人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义必修五　Unit1GreatScientists

第一部分基础知识必修五Unit1GreatScientists1.了解科学家如何以探索、钻研、无畏的科研精神验证未知的科学真理。2.感悟科学家周密观察、勇于探索、认真分析的科学精神，了解科学发现的全过程具有其科学的严密性。Doyouknowthecharacteristicsofradium?Doyouknowwhoputforwardthescientificconclusionofitsusage?Whoanalyzedthespecialmaterial?Whodefeatedakindofdeadlydiseaseexposedtotheneighbourhood?Anexpertoraphysician?Whowouldliketoattendtothepatientsandchallengetheseveredisease?Whowouldliketohandletheterriblesituations?Weretheyafraidtobevictims?Iamabsorbedinthestoriesoffamouspeople.Theymaybesuspectedtobemadmen.Theythemselvescouldn'tforeseethefuture.Theymaybeblamedfordoingsomethingcrazy.Buttheylinktheirlifetotheworld.Theyhopetomakecontributionstotheworld.Apartfromtheirpositiveattitude,theirenthusiasticdreaminstructedthemselvestobeconstructors.Theywerestrictwiththemselves.Theywerecautious.Theyhopedtostartthemovementtodosomethingformankind.Theireffortsmadesenseatlast.Theirconstructionworkwasn'trejected.Infact,theirworkwasannouncedtobegreat.1.putforward提出2.defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n.失败3.attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加4.expose...to使显露；暴露5.curen.治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗6.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战7.blamevt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备8.pollutevt.污染；弄脏9.contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助我完全被这些名人的经历所吸引。Iamabsorbedinthestoriesoffamouspeople.★radiumn.镭★characteristicadj.特有的；独特的n．特性，特征；性质★scientificadj.科学的★concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出★analysevt.分析★expertadj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n．专家；行家★exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光★victimn.受害者★absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心★suspectvt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯★neighbourhoodn.附近；邻近★severeadj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的★foreseevt.预见；预知★handlen.柄；把手vt.处理；操纵★linkvt.&n.连接；联系★announcevt.宣布；通知★instructvt.命令；指示；教导★constructvt.建设；修建★apartfrom除……之外；此外★positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的★(be)strictwith...对……严格的★makesense讲得通；有意义★enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的★cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的★rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛★conclusionn.结论；结束★physiciann.医生；内科医师★constructionn.建设；建筑物★movementn.移动；运动；动作一、重点单词需牢记1.concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出concludesth.withsth./bydoingsth.以……结束concludesth.(fromsth.)that...(从……)推断出，断定Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。conclusionn.结论；结束draw/reach/arriveat/etoaconclusion得出结论etotheconclusionthat...所得结论是……inconclusion最后I'veetotheconclusionthatheisnottherightpersonforthejob.我断定他不适合做这项工作。2.defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫；使(计划、希望)落空n.失败I'vetriedtosolvetheproblem,butitdefeatsme!我想解决这问题，但却被难倒了。defeat，beat，win与overedefeat和beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜，打败(对手)”，后接竞争对手。如defeat/beatthepetitor/thecountry/theteam...打败对手/国家/团队……；win也表示“战胜，赢得”，但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词，winarace/abattle/awar/ascholarship/aprize/amedal/success/friendship/reward...赢得比赛/战役/战争/奖学金/奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/奖赏……overe意为“克服，战胜”，既可用于战斗或任何竞赛，又可用于感情、习惯等方面，强调压倒或胜过。3.attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加attendschool/college上学/大学attendalecture/meeting听讲座/出席会议attendawedding/ceremony出席婚礼/参加典礼attendto处理；照顾Whichdoctorisattendingyou?哪个医生为你看病？Hehastoattend(on)hissickson.他不得不照顾生病的儿子。Hehasagreatdealtoattendtotoday.他今天有许多事要处理。4.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光expose...to使显露；暴露exposesth.tosb.向某人揭发某事beexposedto暴露于……，处于……危险中Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.暴露在阳光下太久对皮肤有害。Thefactthatchildrenareexposedtotoomanyviolentonlinegamesworriesparentsnowadaysaswellasthesociety.②他向公众揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。Itisreportedthathe__exposed__thetruthofthemilkpoisoningincident__to__thepublic.孩子们接触到太多的暴力网络游戏，这一事实使现在的家长和社会尤为担心。5.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战accept/take/faceachallenge应战meetthechallenge满足要求；完成任务challengesb.todosth.向某人挑战做某事HereceivedachallengetoaTVdebate.他接到电视辩论的挑战。Nowadaysnoonewillchallengethefactthattheearthisround.现在没有人会对地球是圆的这一事实提出异议。challengingadj.具有挑战性的；激发人们思考的challengedadj.受到挑战的6.absorbvt.吸收；吸引；使专心；理解，掌握absorbsth.(into...)吸收……absorboneselfin(＝beabsorbedin)全神贯注于……Thebankswouldbeforcedtoabsorblargelosses. 银行将被迫承受巨大的损失。Ikeepthelessonsimplebecausesmallkidscan'tabsorbthatmuch.我把课讲得很简单，因为小孩子理解不了那么多。absorbedadj.聚精会神的；专心致志的beabsorbedby/into...被……吞并；被……所吸收beabsorbed/buriedin全神贯注于；专心于Youcouldtellhewasabsorbedinhisconversation,notpayingmuchattentiontotheroad.可以看出，他当时光顾着说话而没有注意到路上的情况。7.blamevt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n.过失；责备blamesb.forsth.因某事而责备某人blamesth.onsb.把某事怪到某人头上betoblame(for...)应承担责任；该受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)get/accept/bear/taketheblamefor...对……负责lay/puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人身上Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.警方把事故归咎于危险驾驶。Mr.Greensaidthathewasnottheonetoblame.格林先生说他不是该受谴责的人。8.contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；引起，导致；有助于contribute...to...把……贡献给……；向……投稿contributeto＋n./v.－ing导致……；有助于……Eatingtoomuchfatcancontributetoheartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏病和高血压的发生。contributionn.贡献；捐款；稿件makeacontributionto...对……做出贡献 二、重点短语需精通1.putforward提出；推荐；把(钟表等)拨快；将……提前出Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackhole?谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.他们将婚礼日期提前了一周。表示“提出”的及物短语有eupwith和bringup，不及物短语有eup。putaside把……放在一边；储存……以备用；不考虑putaway把……放好；储存……以备用；处理掉putdown放下；评定；制止；卸下；降低putoff推迟；阻止；脱掉；使分心；关掉puton把……放在……上；穿上；装出；增加；上演putout放出；生产；发布；熄灭；困扰；麻烦putup举起；进行；建造；接待；张贴；暂住putupwith/bear/stand/tolerate容忍；忍受putthrough接通；完成；使经受putin插话；添上2.link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来linkAto/withB把A与B相连linkup连接起来link，join，connect，bine与unitelink指不同事物间的联系。常用belinkedwith。join指的是任何事物的直接连接，有“还能分开”之意。connect指的是通过某种媒介物把事物连接起来。bine着重指为了共同的目的而结合在一起。unite强调紧密地结合成一体，含“极难分开”之意。3.apartfrom除……之外；此外Apartfromtheregularhousing，almosteverytribehadsomestyleofhousing.除了常规的房舍，每个部落都有自己的一些建筑风格。Apartfromcriminalinvestigationtechniques,studentslearnforensicmedicine,philosophyandlogic. 除罪案调查技巧外，学生们还要学习法医学、哲学和逻辑学。Theroomwasemptyapartfromonemanseatedbesidethefire.除了有个男人坐在火炉边，房间里空荡荡的。★besides意为“除了……之外，还有……”，指“在整体中加入一部分”；★except指从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分；★exceptfor指对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用；表示非同类事物间进行比较；置于句首，④姑且不论价格，这件衣服不适合我。__Apart__from/Besides/In__addition__to__thecost,thedressdoesn'tsuitme.⑤除了封面破了，它是本好书。Itisagoodbook,apart__from/except__for__thetorncover.表达except的含义；★apartfrom既可表示besides，也可以表示except或exceptfor，还可以表示without的意思；★but相当于except，但常用在不定代词或疑问词后；★inaddition相当于副词besides，表示“另外”；inadditionto相当于介词besides。4.makesense讲得通；有意义Itmakessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.在失控前尽力解决这个问题，这么做是明智的。makesenseof理解，明白makenosense没道理，没意义Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做……没道理inasense在某一方面；就某种意义来说innosense决不Onlywhenyoureadbetweenthelinesseveraltimescanyoumakesenseofthemainideaofthispassage.只有当你反复阅读字里行间的意思时才能理解这篇文章的大意。 三、重点句式能熟用1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。everytime是名词词组用作连词，引导一个时间状语从句，相当于whenever,意思是“每当……的时候”。Everytime/Eachtimetheymet,theywouldtalklonghourstogether.他们每次见面都会交谈很长时间。(1)名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：eachtime,anytime，thelasttime，nexttime，thefirsttime，themoment，thesecond，theminute，thehour，theday等。(2)有些副词，如directly，instantly，immediately也可引导状语从句，表示“一……就……”。Inapinstripedsuitheinstantlylookedlikeastuffedshirt. 穿上一套细条纹西装后，他马上就显得一本正经起来。2.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有把太阳放在中心位置上，太空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。这是一个倒装句。“only＋状语从句”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Onlyifyoumasteruniqueskillscanyougetclosetothesecreaturesandcatchthem.只有掌握了绝招，你才可以靠近这些动物，捉住他们。onlyif只要，只有，通常引导陈述语气的真实条件句，是必要条件ifonly但愿，要是……就好了，常引导虚拟语气的条件句、感叹句四、话题写作多积累训练二十一：写组图——记叙文类组图通常是给出一组图片，这组图片按照先后顺序呈现一件事情发生的过程，考生需要按照所给组图的先后顺序来描述事情发生的整个经过，中间可以适当发表个人观点和想法。第一步：明确写作任务。组图记叙类文章的体裁肯定是记叙文，而记叙文在写作中需要准确交代五个W和一个H，即What,Who,When,Where,Why,How。第二步：灵活安排写作顺序。记叙文的写作通常是按照事情发展的先后顺序来推进，但有时也可以采用倒叙、插叙等方式来进行写作。第三步：合理选择人称。一般来说，英语记叙文都是采用第一人称或第三人称来进行叙述。当作者把自己看作是整个事件的“参与者”，便可以采用第一人称进行叙述；第三人称则是作者从“旁观者”的角度出发来展开叙述。这样的叙述往往可以让人感觉到内容的客观性和真实性。对于重大事件的报道或者叙述他人的事迹时，往往采用第三人称。第四步：准确把握时态。记叙文通常采用一般过去时等与过去相关的时态，这也是近几年高考写作真题的特点。第一段：Thestorytookplace(时间和地点)________．第二段：事件起因(要点一/图片一的内容)________、事件发展(要点二、三……/图片二、三……的内容)________、事件结局(最后一个要点/最后一张图片的内容)________．第三段：Fromthestory,Ifeel(自己的看法或感想)________.【例1】完成句子①从这些事实中你得出什么结论？__What__doyou__conclude__from__thefacts?②他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束他的演讲。He__concluded__his__speech__with__afamoussaying：Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.③最后，我想向我的家人表示感谢。__In__conclusion,__I'dliketoexpressmythankstomyfamily.concludeby/with以……结束concludebyremarking结束时说concludefromexperience根据经验得出结论concludefromthefact从事实中得出结论，根据事实推断【例2】用beat、defeat、overe或者win的适当形式填空①Bynotworkinghardenoughyou__defeated__yourownpurpose.②Wehavethecourageto__overe__difficulties.③Whois__beating__thedrum?④He__won__thefirstprizeinthewritingcontest.⑤Whenhe__was__defeated,__hecamedowntoearth.【例3】完成句子①他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。He'sfamousinthisfield,andthousandsoffanswill__attend__his__lecture__thisevening.②稍后我们将关注这个问题。We'll__attend__to__theproblemlater.【例4】(1)使用恰当的介词填空①当面对危险和冲突时，人们往往血压升高，感到紧张或焦虑。When__exposed__todangerandconflict,mentendtoincreasebloodpressure,feelingnervousandanxious.【例5】用challenge的恰当形式填空①老师给了我们一个具有挑战性的任务。我觉得自己受到了挑战。但是我相信自己能战胜这次挑战。Theteachergaveusa__challenging__task.Ifeelmyself__challenged__butIbelieveIcandefeatthe__challenge__.②It'sreally__a__challenge__forateenagertostudyabroadafterhighschool.【例6】使用恰当的介词填空①该物质可以吸收地球向外辐射的能量。Thematerialcanabsorboutward－goingradiation__from__theEarth.②这位年轻作家在她的书房里一连十几个小时专心思考和创作她的新小说。pletelyabsorbed__in__hernewnovel,theyoungwriterkeptthinkingandwritingforadozenhoursinherstudy.③由于受全球金融危机的影响，大多数小店已被并入大公司。Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbed__into__bigbusinessesduetotheinfluenceoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.【例7】同义句转换那位醉酒司机应该承担交通事故责任。Thedrunkdrivershouldtaketheblameforthetrafficaccident.＝Thedrunkdrivershould____be__to__blame__forthetrafficaccident.＝Weshould__put__the__blame__for__thetrafficaccidentonthedrunkdriver.＝Weshouldblamethedrunkdriver__for__thetrafficaccident.【例8】用所给词的适当形式填空①我相信你的建议一定有助于问题的解决。I'msureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto__solving__(solve)theproblem.②政府应为那位工程师对这座城市的发展所做出的贡献给予他荣誉。Thegovernmentshouldhonortheengineerforthe__contribution__(contribute)hehasmadetothecity'sdevelopment.【例1】完成句子①我易于接受电视上专家所提出的观点。Itendtoacceptanyideaput__forward__byexpertsonTV.②存些钱养老是明智的做法。Itiswisetohavesomemoneyput__away/aside__foroldage.③几年来已有好几个类似理论相继提出。Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward__． ④我可以忍受房间乱点儿，但我讨厌它不干净。Icanput__up__with__thehousebeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean.⑤那所教师培训学院为该学院的创立者立了一块纪念牌匾。Theteachertrainingcollegeput__up__aplaquetothecollege'sfounder. 【例2】使用恰当的介词填空①请把这根竿子和那根竿子接起来。Pleasejointhispole__to__thatone.②这班飞机在纽约可接上另一趟航班。Thisflightconnects__with__NewYorkone.③我们应该理论联系实际。Weshouldbinetheory__with__practice.④这条公路连接着上海和北京。ThehighwaylinksShanghai__to/with__Beijing.【例3】使用恰当的介词填空①我觉得她不但长得非常漂亮，而且还有很多优秀品质。Ithinkshehasmanygoodqualities__besides__beingverybeautiful. ②除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。Thesnow,__except__whereitdrifted,wasonlycalf－deep.③我把所有东西都卖了，只剩下汽车和书。IsoldeverythingIowned__except__for__mycarandmybooks.【例4】完成句子①提前这么久做计划没有意义。Planningsofarahead__makes__no__sense__．②如果我们打算以后把门换掉，那我给它上漆就毫无意义了。__There__is__no__sense__inmypaintingthedoorifwe'regoingtoreplaceitlater.③决不能允许人们猎杀野生动物以获取它们的肉或皮毛。__In__no__sense__arepeopleallowedtohuntwildanimalsfortheirmeatorfur.【例1】完成句子填空①不要一有问题就跑来向我哭诉。Don'tebleatingtome__every__time__somethinggoeswrong. ②下次你来北京，务必要提前告诉我。__Next__time__youetoBeijing,besuretoletmeknowinadvance.③见到他的那一刻，我就知道发生了什么事。__The__moment__Isawhim,Iknewwhathadhappened.④我一做完那件事就对自己感到十分厌恶。__Immediately__I'vedoneitIfeelpletelydisgustedwithmyself.【例2】完成句子①一个人只有离开家时，才会意识到家的温暖。__Only__when__oneisawayfromhomedoesherealizehownicehishomeis.②只有努力学习，你才会通过考试。__Only__if__youstudyhardwillyoupasstheexam.③要是他驾驶得没有那么快就好了！__If__only__hehadn'tdrivensofast!(2017北京市朝阳区高三下第二次综测)假设你是红星中学高三(1)班学生李华。上周六你和同学骑共享单车去购书时看到某些不文明现象。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“OurMeaningfulWork”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍事情的整个过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：共享单车sharedbicycleOurMeaningfulWorkLastSaturdaymyclassmatesandIdidsomemeaningfulworkaswewenttobuybooks.ThatafternoonwerodesharedbicyclestoBeijingBookBuildingasplanned.Everyonewasexcited,enjoyingtheconveniencebroughtaboutbythesharedbicycles.However,somethingunexpectedhappenedonarrival.Wenoticedthesharedbicyclesparkedhereandthere,blockingthewayofthepassersby.Oneofmyclassmatesproposedplacingtheminorder,sowegotdowntoworkimmediately.Ittookusabouttwentyminutestofinishthework.Seeingthetidilyarrangedbicycles,weallfeltdelighted.Wealsoreceivedhighpraiseforwhatwehaddone.Theexperiencecausedmyconcernaboutsharedbicycles.Ithinkweshouldputtheminplaceafterusingthem,whichnotonlybringsusneatandtidyenvironment,butalsoreflectsqualitiesofagoodcitizen.学生要采用第一人称来写作，写出活动的内容，并发表自己的感受，要适当运用高级句型和词汇，恰当使用连接词。考向一在语法填空中设题(2017全国卷Ⅱ)TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost________(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite－paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【答案】successful考查形容词。最成功的地铁之一。根据前面的wasoneofthemost可知，此处要用形容词形式。有些同学可能会误填successes。themost为最高级，不可修饰名词，因为后面有lines，此处successful后面的lines省略了。考向二在阅读理解中考查“了不起的人”(2016全国卷Ⅱ，D)AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst－ratephoto－journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,underfreezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEndurance,asmall,tight,Norwegian－builtthree－masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall,tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourpanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell－researchedstoryTheEndurance,adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlymercialeffort.Scott'slastjourney,pletedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger,caughttheworld'simagination,andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton,aonetimeBritishmerchant－navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.1.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A.Theyweremadelastweek.B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.2.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A.FrankHurley.B.ErnestShackleton.C.RobertFalconScott.D.CarolineAlexander.3.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A.Artisticcreation.B.Scientificresearch.C.Moneymaking.D.Treasurehunting. 【语篇解读】1912年，挪威探险家RobertFalconScott登上了南极，但却在返回途中与四名同伴一起不幸遇难。另一位探险家SirErnestShackleton雇请了一名摄影师随行，决心要重新登顶南极，却也不幸遭遇海难，幸运的是，这些被冰封的照片留存了下来，向我们讲述了那一次失败的探险。1.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海难),byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival可知，FrankHurley所拍摄的照片历经了一次海难保存了下来，故选D项。2.C细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912以及最后一段中Scott'slastjourney,pletedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger,caughttheworld'sattention可知，CaptainScott是第一个登顶南极的人，故选C项。3.C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的第一句AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell－researchedstoryTheEndurance,adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlymercialeffort可知，Alexander认为，Scott那个时代的探险是纯商业性质的，即目的都是为了赚钱，故应该选C项。计策1：oneofthemost是最高级的线索计策2：修饰newlines用形容词计策1：理清同一事件中的“参与者”计策2：比较“共同经历”者们在事件中的“异同点”计策3：看题干，带着问题读文章首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。计策4：逻辑推理，做好深层理解题在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。一、词汇拓展1.charactern.特征；人物→__characteristic__n.特征；特性2.paintvt.绘画→__painter__n.画家；油漆匠→__painting__n.画作3.sciencen.科学的→__scientific__adj.科学的4.concludevt.&vi.结束；推断出→__conclusion__n.结论；结束5.analysevt.分析→__analysis__n.分析6.attendvt.照顾；护理；出席；参加→__attendant__n.出席者7.physicsn.物理→__physician__n.医生；内科医师→__physicist__n.物理学家8.exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→__exposed__adj.暴露的9.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→__challenging__adj.有挑战性的10.severeadj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的→__severely__adv.严重地11.pollutevt.污染；弄脏→__pollution__n.污染12.announcevt.宣布；通知→__announcement__n.宣布；通知13.instructvt.命令；指示；教导→__instruction__n.命令；指示；教导14.constructvt.建设；修建→__construction__n.建设；建筑物→__constructive__adj.有建设性的15.contributevt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→__contribution__n.捐献；贡献；捐助16.positiveadj.积极的；肯定的；确实的→__positively__adv.积极地17.movev.移动→__movement__n.移动；运动；动作18.enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→__enthusiasm__n.热情19.cautionn.小心；谨慎→__cautious__adj.小心的；谨慎的20.rejectvt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→__rejection__n.拒绝21.universen.宇宙；世界→__universal__adj.宇宙的二、单句语法填空1.Takecarenottokeepyourchildren__exposed__(expose)tobadbooks,putergamesorwebsites.2.Don'talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Sometimesyouyourselfare__to__blame__(blame)．3.Thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight.Thepolicearenowlooking__into__thematter.4.Afterafortnight's__treatment__(treat),thedoctorsuccessfullycuredme__of__myheadache.5.Ifoundhewaspletely__absorbed__(absorb)inthehumorousstorieshewasreading.6.—Couldyoupleasehelpmewiththisproblem?—Certainly.Firstofall,let's__analyze__(analysis)theproblemandseewherewentwrong.7.Oldasheis,hegetsmygrandsonto__instruct__(instruction)himonhowtoemailandusetheInternet.8.Theysuspectedhim__of__killingthegirlbutfoundnoevidenceyet.9.Manycancervictimscanbe__cured__(cure)ifthediseaseisfoundearlyenough.10.Attheendoftheirmeeting,itwas__announced__(announce)thatanagreementhadbeenreached.11.Kelleris__cautious__(caution)aboutmakingpredictionsforthesuccessoftheprogram.12.—Excuseme,canIput__forward__mysuggestion?—Goahead.三、完成句子1.—Whyishefeelingdowntoday?—Becausethesuggestionhe__put__forward__(提出)hasbeenturneddown.2.We'dbetterputforward提出；将……提前；向前移；将钟拨快putforwardto提出discusstheissueindetailbeforewe__draw__a__conclusion__(得出结论).3.__Apart__from__a__few__faults__(除了有几个缺点外),heisafaithfulfriend.4.Iwrotealetterofplaint,andthemanagerhaspromisedto__look__into__(调查)thematter.makesenseof理解，明白5.Idon'tthinkit__makes__sense__(有意义)tofocusonlyonprovidingbasicservices.6.Itisnotthechildbuthisparentswho__are__to__blame__(应受责备)fo