2023届四川省内江市高三第三次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）

2/22023届四川省内江市高三第三次模拟考试英语试题(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题，第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhendoestheshopcloseonSaturday?A.At9:00pm.B.At10:00pm.C.At11:00pm.2Whydoesthewomangooutsoearly?A.Toseeadoctor.B.Togettoheroffice.C.Towatchamatch.3.Whoprobablypickedthewoman’sroses?A.Theman.B.Herson.C.Herneighbor.4.WhydoesthemangotoBeijing?A.Towork.B.Totravel.C.Toseehisfriends.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Workproblems.B.Familymembers.C.Holidayplans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthemanoftengotowork?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.7.Whohelpedgetthedooropen?A.Hisbrother.B.Hisfather.C.Hismother.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buysomemedicine.B.Recommendafilm.C.Lookforarestaurant.9.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Excited.B.Annoyed.C.Uninterested.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Introducinganagency.B.Havingajobinterview.C.Showingthemanaround.11.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.France.B.Germany.C.Britain.12.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Officesupplies.B.Lifeinsurance.C.Afixedannualbonus.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.14.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.GetaChristmastree.B.VisitSam.C.Buykidssomegifts.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutAron?A.Helikestraveling.B.Heisastudent.C.Heworkshard.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandwaiter.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyarethethreetestsgiventothestudents?A.Toovercomethestudents’weaknesses.B.Toimprovethestudents’speaking.C.Todecidethestudents’level.18.Whowillgiveoutbookstothestudents?A.Rebecca.B.Stewart.C.Anna.19.Whatwillthestudentsdoateleveno’clock?A.Gotothereceptionarea.B.Gettheirpersonaltimetables.C.ReturntotheLearningCentre.20.Whatisthemainpurposeforthistalk?A.Totellwhatstudentswilldotoday.B.TointroducetheEnglishteachers.C.Todescribethetestsattheschool.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWildlifeCrossingBridgesTheWildlifeBridgeIn2018,Utahbuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighway1-80.A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges,soexpertsdidn’texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently,they’vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.TheRopeBridgeOnChina’sHainanIslandin2015,scientistscreatedabridgeforHainangibbonsthataretheworld’smostendangeredprimatesandnormallycrosstheforestbyswinginghighinthetrees.Butaftera2014typhoon,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge,whichsettledtheproblem.TheEco-BridgeInUttarakhandstateinIndia,theforestdepartmenthasbuiltaspecial"eco-bridge",madefromall-naturalmaterials.It’s27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground,too.Already,thebridgehasgottenalotofattentionontheInternet,withmanypeopletakingphotosinfrontofiteveryday.TheParkBridgeThePhilHardbergerParkliesinSanAntonio,Texas,andrecentlyithasopenedwhattheysayisthelargestwildlifebridgeintheUS.Thisbridge,unliketheothersmentionedhere,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.1.WhathasmadeexpertsfeelunexpectedabouttheWildlifeBridge?A.It’sbeencompletedwithin2years. B.It’sbeingusedbyanimalsalready.C.It’sbecomeanInternet-famoussite. D.It’sAmerica’sbiggestwildlifebridge.2.Whichbridgesrunoverhighways?A.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheEco-Bridge. B.TheWildlifeBridgeandtheRopeBridge.C.TheEco-BridgeandtheParkBridge. D.TheRopeBridgeandtheParkBridge.3.Whatisthecommonpurposeinbuildingthefourbridges?A.Toattractmoretourists. B.Toreducetrafficaccidents.C.Tosaveendangeredanimals. D.Tocreatewildlifepassageways.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文。介绍了四座专门为动物搭建的桥的特点和用途。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWildlifeBridge部分中“Normally,animalstakealongtimetodiscoverandbeginusingwildlifebridges,soexpertsdidn’texpectthebridgetogetmuchtrafficforseveralyears.Butrecently,they’vediscoveredmanydifferentkindsofanimalsarebeginningtomovebyusingthebridge.(通常情况下，动物需要很长时间才能发现并开始使用野生动物桥，所以专家们预计这座桥在几年内不会有太多交通流量。但最近，他们发现许多不同种类的动物开始利用这座桥来移动)”可知，专家们对野生动物桥已经被动物使用感到意外。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWildlifeBridge部分中“In2018,Utahbuiltawildlifebridgeoverthebusyhighway1-80.(2018年，犹他州在繁忙的1-80号高速公路上修建了一座野生动物桥)”以及TheEco-Bridge部分中“It’s27.5meterslongandrunsoveroneofthebusiesthighwaysinthearea.(它长27.5米，横跨该地区最繁忙的高速公路之一)”可知，野生动物桥和生态桥横跨高速公路。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWildlifeBridge部分中“A4.8-kilometerfencewascreatedtohelpguideanimalstothebridge.(一道4.8公里长的围栏被用来引导动物们到桥上)”；TheRopeBridge部分中“Butaftera2014typhoon,landslidescausedhugegapsintheforest,whichwereforcingthegibbonstomakedangerousjumps.Scientistscreatedasimpleandcheapropebridge,whichsettledtheproblem.(但2014年的台风过后，山体滑坡在森林中造成巨大缺口，迫使长臂猿做出危险的跳跃。科学家们发明了一种简单廉价的吊桥，解决了这个问题)”；TheEco-Bridge部分中“Thoughthebridgeishighinthetrees,forestdepartmentworkershopethebridgewillhelpsmalleranimalsontheground,too.(尽管这座桥位于高高的树上，森林部门的工作人员希望这座桥也能帮助地面上的小动物)”以及TheParkBridge部分中“Thisbridge,unliketheothersmentionedhere,wasbuiltforusebybothanimalsandhumans.Theparksaystheyhavealreadyseendeerusingthebridge.(这座桥不同于这里提到的其他桥，它既是供动物使用的，也是供人使用的。公园表示，他们已经看到鹿在桥上行走)”可知，建造这四座桥的共同目的是创建野生动物通道。故选D。BKathySullivanandanunderwaterexplorernamedVictorVescovodived10,915metersbelowthesurfaceofthePacificOceaninasubmarine(潜艇),makingthe68-year-oldex-astronautthefirstwomanevertoreachthatdepthandVescovotheonlypersontohavedivedtotheplacethreetimes.Dr.SullivanwasamongthefirstwomentojoinNASAasanastronaut.In1984，shetookpartina3.5hourspacewalkandbecamethefirstAmericanwomantotakepartinactivitiesinspaceoutsideofaspacecraft.Butshehasalsointendedtocontributesomethingtotheocean.AftersheleftNASAin1993,shebeganworkingforNOAA(NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration)asitschiefscientist.ThegoalofthesubmarinedivewastheMarianaTrench,thedeepestvalleyintheoceanfloor.Anditsdeepestpart,alsothedeepestpointonEarthisknownasChallengerDeepthatisnearly11kilometersbelowthesurfaceoftheocean.Atpresent,there’sonlyonesubmarinecalledLimitingFactorintheworldthatcantaketwopeopledownthatfar.ItwasbuiltforVescovo.Lastyear,Vescovousedittomapthedeepestpointsinallfiveoftheworld’soceans.Heisthefirstpersontohavedonethis.Becauseit’ssohardtogetdowntoChallengerDeep,beforeDr.Sullivan,onlysevenpeoplehadeverreachedit.Thistime,thetwospentaboutanhourandahalfatthebottom,takingpicturesoftheareatobeusedforSullivan’sstudies.Thetimeisrequiredtoadjusttothechangingpressurefromtheweightofthewaterabove,andittookfourhoursforthesubmarinetocomebacktothesurface.Afterthat,theymadeaphonecalltotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)tocompareideaswiththeastronautsaboutwhatwassimilarbetweentheirexperiences.ForDr.Sullivan,thisexperiencewasa“once-in-a-lifetimeday”.4.HowmanytimeshadVescovodivedtoChallengerDeepbeforeSullivan?A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSullivan?A.Ambitious. B.Considerate.C.Modest. D.Cautious.6.WhydidittakeSullivanandVescovo4hourstoreturntothesurface?A.Theymappedthedeepestpoints.B.Theytookpicturesinthesubmarine.C.TheyphonedtheISStoexchangeideas.D.Theyhadtodealwiththewaterpressure.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FortheDeepestOceanDive B.TheDeepestPointonEarthC.FromSpacetotheOceanDeep D.AOnce-in-a-lifetimeDay【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国第一位在太空行走的女航天员

凯西·沙利文又在她的成功清单上增加一个“第一”——她与另一位水下探险者维斯科沃

潜水近11公里到达了世界上海洋最深的地方：

Challenger

Deep

。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“KathySullivanandanunderwaterexplorernamedVictorVescovodived10,915metersbelowthesurfaceofthePacificOceaninasubmarine(潜艇),makingthe68-year-oldex-astronautthefirstwomanevertoreachthatdepthandVescovotheonlypersontohavedivedtotheplacethreetimes.”（凯西·沙利文和一位名叫维克多·维斯科沃的水下探险家乘坐一艘潜艇潜入了太平洋表面下10915米的地方，这位68岁的前宇航员成为了第一位到达这个深度的女性，而维斯科沃是唯一一个三次潜入这个地方的人。）可知，维斯科沃在沙利文之前潜入过挑战者深渊两次。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Becauseit’ssohardtogetdowntoChallengerDeep,beforeDr.Sullivan,onlysevenpeoplehadeverreachedit.Thistime,thetwospentaboutanhourandahalfatthebottom,takingpicturesoftheareatobeusedforSullivan’sstudies.Thetimeisrequiredtoadjusttothechangingpressurefromtheweightofthewaterabove,andittookfourhoursforthesubmarinetocomebacktothesurface.Afterthat,theymadeaphonecalltotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)tocompareideaswiththeastronautsaboutwhatwassimilarbetweentheirexperiences.ForDr.Sullivan,thisexperiencewasa“once-in-a-lifetimeday”.”（因为很难下到挑战者深渊，在沙利文博士之前，只有七个人到达过那里。这一次，两人在海底待了大约一个半小时，拍摄了沙利文研究用的区域。这需要时间来适应上方水的重量所带来的压力变化，潜艇花了四个小时才回到水面。之后，他们给国际空间站(ISS)打了一个电话，与宇航员比较他们的经历之间的相似之处。对沙利文博士来说，这是“一生只有一次的一天”。）可推知，最能描述沙利文的精神品质是雄心勃勃的。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thetimeisrequiredtoadjusttothechangingpressurefromtheweightofthewaterabove,andittookfourhoursforthesubmarinetocomebacktothesurface.”（这需要时间来适应上方水的重量所带来的压力变化，潜艇花了四个小时才回到水面。）可知，沙利文和维斯科沃花了四个小时才回到地面是因为他们必须应对水压。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Dr.SullivanwasamongthefirstwomentojoinNASAasanastronaut.In1984，shetookpartina3.5hourspacewalkandbecamethefirstAmericanwomantotakepartinactivitiesinspaceoutsideofaspacecraft.Butshehasalsointendedtocontributesomethingtotheocean.AftersheleftNASAin1993,shebeganworkingforNOAA(NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration)asitschiefscientist.”（沙利文博士是第一批加入美国宇航局的女性宇航员之一。1984年，她参加了一次3.5小时的太空行走，成为第一位在宇宙飞船外参加太空活动的美国女性。但她也想为海洋做点什么。1993年离开NASA后，她开始为美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)工作，担任首席科学家。）以及最后一段中“Afterthat,theymadeaphonecalltotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)tocompareideaswiththeastronautsaboutwhatwassimilarbetweentheirexperiences.ForDr.Sullivan,thisexperiencewasa“once-in-a-lifetimeday”.”（之后，他们给国际空间站(ISS)打了一个电话，与宇航员比较他们的经历之间的相似之处。对沙利文博士来说，这是“一生只有一次的一天”。）可知，本文主要谈到了：沙利文博士在航天领域做出了贡献，退役后，又为

NOAA

工作，并潜水到世界上海洋最深的地方做科研。“从太空到海洋深处”最能概括她的经历。故选C项。CAgreatamountofdark,stickytar(焦油)wasreportedalongIsrael’scoastlastweek.Anoffshoreoiltankerisbelievedtohaveleakedout.Thefloatingoilcanformtarballsasitispushedbywindandwavesontheocean’ssurface.Afteraviolentstorm,thetarballswereseenashore.Israelhasabout190kilometersofbeaches.Thetarhasalreadyhadabigeffectonthelocalwildlife.Volunteerswereworkingquicklytorescueseabirds,turtles,andfish.Someanimalswerecoveredinoilortar.Othershadswallowedit.Thebodyofayoungwhalewasfoundwasheduponshore.Thewhaleappearedtohavediedafterswallowingablackoilyliquid.Thegovernmenthasaskedpeopletoavoidgoingtothebeach,sincetarexposurecanmakepeoplesickanddoharmtotheskin.Anumberofvolunteershadtobetakentothehospitalafterbreathingintheairpollutedbychemicalsfromthetar.ExpertsfromIsraelandEuropearestilltryingtofigureoutexactlywhathappened.Theleakisbelievedtohavetakenplaceaboutaweekago,whentherewerestrongstormsinthearea.IsraelbelievedthatashipleakedtensorevenhundredsoftonsofoilintheMediterranean.Expertsareworkingtogethertoreviewsatelliteimages(图像)ofshipsthatpassedthroughthearea,andtheyhavealistofabout10shipsthatarethemostlikelyonestoleakout.TheIsraelNatureandParksAuthoritywarnedthatthe“consequenceswillbeseenforyearstocome.”IsraelienvironmentalministerGilaGamlielsaidonSaturdaythatthereisnomorefloatingoilvisibleoffIsrael’scoast,“whichisaveryanimativecondition.”However,theministrywarnedthatlargewavesareforecastthisweek.Thewavescouldcarrythestickytarfrombeachtobeach,whichcouldmakecleanupeffortsmoredifficult.8.Whatbroughtthetarballstotheshore?A.Anoilship. B.Theseaanimals.C.Astrongstorm. D.Thefloatingoil.9.Whatcanbelearntabouttheoiltankerleak?A.Whenittookplacehasn’tbeensure. B.Israelhasfoundoutthecauseofit.C.Who’sresponsibleforitisunclear. D.Volunteershavetriedhardtostopit.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“animative”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Challenging. B.Natural. C.Rare. D.Encouraging.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspaperisthistextmostlikelytoappear?A.Health. B.Environment. C.Science. D.Trade.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在以色列发生的游轮漏油事件对当地的野生动物产生了很大影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thefloatingoilcanformtarballsasitispushedbywindandwavesontheocean’ssurface.Afteraviolentstorm,thetarballswereseenashore.(漂浮的石油在海面上被风和波浪推动时会形成焦油球。在一场猛烈的风暴之后，人们看到焦油球在岸上)”可知，焦油球是被风暴冲到了岸上，故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Expertsareworkingtogethertoreviewsatelliteimages(图像)ofshipsthatpassedthroughthearea,andtheyhavealistofabout10shipsthatarethemostlikelyonestoleakout.(专家们正在共同审查通过该地区的船只的卫星图像，他们列出了大约10艘最有可能泄漏的船只)”可知，大约10艘最有可能造成泄漏事故，可推理出事故船只是哪一个还并不清楚，故选C项。10题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词上文“thereisnomorefloatingoilvisibleoffIsrael’scoast(以色列海岸外已经看不到漂浮的石油)”可知，被污染的以色列海岸已经将漂浮的石油清理完，可推理出这是一个令人振奋人心的好消息，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Agreatamountofdark,stickytar(焦油)wasreportedalongIsrael’scoastlastweek.Anoffshoreoiltankerisbelievedtohaveleakedout.(据报道，上周以色列海岸出现了大量深色粘稠的焦油。据信，一艘海上油轮已经泄漏)”、第二段“Thefloatingoilcanformtarballsasitispushedbywindandwavesontheocean’ssurface.Afteraviolentstorm,thetarballswereseenashore.(漂浮的石油在海面上被风和波浪推动时会形成焦油球。在一场猛烈的风暴之后，人们看到焦油球在岸上)”以及最后一段“TheIsraelNatureandParksAuthoritywarnedthatthe“consequenceswillbeseenforyearstocome(以色列自然和公园管理局警告说，“后果将在未来几年内显现”)”可知本文在第一段提出了油轮泄露这一话题，后续段落讲的是石油泄漏对环境的影响，所以本文很有可能在报纸的环境专栏看到，故选B项。DTherainforestsofeasternAustraliaarehometoastinging(刺人的)treeknownasDendrocnide.Manypeoplecallitthegympie-gympietree—anamegiventothetreebyindigenousAustralians.Thoughitlooksliketheleaves,it’sactuallycoveredwithsharp,needle-likehairsthatcarrypoison.Ifyoubrushupagainstagympie-gympietree,youwon’tforgetthepainanytimesoon.ScientistsdoingresearchonitattheUniversityofQueenslandhavelongstudiedthesourceofthispowerfulsting,lookingforaneurotoxin—apoisonthataffectshumanbodies.Aftercarefullystudyingdifferentkindsofgympie-gympietrees,thescientistswereabletoseparateoutdifferentchemicalsthatthetreesproduce.Thisallowedthemtoidentifyagroupofchemicalsthattheybelievedwasresponsibleforthepain.Theresearcherscreatedtheman-madeversionsofthem,whichtheycall“gympietides”.Sureenough,whenthescientistsinjected(注射)micewithgympietides,themicebitgentlytheplaceswherethey’dbeeninjected—indicatingthattheyhurtinthoseplaces.Whenthescientistsstudiedthewaygympietideswerebuilt,theyfoundthattheyformedaknot-likeshape.Theshapemakesthechemicalverystable,whichhelpsexplainhowthepainlastssolong.Theknot-likeshapeofthegympietideswassimilartotheshapeofpoisonsproducedbypoisonousspidersandconesnails(锥形蜗牛).Thescientistsfoundoutthefinalfactthatthreeverydifferentkindsoflifeallusesimilarpoisons,whichwasbeyondtheirimagination.Thoughitsstingmaystopsomeanimalsfromeatingit,itdoesn’tstopallanimals.Beetlesandsmallrelativesofthekangaroocalledpademelonsareabletoeattheplantwithouttrouble.12.What’sthepurposeoftheresearchonthestingtrees?A.Tostopthemhurtingpeople. B.Toidentifythetypesofthem.C.Toexplainwhytheysting. D.Tofindouttheirpoisons.13.Whatdoweknowaboutgympietides?A.Theyaremadeinthelabartificially.B.Theyaretakenfromthestingtrees.C.Theyareoftenusedtotreatthemice.D.Theyarepoisonsfromotheranimals.14.Howdidtheresearchersfeelabouttheirfinalfinding?A.Itwasunsatisfying. B.Itwasnormal.C.Itwasdoubtful. D.Itwasunexpected.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Treesgivingoffpoison. B.Stingtrees’secret.C.Poisonandpainoftrees. D.Trees’powerfulstings.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了澳大利亚热带雨林里的刺人树所含的神经毒素，它能使人感到疼痛，科学家们对它做了相关研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ScientistsdoingresearchonitattheUniversityofQueenslandhavelongstudiedthesourceofthispowerfulsting,lookingforaneurotoxin—apoisonthataffectshumanbodies.(昆士兰大学的科学家们长期以来一直在研究这种强烈刺痛的来源，寻找一种神经毒素——一种影响人体的毒素)”和第三段中“Theknot-likeshapeofthegympietideswassimilartotheshapeofpoisonsproducedbypoisonousspidersandconesnails(锥形蜗牛).(金皮肽结状的形态与毒蜘蛛和锥形蜗牛产生的毒素的形态相似)”可知，科学家研究刺人树的目的是找到树的毒素，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theresearcherscreatedtheman-madeversionsofthem,whichtheycall‘gympietides’.(研究人员创造了它们的人造版本，他们称之为‘gympietides’)”可知，gympietides是在实验室人为创造出来的，故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Thescientistsfoundoutthefinalfactthatthreeverydifferentkindsoflifeallusesimilarpoisons,whichwasbeyondtheirimagination.(科学家们发现了最后一个事实，三种截然不同的生命都使用类似的毒药，这超出了他们的想象)”可知，最后的结果令研究人员感到出乎意料。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“ScientistsdoingresearchonitattheUniversityofQueenslandhavelongstudiedthesourceofthispowerfulsting,lookingforaneurotoxin—apoisonthataffectshumanbodies.(昆士兰大学的科学家们长期以来一直在研究这种强烈刺痛的来源，寻找一种神经毒素——一种影响人体的毒素)”可知，本文是关于刺人树释放的毒素以及关于它的研究，B项“刺人树的秘密”能够总结文章大意，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Peopleoftenseemeasytopickupinfectionsandcatchcoldswherevertheygo.Butalittlepreventioncangoalongwayforkidsandadults.Justfollowthesetips:____16____Toreallysendbacteriaaway,aquickwashwon’tcutit.Takeyourtimelathering(涂肥皂泡沫)up,andpayextraattentiontothebacksofyourhands,betweenyourfingers,andunderyournails.____17____Teachyourkids(andyourself)tosingatthesink:Whenyou’vefinishedtworoundsof“HappyBirthday”,it’stimetowash.Gotobedearly.Researchhasshownthatnotgettingenoughsleepcanmakeyoumorelikelytogetsickwhenyoupickupcoldviruses.____18____Adultsshouldaimforatleast7hoursanight,whileschool-agekidsneed10ormore.Getaflushot.Everyoneinyourfamilywhoisolderthan6monthsshouldgetoneeachyear.Whataboutbabies?They’retooyoungtogetflushots,buttheycanhaveseriousproblemsiftheygettheflu.____19____Eatarainbow.Balanced,healthymealswithplentyoffruitsandvegetablescanhelpkeepeveryone’simmune(免疫)systemintopform.LookforfoodsrichinvitaminA(sweetpotatoes,carrots),vitaminC(fruits),andvitaminE(sunflowerseeds).Leanprotein(seafood,eggs,beans)canalsohelpboostyourbody,defenses.Whataboutthoseso-calledhealthproductsthatclaimtoboostyourimmunitywithbigdosesofvitamins?____20____Ahealthydietismorereliablefuelforyourimmunesystem.A.Notsureifyou’vewashedenough?B.Improveyourhand-washingtechnique.C.Makesureyouhaveenoughsoapsfordailyuse.D.Andthelessrestyouget,thegreateryourchances.E.Muchguessworkhappenswhenyourchildhasacoldortheflu.F.Sciencehasshownthattheywillnotstopyoufromgettingacold.G.Soobviously,itisextraimportantfortheircaregiverstogetflushotsinstead.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们似乎无论走到哪里都很容易感染和感冒。但对孩子和成年人来说，一点预防措施就能大有帮助。文章给出了几点建议。【16题详解】由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Toreallysendbacteriaaway,aquickwashwon’tcutit.Takeyourtimelathering(涂肥皂泡沫)up,andpayextraattentiontothebacksofyourhands,betweenyourfingers,andunderyournails.”（要想真正赶走细菌，快速清洗是行不通的。慢慢地往身上抹泡沫，要特别注意手背、指缝和指甲下面。）可知，主要讲的是洗手的具体步骤。结合选项B项Improveyourhand-washingtechnique.（提高你的洗手技巧。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选B项。【17题详解】根据下文“Teachyourkids(andyourself)tosingatthesink:Whenyou’vefinishedtworoundsof“HappyBirthday”,it’stimetowash.”（教你的孩子(和你自己)在水池边唱歌：当你唱完两轮“生日快乐”时，是时候洗好了。）可知，讲的是洗完手的具体时间。结合选项A项Notsureifyou’vewashedenough?（不确定你是否洗够了？）上下文意思一致，都是讲的洗手的相关事情，下文是对空格处内容的具体解释和说明，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Researchhasshownthatnotgettingenoughsleepcanmakeyoumorelikelytogetsickwhenyoupickupcoldviruses.”（研究表明，睡眠不足会让你在感染感冒病毒时更容易生病。）说明睡眠不足会让你更容易生病。下文“Adultsshouldaimforatleast7hoursanight,whileschool-agekidsneed10ormore.”（成年人应该每晚至少睡7个小时，而学龄儿童需要10个或更多。）提出需要的睡眠时间。结合选项D项Andthelessrestyouget,thegreateryourchances.（休息得越少，你的生病几率就越大。）可知，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【19题详解】由该空格处位于该段句尾可知，为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“Everyoneinyourfamilywhoisolderthan6monthsshouldgetoneeachyear.Whataboutbabies?They’retooyoungtogetflushots,buttheycanhaveseriousproblemsiftheygettheflu.”（家里6个月以上的人都应该每年送一次。那婴儿呢？他们还太小，不能注射流感疫苗，但如果他们得了流感，就会有严重的问题。）可知，主要讲的是注射流感疫苗。结合选项G项Soobviously,itisextraimportantfortheircaregiverstogetflushotsinstead.（所以很明显，对他们的照顾者来说，接种流感疫苗是非常重要的。）可知，与上文内容相关，都是讲的接种流感疫苗的事情，为上文内容的总结。故选G项。【20题详解】上文“Whataboutthoseso-calledhealthproductsthatclaimtoboostyourimmunitywithbigdosesofvitamins?”（那些声称含有大剂量维生素可以提高免疫力的所谓保健品呢？）下文“Ahealthydietismorereliablefuelforyourimmunesystem.”（健康的饮食是免疫系统更可靠的燃料。）结合选项F项Sciencehasshownthattheywillnotstopyoufromgettingacold.（科学表明，它们并不能阻止你得感冒。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，该句中的they指的就是上文提到的大剂量维生素，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwas2o’clockinthemorning.Arichmanstilllayawakeonhisbed,sohewentoutandkept____21____thehousebutwasstillfeelingunrest.____22____,hedrovehiscarandwentoutonstreetsofthecity____23____.Ontheway,hesawanoldtempleandthought,“IfIgotothetempleandsitthereand____24____,maybethenIwillfindsome____25____.”Whentherichmanwent____26____thetemple,hesawapersonwasalready____27____onthefloor.Hewaslookingvery____28____.Therichmanaskedhim,“Brother,whyareyouhereatsuchatime?What’swrong?Whyareyousad?”Themanreplied,“Mywifeisinhospital.Ifsheisn’t____29____soon,shewon’tbeableto_____30_____anddie.Ihavenomoneyfortheoperation.Ireallyfeel_____31_____forthis.”Hearingthis,therichmanputhis_____32_____inthepocketandgaveallthemoneyhehadinhispockettothatman.Themansighedwith_____33_____.Aftergivingthemoney,therichmantookouthiscard,saying“Ithasmyphonenumberand_____34_____,ifyouneedanythingelse,feel_____35_____togetintouchwithme.”Theman_____36_____thecardandsaid,“Thecardisnot_____37_____.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Withthe_____38_____andyourencouragement,I’llfindthewayoutof_____39_____times.”Therichmansuddenlyfeltasenseofinnerpeace.Hewenthomeandhada_____40_____sleep.21.A.searchingfor B.escapingfrom C.breakinginto D.walkingaround22.A.Amazed B.Sleepless C.Curious D.Ashamed23.A.cautiously B.breathlessly C.randomly D.tirelessly24.A.sleep B.pray C.dash D.calculate25.A.peace B.honor C.faith D.darkness26.A.near B.against C.inside D.under27.A.weeping B.relaxing C.lying D.sitting28.A.blue B.wealthy C.angry D.elegant29.A.runinto B.lookedafter C.sentfor D.operatedon30.A.stand B.survive C.work D.appear31.A.blameless B.fearless C.helpless D.homeless32.A.head B.hand C.foot D.ankle33.A.relief B.laughter C.energy D.hesitation34.A.age B.agenda C.address D.summary35.A.awesome B.desperate C.calm D.free36.A.measured B.seized C.returned D.held37.A.needed B.offered C.ignored D.appreciated38.A.fight B.dream C.success D.cash39A.contradictory B.tough C.confidential D.appropriate40.A.sound B.vague C.permanent D.special【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.D30.B31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D36.C37.A38.D39.B40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个富人一天凌晨睡不着觉，开车去街上，看见一座寺庙，走进寺庙打算祈祷内心的平静，却遇到一个人正处在艰难时期，没有钱给他的妻子做手术，富人拿出自己所有的钱帮助了那个人，内心感到平静，回家睡了一个好觉。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个富人仍然醒着躺在床上，所以他出去在房子里走来走去，但仍然感到不安。A.searchingfor寻找；B.escapingfrom逃避；C.breakinginto闯入；D.walkingaround绕……而走。根据上文“Itwas2o’clockinthemorning.Arichmanstilllayawakeonhisbed,sohewentout”可知一个富人凌晨两点还没有睡着觉，所以应该是出去绕着房子走来走去，故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他睡不着觉，开着车，随意地走在城市的街道上。A.Amazed惊讶的；B.Sleepless不眠的；C.Curious好奇的；D.Ashamed羞愧的。根据上文可知这个人凌晨2点睡不着觉，绕房子转来转去，仍然没有好转，因此此处为睡不着，便开车出去了，故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.cautiously谨慎地；B.breathlessly屏息地；C.randomly随便地；D.tirelessly不倦地。根据上文“____2____,hedrovehiscarandwentoutonstreetsofthecity”可知睡不着觉，半夜开车出去应该是随便地走，没有目的性，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路上，他看到一座古庙，心想：“如果我到庙里去，坐在那里祈祷，也许我就会得到一些安宁。”A.sleep睡觉；B.pray祈祷；C.dash急奔；D.calculate计算。根据上文“Ontheway,hesawanoldtempleandthought”可知看见寺庙是要进去祈祷，故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.peace安宁；B.honor荣誉；C.faith信任；D.darkness黑暗。根据前文可知，这个人睡不着觉，感到不安，所以应该去寺庙里祈祷安宁，故选A。【26题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：当富人走进寺庙时，他看到一个人已经坐在地板上了。A.near接近；B.against反对；C.inside在……里面；D.under在……下面。根据上文““IfIgotothetempleandsitthereand____4____,maybethenIwillfindsome____5____.””可知富人应该是走进寺庙，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.weeping哭泣；B.relaxing放松；C.lying躺；D.sitting坐。根据上文““IfIgotothetempleandsitthere”可知这里应该是sit的词汇复现，看见有人正坐在寺庙里，故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义