《Module 4 Great Scientists》 （外研版必修4）课件

Module4GreatScientistsThesubjectsanddefinitions语文ChineseThestudyofChina,languageandliterature.数学Mathematics

Thescienceofnumbersandofshapes.英语EnglishEnglishlanguageandliteratureasasubjectofstudy.Thesubjectsanddefinitions物理PhysicsThescienceconcernedwiththestudyofphysicalobjectsandsubstance,andofnaturalforcessuchaslight,heatandmovement.化学ChemistryThesciencethatisconcernedwithstudyingthestructureofsubstancesandthewaythattheychange.生物BiologyThescientificstudyoflivingthings.Thesubjectsanddefinitions历史HistoryThestudyofhistory.地理GeographyThestudyofthecountries,seas,riverstownsetc.oftheworld.政治PoliticsThestudyofpoliticalpowerandsystemsofgovernment.Thesubjectsanddefinitions音乐MusicTheartofwritingorplayingmusic,musiclessons.美术ArtTheuseofpainting,drawingetc.torepresentthingsorexpressideas.体育PEPhysicaleducation,sports.AlexanderBellelectricityThomasEdisontheFirsttelephoneWrightBrotherstheelectricLampMadameCurieblackholesinUniverseFranklinTheoryofGravityStevenHawkingtheFirstPlaneElbertEinsteinRadiumIsaacNewtontheTheoryofRelativityScientists&Contributions:Archimedes(阿基米德)Warmingup:1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?AncientGreek

(287-212BC)AmathematicianCharlesDarwin2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?theOriginofSpeciesWarmingup:“fatherofmodernbiology”MarieCurieWarmingup:5.Whodiscoveredradium?6.WhoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyIlargecities?ThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinci7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?Warmingup:

ZhangHeng,Chinese(78-139)Heinventedthefirstseismograph(测震仪、地震仪)toindicateinthedirectionofanearthquake.Itwasintheshapeofacylinder(圆筒形)witheightdragonheadsroundthetop,eachwithaballinitsmouth.9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?Warmingup:seismograph

StephenHawking,British(1942--)Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudiedblackholesinspace.Hehasshownthatblackholesdonotonlyabsorbeverythingaroundthembut,fromtimetotime,throwoutmatteraswell.10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?Warmingup:Pre-readingIntherice-growingworld,thereisaChinesescientist,whodevelopedthehybridrice,whichmadeChinesericeproductionrisefast.Doyouknowwhoheis?Whatdoyouthinkheislike?YuanLongpingReadthetextandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhatkindofstudentwasYuanLongpingasaboy?2.Whatwaydidhethinkoftoproducericemorequickly?3.Whatdidhediscover?4.Howimportantwasthediscovery?(1、2、3、4)Findoutthetopicsentencesofeachparagraph.1.YuanLongpingitisaleadingfigureintherice-growingworld.2.Asaboyhewascalled“thestudentswhoasksquestions”3.Fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinplants4.HisdiscoveriesincreasedChinesericeproduction.5.AsaresultofYuanLongping’sdiscovery.6.ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.Pre-reading:infectiousdiseases:Theycanbespreadtootherpeople.Theyhaveanunknowncause.Theyaredifficulttocure.Theyneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.Pre-reading:Skimming::Whowasthegreatscientistinthepassageandwhatwasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday?JohnSnow

choleraCholera:Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.Andthevictimsdiedveryquicklyfromalossofliquidafterseverevomiting(呕吐)anddiarrhoea(腹泻).Careful

Reading:JohnSnowwasan

doctorinLondonwho

QueenVictoriaasherpersonal

.Hethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople

to

cholera.Thoughthecauseandthe

ofitwereunknown,hewantedtofacethe

andsolvetheproblem.para.1expertattendedphysicianexposedcurechallengeCareful

Reading:Whatwerethetwotheoriesaboutthecauseofcholera?WhichdidJohnSnowwanttoprove?Whatwashismethodofdoingtheresearch?…multiplied……victims……absorb…Thesecondone.Togatherinformationintwoparticularstreets.para.2&3Careful

Reading:para.4Whatdidhedowiththeresultsofhisenquiry?Whatvaluablecluedidhegetaboutthecauseofthedisease?Whatmightbethecause?Markedonamap…Manyofthedeaths……hadnodeaths.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblameforcholera.ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet.deathPartofSnow’sCholeraMapCareful

Reading:para.5Whydidhetellpeopletoremovethehandlefromthepump?Whathappenedafterthehandlewasremoved?Sothat……sloweddownCareful

Reading:para.6&7Wheredidthewomanliveandwhatdidshehaddeliveredtoherhouseeveryday?Whatdidtheirdeathssuggest?WhatmeasuresdidJohnSnowtaketopreventthediseasefromspreading?AwayfromBroadStreetWaterfromthepumpThepollutedwatercarriedthevirus..suggestedthat…beexamined…wereinstructednotto

expose…to…Findthemainideaofeachparagraph:ThecausesofcholeraThecorrectorpossibletheoryCollectdataonthosewherepeoplewereillanddiedandwheretheygottheirwaterPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdieAnalysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.FindotherevidencestoconfirmhisconclusionThepolluteddirtysourceofdrinkingwaterwastoblameforthecauseoftheLondoncholera.Careful

Reading:drawaconclusion

ThinkofamethodCollectresultsMakeaquestionFindaproblemAnalyse

theresultsFindsupportingevidence①③②④⑤⑥⑦Stagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea:DicussingReadthetextandlearnthenewwordsbyheartFindmoreinformationaboutcholeraandJohnSnowontheInternet.Homework:Scientists:3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?

ThomasNewcomen,British(1663--1729)HeimprovedthefirststeampumpbuiltbyThomasSaveryin1698andturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwaterout