2024-2025学年高中英语Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课时作业2含解析新人教版必修3

Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课时作业14Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．More________(violence)scenesinthefilmwerecutwhenitwasshownontelevision.2．Itisgenerallyacceptedthatsmokingis________(harm)toourhealth.3．Marywasreadingapoemwitha________(puzzle)expressiononherface.Itsdeepermeaningremaineda________(puzzle)forher.4．Onedaywhilewewere________(lie)inthebed,myson________(lie)tomethathe________(lay)theeggsthatthehenhadjust________(lay)onthetable.5．________(like)mostpeopleintheofficewhocometoworkbycar,Iusuallycometoworkbybus.6．Someunderstandingofgrammarisfundamental________learningalanguage.7．AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.8．Cindydidn'tleavetheofficelastnight________shefinishedherjob.9．Thecustomers________(multiply)theirdemandsonthiskindofproductsinthepasttwoyears.10．Whilewe'redevelopingagricultureandindustry,wemustpreventtheearthfrom________(pollute)．答案1．violent2.harmful3.puzzled;puzzle4．lying;lied;laid;laid5.Unlike6.to7.it8.until9．havemultiplied10.beingpollutedⅡ.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空doharmto,givebirthto,layeggs,intime,inone'sturn,prevent...from...1．Thewarmweatherherepermitsthebirdsto______________allyearround.2．Theotherdaymypetcat______________anewlittlecat.3．Thereexistmanyfactoriesalongtheriver,someofwhich______________theenvironment.4．Wesuggestthattheyprovideaneffectivewarningsystemto________mostofthedisasters________happening.5．Westudentscleantheclassroomeveryday____________.6．Workhardatyourlessons,andyouaresuretomakeprogress____________.答案1．layeggs2.gavebirthto3.doharmto4.prevent;from5．inourturn6.intimeⅠ.完形填空OncemymothertoldmeastorythatinAfrica,whenanantelope(羚羊)wakesupeverymorning,thefirstthingitthinksaboutis,“Imustbe__1__torunfasterthanthefastestlion,orIwillbekilled.”__2__，alionwakesfromitsdream.Thefirstthingthelionthinksaboutis,“Imustbeabletocatchthe__3__antelope,orIwillstarveto__4__.”Soalmostsimultaneously(同时地),theantelopeandtheliongetupandstartrunningtowardsthe__5__sun.Thisis__6__：fullofchancesandchallenges.Whetheryouareanantelopeoralion,youmustgo__7__whenthesunrises.Forstudents,itisjustthesame.Ifwedon'tstudyhard,soonerorlater,wewill__8__theotherstudents.AtfirstIdidn'tknowwhattheword“exam”__9__.Later,Iknewanexamwasakindof__10__.Incompetitions,therearealwayswinnersand__11__.AsIgrewup,Igottoknowcompetitionwell.Inone'slife,theremustbecompetitions,sopeoplecan__12__.EachtimeIsawchildrenplayinggamesandheardtheir__13__，IwishedIwerethatageagain.__14__，Irememberedmyparents'words:youmustworkveryhardforagoodfuture.SoI__15__mypenandbegantostudyhardagain.Iwasstillnotsurewhatcompetition__16__meant.Oneday,Iwas__17__inanEnglish­speakingcompetition.WhenIwenttothestage,Isawotherstudentslookingatmekindly.SuddenlyI__18__whatcompetitionwas.Itisnotascruelasmyteachersandparentstoldme.Infact,competitionisthe__19__：itiskindandnecessary.Ilearnedalotfromrealizingthis__20__.NowIunderstandbetterabouttheworld.Competitionisimportantforusall.1．A.able B．willingC．ready D．eager2．A.Onthecontrary B．AtthesametimeC．Inotherwords D．Inthefirstplace3．A.fastest B．weakestC．slowest D．strongest4．A.death B．survivalC．disease D．suffering5．A.sinking B．settingC．shining D．rising6．A.rule B．lifeC．study D．exam7．A.over B．throughC．ahead D．beyond8．A.fallbehind B．passbyC．catchup D．holdback9．A.felt B．meantC．referred D．doubted10．A.victory B．defeatC．process D．competition11．Apetitor B．playersC．losers D．fighters12．A.improve B．concludeC．acquire D．handle13．A.crying B．laughterC．whisper D．delight14．A.However B．ThereforeC．Besides D．Otherwise15．A.putup B．broughtupC．madeup D．pickedup16．Amonly B．simplyC．obviously D．really17．A.succeeding B．participatingC．taking D．getting18．A.doubted B．acknowledgedC．knew D．admitted19．A.tough B．importantC．content D．opposite20．A.experience B．knowledgeC．fact D．consequence答案与解析本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过狮子和羚羊的故事告知我们：在生活中要英勇面对挑战，努力为将来奋斗。同时还通过自己的经验说明了考试和竞争的意义。1．A“我”肯定要能够跑得比最快的狮子还要快。able有实力的；willing情愿的；ready有打算的；eager急迫的。故选A。2．B同时狮子从梦中醒来。onthecontrary相反；atthesametime同时；inotherwords换句话说；inthefirstplace首先。故选B。3．C狮子认为“我”肯定要比跑得最慢的羚羊要快，否则就会被饿死。fastest最快的；weakest最弱的；slowest最慢的；strongest最强壮的。故选C。4．A狮子认为肯定要比跑得最慢的羚羊要快，否则就会被饿死。death死亡；survival幸存；disease疾病；suffering苦难。故选A。5．D这里指狮子和羚羊都朝着升起的太阳奔跑。sink下沉；set落下；shine闪耀；rise升起。故选D。6．B本文用狮子和羚羊的故事来比方生活中的竞争。rule规则；life生活；study学习；exam考试。故选B。7．C当太阳升起的时候，我们肯定要奔跑起来。over在……之上；through通过；ahead提前；beyond超出。故选C。8．A假如我们不努力我们就会落后。fallbehind落后；passby经过；catchup赶上；holdback抑制。故选A。9．B“我”不知道考试这个单词的真正意思。feel感觉；mean意思是；refer指，涉及；doubt怀疑。故选B。10．D考试是一种竞争。victory成功；defeat击败；process过程；competition竞争。故选D。11．C既然是竞争，就会有成功者和失败者。competitor竞争者；player选手；loser失败者；fighter奋斗者，战士。故选C。12．A在我们的生活里，肯定要有竞争，我们才能提高。improve提高；conclude结束；acquire获得；handle处理。故选A。13．B每次我看到孩子们玩嬉戏，听到他们的笑声，我就希望我能回到那个年龄。crying哭泣；laughter笑声；whisper低声说话；delight兴奋。故选B。14．A然而，“我”记得父母的话：你必需要努力，以便有一个美妙的将来。however然而；therefore所以；besides另外；otherwise否则。故选A。15．D“我”就拿起了笔，接着学习。putup留宿；bringup抚养；makeup化妆；pickup拿起。故选D。16．D“我”并不确定竞争真正的意思是什么。commonly一般地；simply简洁地；obviously明显地；really真正地。故选D。17．B“我”在参与一个英语演讲竞赛。succeed成功；participate参与；take拿；get获得。故选B。18．C就在这个时候“我”才知道竞争的意思。doubt怀疑；acknowledge承认；know知道；admit承认。故选C。19．D竞争的真正含义和父母、老师说的是不一样的。theopposite相反的事物。tough难的；important重要的；content满足的；opposite相反的。故选D。20．C“我”从这个事实中学会了许多的道理。experience阅历；knowledge学问；fact事实；consequence结果。故选C。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面短文，依据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Onceuponatime,twobrotherswholivedonneighbouringfarmsfellintoconflict.Itwasthefirstseriousdisagreementinfortyyearsoffarmingsidebyside,sharingmachinery,andtradinglabourandgoodsasneededwithoutahitch.Thenthelongcooperationfell_apart.Itbeganwithasmallmisunderstandingandthengrewintoamajordifference,andfinallyitexplodedintoanexchangeofbitterwordsfollowedbyweeksofsilence.Onemorning,therewasaknockonJohn'sdoor.Heopenedittofindamanwithacarpenter'stoolbox.“I'mlookingforafewdays'work，”hesaid.“Perhapsyouhaveafewjobshereandthere.CouldIhelpyou？”“Yes，”saidJohn.“Idohaveajobforyou.Lookacrossthesmallcreekatthatfarm.That'smyneighbor.Infact,it'smyyounger_brother.Lastweektherewasameadowbetweenusandhetookhisbulldozer(推土机)thereandnowthereisacreekbetweenus.Well,hemayhavedonethistoannoymebutI'lldobetter.Seethatpileofwoodbythebarn(谷仓)?Iwantyoutobuildafence—an8­foot­highfence—soIwon'tneedtoseehisplaceanymore.”Thecarpentersaid,“IthinkIunderstandthesituation.Showmethenailsandhole­diggerandI'llbeabletodoajobthatpleasesyou.”Theolderbrotherhadtogotothetownforsupplies,sohehelpedthe_carpentergeteverythingreadyandthenheleft.Thecarpenterworked_hardallthatdaymeasuring,sawingandnailing.AtsunsetwhenJohnreturned,thecarpenterhadjustfinishedhisjob.John'seyesopenedwide,hisjawdropped.留意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．至少运用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所运用的关键词语。Paragraph1：Therewasnofenceatall.Itwasabridge！___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2：Theyturnedtoseethecarpenterliftthetoolboxontohisshoulder.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________范文Paragraph1：Therewasnofenceatall.Itwasabridge!Abridge