2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（阅读理解）：人与社会（10题）VIP

第1页（共1页）2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（阅读理解）：人与社会（10题）一．阅读理解（共10小题）1．（2024•突泉县一模）AccordingtoUNESCO，alargenumberofchildreninvillagesinsomeAfricancountrieslikeKenyaandTanzaniadonotgotoschool.Theyhavetoworktomakemoneyfortheirfamily.Andmorethanhalfofpeopleinthesecountrieslivewithoutelectricity.Acompanyisnowworkingtosolvebothoftheseproblems.Ithascreatedaspecialsolar（大阳的）powerstation，whichisintheshapeofacow，called"SolarCow".ThecompanyencouragesparentsinthosepoorvillagestosendtheirchildrentoschoolbysettingupSolarCowsatschools.Justasitsnamesuggests，theSolarCowcanchargebatteries（给电池充电）called"SolarMilks".TheSolarMilksprovideelectricityforthefamilies.ThebatteriescanonlybechargedusingtheSolarCow，sochildrenhavetogotoschooltogettheelectricity.Everyday，childrenputtheirbatteriesintothebottomoftheirschool'sSolarCow.Theygotoclasswhilethebatteriesarebeingcharged.Attheendoftheday，theytakethechargedbatterieshome.Eachfully﹣chargedSolarMilkbatterycanchargeamobilephonethreeorfourtimes，oraradioonceortwice.Thebatteryisalsoaflashlight，anditcanprovidetenhoursoflight."Myfatherusedtotraveltwotothreehourstothechargingshoptochargehisphone，anditcostalot，"aboysaid."Butnow，hecanusethebatteryIbringfromschooltochargehisphoneathome."Since2018，thiscompanyhassetuptwoSolarCowsinKenyaandoneinTanzania.ThecompanyalsostartedtoraisemoneyformoreSolarCowstohelpthepoorchildreninAfrica.（1）WhatisaSolarCow？A．Ananimalwhichcanproducemilk.B．Asolarbatteryintheshapeofacow.C．Amobilephoneintheshapeofacow.D．Asolarpowerstationintheshapeofacow.（2）Howdoesthecompanyencouragetheparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool？A．Bygivingthemmoney.B．BysettingupSolarCowsatschools.C．Byofferingthemcows.D．Bybuildingsomeschoolsinthevillages.（3）Whatisthecorrectorderforchildrentogettheelectricityfortheirfamilies？a.Childrengotoschoolwithbatteries.b.Childrentakethechargedbatterieshome.c.Childrenhaveclasseswhilethebatteriesarebeingcharged.d.Childrenputthebatteriesintothebottomoftheirschool'sSolarCow.A．a﹣d﹣c﹣bB．a﹣c﹣d﹣bC．b﹣d﹣c﹣aD．b﹣a﹣c﹣d（4）Whatcaneachfully﹣chargedSolarMilkbatterydo？A．Itcanchargearadiothreeorfourtimes.B．ItcanprovideelectricityforaSolarCow.C．Itcanprovidetenhoursoflightasaflashlight.D．Itcanchargeamobilephonesevenoreighttimes.（5）Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout？A．SolarCowshaveprovidedelectricityfortheschools.B．SomeAfricanchildrendon'tgotoschoolbecausetheyhavetowork.C．MorethanhalfofpeopleinKenyaandTanzanialivewithoutelectricity.D．SolarCowsaresolvingtwoproblemsatthesametimeinsomeAfricancountries.2．（2024•常州模拟）Withtherapiddevelopmentofwirelesstechnologies，theFifthGeneration（5G）mobilecommunicationsystemstartedtocome.Althoughthedevelopmentof5Gnetworktechnologyintheinternationalcommunityisstillintheresearchstage，anumberofforeigncountriesandorganizationsareworkingonit.Chinastartedlateinnetworktechnologies.Inordertocatchupwiththetimes，Chinaalsoneedstohaveitsownplaceinsuchacompetitiveenvironment.TherearesomequickchangesinChina'stelecomspace.Withthe4Gnetworknowwidelyused，Chinaisnowpreparingtoenter5Gage.Chinahasstartedresearchanddevelopmentonthe5Gnetworkandplanstofinishthenetworktestingbyaround2019.It'sexpectedthatjustonestandard（标准）willbeusedglobally（全球的）withthe5Gtechnology."Undertheidenticalstandard，differentcompaniescanbeconnected，andformacompetitive（竞争的）environment.Therefore，wecanmakesurethatcompaniescangainreasonableprofits（利润），andatthesametimeprovidefaster，better，moreconvenientandcheaperservicestopeople，"WuKu，DirectorofDept.ofScience&Tech.，MIITsaid.WuHequanfromChineseAcademyofEngineeringsaid，"5Gwillmakeitpossibletoconnectonemilliondevices（装置）totheso﹣calledInternetofThingswithinonesquaremeter.Inthefuture，itwillalsobeusedonhigh﹣speedtrainsmovingasfastas500kilometersperhour.IntheareaoftheInternetofVehicles（汽车），itcanbeusedinunmanned（无人驾驶的）vehicles，assisted（辅助的）drivingandthemanagementofsmartcities."WuHequanbelievesChina'sfutureInternetwillbefaster，moreintelligentandsafer.Chinesegovernmentpaysmoreattentiontothedevelopmentof5Gandismoreopentoit.Withthesharedeffortoftheindustry，Chinawillplayanincreasingimportantroleintheglobal5Gdevelopment.（1）Thefirstparagraphmainlywantstotellus.A．what5GnetworktechnologymeansB．thereasonwhyweneed5GnetworktechnologyC．thefactthatChinastartedlatein5GnetworktechnologyD．thefactthat5Gnetworktechnologyisgood（2）InWuKu'sopinion，shouldbeusedgloballywiththe5Gtechnology.A．thenetworktestingB．cheaperservicesC．justonestandardD．unmannedvehicles（3）Afterreadingthepassage，wecaninferthat.A．Chinawilluse5GnetworktechnologyintransportB．Chinahasalreadyenteredthe5GagecompletelyC．Chinesegovernmentdidn'tpayattentiontothedevelopmentof5GbeforeD．ChinaisNo.1in5Gnetworktechnology3．（2024•西青区一模）AustraliaisafamousOceancountry.Thecountryisfamousforitswoolproductionandseashoretour.Astheclimatethereiswarmandcomfortable.Manypeoplespendvacationsthereeveryyear.I'masuperfanofwaterentertainment，soIchooseitasmydestination（目的地）.InAustralia，theskyisbluerthanblue，thecloudsarewhiterthanwhite，andallthelocalpeopleenjoyanoptimistic（乐观的）andactivelife.Theyalsoshowtheirkindnessandfriendlinesstothetourists.ThefirststopshouldbetheSydneyOperaHousethatisamongthemostbrilliantandsplendid（壮观的）architecturesintheworld.Manyworld﹣classplaysareputoninit.Thesurfaceandshapeonitislikeaseashellwithwonderfuldecorationsinside.ThenMelbourneisagoodchoicetobethenextstop.InMelbourne，skincreamisamusttotakewithyouasthesunshinemayburnyourskin.ThemostattractivethingtomeistheAustraliaOpen，whichisoneofthebiggestworld﹣classtenniscompetitions.ManygreatplayerssuchasRoddickFedereranditslocalplayerHewittetc.gathertocompete.Australiaisalsohometooneofthemostchallengingandexcitingsurfinganddivingprojects.Asweknow，itisalwayscalled"acountryridingonthebackofsheep".Fromtheinterestingsaying，wecanknowsomethingabouttherichwool﹣productioncountry.Ifyouloveanimals，kangaroosandKoalasareagoodchoicetoyou.Sodon'tforgetAustraliaifyouplanatrip.（1）WhatisAustraliafamousfor？A．Itsoceanandwoolproduction.B．Itswoolproductionandseashoretour.C．Itsseashoretourandclimate.D．Itsclimateandwaterentertainment.（2）WhatareAustralianslike？A．Optimisticandactive.B．Brilliantandsplendid.C．Kindandfriendly.D．Attractiveandfamous.（3）Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"architecture"？A．景点B．建筑C．项目D．站点（4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTright？A．Skincreamcanprotectyourskinfromthesunshine.B．TheSydneyOperaHouseisagoodplacetovisit.C．Thewriterlikeswaterentertainmentverymuch.D．Australianslikeridingonthebackofthesheep.（5）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？A．Australiansenjoyanoptimisticandactivelife.B．AustraliaisafamousOceancountry.C．Australiaisagoodchoiceforyourtrip.D．Australiahasmanystopsandcompetitions.4．（2024•漳州模拟）Bookstoresaresecondhomesforreaders.Althoughmanypeoplecannowbuybooksonline，manyreadersstilllikethefeelinginbookstores.Theycantouchthebooksandsmelltheprint.InChina，therearemanyspecialbookstores.SanlianTaofenBookstorebecamethefirst24﹣hourbookstoreinBeijingatthebeginningofApril.PopularHoldingsinShanghaiisafilm﹣themedbookstore.Ithasfilmbooksandposters.EsliteBookstoreinTaiwanoftenhasactivitiesliketalkswithfamouswriters.Atthesametime，bookstoresoutsideChinacanbeverycolorful，too.ScarthinBooksisasmallbookstoreintheUK.Itsellsnewandsecond﹣handbooks.Therearemorethan100，000bookslyingontheshelvesofthestore's12rooms.Bart'sBooksintheUSisagoodplacetoenjoythesunshinewhilereadingbooks.It'sanoutdoorbookstore.Bookshelvesareonthestreet.Whenthestoreisclosed，peoplecanstillbuybooks.Theyjustputmoneyintothedoor'scoinbox.Wherecanyoufindacafé，barandbookstoreinjustoneplace？TheanswerisprobablyElPenduloinMexico.Booksline（排列成行）thewallsofthestore.Onthesecondfloor，visitorscanordereverydaymealsinthecaféanddrinksfromthebar.Inordertokeepcool，therearegreenplantsandtreesinside.Doesitlooklikeapark？（1）specialbookstoresinsideChinaarementioned（提到）inthepassage.A．2B．3C．5D．6（2）ScarthinBooksis.A．a24﹣hourbookstoreB．anoutdoorbookstoreC．intheUSD．small（3）Peoplecanstillbuybooksatwhenit'sclosed.A．Bart'sBooksB．PopularHoldingsC．EsliteBookstoreD．ElPendulo（4）ReaderscanatElPendulo.A．talkwithfamouswritersB．ordermealsC．enjoythesunshineD．buyfilmposters（5）ThereareinsideElPenduloinordertokeepcool.A．12roomsB．bookshelvesC．greenplantsandtreesD．coinboxes5．（2024•麦积区模拟）Whenyoufinishhighschooloruniversity，islearningdone？Theansweris"no"．Inmanycountries，peoplecontinuelearningalltheirlives．Whyislifelonglearningimportant？Howcanithelpyou？Let'slookatoneexampleoflifelonglearninginJapan．Whyislifelonglearningimportant？Yougotoschoolandlearn．Youtaketests．Butlearningdoesn'tonlyhappeninschool．Andlearningdoesn'tstopwhenyougraduatefromhighschoolorcollege．Youarelearningallthetime．Forexample，learningcanhappenwhenyougotoamuseum．Itcanalsohappenwhenyougetajob．Youlearnwhenyouplayasportorwhenyoutakeatrip．Learningislife!Weneverstoplearning．Everyday，youcanimproveyourselfbylearningsomethingnew．LifelonglearninginJapanInJapan，lifelearningisveryimportant．PeopleinJapanliketotrynewlearningactivities．Musiccalligraphy，flowerarranging，andforeignlanguagesaresomeoftheirfavoriteclasses．TheJapanesetakeclassestoimprovetheirskillsandlearnnewthings．ConclusionWhenwegraduatefromschool，wecancontinuetolearn．Makelifelonglearningoneofyourgoals!根据短文内容，选择正确答案．（1）Whyislifelonglearningimportant？A．Ithelpsyouimproveyourself．B．It'sthebestwaytolearn．C．It'sfunandeasy．D．It'sanimportantgoal．（2）SomepeopleinJapantakeforeignlanguageclassesto．A．getajobB．learnnewthingsC．getgoodgradesD．finishcollege（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A．Learningonlyhappensinschool．B．Whenwegraduatefromschool，learningisdone．C．Youcan'tlearnanythingwhenyouplayasport．D．Music，calligraphy，flowerarrangingandforeignlanguagesarepopularclassesinJapan．（4）Whencanwelearn？A．inthehighschoolB．inthecollegeC．whenyougetajob．D．inschoolorcollege，atwork．（5）Whatisthemainideaofthereading？A．Learningcanbefun．B．Wearealwayslearninginschool．C．Finishinghighschoolisimportant．D．Peoplecanlearnalltheirlives．6．（2024•重庆模拟）Asmileshowsthatapersonishappy.Forexample，apersonmaysmilewhenheorsheispleasedwithagradeonatest.Orapersonmightsmileifafriendtoldafunnyjoke.Peoplesmileformanydifferentreasons.Butsmilesaremorethanjustawayforpeopletoshowthattheyarehappy.Thereareothergoodreasonstosmileoften.First，itiseasiertosmilethantoshowunhappiness.Infact，itonlytakes17muscles（肌肉）tosmile.Ontheotherhand，ittakes43musclestoshowunhappiness.Sogivethemusclesinyourfacearestandsmile!Second，smilesarenice.Peoplemaytrytolookniceontheoutsidebyexercisingorwearingniceclothes.However，thereisafamoussaying：asmileisthebestthingapersoncanwear.Thatisbecauseitiseasytobearoundsomeonewhoissmilingandhappy.Almostnoonewantstobearoundsomeonewhoisunhappyallthetime.Third，smilesarehelpful.Bothsmilingandlaughingcanquicklyspreadfromonepersontoanother.Ifonepersonsmiles，peoplearoundhimorherwanttosmile，too.Similarly，whenapersonlaughs，peopletendtolaughwiththem.Ifapersonissad，thebestthingtodoistoshareasmileorlaugh.Itistheeasiestandcheapestwaytocheersomeoneup.Finally，smilingandlaughingareverygoodforthebody.Evenifyouaremadorsad，trysmiling.You'llfindthatitwillbehardtostaymadorsadforverylong.（1）Inwhatsituationdoesasmileshowthatapersonishappy？A．Whenhemakes43musclesonthefaceworktogether.B．Whenheispleasedwiththegradesonthetests.C．Whenhisfriendtellshimascarystory.D．Whensomeonearoundhimissad.（2）Whichofthefollowingismentionedasareasontosmile？A．Itispolite.B．Itisquiet.C．Itisfree.D．Itiseasy.（3）Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthispassage？A．B．C．D．（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage？A．ThePowerofSmilingB．WaysofMakingPeopleHappyC．DifferentWaysofSmilingD．TheImportanceofHappiness7．（2024•常州模拟）Howcanpeopleinancienttimesdocalculations（计算）？Intheverybeginning，thecleverestthoughtofusingstonesandseashells.Then，aroundthe2ndcenturyBC，theyinventedtheabacus.Someresearchersconsidertheinventiontobetheworld'soldest"calculator".InChina，peopleusedabacusestodocalculationsquicklyforthousandsofyearsbeforeelectroniccalculatorsbecamepopular.Theabacusisusuallymadeofwood.Ithasmanybeads（珠子）.Eachbeadabovethehorizontaldivider（横向分隔竿）standsforfive，andeachbeadbelowthedividerstandsforone.Asfortheverticalrods（竖向分隔竿），eachonestandsforadifferentdigit（数位）.Therightmostisones，thesecondistens，thethirdishundreds，andsoon.Eachbeadinthecentralareahasavalue.Thoseawayfromthehorizontaldividerarereadytouse.Bymovingthebeadsupordown，onecandoallkindsofcalculations.Becauseofthis，abacuscomputationsarealsocalled"beadcomputations".Itisajoytowatchaskilledhanduseanabacus.Fingersmove，beadsknockandafterafewseconds，theresultcomesout.Itrequireslotsofpracticetousetheabacuswell.Inthepast，theuseoftheabacuswastaughtinallschools.Itwasconsideredtobeanimportantskillthateverybodyneededtopickup.Today，abacusesarenolongerwidelyused.However，wecanstillfeeltheimportantrolestheyonceplayed.Abacuseshavebecomeasymbol.Becausetheyusedtobeamust﹣haveforbusinesspeople，somehavecometobelievethatabacusescanhelptheirownersgatherwealthPeopleoftengiftanewbornagoldenabacus﹣shapedamulet.Itisbelievedthattheamuletwillhelpthekidgrowuptobecomeawealthyperson!（1）HowdidChinesepeopleinancienttimesdocalculationsquickly？A．Theyusedstonesandseashellstodocalculations.B．Theyusedelectroniccalculatorstodocalculations.C．Theyusedelectronicabacustodocalculations.D．Theyusedabacusestodocalculations.（2）Thebeadabovethehorizontaldividerisoneintherightmostverticalrods，andthebeadbelowthedividerisfourinthesecondverticalrods.Whatisthenumber？A．45B．41C．14D．15（3）Theunderlinedword"pickup"inParagraph3means""inChinese.A．捡起B．采摘C．习得D．接送（4）What'sthepassagemainlyabout？A．Whattheworld'soldest"calculator"is.B．Howpeopleusedtheabacusbefore.C．Whichgiftisthebestforanewborn.D．Whyabacuscomputationsarecalled"beadcomputations".8．（2024•石家庄模拟）OrionJeanisa10﹣year﹣oldboyfromFortWorth，Texas.Heismakingadifferenceintheworldwithhisactsofkindness.Andtheseactsmaychangethelivesofpeoplehehashelped.Itallbeganafterastudentkindnesscompetitionlastyearwherehegaveencouragingwordstoshareabouttakingthefirststep."Kindnessisavirtue（美德）wecanallhave，ifwearewillingto，"hesaid."Sowhynotstarttoday？Becauserightnow，it'swhatweneedmorethanever."Withthe＄500prizemoneyhewon，Oriongaveawaytoystoalocalchildren'shospital.Next，hehelpedprepare100，000mealsforfamiliesinTexas.Andnowhewantstogivebookstokidswhomaynothavethemandplanstocollect500，000booksinaracetokindness".KherriJean，Orion'smother，wroteonherFacebookpageonJuly31thatOrionhasalreadycollectedover120，000books."Todaywasoneofmyfavoritedays!"shesaid.Wehada'RacetoKindness'freebookfairforchildrenandtheirparents.Itwassogreatseeingkidslookingforbookstheylikeandtakingthemhome!"Andevenifhehasn'tmetthegoalof500，000books，Orionhasdonefarmoretoputbooksintothehandsofpoorchildrenthanmost."It'sallaboutmymoral（道德）responsibilitytohelppeople，"Orionsaid."Youknow，it'smyresponsibilitytobeabletoseethesepeoplewhoneedhelpknowthatIcanhelpthem."（1）WhatdidOriondointhestudentkindnesscompetitionlastyear？A．Hegavebookstootherkids.B．Hesharedhisencouragingwords.C．Hegaveawaytoystoalocalchildren'shospital.D．Hehelpedprepare100，000mealsforfamiliesinTexas.（2）HowmanybooksdoesOrionstillneedtomeethisgoalofcollectingbooks？A．300，000.B．500，000.C．120，000.D．380，000.（3）WhydoesOriontrytohelpotherpeople？A．Itishelpfulinhisgrowingupandeducation.B．Hethinksitaresponsibilityforhimtohelpthoseinneed.C．Itisanafter﹣schoolworkforstudentsinhisschool.D．Hewantstowinthestudentkindnesscompetitionagain.9．（2024•常州一模）InthefightagainstCOVID﹣19，manynationalheroeshavebecomewell﹣knowntothepublic.OnAugust11，2020，ChinesePresidentXiJinpingcommended（表彰）fourofthemfortheiroutstandingcontribution（杰出的贡献）.ZhongNanshanwasgiventheMedaloftheRepublic（共和国勋章）.HehasbeenleadingtheChinesegovernment'seffortsinthefightagainstCOVID﹣19.TheoldexpertgotaresultthatCOVID﹣19couldbespreadbetweenhumans."ThePeople'sHero"wasgiventothreeothers.TheyareZhangBoli，ZhangDingyuandChenWei.ZhangBoliisatraditionalChinesemedicine（TCM）expert.Hehasbeeninchargeof（负责）theresearchofCOVID﹣19treatments（治疗）connectingTCMwithWesternmedicine.ZhangDingyuwastheheadofWuhan'sJinyintanHospitalin2020.Hegotanillnessin2018.However，hechosetostaywithhispartnersinWuhantosavelives.ChenWeiisaprofessor.ShehasmadegreatachievementsintheresearchonCOVID﹣19.SheisalsooneofthekeyleadersinChina'sEbolavaccine（埃博拉疫苗）research.Thepurposeofgivingthenation'stophonorstothesepeoplewastoshowthegreatcourageandthespiritofworkingtogetheroftheChinesepeople.（1）Howmanypeoplewasgiven"thePeople'sHero"byChinesePresidentXiJinping？A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.（2）Whogotanillnessin2018accordingtothepassage？A．ZhongNanshan.B．ZhangBoli.C．ZhangDingyu.D．ChenWei.（3）Whichofthefollowingisrightinthepassage？A．ChenWeiistheheadofWuhan'sJinyintanHospital.B．ZhangDingyuisatraditionalChinesemedicineexpert.C．ZhongNanshangotaresultthatCOVID﹣19couldnotbespreadbetweenhumans.D．ZhangBolihasbeeninchargeoftheresearchconnectingTCMwithWesternmedicine.10．（2024•湘乡市一模）Whenhewassmall，Hillwasafamousbadboy．Attheageof9，hisfathermarriedhisstepmother．Atthattimetheylivedpoorinthecountrysidewhilehisstepmotherwasfromawealthyfamily．HisfatherintroducedHilltohisstepmotherashesaid，"Dear，Ihopeyounoticeintheentireshirethisistheworstboy，whohasmademehavenootherway．Maybebeforetomorrowmorninghewillthrowastoneatyou，ordoabadthingyouwillneverimagine．"ToHill'ssurprise，hisstepmotherwentuptohimwithasmile，helduphisheadandlookedathimcarefully．Shethenturnedaroundtotellherhusband，"You'rewrong．Heisnottheworstboyintheentireshire，butthecleverestandcreativeboy．Onlyhedoesn'tfindaplacetoshowhimself．"Hisstepmother'swordswarmedhisheart，hiseyesfulloftears．Withthis，hestartedbuildingfriendshipwithhisstepmother．Andthisbecamethedriveofhislife，makinghimcreate28successfulgoldenrules，whichhelpedtensofthousandsofordinarypeoplewalkontheroadtosuccess．Beforehisstepmothercame，noonepraisedhimsmart，andhisfatherandneighborsconsideredhimasabadboy．However，hisstepmother'swordschangedhislife．WhenHillwas14yearsold，hisstepmotherboughthimausedtypewriterandsaidtohim，"Ibelieveyouwillbecomeawriter．"Hillacceptedhisstepmother'sgiftandexpectation，andstartedwritingthingstoalocalnewspaper．Heunderstoodhisstepmother'sstrongfeelingofinterestinhisfamilywhilehesawwithhisowneyesshehadchangedhisfamily．Therefore，hewoulddoaswellassheexpectedhimto．ThestrengthfromhisstepmothermadehimarichmanandfamouswriterintheUnitedStatesandoneofthemostimportantpersonsinthe20thcentury．Praisewillneverbeunnecessary，especiallyforchildren．Asincere（真诚的＞praisemaybebetterthan10，000badwords．（1）WhatdidpeoplethinkofHillbeforetheageofnine？A．Clever．B．Creative．C．Unfriendly．D．Foolish．（2）Hillstartedmakingfriendswithhisstepmotheraftershe．A．smiledathimB．lookedathimcarefullyC．saidgoodwordsabouthimD．saidbadwordsabouthim（3）WhichofthefollowingiswrongaboutHill？．A．Heacceptedhisstepmother'stypewriter．B．Hefailedtodoashewasexpected．C．Hestartedwritingtoalocalnewspaper．D．Heunderstoodhisstepmother．（4）Thewriterismostprobablyanexpertof．A．housebuildingB．dietC．newswritingD．education（5）Thepassagewaswrittenmainlytotellusthat．A．childrenshouldbepraisedB．Hill'sfathermarriedagainC．Hill'sstepmotherwaskindtohimD．Hill'sfatherwascrueltohim．

2025年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题（阅读理解）：人与社会（10题）参考答案与试题解析一．阅读理解（共10小题）1．（2024•突泉县一模）AccordingtoUNESCO，alargenumberofchildreninvillagesinsomeAfricancountrieslikeKenyaandTanzaniadonotgotoschool.Theyhavetoworktomakemoneyfortheirfamily.Andmorethanhalfofpeopleinthesecountrieslivewithoutelectricity.Acompanyisnowworkingtosolvebothoftheseproblems.Ithascreatedaspecialsolar（大阳的）powerstation，whichisintheshapeofacow，called"SolarCow".ThecompanyencouragesparentsinthosepoorvillagestosendtheirchildrentoschoolbysettingupSolarCowsatschools.Justasitsnamesuggests，theSolarCowcanchargebatteries（给电池充电）called"SolarMilks".TheSolarMilksprovideelectricityforthefamilies.ThebatteriescanonlybechargedusingtheSolarCow，sochildrenhavetogotoschooltogettheelectricity.Everyday，childrenputtheirbatteriesintothebottomoftheirschool'sSolarCow.Theygotoclasswhilethebatteriesarebeingcharged.Attheendoftheday，theytakethechargedbatterieshome.Eachfully﹣chargedSolarMilkbatterycanchargeamobilephonethreeorfourtimes，oraradioonceortwice.Thebatteryisalsoaflashlight，anditcanprovidetenhoursoflight."Myfatherusedtotraveltwotothreehourstothechargingshoptochargehisphone，anditcostalot，"aboysaid."Butnow，hecanusethebatteryIbringfromschooltochargehisphoneathome."Since2018，thiscompanyhassetuptwoSolarCowsinKenyaandoneinTanzania.ThecompanyalsostartedtoraisemoneyformoreSolarCowstohelpthepoorchildreninAfrica.（1）WhatisaSolarCow？DA．Ananimalwhichcanproducemilk.B．Asolarbatteryintheshapeofacow.C．Amobilephoneintheshapeofacow.D．Asolarpowerstationintheshapeofacow.（2）Howdoesthecompanyencouragetheparentstosendtheirchildrentoschool？BA．Bygivingthemmoney.B．BysettingupSolarCowsatschools.C．Byofferingthemcows.D．Bybuildingsomeschoolsinthevillages.（3）Whatisthecorrectorderforchildrentogettheelectricityfortheirfamilies？Aa.Childrengotoschoolwithbatteries.b.Childrentakethechargedbatterieshome.c.Childrenhaveclasseswhilethebatteriesarebeingcharged.d.Childrenputthebatteriesintothebottomoftheirschool'sSolarCow.A．a﹣d﹣c﹣bB．a﹣c﹣d﹣bC．b﹣d﹣c﹣aD．b﹣a﹣c﹣d（4）Whatcaneachfully﹣chargedSolarMilkbatterydo？CA．Itcanchargearadiothreeorfourtimes.B．ItcanprovideelectricityforaSolarCow.C．Itcanprovidetenhoursoflightasaflashlight.D．Itcanchargeamobilephonesevenoreighttimes.（5）Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout？DA．SolarCowshaveprovidedelectricityfortheschools.B．SomeAfricanchildrendon'tgotoschoolbecausetheyhavetowork.C．MorethanhalfofpeopleinKenyaandTanzanialivewithoutelectricity.D．SolarCowsaresolvingtwoproblemsatthesametimeinsomeAfricancountries.【考点】科普知识；细节理解；主旨大意．【答案】见试题解答内容【分析】本文主要讲太阳能牛在一些非洲国家同时解决了儿童不上学和多半人没有电用两个问题。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Ithascreatedaspecialsolar（大阳的）powerstation，whichisintheshapeofacow，called"SolarCow".（它创造了一个特殊的太阳能发电站，形状像一头奶牛，被称为"太阳能奶牛"。）可知，太阳能牛是一个奶牛形状的太阳能发电站。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据ThecompanyencouragesparentsinthosepoorvillagestosendtheirchildrentoschoolbysettingupSolarCowsatschools.（该公司通过在学校安装太阳能奶牛，鼓励贫困村庄的家长送孩子上学。）可知，这家公司通过在学校里建立太阳能牛来鼓励父母送孩子上学。故选B。（3）排列顺序题。根据ThebatteriescanonlybechargedusingtheSolarCow，sochildrenhavetogotoschooltogettheelectricity.Everyday，childrenputtheirbatteriesintothebottomoftheirschool'sSolarCow.Theygotoclasswhilethebatteriesarebeingcharged.Attheendoftheday，theytakethechargedbatterieshome.（电池只能用太阳能电池充电，所以孩子们必须上学才能用上电。每天，孩子们都把电池放在学校太阳能电池的底部。他们一边上课一边给电池充电。在一天结束时，他们把充电的电池带回家。）可知，孩子们为家庭供电的正确顺序是：孩子们带着电池上学（a）一一孩子们把电池放在学校太阳能牛的底部（d）﹣﹣孩子们上课期间电池在充电（c）﹣一孩子们把已充电的电池带回家（b）。选项A.a﹣d﹣c﹣b符合题意。故选A。（4）细节理解题。根据Thebatteryisalsoaflashlight，anditcanprovidetenhoursoflight.（电池也是一个手电筒，可以提供10小时的光照。）可知，每个充满电的太阳能牛奶电池可以作为手电筒提供10小时的光线。故选C。（5）主旨大意题。根据Ithascreatedaspecialsolar（大阳的）powerstation，whichisintheshapeofacow，called"SolarCow".（它创造了一个特殊的太阳能发电站，形状像一头奶牛，被称为"太阳能奶牛"。）以及Since2018，thiscompanyhassetuptwoSolarCowsinKenyaandoneinTanzania.ThecompanyalsostartedtoraisemoneyformoreSolarCowstohelpthepoorchildreninAfrica.（自2018年以来，该公司已在肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚分别建立了两头太阳能奶牛。该公司还开始为更多的太阳能奶牛筹集资金，以帮助非洲的贫困儿童。）结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍"太阳能牛"，这一发明在一些非洲国家同时解决了儿童不上学和多半人没有电用两个问题。故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。2．（2024•常州模拟）Withtherapiddevelopmentofwirelesstechnologies，theFifthGeneration（5G）mobilecommunicationsystemstartedtocome.