2024届浙江省宁波市高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题 （原卷版）

宁波市2023学年第二学期高考与选考模拟考试英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inafactory. C.Inahotel.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheairportprobably?A.At3:30. B.At4:30. C.At5:30.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatsuggestiondoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Avoidingworkingatnight. B.GettingallthepartsfromJapan. C.Buyinganewwashingmachine.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.HowtogettoNewYork. B.Howtoenterforacourse. C.Howtogetadrivinglicence.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A.Theheat. B.Therepairsofthepower. C.Thestorm.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tocanceltheirplan. B.Tomakeaninvitation. C.Toaskforinformation.7.Whatdoesthemandecidetodothisevening?A.Seeabandshow. B.Buyticketsonline. C.Accompanyhisparents.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howisthehouseusuallyheated?ABycoal. B.Byelectricity. C.Bywood.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Buyaheater. C.Cooksupper.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors. B.Colleagues. C.Husbandandwife.11.Whatdidthemandothisafternoon?A.Hedidhiswork.B.Hefixedhiscomputer.C.Hetooksomeexercise.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Stopplayingamusicalinstrument.B.Gooutsomewhere.C.Helpherwiththepaper.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman’srequest?A.Embarrassed. B.Astonished. C.Angry.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.What’stheconversationmainlyabout?A.Fightingfire. B.Detectingfire. C.Preventingfire.15.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Australialost4%ofitstrees.B.ThesystemisusedinAmerica.C.Thesystemwilluseheatcameras.16.Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsystemdiscover?A.Thesizeofacar. B.Thesizeofaplane. C.Thesizeofafootballfield.17.Whatisthewoman’sconcernbesidestrees?A.Protectinghumans. B.Purifyingtheair. C.Savinganimals.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthespeakerdoing?ATeachingaclass. B.Reportingastudy. C.Chairingameeting.19.Whatisthemostimportantpartoftakingnotes?A.Reading. B.Listening. C.Writing.20.Whatisoneoftheadvantagesofusingsymbols?A.Itkeepsinformationsecret. B.Itleavesspaceforfutureuse. C.Itmakeskeywordsnoticeable.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。ABritishcinemaboastsarichdiversityoffilmsthatweaveappealingnarrativeswithstunninglandscapesandfascinatingcharacters.ThesefilmscelebratethediversebeautyandculturalheritageofBritain.LocalHeroLocalHerodigsintotheconflictbetweenagiantUSoilcompanyandaremoteScottishvillagewhentheformerplanstobuildarefinery.However,theexceptionallybeautifullandscapesandthefirmattitudeofthevillagersswaythecompany’sdecision.Thestoryhasbeenalastingappealtoaudiences,evenafteroverfourdecades.KesBritishdirectorKenLoach’sfirsttriumph,Kes,describesthetouchingnarrativeofayoungYorkshireboytakingthejourneyofcapturingandtraininganeagle.ThefilmoffersararedescriptionofYorkshire,filledwithatenderlensthatcelebratesitsessence.TheDigThedelightfulcountiessurroundingLondonarevividlydepictedinTheDig,setagainstthepeacefulcountrysideofSuffolkbeforeWorldWarⅡ.RalphFiennes,afamousactor,playstheroleofaself-taughtarchaeologistunearthingthemysteriesofanAnglo-Saxongraveyard,addingtoitsfun.CalvaryIrishdirectorMichaelMcDonagh’sfilmssetinIrelandareundoubtedlyattractive,oftenintegratingIreland’spicturesquesceneryintothestory.Amongthese,Calvary,standsout.Itrecordsthedifficultandtiringjourneyofamoralpriest,dealingwiththeevilforceswithinhisarea.21.Whichofthefollowingfilmswillappealtocurioushistorylovers?A.TheDig. B.LocalHero. C.Kes. D.Calvary.22.WhatisthesettingofthefilmLocalHero?A.AYorkshirevillage. B.AremoteScottishvillage.C.ThecountrysideofSuffolk. D.TheAnglo-Saxongraveyard.23.WhatisthethemeoftheBritishfilmsmentionedinthetext?A.ThemoraldilemmaofanIrishpriest.B.ThenationalandculturalheritageofBritain.C.ThebeautyanddiversityofBritishlandscapesandcharacters.D.TheadventuresofYorkshireboyscapturingandtrainingeagles.BThedayImetHaniIrmawati,shestoodaloneintheparkinglotoftheInternationalschool,ashyseventeen-year-oldinwornclothing.Despitetheschool’spolicyagainstIndonesianstudents,sheapproachedme,beggingtoimproveherEnglish.WhenIinquiredabouthermotivation,expectingalocaljobsearch,shequietlyexpressedherdreamofattendinganAmericanuniversity.Movedbyherdetermination,Ivolunteeredtohelpherafterschool.Eachday,Haniwokeatdawn,studyingonthebustoherpublichighschool,thenjoiningmeintheafternoon,exhaustedbuteagertolearn.Despiteherstruggleswithcollege-levelEnglish,herperseveranceamazedme.Hani’sfamilylivedmodestly,herparentsworkingasacustodianandamaid.Theirincomecouldn’tsupportherAmericanuniversityaspirations,dampeningmyinitialoptimism.InDecember1998,ascholarshipopportunityarose,butuponreviewingtherequirements,Idespaired.Hanilackedtheextracurricularexperienceandstandardizedtestscorestypicalofapplicants.Despitemydiscouragement,sheremainedresolute,askingmetosubmitherapplication.Unabletorefuse,Icompletedtheapplication,highlightinghercourageandperseverance.Iwarnedherofslimacceptanceodds,butsheremainedsteadfast.Inthefollowingweeks,HaniintensifiedherEnglishstudies,andIarrangedforhertotaketheTestofEnglishFluency.Thecomputerizedtestposedasignificantchallengeforher.Justbeforedepartingforthetest,shereceivedaletterfromthescholarshipassociation.Ibeganreadingtheletterwithher,onlytodiscovershe’dbeenaccepted.Overjoyed,IcelebratedwhileHanistoodquietly,perhapsbewilderedbymyshock.Inthatmoment,IrealizedwhatHanihadknownallalong:successrequiresnotjustintelligence,butalsothedrivetopersevereandthecouragetobelieveinoneself.24.WhatmotivatedHanitoimproveherEnglish?A.Pressurefromfamilymembers. B.Curiosityaboutforeignlanguages.C.Jobprospectsinthelocalcommunity. D.AmbitionofenteringanAmericanuniversity.25.WhatcanweinferaboutthedifficultiesthatHanihad?A.Hani’sparentswereunsupportiveofherdream.B.Haniwasuninterestedinextracurricularactivities.C.Hani’sapplicationformwasnotsubmittedontime.D.Haniwasnotacademicallyqualifiedforthescholarship.26.HowdidtheauthorlikelyfeelupondiscoveringHani’sacceptancetothescholarship?A.Surprisedandproud. B.Relievedbutenvious.C.Touchedandhonored. D.Shockedbutconcerned.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FromShynesstoSuccess B.AScholar’sJourneyC.ThePowerofPerseverance D.Hani’sUnrealisticDreamCLaughtercomesinmanyforms,fromapolitechuckletoaninfectioushowlofamusement.ScientistsarenowdevelopinganAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughteraccurately.Theteambehindthelaughingrobot,Erica,saythatthesystemcouldimprovenaturalconversationsbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.Dr.KojiInoue,leadauthoroftheresearchfromKyotoUniversity,highlightsempathy(共情)asacrucialaspectofconversationalAI,suggestinglaughtersharingasameansforrobotstoconnectwithusers.Toachievethis,Inoueandhisteamgathereddatafromover80speed-datingdialoguesbetweenmalestudentsandErica,initiallyoperatedbyamateuractors.Dialoguedatalabeledforindividual,social,andjoyfullaughterwasusedtotrainanAIsystemtoidentifyandproducefittinglaughterresponses.Basedontheaudiofiles,thealgorithm(算法)learnedtheirsubtledifferences,aimingtoimitatesociallaughssubtlyandheartylaughsempathetically.“Ourbiggestchallengeinthisworkwasidentifyingtheactualcasesofsharedlaughter,”explainedInoue,emphasizingtheneedforcarefulcategorization.Erica’s“senseofhumor”wastestedwithfourdialogues,integratingthenewshared-laughteralgorithm.ThesewerecomparedtocaseswhereEricadidn’tlaughoremittedsociallaughsupondetectinglaughter.Theclipswereplayedto130volunteerswhoratedtheshared-laughteralgorithmhighlyforempathyandnaturalness.Theteambelievedlaughtercouldimbuerobotswithuniquecharactertraits,includingconversationalbehaviorslikelaughter,eyegaze,gestures,andspeakingstyle.However,Inoueacknowledgeditcouldtakeover20yearstohavea“casualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”ProfessorSandraWachter,oftheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford,said,“OneofthethingsI’dkeepinmindisthatarobotoralgorithmwillneverbeabletounderstandyou.Itdoesn’tunderstandthemeaningoflaughter.Theyfailtofeel,buttheymightgetverygoodatmakingyoubelievetheyunderstandwhat’sgoingon.”28.WhydoscientistsdeveloptheAIsystemthatcancopyvariousformsoflaughter?A.Tomakerobotssoundmorehuman-like.B.Tohelprobotsunderstandhumanemotionsbetter.C.Toenablerobotstohaveasenseofhumorlikehumans.D.ToenhancetheemotionalinteractionbetweenpeopleandAIsystems.29.WhatwasthechallengeInouefacedwhileworkingonthisproject?A.Creatinganalgorithmthatcangenuinelyfeelamusement.B.Identifyingthesituationswherelaughteristrulyunderstood.C.Distinguishingbetweendifferenttypesoflaughteraccurately.D.Collectingsufficientdatafortrainingthemachinelearningsystem.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imbue”meaninParagraph5?A.Equip. B.Inspire. C.Engage. D.Influence.31.WhatisProfessorSandraWachter’sviewonlaughingrobots?A.Theyarenotcapableofcapturinghumanlaughter.B.Theycanimitatelaughterbutlackthoroughcomprehension.C.Itispossibleforthemtoplaytricksonhumansoccasionally.D.Itwilltakelongbeforehumanshavecomfortableconversationswiththem.DInaworldofmusicstreamingservices,accesstoalmostanysongisjustafewclicksaway.Yet,theliveperformanceliveson.Peoplestillfillsweatybasements,muddyfieldsandgildedconcerthallstoheartheirfavouritemusiciansplay.Andnowneuroscientistsmightknowwhy—livemusicengagesthebrain’semotioncentresmorethanitsrecordedcounterpart.Concertsareimmersive(沉浸式的)socialexperiencesinwhichpeoplelistentoandfeelthemusictogetherthroughcrescendos,keychangesandrhythmicdrops.Moreover,theyaredynamic—artistscanadapttheirplayingaccordingtothecrowd’sreaction.Itwasthislastdifferencethatledneuroscientists,basedattheUniversitiesofZurichandOslo,tostudythebrainresponsesofpeoplelisteningtomusic.Inthe“live”experiment,participantslayinanMRIscannerlisteningtothemusicthroughearphones,whileapianistwaspositionedoutsidetheroom.Thepianistwasshowntheparticipant’sreal-timebrainactivityasaformoffeedback.Intherecordedcondition,participantslistenedtopre-recordedversionsofthesametunes.Thescientistswereinterestedinhowlivemusicaffectedtheareasofthebrainresponsibleforprocessingemotions,particularlytheamygdala,anareadeepinsidethebrain.Theresults,justpublishedinthejournalPNAS,revealedthatlivemusichadasignificantlygreateremotionalimpact.Whetherthemusicconveyedhappinessorsadness,dynamicliveperformancesledtoincreasedactivitynotonlyintheamygdalabutalsootherpartsofthebrain’semotionprocessingnetwork.Theresearchersalsofoundthatparticipants’brainactivitytrackedtheacoustic(声学的)featuresofthemusic,liketempoandpitch,farmorecloselywhenitwasplayedlive.Whilethestudydidn’tfullyrecreatetheliveconcertexperience,thefindingssuggestthatartists’abilitytoadjusttheirperformanceinrealtimecontributestotheemotionalresonance(共鸣)oflivemusic.Somemusicalactsnowattempttorecreateliveconcerts,suchasABBAVoyage,animmersivepre-recordedVRconcert,butwithoutartists’capacitytoreadaudience’smoodandrespondaccordingly,itwillneverquitematchtherealthing.32.Whydopeopleattendliveshowsdespitemusicstreamingservices?A.Becausetheypreferbeingwithfriendsataconcert.B.Becausetheyenjoytheprocessoffindingpopularmusic.C.Becausetheyintendtomeettheirfavoritemusiciansinperson.D.Becausetheyvaluetheemotionalconnectionlivemusicbrings.33.Theroleofthepianistplayinthe“live”experimentisto_______.A.observetheparticipants’brainactivityasfeedbackB.comparetheeffectivenessofliveperformancesandrecordedonesC.provideliveaccompanimenttoparticipantsinsidetheMRIscannerD.demonstratetheirabilitytoreadandrespondtotheaudience’smood34.WhatdidthestudypublishedinPNASfindabouttheimpactoflivemusiconthebrain?A.Livemusicaffectedonlytheamygdalaofthebrain.B.Thebrainrespondedmoreintenselytoacousticfeaturesoflivemusic.C.Livemusichadareducedemotionalimpactcomparedtorecordedmusic.D.Theparticipants’brainactivitywasespeciallysensitivetodynamicmusic.35.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningABBAVoyageinthelastparagraph?A.Itfailstocreateaperfectperformingatmosphere.B.Itmatchesthesoundqualityofliveperformances.C.Itgreatlystirsuptheaudience’semotionalresponse.D.Itlacksartists’responsebasedonaudience’sfeedback.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Thesolutiontoanydespairmightbehope,expertssay.It’sbelievinginabrighterfutureandactingtowardsit.____36____Herearestrategiesthatcanhelpcultivatehope.AsHellman,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatSuffolkUniversityinBoston,pointsout,“Hopebegetshope,andithassuchasignificantprotectivefactor.”____37____Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningful,Hellmanadvises.Inotherwords,itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo.“Goalscanbeanythingthat’simportanttous,”hesays.Brainstormsolutions.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtogeneratelotsofways.____38____Ifyou’restrugglingtomakeaplan,Hellmansuggestssittingdownwithapenandpaperandgivingyourselfanhourtobrainstormsolutions.Seekoutsuccessstories.It’ssaidthatpeoplecultivatehopebyseekingsupportfromtheirparentsandspecificteachers.Buttheyalsogotalotoutoflearningaboutotherpeoplewhohavedonewellforthemselves.Hellmansays,“____39____”Tapintoyourimagination.Hellmanthinksofimaginationas“theinstrumentofhope”.Let’ssayyousetagoalfortheweek.Spendafewminutesreflectingonortalkingaboutwhatwouldhappenifyouachievedit.“Howdoesitimpactyou,orhowwoulditbenefitothers?”hesays.“____40____Andwhenyoucanseeyourselfinthefuture,thatistheveryessenceofhope.”A.Dosomethingmeaningful.B.Itcanbetaughtandnurtured.C.Thinkinagoal-orientedway.D.Withthesegoodexamples,peopleareboundtobesuccessful.E.So,ifonedoesn’tworkout,theyhaveanalternativeattheready.F.Byseeingotherpeoplesucceed,theyfeelliketheycouldsucceed.G.YouandIhavethiswonderfulcapacitytoplayamovieinourhead.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InaremotevillagelivedanelderlywomannamedAmelia.Despitethepassingyearssheremainedas____41____asever.Amelia’sdearest____42____washerfaithfuldog,Rufus,whohadbeenbyhersidethroughthickandthin.Onecoolautumnmorning,tragedy____43____thevillage—afiercestormsweptthrough,leavingdamageonitsway.Homesweredamaged,fields____44____,andmanyofthevillagersfoundthemselvesinneedofhelp.Ameliarealizedshehadtodosomethingto____45____herneighbors.WithRufusbyherside,she____46____offeringaidwhereveritwasneeded.Theyworked____47____,clearingruins,mendingroofs,andproviding____48____tothosewhohadlostsomuch.Asdaysturnedintoweeksandthevillageslowlybeganto____49____,wordofAmelia’sselflessacts____50____farandwide.Thecommunityapplaudedforherasahero,praisingherunyieldingdeterminationandkindnessinthefaceof____51____.ButAmeliaremainedmodest,____52____thatshehadsimplydonewhatanyonewoulddoinsuchasituation.Aswinter____53____uponthevillage,bringingwithitablanketofsnow,AmeliasatbythefireplacewithRufusatherfeet.Thoughtheywere____54____fromtheirefforts,theirheartswerefull,knowingtheyhadmadea(an)____55____inthelivesofthosearoundthem.41.A.energetic B.gentle C.stubborn D.humble42.A.present B.companion C.possession D.defender43.A.embraced B.ruined C.polished D.struck44.A.polluted B.flooded C.occupied D.deserted45.A.welcome B.consult C.assist D.inform46.A.gotdownto B.cameupwith C.wentonwith D.gotcloseto47A.hesitantly B.attentively C.tirelessly D.fruitfully48.A.reward B.comfort C.pleasure D.guidance49.A.recover B.collapse C.transform D.decline50.A.accumulated B.doubled C.echoed D.spread51.Atemptation B.adversity C.glory D.success52.A.boasting B.promising C.clarifying D.insisting53.A.fell B.rested C.landed D.depended54.A.motivated B.annoyed C.exhausted D.thrilled55.A.conclusion B.agreement C.difference D.comment第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inanageofrapidlygrowingurbanization,rooftopfarminghasemergedasasustainableresponse____56____thechallengeofcreatinggreenspaceincities.Thisinnovativepracticetransformsrooftopsintominifarms,wherevegetables,fruits,andevenflowers____57____(plant),providinglocalresidentswithfreshproduceandaddingatouchofnaturetourbanenvironments.Rooftopfarming,also____58____(refer)toasverticalagriculture,ismorethanjustatrend;it’sasteptowardsenvironmentalconservation.Greenroofswithvegetationhelptoabsorbsunlightandreleasemoisture,coolingtheairandreducingthedemandforairconditioning,____59____inturnlessensenergy____60____(consume)andcarbonemission.Meanwhile,rooftopfarmsserveaseducationalplatforms,____61____(teach)citydwellersaboutsustainableagriculturepracticesandtheimportanceoflocally____62____(source)food.Asurbanpopulationscontinuetogrow,rooftopfarmingfosterscommunityengagement____63____promoteshealthierlifestylesbyprovidingaccesstofreshandorganicproduce.Whenwelooktowards____64____futurewhereenvironmentalconsciousnessandsustainablepracticesbecomeincreasinglyvital,rooftopfarmingstandsasatestamenttoourabilitytocultivatemorethanjustfood—wecultivatehopefora_____65_____(green)andmoreresilientworld.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.假定你是校英语报主编李华，你发现随着信息技术的发展，高中生阅读纸质媒体的热情在逐步减少，请你写一篇英语短文，呼吁学生重拾对纸质阅读的热情。具体内容如下：1.介绍现状；2.纸媒的重要性；3.提出呼吁。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。EmbracingtheMagicofPrintMedia___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WheneverIspreadmarmalade(橘子酱),Iamremindedofmymother,afive-foot-tallangelwhoevenbefriendedaskunk(臭鼬).Oneday,whileshewasbusypickingbeansinthebackyard,shecameacrossaskunknomorethanameteraway.Theskunk’sembarrassmentwasevidentashehadundoubtedlybeenrummaging(乱翻)throughthegarbage.Hestillhadamarmaladejarstuckonhisnose.Momtookpityonhim.Insteadofworryingthecreaturewouldspraysomethingsmellyalloverherandthebeans,shesmiledcompassionatelyatthelittlethingande