2023届贵州省贵阳市高三下学期适应性考试（二）英语试题（解析版）

贵阳市2023年高三适应性考试(二)英语本试卷满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、报名号、座位号填写在答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“姓名、报名号、考试科目”与考生本人姓名、报名号是否一致2.选择题：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题：用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写作答。在试题卷上作答，答案无效。3.请保持答题卡平整，不能折叠。考试结束，监考员将试卷、答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMichelleYeohwonbestactressatthe95thAcademyAwardsonSundaynightbecomingthefirstAsianwomantowintheaward.Yeoh,whoearnedtheawardforherexcellentperformanceinEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,isthefifthAsiantowinanOscarinanactingcategoryandthefirsttowininaleadactingcategory.“Forallthelittleboysandgirlswholooklikemewatchingtonight,thisisanexampleofhopeandpossibilities.Thisisevidencetodreambig,anddreamsdocometrue,”YeohsaidwhileacceptingherOscar.InEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,YeohplayedEvelynWang,animmigrantmotherandlaundromatownerwho’sunexpectedlytaskedwithsavingthemultiverse(多元宇宙)fromdestruction.“And,ladies,don’tletanybodytellyouthatyouareeverpastyourprime.Nevergiveup.”Yeohsaidinheracceptancespeech.“Ihavetodedicatethistomymom—allthemomsintheworld.Becausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthem,noneofuswouldbeheretonight.”YeohfirstmadeanameforherselfinHongKongcinema,becomingaprolificandrespectedmartialartsactionstarinthelate1980sandthe1990s.Asanactorwhomanagednottoplaythetypical“damselindistress”stereotypesinactionmoviesandinsteadoftenplayedcrime-fightingheroes,Yeohbecameknownasafeministpioneerinentertainment.“WebelieveinourAsiantalent.Webelieveallofushavestoriesthatneedtobetoldandneedtobeembraced,”YeohsaidinaninterviewwithNBC.1.WhatisEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce?A.Abook. B.Anactress. C.Afilm. D.Anaward.2.WhodoesMichelleYeohowehersuccessto?A.Herfriend. B.Hermother. C.Hersuperhero. D.Herteacher.3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Abusinessreport. C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aresearchplan.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了第95届奥斯卡颁奖典礼上，杨紫琼夺得最佳女主角，成为第一位获得该奖项的亚裔女性。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Yeoh,whoearnedtheawardforherexcellentperformanceinEverythingEverywhereAllatOnce,isthefifthAsiantowinanOscarinanactingcategoryandthefirsttowininaleadactingcategory.(杨紫琼凭借在《瞬息全宇宙》中的出色表现获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，她是第五位获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖的亚洲人，也是第一位获得最佳女主角奖的亚洲人。)”可知，《瞬息全宇宙》是一部电影。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ihavetodedicatethistomymom—allthemomsintheworld.Becausetheyarereallythesuperheroes,andwithoutthem,noneofuswouldbeheretonight.(我必须把这个献给我的妈妈——世界上所有的妈妈。因为她们真的是超级英雄，如果没有她们，我们今晚都不会在这里。)”可知，杨紫琼的成功归功于她的母亲。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文介绍了第95届奥斯卡颁奖典礼上，杨紫琼夺得最佳女主角，成为第一位获得该奖项的亚商女性。根据原文最后一段““WebelieveinourAsiantalent.Webelieveallofushavestoriesthatneedtobetoldandneedtobeembraced,”YeohsaidinaninterviewwithNBC.（Yeoh在接受美国全国广播公司采访时表示：“我们相信我们的亚洲人才。我们相信我们所有人都有需要讲述和接受的故事。”）”可推断，文章可能来自一篇新闻报道。A.Anewsreport.(一篇新闻报道。)；B.Abusinessreport.(商业报告。)；C.Asciencemagazine.(一本科学杂公)；D.Aresearchplan.(研究计划。)故选A。BThefactthattouchcanbehighlyinfluentialinsuccessfulsaleshasledresearcherstocallthephenomenontheMidasTouch,namedafterKingMidasinGreekmythology(神话)whowassaidtoturneverythinghetouchedintogold.Whiletouchingaproductisclearlynotgoingtomakeitgolden,itcanmakethepersonconnectsostronglywiththeitemthattheytakepsychologicalownershipofit.Thismeansthattheconsumerismuchmorelikelytopurchaseitastheyfeelasifitalreadybelongstothem.Partially,thiswillbecausedbytheemotionsthattheyexperiencewhentheyengageininteraction,asthereisacloserelationshipinourbrainsbetweentouchandemotions.Inaworldwhereonlineshoppingisalmostunavoidable,andpeoplecan’ttouchwhattheybuy,itbegsthequestionofhowtouchcanworkinconsuming.Therealityisthatmanyconsumershaveahighneedfortouch,andwhentheycan’ttouch,theybecomeupsetandoftenfeeldissatisfied.Thiswill,atleastpartially,contributetothehighonlinereturnrates,aspeopledon’tfeelsatisfiedwiththeproductswhentheyarrive.Presentingshoppers(直播带货者)withvisually-basedconcretesignscanhelpovercomethelackoftouch.Forexample,ifthegoodsareclearlydescribed,ithelpsthepurchaserknowtheproductmoreaccurately.However,suchdescriptionsonlyworkiftheyarespecific.Furthermore,usingmovingimagery,suchasabrieffilmofamodelmovingaroundinaclothingitem,alsohelpswithtouch-relatedvisualization(形象化)asitbecomesamentalunderstandingoftouch.Actualtextures(质地)ofproductscanalsohelpprovidesignsforwhattheproductsarelike.Infact,itappearsthatconcreteinputisprimarilyprocessedsubconsciously,meaningthatitisnotsomethingyoucannecessarilyaskconsumersabout,astheysimplydon’tknowthatitaffectsthem.Thus,theexamplesmentionedherearethekindofresearchfindingsthatonlinesellersshouldtakenoteof.Withsomecreativeinput,theycanbeusedtocreatemoresatisfiedcustomerswhentouchisabsent.4.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?A.Toinformpeopleofastory. B.Tointroducethesubject.C.Toprovidethebackground. D.Togiveadefinition.5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Touchingandconsuming. B.Theprocessoftouching.C.Brainsandemotion. D.Theproblemofselling.6.Whatcausesthehighonlinereturnrates?AProducts’arrivinglate. B.Customers’thinkinglittleofproducts.C.Products’notmeetingtherequirements. D.Customers’nodescribingproducts.7.Howcanonlinebuyersovercomethelackoftouch?A.Byknowingspecificdescriptionsvisually. B.Bymakingbrieffilmsofmovingmodels.C.Bymakingnotesoftheresearchfindings. D.Byaskingconsumerssomethingnecessary.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章强调了触摸对成功的销售有很大的影响，这一事实使研究人员将这种现象称为“迈达斯之触”，触摸一件产品可以让人与这件产品产生强烈的联系，从而在心理上拥有它。这意味着消费者更有可能购买它。向购物者展示基于视觉的具体标志可以帮助顾客克服缺乏触觉的问题，从而提高网上购物的成功率。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThefactthattouchcanbehighlyinfluentialinsuccessfulsaleshasledresearcherstocallthephenomenontheMidasTouch,namedafterKingMidasinGreekmythology(神话)whowassaidtoturneverythinghetouchedintogold.(触摸对成功的销售有很大的影响，这一事实使研究人员将这种现象称为“迈达斯之触”，以希腊神话中的迈达斯国王命名，据说他能把他触摸到的一切都变成金子。)”可知，第一段的写作目的是介绍主题触摸影响销售的成功，故选B。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whiletouchingaproductisclearlynotgoingtomakeitgolden,itcanmakethepersonconnectsostronglywiththeitemthattheytakepsychologicalownershipofit.ThismeansthattheconsumerismuchmorelikelytopurchaseitastheyfeelasifitalreadybelongstothemPartially,thiswillbecausedbytheemotionsthattheyexperiencewhentheyengageininteraction,asthereisacloserelationshipinourbrainsbetweentouchandemotions.(虽然触摸一件产品显然不会让它变成黄金，但它可以让人与这件产品产生强烈的联系，从而在心理上拥有它。这意味着消费者更有可能购买它，因为他们觉得它已经属于他们了，这部分是由他们在互动时体验到的情感引起的，因为在我们的大脑中，触摸和情感之间存在着密切的关系。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了触摸和消费。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thiswill,atleastpartially,contributetothehighonlinereturnrates,aspeopledon’tfeelsatisfiedwiththeproductswhentheyarrive.(这至少在一定程度上导致了高在线退货率，因为当人们到达时，他们对产品并不满意。)”可知，产品不符合要求导致在线退货率高，故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Furthermore,usingmovingimagery,suchasabrieffilmofamodelmovingaroundinaclothingitem,alsohelpswithtouch-relatedvisualization(形象化)asitbecomesamentalunderstandingoftouch.Actualtextures(质地)ofproductscanalsohelpprovidesignsforwhattheproductsarelike.(此外，使用动态图像，比如一个模特穿着衣服四处走动的短片，也有助于与触摸相关的视觉化，因为它变成了一种对触摸的心理理解。产品的实际纹理也可以帮助提供产品外观的标志。)”可知，通过直观地了解具体的描述，网上买家克服缺乏接触，故选A。CThetopicofChina’s“slashyouth”hasfueledheateddebateonsocialmediarecently,drawingattentiontothediversepursuitsoftheyoungergeneration.Theslashyouth,whichcouldalsobecalledslashersorslash-generation—meansthosewhorefusetobedefinedbyjustonepersonalidentity.Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.Ratherthanmaterialcomforts,theylookformeaningfulachievement.Adiversecareercanenablethemtodevelopnewexperiencesandtalentsaswellassocialandprofessionalnetworks,leadingtogreaterflexibilityinlifeandwork,recognitionandsatisfaction.Astudyon“slashyouth”publishedintheChinaYouthResearchmagazineanalyzesthebackgroundofthisphenomenon:withpartofmodernsociety’sstructuredorganizationandstabilitynorms(规范)arebroken,flexiblelabormarketsandstructuralunemploymenthasappeared,eliminatingthesenseofjobsecurityoftheyoungpeopleinemployment.Youngpeoplealsofacethedilemmaofself-actualization(自我实现),includingthesenseofpowerlessness,lostsenseofvalueandlackofself-identityintheprofession,whichforcesthemtore-findthemeaningofwork.“The‘slashlife’showsthatoursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone’sself-fulfillment,”saidShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.“Youngpeoplenolongerhavetorelyonworkandmoneyfortheirsenseofself-worth.Theytendtocreatetheirownidentities.”Theresearcheraddedthatagainstthebackgroundthatpeoplehavemultipleinterestsandarewillingtopayfortheseinterestsnowadays,the“slashlife”oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimation(动漫)cultureaffectedthemarket.8.Whatdoestheslashyouthreferto?A.Thoselikingtoshowoff. B.Thosehavingdifferentidentities.C.Thoselikingmaterialcomforts. D.Thosechangingdifferentjobs.9.Whydoestheslashyouthliketoworkonvariouscareers?A.Toprovetheyaretalented. B.Toenablethemtoexperiencealot.C.Toshowothersfullofenergy. D.Toknowmorefromdifferentareas.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph4probablymeanA.Strengthening. B.Increasing. C.Forgetting. D.Removing.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“slashlife”?A.Meaningless. B.Uncaring. C.Favorable. D.Naughty.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是斜杠青年以及斜杠青年对社会的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theslashyouth,whichcouldalsobecalledslashersorslash-generation—meansthosewhorefusetobedefinedbyjustonepersonalidentity.Theyarekeentopresentthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandbandplayer.(斜杠青年，也可以被称为斜杠青年或斜杠一代，是指那些拒绝被单一个人身份所定义的人。他们热衷于将自己呈现为多重身份，有时甚至是截然不同的身份，比如护士兼模特，教师兼单口相声演员，工程师兼乐队演奏者)”可知，斜杠青年是指那些有多重身份的人。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Adiversecareercanenablethemtodevelopnewexperiencesandtalentsaswellassocialandprofessionalnetworks,leadingtogreaterflexibilityinlifeandwork,recognitionandsatisfaction.(多元化的职业可以让他们发展新的经验和才能，以及社会和专业网络，从而在生活和工作中获得更大的灵活性，得到认可和满意度)”可知，斜杠青年喜欢各种职业是因为这些职业可以使他们有更多的经历。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文的“withpartofmodernsociety’sstructuredorganizationandstabilitynorms(规范)arebroken,flexiblelabormarketsandstructuralunemploymenthasappeared(现代社会的部分结构化组织和稳定规范被打破，出现了灵活的劳动力市场和结构性失业)”及下文的“includingthesenseofpowerlessness,lostsenseofvalueandlackofself-identityintheprofession,whichforcesthemtore-findthemeaningofwork.(包括对职业的无力感、价值感的丧失和自我认同感的缺失，迫使他们重新寻找工作的意义)”可知，年轻人的就业安全感已经不存在了。由此可知，划线处是“消除”的意思。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。通读文章，作者开始介绍了什么是斜杠青年，紧接着引用了调查，说明斜杠青年这一现象的背景，尤其是最后一段的“the“slashlife”oftheyouthwoulddrivethegrowthofaneweconomy,justasanimation(动漫)cultureaffectedthemarket.(年轻人的“斜杠生活”将推动新经济的发展，就像动画文化影响市场一样)”可推知，作者认为斜杠生活是良好的，支持斜杠生活。故选C。DScientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(诊断)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(脑脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.Ifeffective,thetestcouldenablefasterdiagnosisofthedisease,meaningtreatmentscouldbedoneearlier.Alzheimer’sisthemostcommonformofdementia(痴呆),butdiagnosisremainschallenging—particularlyduringtheearlierstagesofthedisease.Currentguidelinesrecommenddetectionofthreedistinctsymptoms:abnormalaccumulationsofamyloidandtauproteinsproteins,aswellasneurodegeneration—theslowandprogressivelossofneuronalcellsinspecifiedregionsofthebrain.ThiscanbedonethroughacombinationofbrainimagingandCSFanalysis.However,alumbarpuncturecanbepainfulandpeoplemayexperienceheadachesorbackpainaftertheprocedure,whilebrainimagingisexpensiveandtakesalongtimetoschedule.Prof.ThomasKarikariattheUniversityofPittsburgh,inPennsylvania,US,whowasinvolvedinthestudy,said:“Alotofpatients,evenintheUS,don’thaveaccesstoMRIandPETscanners.Accessibilityisamajorissue.”Thedevelopmentofareliablebloodtestwouldbeanimportantstepforwards.“Abloodtestischeaper,saferandeasiertoadminister,anditcanimproveclinicalconfidenceindiagnosingAlzheimer’sandselectingparticipantsforclinicaltrialanddiseasemonitoring,”Karikarisaid.Thenextstepwillbetoconfirmthetestinabroaderrangeofpatients,includingthosefromvariedracialandethnicbackgrounds,andthosesufferingfromdifferentstagesofmemorylossorotherpotentialdementiasymptoms.Karikarialsohopesthatmonitoringlevelsofbrain-derivedtauinthebloodcouldimprovethedesignofclinicaltrialsforAlzheimer’streatments.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutbloodtestfromParagraph1?A.Itcancausefinancialproblems. B.Itishelpfultostarttreatmentearlier.C.Itishelpfultocontrolthemedicine. D.Itcanincreaselowerback’spain.13Whatisthepriciestwayofdetectingthesymptoms?A.CSFanalysis. B.Alumbarpuncture. C.Bloodtest. D.Brainimaging.14.Howisthebloodtestdeveloped?A.Byexpandingmoreclinics. B.Byraisingpatients’confidence.C.Bytestingindiversegroups. D.Bymonitoringmemory’sstages.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnApproachtoDiagnoseAlzheimer’sDiseaseB.SomeDifferentSymptomsofDetectingtheDiseaseC.ThePotentialProblemsofAlzheimer’sDiseaseD.AFewGuidelinestoUsetheMedicalDevices【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家开发出诊断阿尔茨海默病的血液检测法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Ifeffective,thetestcouldenablefasterdiagnosisofthedisease,meaningtreatmentscouldbedoneearlier.(如果有效，该测试可以更快地诊断疾病，这意味着可以更早地进行治疗)”可知，血液检查有助于及早开始治疗。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(诊断)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(脑脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.(科学家已经开发出一种血液测试来诊断阿尔茨海默病，而不需要昂贵的脑部成像或痛苦的腰椎穿刺，即从下背部抽取脑脊液样本)”可知，脑成像是检测症状最昂贵的方法。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thenextstepwillbetoconfirmthetestinabroaderrangeofpatients,includingthosefromvariedracialandethnicbackgrounds,andthosesufferingfromdifferentstagesofmemorylossorotherpotentialdementiasymptoms.(下一步将是在更大范围的患者中证实该测试，包括来自不同种族和民族背景的患者，以及患有不同阶段记忆丧失或其他潜在痴呆症状的患者)”可知，血液测试是通过对不同群体进行测试而开发出来的。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Scientistshavedevelopedabloodtesttodiagnose(诊断)Alzheimer’sdiseasewithouttheneedforexpensivebrainimagingorapainfullumbarpuncture(腰椎穿刺),whereasampleofCSF(脑脊椎液)isdrawnfromthelowerback.(科学家已经开发出一种血液测试来诊断阿尔茨海默病，而不需要昂贵的脑部成像或痛苦的腰椎穿刺，即从下背部抽取脑脊液样本)”及下文介绍可知，章介绍了科学家开发出诊断阿尔茨海默病的血液检测法。由此可知，AnApproachtoDiagnoseAlzheimer’sDisease(阿尔茨海默病的诊断方法)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepingmemoryfreshAncientpoems,Englishwords,historicalevents...youmusthavealottorememberatschool.Whatifyoucouldhaveaphotographicmemory?Scientistshavedonemanyexperimentstofindwaystoimproveourmemories.Herearesometipsbasedontheirfindings.____16____Scientistsaskedpeopletoeitherrideabikeslowlyfor90minutesordoitreallyfastfor6minutes.Itshowedthattheshortbutintenseexercisemadethebrainproducemoreofachemicalcalled“brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(脑源性神经营养因子)”.____17____.Itsamountgoestothehighestpointaftersixminutesofintenseworkout.That’sthetimewhenyoushouldgetdowntorememberingthings!Sleepinginarockingbed.Whenwewereyoung,wesleptsoundlyinourmom’sswayingarms.Scientistshavefoundthatifwesleepinabedthatgentlyswaysbackandforth,wecanhaveadeepersleep,whichimprovesourmemoryaswell.____18____.Becomingemotional.____19____.Themomentyoubecomeemotional,youcanrememberthingsreallywell.Thisisbecausetheamygdala(杏仁核)inourbrainisresponsiblefordealingwithbothemotionsandmemories.Thebrainwantsustorememberwhatmakesussosadorhappy.____20____.Then,justtakeoutyourbooktolearnnewthings.A.HavingarelaxedworkoutB.HavinganintenseworkoutC.EmotionscanaffectmemoriesD.Somaybe,youcouldbuyarockingbedE.Thischemicalcandoharmtopeople’smemoriesF.ThischemicalhelpspeoplerememberthingsquicklyG.Sonexttimeyouwanttoremembersomeknowledge,trytogetyourselfexcitedorangry【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家们做了许多实验来寻找改善我们记忆力的方法，基于这些研究，文章提出了一些改善记忆的方法。【16题详解】根据后文“Itshowedthattheshortbutintenseexercisemadethebrainproducemoreofachemicalcalled“brain-derivedneurotrophicfactor(脑源性神经营养因子)”.(研究表明，短时间的高强度运动使大脑产生更多的一种叫做“脑源性神经营养因子”的化学物质。)”可知，此处是指要进行短时间的高强度运动，所以选项B“进行高强度锻炼”切合文意。故选B。【17题详解】根据后文“Itsamountgoestothehighestpointaftersixminutesofintenseworkout.That’sthetimewhenyoushouldgetdowntorememberingthings!(在6分钟的高强度锻炼后，其含量达到最高点。那是你应该开始记东西的时候！)”可知，此处是指“脑源性神经营养因子”有助于记忆，所以选项F“这种化学物质能帮助人们快速记忆”切合文意。故选F。【18题详解】根据前文“Scientistshavefoundthatifwesleepinabedthatgentlyswaysbackandforth,wecanhaveadeepersleep,whichimprovesourmemoryaswell.(科学家们发现，如果我们睡在轻轻来回摆动的床上，我们可以睡得更深，这也能提高我们的记忆力。)”可知，此处是指睡在摇床上有助于记忆，所以选项D“也许，你可以买个摇床”切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Themomentyoubecomeemotional,youcanrememberthingsreallywell.(当你变得情绪化的时候，你可以很好地记住事情。)”可知，此处是指情绪会影响记忆力，所以选项C“情绪会影响记忆”切合文意。故选C。20题详解】根据前文“Thebrainwantsustorememberwhatmakesussosadorhappy.(大脑想让我们记住是什么让我们如此悲伤或快乐。)”和后文“Then,justtakeoutyourbooktolearnnewthings.(然后，拿出你的书来学习新的东西。)”可知，此处是指要记忆知识时可以让自己兴奋或者生气起来，所以选项G“所以下次你想记住一些知识时，试着让自己兴奋或生气”切合文意。故选G。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)MiluisalsoknownasPereDavid’sdeer.Theyareherdanimals(群体动物)thatusually____21____fromhumans,butwhenDiandiancomesintocontactwithpeopleatanature____22____inYueyang,Hunanprovince,sheis____23____.Eightyearsago,one-week-oldDiandianwasleftbehindbyher____24____.Whenpeoplefoundherinthereedsofalake,shelookedtooweakandthinto____25____.____26____bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve,Diandian____27____startedtreatingpeopleasherfriends.Today,sheisthemotherofthreemilu,thankstothe____28____andcareshowntoherby____29____membersatthereserve.“Mostmilurunaway____30____someoneapproaches,butDiandianisdeliberate(从容的)inher____31____andunhurried,”saidLiZheng,akeeperatthereservewhohastakencareofDiandianforyears.WiththehelpofpeoplelikeLiZhengfromamilu____32____associationinYueyang,11deer,includingDiandian,havetheirfamilies.Thestaffhavedonemanythingstohelpprotectandexpandthe____33____oftheanimal.Eachmemberhasa____34____researchrole,withsomeflyingdrones(无人机),some____35____thenumberofmiluandsomeestimatingtheageofthemale____36____theshapeandsizeoftheirantlers(鹿角).Thankstotheirefforts,thepastseveralyearshave____37____thegradual____38____ofthemilupopulation.Once____39____inChina,itsnativeland,andwithonly18____40____survivingintheworld,themiludeerisnowprosperinginitshomecountry.21.A.prevent B.escape C.benefit D.differ22.A.reserve B.interest C.landscape D.attraction23.A.curious B.lonely C.nervous D.calm24.A.organization B.enemy C.herd D.keeper25.A.survive B.perform C.rescue D.monitor26.A.Found B.Trained C.Ruled D.Raised27.A.constantly B.gradually C.extremely D.especially28.A.advice B.attention C.research D.command29.A.party B.freedom C.staff D.senior30.A.unless B.until C.though D.once31.A.action B.options C.tone D.thought32.A.commercial B.advertisement C.conservation D.transformation33.A.capability B.company C.knowledge D.habitats34.A.specific B.complicated C.noble D.wonderful35.A.making B.imagining C.counting D.predicting36.A.basedon B.namedby C.owingto D.apartfrom37.A.changed B.promoted C.witnessed D.experienced38.A.recovery B.decline C.limitation D.study39.A.famous B.extinct C.important D.prosperous40.A.females B.groups C.males D.individuals【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.B29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C36.A37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了麋鹿点点被鹿群遗弃，被东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区的工作人员收养，并逐渐开始把人当成朋友。同时，文章也讲述了工作人员为保护麋鹿而付出的努力。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是群居动物，通常会躲避人类，但是当点点在湖南岳阳的一个自然保护区与人们接触时，她很平静。A.prevent阻止；B.escape逃走，躲避；C.benefit受益；D.differ不同于。根据上文“Theyareherdanimalsthatusually”以及后文but表示转折，说明它们是群居动物，通常会躲避人类，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是群居动物，通常会躲避人类，但是当点点在湖南岳阳的一个自然保护区与人们接触时，她很平静。A.reserve保护区；B.interest兴趣；C.landscape风景；D.attraction吸引力。呼应后文“membersatthereserve”指点点生活的保护区。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是群居动物，通常会躲避人类，但是当点点在湖南岳阳的一个自然保护区与人们接触时，她很平静。A.curious好奇的；B.lonely寂寞的；C.nervous紧张的；D.calm平静的。根据后文可知点点是由工作人员养大的，所以和人类接触很平静。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：八年前，一周大的点点被她的鹿群遗弃了。A.organization组织；B.enemy敌人；C.herd群；D.keeper监护人。呼应上文“Theyareherdanimals”指一岁大的点点被她的鹿群遗弃了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们在湖边的芦苇中发现她时，她看起来太过虚弱和瘦弱，无法生存。A.survive幸存；B.perform表演；C.rescue营救；D.monitor监督。根据上文“shelookedtooweakandthinto”可知，点点很虚弱，无法存活。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区的饲养员的抚养下，点点逐渐开始把人当成朋友。A.Found找到；B.Trained训练；C.Ruled统治；D.Raised抚养，筹集。根据上文“one-week-oldDiandian”和后文“bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve”指饲养员抚养了点点，故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区的饲养员的抚养下，点点逐渐开始把人当成朋友。A.constantly持续地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.extremely非常；D.especially尤其。根据后文“startedtreatingpeopleasherfriends”和常识可知，点点逐渐开始把人当成朋友。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，由于保护区工作人员对她的关心和照顾，她已经是三头麋鹿的妈妈了。A.advice建议；B.attention关心，照料；C.research研究；D.command命令。根据后文“akeeperatthereservewhohastakencareofDiandianforyears.”可知，保护区工作人员对她关心和照顾，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，由于保护区工作人员对她的关心和照顾，她已经是三头麋鹿的妈妈了。A.party派对；B.freedom自由；C.staff员工；D.senior长者。呼应上文“bykeepersattheEastDongtingLakeNationalNatureReserve”指保护区工作人员对她的关心和照顾。故选C。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：“一旦有人靠近，大多数麋鹿都会跑开，但点点的行动是从容的，从容不急，”照顾点点多年的饲养员李政说。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.though虽然；D.once一旦。此处指一旦有人接近，大多数麋鹿都会跑开，应用once。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一旦有人靠近，大多数麋鹿都会跑开，但点点的行动是从容的，从容不急，”照顾点点多年的饲养员李政说。A.action行动；B.options选择；C.tone语气；D.thought想法。根据后文“andunhurried”指点点面对人类时行动很从容。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在岳阳麋鹿保护协会的李政等人的帮助下，包括点点在内的11只鹿有了自己的家庭。A.commercial（商业）广告；B.advertisement广告；C.conservation保护；D.transformation变化。根据上文“thehelpofpeoplelikeLiZhengfromamilu”指在岳阳麋鹿保护协会的李政等人的帮助下，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作人员做了很多事情来帮助保护和扩大动物的栖息地。A.capability能力；B.company公司；C.knowledge知识；D.habitats栖息地。根据上文“Thestaffhavedonemanythingstohelpprotectandexpandthe”以及常识，可知工作人员做了很多事情来帮助保护和扩大动物的栖息地。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个成员都有一个特定的研究角色，一些人会驾驶无人机，一些人会计算麋鹿的数量，还有一些人会根据鹿角的形状和大小来估计雄性麋鹿的年龄。A.specific特别的；B.complicated复杂的；C.noble崇高的；D.wonderful极好的。根据后文“researchrole,withsomeflyingdrones”可知，每个人都有一个特定的角色，负责相关的事务。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个成员都有一个特定的研究角色，一些人会驾驶无人机，一些人会计算麋鹿的数量，还有一些人会根据鹿角的形状和大小来估计雄性麋鹿的年龄。A.making制作；B.imagining想象；C.counting计算；D.predicting预测。根据后文“thenumberofmilusome15thenumberofmiluandsomeestimatingtheageofthemale”指有些工作人员会计算麋鹿的数量，故选C。【36题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：每个成员都有一个特定的研究角色，一些人会驾驶无人机，一些人会计算麋鹿的数量，还有一些人会根据鹿角的形状和大小来估计雄性麋鹿的年龄。A.basedon基于，根据；B.namedby命名；C.owingto由于；D.apartfrom分开。根据后文“theshapeandsizeoftheirantlers”指根据鹿角的形状和大小来估计雄性麋鹿的年龄。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他们的努力，在过去的几年里，麋鹿的数量逐渐恢复。A.changed改变；B.promoted促进；C.witnessed目击；D.experienced经历。根据主语“thepastseveralyearshave”可知，这里指在过去的几年里，麋鹿的数量逐渐恢复，主语为时间，表示“见证”动词用witness为固定用法。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他们的努力，在过去的几年里，麋鹿的数量逐渐恢复。A.recovery恢复；B.decline减少；C.limitation限制；D.study学习，研究。根据上文“Thankstotheirefforts”可知在他们的努力下，麋鹿的数量逐渐恢复。后文“themiludeerisnowprosperinginitshomecountry.”也是提示。故选A。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：曾经在中国绝迹的麋鹿，在世界上仅存18只，现在在它的祖国繁盛起来。A.famous出名的；B.extinct灭绝的；C.important重要的；D.prosperous繁荣的。根据后文“survivingintheworld”可知，曾经在中国绝迹的麋鹿，在世界上仅存18只，故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：曾经在中国绝迹的麋鹿，在世界上仅存18只，现在在它的祖国繁盛起来。A.females女性；B.groups团队；C.males男性；D.individuals个体。此处指18只麋鹿个体，应用名词individuals。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Wouldyouliketohaveyourownsatellite?YoucannowbuyoneonTaobao!Commsat,aChinesecommercialspacecompany,has____41____(recent)putthreecommercialsatellitesontheshelvesof____42____(it)storeonTaobao.Thesimplestsatellite,weighinglessthan5kilograms,____43____(call)the1Ucubesatellite(1U立方星),____44____costs2millionyuan.Itlookslikeamagiccubeontheoutside,butitisequippedwithspacecamerasandsolarpanels(太阳能板).Targetedatschooleducation,itcouldenablestudentstooperatesatelliteslikespace____45____(scientist),accordingtoCommsat.Itcanalsobeusedforresearchpurposes.Thecompanyalsoofferssatelliteservices,suchastakingselfies(自拍照)withtheEarth.Thecustomeronlyneedstouploadtheirownphotos,____46____thesatellitewillshowthephotoorscreenorinspace.ItwilltaketheselfieusingEarth____47____thebackground.ChineseinternetcelebrityLuoYonghaosoldCommsat’ssatelliteinhislivestreaming(直播)eventonMarch31st.Abuyer____48____(buy)thefirstsatellitesixminutesaftertheevenstarted,____49____(mark)thefirstpurchaseofasatelliteonane-commerceplatformintheworld,accordingtoBeijingDaily.Althoughbuyingsuchhigh-endproductsseemsfarawayfrommostpeople’slives,itwillhelppopularizespacetechnology,_____50_____(comment)GlobalTimes.【答案】41.recently42.its43.iscalled44.which45.scientists46.and##then47.as48.bought49.marking50.commented【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了中国商业航天公司Commsat最近在淘宝上的商店上架了三颗商业卫星。中国网红罗永浩在3月31日的直播活动中出售了Commsat的卫星。据《北京日报》报道，一名买家在直播开始六分钟后就购买了第一颗卫星，这是全球电子商务平台上首次购买卫星。41题详解】考查副词。句意：中国商业航天公司Commsat最近在淘宝上的商店上架了三颗商业卫星。修饰动词put应用