2024-2025学年高中英语课时分层作业11Unit4GlobalwarmingSectionⅡ含解析新人教版选修6

PAGE1-课时分层作业(十一)SectionⅡ(建议用时：30分钟)[语言学问练习固基础]单句语法填空1．I'llneverunderstandhowitcameaboutthatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek．2．Afteraquickglanceatthepatient，thedoctorarrangedforanambulance．3．Yourstatement(state)istoogeneral．Couldyoubemorespecificaboutwhatyou'regoingtodointhefuture?4．Opposed(oppose)tothenewplan，mostofthemembersleftthemeetingroom．5．Youshouldeatalittlemoreevenif/thoughyoudon'tlikethefood．6．Ifyousubscribetothenewspaper，itwillbedeliveredtoyourdoor．7．Thoughheislessthanoneyearold，heisstrongenoughtowalksteadily(steady)．8．Itendtowake(wake)upearlyinthemorning．9．Oncethebalanceofnatureisdisturbed，itmayresultinanumberofunforeseeneffects．10．Idon'tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime．[高考题型练习提实力]Ⅰ．阅读理解Weusemorethan20milliontonsofsodiumchloride(氯化钠)onourroadwayseverywinter．That'sabout13timesmoresaltthanisusedbytheentirefoodprocessingindustry．Saltlowersthefreezingtemperatureofwaterandthusmeltssnowandice．Butitspublicsafetybenefitsdocomewithsomeecologicaldrawbacks．Thebiggestconcernwithroadsaltishowitaffectswaterquality．Thematerialdoesn'tjustdisappearwhenthesnowandicemelts：Itiswashedawayintolakesandstreamsorgetsintogroundwatersupplies．Researchersrecentlyfoundthat，intheurbanTwinCitiesarea，70percentofthesaltappliedtoroadsstayswithintheregion'swatershed(水源区)．Onceitgetsthere，thepollutionisdifficultandexpensivetoremove．Saltygroundwatercanmakeforsaltydrinkingwells．That'sahealthissueforpeopleonrestricted­sodiumdietsandatasteproblemforeveryoneelse．Whensaltgetsintolakesandstreams，itcanalsoharmplantsandanimalsthere．Roadsaltcanaffecttheenvironmentinotherways，too．Itcanerode(腐蚀)soilandplantsasfaras650feetaway．Roadsidescanalsoturnintoasortofartificialsaltlick(盐碱地)thatwouldbeattractivetoanimals．Asaresult，theyrunahigherriskofbecomingroadkill．Birdsarecommonvictims，aswell．Soifsaltissoproblematic，whyarewestillusingit?Becauseit'scheap．Alternativechemicalscanbemuchmoreexpensive，andtheyoftenrequirenewspreadingequipment．Asresearcherscontinuetolookforsubstitutes，thereareplentyofwaysthatroadcrewscancutbackontheirsaltusage．Pre­wettingthesalt，forexample，allowsformorecontrolledapplicationandbetterstickingpower．Weathermonitoringiskey，too：Applyingsaltjustbeforeastormhits，sothatthesnowcan'tadhere(附着)totheground，isusuallymoreefficientthanwaitinguntilafterthesnowhasfallen．【语篇解读】本文是争论文。主要论述了道路用盐对环境的负面影响及削减道路用盐的方法。1．Howdoesroadsaltmeltsnowandice?A．Bychangingtheweather．B．Byraisingtheirtemperatures．C．Byraisingthetemperatureofroads．D．Bychangingthefreezingpointofwater．D[细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Saltlowersthefreezingtemperatureofwaterandthusmeltssnowandice．”可知，道路用盐通过降低水的冰点使冰雪溶化。]2．Theauthorismostworriedabouttheinfluenceofroadsalton．A．trafficsafety B．waterqualityC．soilconditions D．plantsandanimalsB[细微环节理解题。依据其次段开头的“Thebiggestconcernwithroadsaltishowitaffectswaterquality．”可得出答案。]3．It'smentionedinthetextthatbirds．A．oftendiebecauseoferodedsoilB．oftendiebecauseofpollutedwaterC．areoftenkilledbyvehiclesonroadsD．areoftenkilledbyotheranimalsinthefieldsC[推理推断题。依据第四段中的“Roadsidescanalsoturnintoasortofartificial．．．Birdsarecommonvictims，aswell．”可推断出，鸟类常在舔食道路用盐时被路上的交通工具碾压致死。]4．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Howtouseroadsaltmoreefficiently．B．Researchersarelookingforsubstitutes．C．Roadcrewsaremonitoringtheweather．D．Theadvantagesofalternativechemicals．A[段落大意题。依据最终一段中的“thereareplentyofwaysthatroadcrewscancutbackontheirsaltusage”及下文列举的方法可知，本段主要讲如何用较少的道路用盐达到溶化冰雪的效果，也就是如何更有效地运用道路用盐。]Ⅱ．完形填空Globalwarmingischangingthemigrationpatternsofmanybirds，alteringflightpathsthathaveremainedunchangedforgenerationsandthatwerefirmlyanchored(固定)intheirgenes，scientists1．“WarminginEuropehaschanged2themigrationdirectionofthewarbler(莺)，”saidbehaviour3EberhardCurioofBochumUniversityinwesternGermany'sRuhrregion．ThesmallbirdsnativetocentralandeasternEurope4tomigratesouthwesttospendwinterinsouthernFrance，Spain5northernAfrica．ButnowCuriosaysmanyofthemflywestwardtospendthe6monthsinsouthernEngland．“7changesinmigrationpatternsaretheresultof8selection．Thebirdsthatflyina(n)9directionwilldie，”thebiologistsaid，“whilethebirdsthatflytomorefavorabledestinationspassonthisbehaviourpatterntotheir10．”Researchers11believethatbirdsuseakindofsecondsensetoorienttheirmigrationpatterns，eithera12orientation(定向；定位)basedonthepositionofthesun，orwiththe13ofasortofinnercompass．“Sinceanimalspossessapreciseinnerclock，theycandeterminetheirpositionbythesunandthestars，”saidCurio．Navigationbyinnercompass14theEarth'smagnetic(有磁性的)field．15，theroutestakenbydifferentspeciesofbirdsareverymuchinfluencedbytheirflightcapabilities．【语篇解读】全球变暖正在变更很多鸟类的迁徙模式，并变更其世世代代都保持不变的飞行路径。1．A．say B．interpretC．recall D．solveA[前面提到的事为科学家所“说；讲”，故选A项。interpret说明；翻译；recall回想；回忆；solve解决。]2．A．verbally B．likelyC．similarly D．probablyD[verbally言词上；口头地；similarly相像地；likely和probably都有“很可能”的意思，但likely在此搭配有误。]3．A．learner B．researcherC．doctor D．fellowshipB[由第三段克里奥(Curio)所视察到的鸟类迁徙现象然后得出结论可知，他是一个行为探讨者。researcher探讨者；探讨员。]C．remembered D．usedD[由下文“ButnowCuriosays．．．”一句可知，这些鸟类“过去经常”迁徙到西南方。]5．A．but B．suchasC．and D．toC[几个地区、国家名称并列，用and连接。]6．A．hotter B．coolerC．colder D．warmerC[上句winter有示意。]7．A．Such B．SoC．Suchmany D．ManyaA[承接上文，迁徙方式的这些变更，用“suchchanges”。]8．A．artificial B．naturalC．intentional D．physicalB[依据自然科学常识，鸟类迁徙的变更是自然选择的结果。natural自然的。]9．A．unfavorable B．advantageousC．favorite D．badA[该句与下句形成对比，由morefavorable可知此句填unfavorable。]10．A．forefathers B．parentsC．counterparts