallygoesintheearth.ManyplacesinChinaarepollutedbye-waste.GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.Ithastodealwith1.5mllionkilogramsofe-wasteeachyear,fromwhichitmakes75millionyears.Butitcomesatacost.Manyofthepoisonine-wastefindtheirwayintotheenvironment.Plasticisburnedoutdoorsandchemicalwaterispouredintorivers,Greenpeace,anenvironmentalgroup,hasfoundtheair,theearthandtheriversinGuiyubadlypolluted.TheChinesegovernmentwantsthecountrytodevelop,butinawaythatdoesn;tdoharmtotheenvironmentandpeople’slife.Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.ComputercomplieslikeLenovoandDellwillbeaskedtotakebacktheiroldcomputers.Thisisbecausethecompliesthatmakecomputersknowbesttodealwiththemsafely.Hopefully,theproblemwithe-wastewillbesolvedinnearfuture.61.Thee-wastefoundinHongKonglastmonthwasfrom________.A.FranceB.JapanC.GermanyD.Australia62.Theunderlinedwordburiedprobablymeans______inthepassage.A.焚烧B.障碍C.回收D.掩埋63.ThetownofGuiyainGuangdongProvince_________.A.isthee-capitaloftheworldB.hasseriouse-wastepollutionC.Dealswithe-wastesafelyD.speedsmuchmoneyone-waste64.Thisyear,theChinesegovernment__________.A.triedtochangepeople’slifeB.closedsomecomputercompliesC.makeanewenvironmentprotectionlawD.askedpeopletohandintheiroldcomputers65.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.thewayindealwithe-wasteB.thecostofburninge-wasteC.thee-wasteprobleminChinaD.theneedtopassalawagainste-waste【答案】61.B 62.D63.B64.C65.C62.D词义猜测题。根据上下文可知不可能是障碍的意思，根据后文它可能需要数百年才从地球上消失，可知不是回收，焚烧，而是被掩埋，故选D。63.B推理判断题。根据GuiyuinGuangdongprovinceisoneofthem.Thistownisnamedas”thee-wastecapitaloftheworld”.贵屿是世界电子废料之都，可知广州的贵屿电子废料污染严重，故选B。64.C细节理解题。根据Thisyear,Chinapresentsanewprotectionlaw,thestrictestonewehaveeverhad.可知今年中国政府制定了一项新的环境保护的法律。故选C。65.C归纳理解题。根据这篇短文主要描述了中国受电子废料的污染及中国的措施。故选C。【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。3、【广州市2015年初中毕业生学业考试英语】阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所级的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?Nowthatwouldbehard!Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortagechocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,newplantdiseasesandlittleraininIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproductionby40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersinAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountrieslikeIndonesiaandVenezuelaarechangingtoeasier-to-growcropssuchascornorrubber.Thisway,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmakesurethenewplantsaresafetogrow.Thistakesalongtime.First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsixmonthstomakesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’redisease-free,willtheplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverelsetheyareneeded.Tocreatenewstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsattheCentrearecombiningthebestpartsfromdifferentcocoaplants.Thoughtheworldisfacingaseriouschocolateshortage,thereisnowhope!51.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat______.A.chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB.theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolateC.peoplelovevegetablesmorethanchocolateD.it’snotnecessarytoeatsomuchchocolate52.Inwhichcountrieshaschocolatebecomemorepopularinrecentyears?A.VenezuelaandIndonesia.B.IvoryCoastandGhana.C.IndonesiaandChina.D.ChinaandIndia.53.Cocoafarmersarechoosingtogrowrubberandcornbecausethesecrops______.A.canmakethemmoremoneyB.needlessraintogrowC.canbeplantedmoretimeseachyearD.arenotdamagedbyplantdiseases54.HowlongdoesittakescientistsattheCentretomakesureacocoaplantissafetogrow?A.6months.B.12months.C.24months.D.30months.55.WhatisoneofthepurposesoftheCocoaControlCentre?A.Tointroducecocoaproductiontomorecountries.B.ToprovidemorechocolateforBritishpeople.C.Toproducestrongertypesofcocoaplants.D.Tomakesurethatcocoaishealthytoeat.【答案】51.B52.D53.A54.D55.C【解析】试题分析：这篇短文讲述的是因为巧克力更受欢迎但是可可的产量下降，因此巧克力变得越来越短缺，很多种植可可树的农民都转向种植其他更赚钱的植物。因此现在英国的研究人员正在努力创造新的可可树。51.B推理判断题。第一段中心句为“Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.这里it指的是aworldwithoutchocolate.”故选B。54.D推理判断题。根据短文第五段中“First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsixmonths”、“ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.”，可知，需要2年6个月即30个月。故选D。55.C细节理解题。根据短文第四段中“Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.”可知，这个中心是为了创造出更新的可可树，让它们更强壮、生长更快。故应选C。【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。 4、【2015年襄阳市初中毕业生学业水平考试英语试题】阅读理解（本大题满分30分，每小题2分）阅读下面三篇材料，根据材料内容从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该标号涂黑。Imagineoneday,thewatertaps(水龙头)inyourhousestoprunning.Youhavetobuywaterfromshops.Andstillthereisn’tenoughforeveryone.Yourmotherhastosavethefamily’sshowerwatertodootherthings.Wouldyoubeabletostandthatkindoflife?Probablynot.Butthat’swhatkidsinYemenareexperiencing.ExpertssaidYemenisgoingtobethefirstcountryintheworldtorunoutofwater.Accordingtoareport,thecapital,Sana,willrunoutofdrinkingwaterasearlyas2025.Becauseoftheshortage,thegovernmentoftencutsthewatersupply(供应).Hannan,an18-year-oldfromLahej,toldTimes:“Inagoodweekwe’llhaveawatersupplyallweek.Butthenthefollowingweektherewillbewateronlyforadayortwo.”Hannansaidonlyrichpeoplehaveenoughwatertouse.Theycanbuywaterfromtheshopsorfromthewatertrucks.Privatecompaniesownthetrucks.Theytravelaroundthecityeverydaytosellwater—atveryhighprices.“Alotofpeoplecan’taffordit,”shesaid.Theaverage(平均)personinYemenuses100to200cubic（立方）metersofwaterperyear.Thatisfarbelowtheinternationalwaterpoverty(贫困)lineof1,000cubicmeters.Thegovernmentisthinkingofmakinguseofseawater.ButitwillcostalotanditmaynothappensoonenoughtohelpthepeopleofYemen.56._____________isthenameofthecapitalcityofYemen.A.SanaB.LahejC.HannanD.Times57.AreportshowsthatSanawillhave____________asearlyas2025.A.enoughdrinkingwatertouseB.nodrinkingwatertouseC.noprivatecompaniesD.morewaterpollution58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortage”inthethirdparagraphmeaninChinese?A.充足B.短缺C.干旱D.需求[来源:学59.Wecaninfer(推断)fromthepassagethat_____________.A.thepoordon’thavetoworryaboutthewatersupplyB.the18-year-oldboyisfromapoorfamilyC.privatecompaniesmakealotofmoneyD.Lahejisabeautifulplace60.Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowtoSaveWaterB.HowtoMakeUseofSeawaterC.HowPeopleUseWaterFullyD.YemenisFacingSeriousWaterShortage【答案】56.A57.B58.B59.C60.D57.B细节理解题。根据短文第二段中Accordingtoareport,thecapital,Sana,willrunoutofdrinkingwaterasearlyas2025.的这句话可知，根据一项报告，也门的首都萨那将在2025年用尽饮用水，也就是到2025年的时候，就没有饮用水了。故选B。58.B词义猜测题。本题要求我们猜测shortage这个单词的意思，根据这个单词我们找到短文的第三段，Becauseoftheshortage,thegovernmentoftencutsthewatersupply，政府减少水供应，可见也门这个国家的水出现了短缺。shortage短缺，故应选B。59.C细节理解题。根据短文第四段中Privatecompaniesownthetrucks.Theytravelaroundthecityeverydaytosellwater—atveryhighprices可知，私人公司拥有卡车，他们可以到城市的各处去卖水，并且是以很高的价格。由此可见，私人公司可以赚很多钱，故选C。【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。5、【2015年襄阳市初中毕业生学业水平考试英语试题】阅读理解（本大题满分30分，每小题2分）Aseriousearthquakecanbeaterribleexperience,anditiseasytoforgetsafetymeasures(措施)indisorder(混乱).Fortunately,mostearthquakesafetymeasuresarecommonsense,butifyouforgeteverythingelse,re­memberthefollowinginstructions:drop,cover,andholdon.Also,mostofearthquakedeathshap­penaftertheearthquake,sorememberthatthedangerdoesnotendwhentheshakingdoes!Ifyoustayindoorsduringanearthquake,moveawayfromunsupportedareasandwindows.Trytogetunderadoorwayoranotherareaofthebuildingwhichisheldupbystrongbeams(梁).Stayunderatableordeskonlyifitisverystrong.Donotrushtolifts,becauseitisfarsafertostaywhereyouare.Coveryourheadwithyourarmsarounditandcurl(蜷缩)intoaball,andwaitfortheshakingtostop.Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,movetoanareawhichisasopenaspossible.Don’tmovetobuild­ings,electricpolesandotherobjectswhichmayfallduringanearthquakeandinjureyou.Protectyourheadandstaylowtothegroundtilltheshakingendsanditissafetomove.Afteranearthquake,manybuildingsarelessstrong,althoughtheyappearsafe.Ifyoustayindoors,movepeoplefromthebuildingquicklyandhelpdisabledorinjuredpeople.Onceoutdoors,movewellawayfromthebuildingsothatifitfallsdown,youwillnotbeinjured.Waittillpublicsafetyofficialsan­nouncethatitissafetostayindoors.Byplanningaheadandkeepingcalmduringanearthquake,youcangreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival(生存)withoutinjury.61.Theunderlinedword“Fortunately”inthefirstparagraphmeans____________.A.especiallyB.graduallyC.luckilyD.finally62.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatearthquakesafetymeasures____________.A.areplannedforchildrenB.helpustokeepsafeC.arenotnecessaryD.arenoteasytounderstand63.Accordingtothepassage,itisn’tagoodchoice___________duringanearthquake.A.totakealiftB.tostayunderastrongtableC.togetunderadoorwayD.tocovertheheadwitharmsaroundit64.Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,youcandoallthefollowingexcept___________.A.tryingtoprotectyourheadB.movingtoanopenplaceC.movingawayfrombuildingsD.takingthedisabledpeopleintotheroom65.Thepurposeofthepassageismainlytotellushowto____________.A.stayawayfromanearthquakeB.predictanearthquakeC.controlanearthquakeD.keepsafeduringandafteranearthquake【答案】61.C62.B63.A64.D65.D62.B细节理解题。根据短文第一段中Fortunately,mostearthquakesafetymeasuresarecommonsense可知，作者认为，虽然在地震发生时的混乱经常让我们忘记了安全措施，但是大多数的安全措施是有意义的，也就是可以帮助我们在地震中的安全。故应选B。63.A细节理解题。根据短文第二段中Donotrushtolifts,becauseitisfarsafertostaywhereyouare.可知，地震发生时，呆在你在的地方要更加安全，不要跑向电梯。故应选A。根据这一段中Stayunderatableordeskonlyifitisverystrong.、Trytogetunderadoorway、Coveryourheadwithyourarmsaroundit可知，B、C和D都是地震中正确的做法。64.D细节理解题。根据短文中Ifyoustayoutdoorsduringanearthquake,movetoanareawhichisasopenaspossible.Don’tmovetobuildings,electricpolesandotherobjectswhichmayfallduringanearthquakeandinjureyou.Protectyourhead…可知，地震发生时，如果你在户外，要去一个尽量空阔的地方，不要去大楼、电线杆以及其他可能倒塌的地方，还有保护好你的头。由此可知A、B和C都是我们应该做的，不应该做的应该是D。【考点定位】科普类短文阅读。 6、【湖南省长沙市2015年中考英语试题】短文理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共15小题，计30分）难度：★★Haveyoueverheardofe-waste(electricwaste,电子垃圾),whichcanbeproducedeveryday?Howdoyoudealwithyourcomputers,MP4playersandmobilephoneswhenthey’rebrokenoryouwantanewone?Mostpeoplejustthrowthemaway.Withthedevelopmentofelectricindustry,e-wastepollutionhasbecomeaseriousproblem.AccordingtotheUnitedNations,in2014,peoplearoundtheworldproduced41.8milliontonsofe-wasteandonlyrecycled6.5milliontons.TheUSwasthebiggestwaster,producing7.1milliontons.Chinacamesecond,with6milliontons.It’simportanttopayattentiontoe-waste.Itcaneitherbevaluableorharmful（有害的）,dependingonhowwedealwithit.E-wasteisavaluableurbanmine（城市矿藏）.Thevalueofthemetals,likegoldandsilverinthewastearoundtheworld,isamazing.Andthemetalscanbereused.Butifpeoplethrowthemaway,thetoxicchemicals（有毒化学物质）

cangetintotheearthorair,

effecting

theenvironmentandpeople’shealth.Apple,forexample,nowrecyclepeople’susedproductsinChinawhentheyarebuyingnewones.Thecompanywilltestandrepairtheusedonesandsellthematlowerprices.Tohelpreduce（减少）e-waste,wecanalsotakecomputersandphonestoseeifcompaniesofferrecyclingprograms.56.Thefollowingcanbecomee-waste

EXCEPT_____.

A.computers

B.mobilephones

C.plasticbags57.Whichcountryproducedmoste-wastelastyearaccordingtotheUnitedNations?A.America.

B.China.

C.Japan.58.Whatdoestheunderlineword

“affecting”

meaninthispassage?

A.

保护

B.

影响

C.

改善59.FromParagraph4,welearnthat_____.

A.therecycleAppleproductswillbesoldathigherprices.

B.buyinglongerlastingelectronicproductsisagoodwaytoreducee-waste.

C.it’sbettertokeeptheunwantedelectronicsinyourbedroom.60.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto_____.

A.provethate-wasteisuseless.

B.encouragepeopletobuymoreelectronicproducts.

C.advisepeopletodealwithe-wasteproperlytoreducepollution.【答案】56.C57.A58.B59.B60.C56.C细节理解题。该题问的是except，除了，不包括，就是选跟题干不相符合的，根据文章第一段MP4playersandmobilephoneswhenthey’rebrokenoryouwantanewone?得出C选项与该句中的MP4playersandmobilephone不属于一类，所以答案为C（塑料袋子）。57.A细节理解题。根据题干可知，答案应定位在第二段中，AccordingtotheUnitedNations,in2014,peoplearoundtheworldproduced41.8milliontonsofe-wasteandonlyrecycled6.5milliontonsTheUSwasthebiggestwaster,producing7.1milliontons可知，美国的电子垃圾是最多的，故选A。58.B词义猜测题。根据关键词定位到thetoxicchemicals（有毒化学物质）

cangetintotheearthorair,

effecting

theenvironmentandpeople’shealth，意思是：有毒物质进入到了土壤和空气中，影响环境和人们的健康。根据因果关系可推知，这对环境和人们的健康肯定是有影响的。affect影响，故答案为B。59.B细节理解题。根据题干可知，答案应在第四段，根据Thecompanywilltestandrepairtheusedonesandsellthematlowerprices.可知A选项不正确；C选项在短文中没有提到。根据文意可知，如果我们想要减少电子垃圾，购买持续时间更长的电子产品是一个好办法。故应选B。【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。 7、【内蒙古呼和浩特市2015年中考英语试题】【湖南省娄底市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解（共四节，25小题，计50分）第一节判断正误阅读下面短文，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的写（A），不符合的写(B)。（共5小题，计10分）Thisisnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultotheenvironment.Withoutafin,asharkcannolongerswimandslowlydies.Sharksareatthetopofthefoodchainintheocean’secosystem.Iftheirnumbersdroptoolow,itwillbringdangertoalloceanlife.Infact,around70millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.Thenumbersofsomekindsofsharkshavefallenbyover90percentinthelast20to30years.Helpsavethesharks!41.SharkfinsoupispopularinnorthernChina.42.Noscientificstudiesshowthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.43.Withoutafin,asharkcan’tswimanylongerandslowlydies.44.Infact,around50millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.45.Weshouldhelpsavethesharks.【答案】41.A 42.A43.A44.B5.A42.A根据可知没有科学研究表明鱼翅汤对健康有好处，故填A43.A根据Withoutafin,asharkcannolongerswimandslowlydies.故填A44.B根据Infact,around70millionsharksarecaughtandtradedinthisindustryeveryyear.可知是70million头而不是50million鲨鱼，故填B5.A根据短文最后的呼吁及鲨鱼减少给人类带来的危险，可知我们应该拯救鲨鱼，故填A【考点定位】环境保护类短文阅读。8、【山东省泰安市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）Onschoolnights,lotsofkidshavetodotheirreadingbeforetheyareallowedtowatchTV.Prettysoon,youmightgettodobothatthesametime,intrueHarryPotterstyle.Severalcompaniesareracingtoproduceelectronicpaperandink,completewithcolorsandmovingimagines(图像).OneideawouldbetocreateanewspaperlikeTheDailyProjectintheHarryPotterbooks.Itspageswouldholdvideoclipsofbaseballgamesinsteadofjustblack-and-whitephotos.Electronicpaperisnotanewidea.AcompanyinMassachusettscalledEink,forexample,hasbeenworkingforyearsonsuchatechnology.Littleelectricitydetermines(决定)whethereachmicrosphere(灌球)looksblackorwhiteatanygiventime.Together,microspheresmakeupwordsandimagines.Thetechniquesseemspromisingforcreatingstillimaginesthatcanbechangedwhenneeded,buttheprocess(进程)istooslowforgoodvideos.ScientistsintheNetherlandsnowreportanewtypeofe-papertechnology.Byusinglayers(层)ofoil,therequirements.Theycanalsomakeimageswhichchangefastenoughtomeetstandardvideorequirements.Theycanalsomakebrilliantcolors,.Sofar,however,eachimageissmallerthanthefingernail.Fornow,readingandwatchingTVwillhavetoreturntwoseparateactivities.Keepyoureyesopen,though,inthefuture,TVwatchingandreadingmightbepartofthesamework.61.Accordingtothepassage,kidssooncan.A.beallowedtowatchTVB.watchTVwhiledoingtheirhomeworkC.watchHarryPotteronTVD.beallowedtoreadanewspaper62.Severalcompaniesareracingto.A.MaketheHarryPotterTVprogramB.createanewspaperliketheTheDailyProjectC.providebaseballgamesforkidsD.produceelectronicpaperwithcolorsandmovingimages63.Whatdeterminestheblackandwhitecolorofeachmicrosphere?A.ImagesB.ElectricityC.OilandinkD.Fingernail64.WhichofthefollowinginNOTtrue?A.Electronicpaperisnotanewidea.B.Microspheresmakeupwordsandimages.C.NowTVwatchingandreadingispartofthesamework.D.Scientistsuselayersofoilinanewresearch.65.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat.A.scientistsarestillworkingonthenewtechnologyB.kidslovetoredwhilewatchingTVC.parentsmaybeagainstthisnewideaD.teachersmaynotteachstudentsanymore【答案】61.B62.D63.B64.C65.A62.D细节理解题。B项只是某个公司的一种想法，不是公司竞争的目的，根据Severalcompaniesareracingtoproduceelectronicpaperandink,completewithcolorsandmovingimagines(图像).故选D。63.B细节理解题。根据短文Littleelectricitydetermines(决定)whethereachmicrosphere(灌球)looksblackorwhiteatanygiventime.可知电起到了决定作用，故选B。64.C细节理解题。根据短文最后一段可知看电视和读书现在还是分离的活动，故选C。65.A细节理解题。根据短文最后一段主要介绍了看电视和读书现在还是分离的活动，但是将来会是相同工作的一部分，即同时进行。所以现在科学家仍然在研究这项新的技术，故选A。【考点定位】考查科普类短文阅读。9、【2015浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。ThefollowingisaQUIZ(自测)fromamagazine.Questions1Point2Points3PointsWheredoyoulive?inavillageinatowninacityHowdoyougotowork/school?bywalking/bicyclebytrain/bus/subwaybydrivingasmallcarHowmanytimesayeardoyouflyonairplanes?123Howmanyhoursofelectricitydoyouuseeachday(e.g.watchingTV,keepinglightson)?0-6hours6-12hours12-18hoursHowoftendoyourecycle?almostalwaysoftensometimesTotalPointsResult7Lesspollutionthantheaverage(平均)person8-10Asmuchpollutionastheaverageperson11-13Alittlemorepollutionthantheaverageperson14-14AlotmorepollutionthantheaveragepersonWhichofthefollowingmakestheleastpollution?A.Livingprettywellinabigcity. B.Flyingonplanesonlytwiceayear.C.Almostalwaysrecyclingusedthings. D.Using15hoursofelectricityeachday.Howmanypointsdoestheaveragepersonget?A.7points. B.8-10points. C.11-13points. D.14-15points.43.Tomlivesinacity,goestoworkbysubway,fliesonairplanesonceayear,uses15hoursofelectricityaday,ansometimesrecyclesusedthings.Howmanypointsdoesheget?A.11points. B.12points. C.13points. D.14points.Whichoffollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthequiz?A.WhereDoYouLive? B.WhatDoYouRecycle?C.WhyDoWeTravel? D.HowGreenAreYou?【答案】41.C42.B43.B44.D41.C细节理解题。由第二个表格可知，得分越少，制造的污染越少。所以从第一个表格中选择分数最少的项目。可以得知，经常回收用过的东西制造污染最少。故选C。42.B细节理解题。由第二个表格第二行Asmuchpollutionastheaverageperson。可以知道8到10分是人们的平均得分。故选B。43.B细节理解题。由第一个表格可知，liveincity是3分；goworkbysubway得2分；flyonairplanesonceayear，得1分；use15hoursofelectricityaday，得3分；sometimesrecycleusedthings，得3分。加起来一共12分。故选B。44.D中心判断题。由问卷大意可知，这个表格包含了很多方面测试的是你有多环保。住的地方，回收东西，选择交通工具都只是其中的一部分，不能概括。故选D。【考点定位】问卷调查类阅读10、【2015浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。Areyoushy?Ifyouare,youarenotalone.Infact,closeto50percentofpeopleareshy.Almost80percentofpeoplefeelshyatsomepointintheirlives.Thesedays,shynessisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.Now,scientistsaretryingtounderstandshyness.Theyhavesomeinterestingideasaboutwhypeopleareshy.Isitpossibletobebornshy?Manyscientistssayyes.Theysay15to20percentofbabiesbehaveshyly.Thesebabiesarealittlequieterandmorewatchfulthanotherbabies.Interestingly,theseshybabiesusuallyhaveshyparents.Asaresult,scientiststhinkthatsomeshynessisgenetic.Familysizemightcausepeopletobeshyaswell.ScientistsatHarvardYoumayalsobeshybecauseofwhereyouwereborn.Whenscientistsstudiedshynessindifferentcountries.Theyfoundsurprisingdifferences.InJapan,mostpeoplesaidtheywereshy.ButinIsrael,onlyoneofthreepeoplesaidso.Whatexplainsthedifference?OnescientistsaystheJapaneseandIsraelishavedifferentopinionsoffailure.InJapan,whenpeopledonotsucceed,theyfeelbadaboutthemselves.Theyblame（责备）themselvesfortheirfailure.InIsrael,theoppositeistrue.Israelisoftenblamefailureonoutsidereasons,suchasfamily,teachers,friends,orbadluck.InIsrael,freedomofopinionandrisktakingarestronglysupported.ThismaybewhyIsraelisworrylessaboutfailureandarelessshy.Forshypeople,itcanbedifficulttomakefriends,speakinclass,andevengetagoodjob.Butscientistssayyoucangetoveryourshyness.Theysuggesttryingnewthingsandpracticingconversation.Anddon’tforgetifyouareshy,youarenottheonlyone.50.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Happiness. B.Shyness. C.Kindness. D.loneliness.51.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“genetic”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Passeddownfromparents. B.Learnedfromfriends.C.Taughtbyteachers. D.Madeupbybrothers.52.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Mostlittlebabiesarebornshyandquiet.B.Ifyouareshynow,youwillbeshyforever.C.Manyshychildrenhaveolderbrothersandsisters.D.MostIsraelipeopleareshyofexpressingopinions.53.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______maycauseshyness.A.genetics,grown--upsandbirthplace B.genetics,familysizeandbirthplaceC.fa