专题06 阅读理解说明文和应用文26篇（中考真题+各区名校模拟）2023年广州中考英语冲刺专项训练（解析版）

专题07：阅读理解说明文和应用文26篇（3年真题+各区名校模拟）2023年广州中考英语冲刺专题训练（解析版）（2022·广东广州·统考中考真题）Whenyouandyourfriendsturntoeachothertotalkaboutproblemsortroubles,yougiveeachotheradviceandhelp.Oneimportantthingofourgrowthistomakedecisionstohelpourfriendsandlearntosupporteachother.Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways.Thefirststeptowardhelpingothersistoidentifythattheyneedhelp.Weallknowthatdifficultiesarepartofourdailylives.However,sometimessmallthingscanleadtomoreseriousproblemsthatrequiremorehelp.It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell.Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife.Whenwecommunicatewithothers,weneedtolearnwhentospeakandwhennotto.Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives.Listeningandpayingattentiontootherswhentheyspeakisasignofrespectandaskillthatwillleadtodeeperandbetterrelationships.1．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Todiscusswhypeoplehelpeachother. B．Todescribetheproblemsofgivinghelp.C．Tointroducetheadvantagesofgivinghelp. D．Toexplainhowwecanhelpothersproperly.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“identify”inparagraph2mean?A．Require. B．Discover. C．Suggest. D．Remember.3．Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A．Actasagoodlistenertoyourfriends. B．Learnhowtogiveadvicetoyourfriends.C．Payattentiontoyourfriends’unusualacts. D．Buildgoodrelationshipswithyourfriends.4．Accordingtothewriter,whatshouldyoudoifyourfriendsdon’tfollowyouradviceontheirseriousproblems?A．Keeptheirproblemsassecrets. B．Letthemmaketheirowndecisions.C．Findoutthecausesoftheirproblems. D．Gethelpfromtheirtrustedteachers.【答案】1．D

2．B

3．A

4．C【导语】本文讲述用正确的方式帮助朋友的建议。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisrequiresustolearnwhatitmeanstohelpfriendsandhowtohelptheminrightways”可知，文章主要为了讲述帮助朋友意味着什么，怎样以正确的方式帮助朋友。故选D。2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’simportanttomakesurewhentohelpafriend.Forexample,youmaypickupsomesignsthatyourfriendsarenotactinglikethemselves.Thesesignsshowtheymaynotbewell”可知，确认什么时候帮助朋友是重要的，“identify”表达“识别，确认”，相当于“discover”。故选B。3．段落大意题。根据“Thenextsteptowardhelpingothersistolisten.Payingattentiontootherswhilelisteningisveryimportantthroughoutourlife”可知，第三段讲述帮助朋友接下来的一步是做一个好的聆听者。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Aslisteners,weshouldtrytounderstandwhatthespeakersarefeelingorexperiencingandtrytoseethingsfromtheirperspectives”可知，如果在很严重的问题上朋友不听取你的建议，你应该努力弄懂朋友的感受和经历，努力从他们的角度看问题。可知需要弄清楚问题的原因。故选C。2.（2022·广东广州·统考中考真题）Imagineyouareinanewcity.Youasksomeonehowtogettoabookstore.Theytellyoutogostraight,turnleft,andyouwillfinditonyourleft.Infact,youcanalsofindyourwaywithaphone.Nowimagineyouareinanoutdoorgame.Youonlyhaveamapandacompass,andinsteadofrunningdownacityroad,youmayneedtorunaroundinthewoods,climboverrocksandgoupanddownhills.Welcometoorienteering!Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations.Thesestationsarecalledcontrols.Aspecialflag,usuallyinbrightcolours,markseachcontrol.Controlsarenoteasytofind.Theymaybeinfrontofabigrockorbehindatree.Inmostofthegames,you’llhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder,butinsomegamesyoucanchangetheorder.Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways(SeeFigure1).Thecardsareveryimportantbecauseplayersmustfindallthecontrolstowin.Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircards.Theymightcrossthefinishlinefirst,butthenextpersontofinishwithafullcardwillwinthegame.Figure1Whatwillplayerscarryinthegame?A．Amap,acompassandaflag. B．Aflag,acompassandacard.C．Acompass,amapandacard. D．Aphone,acompassandamap.6．Whichofthefollowingisaruleofthegame?A．Youdon’tneedtomarkthecards.B．Youcan’tmissanyofthecontrolstowin.C．Youhavetofindcontrolsinnumberedorder.D．Youmustbethefirsttopassthefinishlinetowin.7．HowmanycontrolshasAnnafinishedinthegame?A．9. B．10. C．11. D．12.【答案】5．C

6．B

7．B【导语】本文讲述定向运动游戏的具体操作说明。5．细节理解题。根据“Inthegameoforienteering,playersuseamapandacompasstofindstations”及“Ateachcontrol,playersmarkacardtheycarrywiththemandthecardwillbemarkedindifferentways”可知，在游戏中，需要携带一张地图，一个指南针和一张卡片。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据“Ifsomeonemissesacontrol,theywon’thavethatmarkontheircard”，可知如果错过了一个控制点，就不会在卡片上得到那个得分，可知不能错过赢的任何控制点。故选B。7．推理判断题。根据表格的控制点有1到5,7到9，以及11到12，可知共完成10个控制点。故选B。3.（2021·广东广州·统考中考真题）

Thetop-sellingalbum(唱片),SongsoftheHumpbackWhale,wasmadepublicin1970.Thiscollectionofnaturerecordingschangedthewaymanypeoplethoughtaboutwhales,andithelpedsavethousandsofwhales’lives.ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington.Inthe1960s,Watlingtonwasmakingunderwaterrecordingswhenhenoticedsomestrange,deepsounds.Herealizedtheywerecomingfromwhales.WatlingtonplayedtherecordingsforapairofscientistsnamedRogerandKatyPayne.Whentheylistened,theyfellinlovewiththesebeautifulvoicesatonce.KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌剧)singer.Shealsonoticedanotherinterestingfact:thesoundshadclearpatterns.Accordingtoscientists,ananimalsoundwitharepeatingpatterniscalledasong.Somescientistsevencomparedthesesinginganimalstomusicians.ThePaynesthoughtthatotherpeopleshouldalsohearthebeautyofthewhales’songs.SoRogermadetherecordingsintoanalbum.Atthetimewhenthealbumcameout,whaleswereoftencaught,killedandtradedformoney.Somekindswereevenindangerofdyingout.Mostpeoplehadneverthoughtthatwhalescouldcommunicatethroughsongs.Butafterhearingthealbum,theybegantothinkdifferently.Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales.Musiciansbeganusingwhalesongsintheirmusic,andwhaleswereincludedinmoviesandtelevisionshows.In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade.Beforeit,inthe1950sand1960s,morethanfiftythousandwhalesperyearwerekilled.Afterit,thenumberwentdownbelowtwothousand.Itmightseemimpossiblethatjustonealbumcouldhelpsavethelivesofsomanywhales.Butthisalbumtoldpeoplesecretsaboutwhalesthathadlongbeenhiddenunderthesea.Itallowedwhalestofinallysharetheirsongswiththehumanworld.8．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tocallonpeopletosavewhales.B．Totellhowagoodalbumwasmade.C．Toshowthatwhalesarebornsingers.D．Tointroduceanalbumanditsstories.9．Whofirstfoundthespecialvoicesofthewhales?A．Asongrecorder. B．Anoperasinger. C．Asoundengineer. D．Ananimalscientist.10．WhatfactaboutthewhalessurprisedKatyPayne?A．Theycouldtalkwithscientists.B．Theycouldsinglikeanoperasinger.C．Theycouldrepeatinterestingsounds.D．Theycouldcommunicatethroughsongs.11．Whichisoneofthevaluesofthealbum?A．Itsuccessfullystoppeddeep-seawhaling.B．Ithelpedpeopleunderstandwhalesbetter.C．Itmadesomemusicandmoviestarspopular.D．Itencouragedmusicianstoworkwithscientists.【答案】8．D

9．C

10．D

11．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一张特殊的专辑唱片。这张唱片拯救了许多鲸鱼的生命。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据原文“ThealbummightneverhavebeenmadewithoutasoundengineernamedFrankWatlington”可知，是一位音响师首先发现了鲸鱼的特别声音。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据原文“KatyPaynestudiedmusicaswellasanimals,andshewasgreatlysurprisedbyhowthewhalescommunicatedusingsoundslikeanopera(歌剧)singer”可知，KatyPayne对鲸鱼用歌声进行交流感到很惊讶。故选D。11．细节理解题。根据原文“Thealbumledpeopletotakeactiontosavewhales…In1982,abantostopdeep-seawhalingwasmade”这张唱片让人们开始采取行动保护鲸鱼，并促成了深海捕鲸的禁令。故选A。4.（2021·广东广州·统考中考真题）LookingattheundonehomeworkonhisdeskalwaysmakesDavidGreyfeeluncomfortable.Moreoftenthannot,DavidleaveshishomeworkbehindandsurfstheInternetorwatchesTVinstead,waitinguntilthelastminute.“Butthelonger1wait,”saysDavid,aged15,“themoreIworry.”Everyoneprocrastinates(拖延)becausetheywanttofeelgoodnow.Thewaytodothatistoavoidthetask.Youcanprocrastinateonnearlyanything,evenenjoyabletaskssuchasplanningavacation.“Somepeopleprocrastinatecleaning.Somepeopleprocrastinatebycleaning,”saysProfessorPeterStone.Researchhasshownthatthetoptasksyoungpeopleprocrastinatearestudyingandgoingtobed.“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations,”Stoneadds.Somepeoplebelievethatprocrastinationwillmakethemthrive.Butresearchersdisagree.“Ididastudyseveralyearsago,askingprocrastinatorstofinishataskinacertainperiodoftime,”saysStone.“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter.”Nomatterwhatthecauseis,procrastinationisusuallynotgoingtobegoodforyou.Forexample,bedtimeprocrastinationcanleadtosleeplessness,whichinturncancausemanyotherhealthproblems.Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst.Ifyou’vebeenprocrastinatingonformingahabitofexercise,justputonyourwalkingshoes.Alittlebitofprogresswillgetyoumoving.Next,findsomethingtohelpyouremembertotakeaction.Ifyouwanttogotobedat10:30pm,youmightsetatimeddimmerswitch(渐暗开关)at10pm.Whenthelightsaredimmer,you’llstartgoingtobed.Itworksformostpeople.Finally,rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream.Butbecareful:itwon’tworktheotherwayaround.12．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．Adayofaprocrastinator B．Procrastination:yesorno?C．Saygoodbyetoprocrastination D．Wanttofeelgoodnow?Procrastinate!13．Whatisthemainreasonforpeople’sprocrastination?A．Theywanttoavoiddoinghardwork. B．Theyfeartoloseandletothersdown.C．Theyneedtofinishthetoptasksfirst. D．Theyplantodotheenjoyabletaskslast.14．Theunderlinedword“thrive”inparagraph3mostprobablymeans________.A．thinkfaster B．workmoresuccessfullyC．giveupmoreeasily D．worrytoomuch15．WhatshouldDaviddoifhewantstostopprocrastinatingonawritingtask?A．Putonsomesoftmusictohelpthinkactively.B．Enjoyafavouriteice-cream,andthenstartwriting.C．SearchtheInternetforenoughideasbeforestarting.D．Pickupapenandwritedownpossiblestartingsentences.【答案】12．C

13．B

14．B

15．B【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。12．标题概括题。根据“Forthosewhoneedsomedrivestostopprocrastinating,thebestadvicemightbetotakeactionfirst”可知文章主要讲述的是拖延的问题，讲述停止拖延的一些举措。C选项“对拖延说不”符合。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Onebigcauseforprocrastinationisthatpeopleareafraidoffailure,ofnotmeetingothers’expectations”拖延的最主要的原因是人们害怕失败，不能满足别人的期望。故选B。14．词义理解题。根据第三段“Butresearchersdisagree”和“Theydidworsethannon-procrastinators:theymademoremistakesandtheytooklonger.Buttheythoughttheydidbetter”他们做得比不拖延的人更差，他们有更多的错误，花的时间更长，但是他们以为他们做得更好。研究人员不赞成他们这样的想法。可知“

procrastinationwillmakethem

thrive”表示“拖延会让他们成功”。B选项“workmoresuccessfully”符合。故选B。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“rewardyourselfeverytimeyoumakeprogress.Forexample,afteryou’verun3km,enjoyyourfavouriteice-cream”每次取得进步奖励自己，比如跑了三公里，吃自己最爱的冰淇淋。可知大卫如果想停止写作任务的拖延，可以享受最爱的冰淇淋然后开始写作。故选B。5.（2020·广东广州·统考中考真题）FiveinterestingsportsOurmostunusualsportsfromaroundtheworldEverycountryhasanationalsportandsomepopularsportsarenowplayedacrosstheworld,However,inmostcountries,peoplealsoplayunusualsports,withstrangeorinterestingrules.Hereareourtopfiveunusualsportsfromaroundtheplanet.Manvs.HorseMarathonThisracetakesplaceinasmalltowninWales,about200milesfromLondon.It’scalledamarathon(马拉松),butit'sactually35.4km,not42.2kmlikeausualmarathon.Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.Itstartedin1981,butahumandidnotwinuntil2004.CamelWrestlingInTurkey,camel（骆驼）wrestlingisaveryoldsport.Thelargestcamelwrestlingcompetitiontakesplaceeveryyearandthousandsofpeoplecome.Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.DragonBoatRacingEveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.AdragonboatisatraditionalChineseboatwithapainteddragon'sheadononeend.Therecanbeupto36peopleormoreracingineachboatinthewater.DragonboatracingisalsopopularinsomeotherAsiancountries.CaberTossInthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.It’sanancientScottishsport.VisitorstotheUKcancheckitout.ChessBoxingAgoodchessboxerneedstobebothstrongandsmart.Playersplayaroundofchess,followedbyaroundofboxing.Thereareelevenroundsintotal.Chessboxingwasinventedin1992byanEnglishcomicbookwriter.ThesportismorepopularinEnglandandGermany.16．WhatcanwelearnaboutManvs.HorseMarathon?A．itisanoutdoorsport. B．Itfirstappeared16yearsago.C．Nohumanhaseverwonthegame. D．Itfollowstherulesofausualmarathon.17．WhichofthefollowingismentionedaboutCamelWrestling?A．Itshouldbestopped. B．It’sworthseeing.C．Itsunfairtotheanimals. D．It’ssometimesdangeroustowatch.18．WhichpicturebestdescribesCaberToss?A． B． C． D．19．WhichsportispopularinAsia?A．Manvs.HorseMarathon. B．DragonBoatRacing.C．CaberToss. D．ChessBoxing.20．Howmanysportshaveanimalsasplayers?A．1 B．2. C．3. D．4.【答案】16．A

17．D

18．C

19．B

20．B【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了来自世界各地的五项有趣的运动：人和马的马拉松比赛、骆驼摔跤、赛龙舟、抛竿赛、国际象棋拳击。16．细节理解题。根据Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。可知人和马的马拉松比赛是一项户外运动，故答案选A。17．细节理解题。根据CamelWrestling中的信息Sometimesthecamelsdonotwanttofightandtheyrunthroughthecrowds,whichcanbedangerous.有时骆驼不想打架，它们会在人群中奔跑，这是很危险的。可知有时观看骆驼摔跤是很危险的，故答案选D。18．细节理解题。根据CaberToss中的信息Inthissport,playerscompetetothrowalargepieceofwoodcalledacaberasfarastheycan.Thereisnoruleaboutthesizeofthecaber,butit’susuallythesizeofasmalltree.在这项运动中，选手们要比赛把一大块叫做“木棒”的木头扔到尽可能远的地方。没有关于木柱大小的规定，但通常是一棵小树的大小。结合选项，可知C选项符合题意，故答案选C。19．推理判断题。根据DragonBoatRacing中的信息EveryyearinChina,thousandsofpeoplewatchdragonboatraces.在中国，每年都有成千上万的人观看龙舟比赛。中国是亚洲的一个国家，可知赛龙舟在亚洲流行，故答案选B。20．理解归纳题。根据Manvs.HorseMarathon中的信息Peopleraceagainsthorsesacrossthehillsandmountains.人们和马比赛穿越山丘和山脉。以及CamelWrestling中的信息Inthesport,twocamelsfightagainsteachother.在这项运动中，两只骆驼互相搏斗。可知有两项运动中有动物作为运动员，故答案选B。6.（2020·广东广州·统考中考真题）Whatwillastronauts（宇航员）eatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?“Lotsoffreshvegetables,”saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation.Andit’sagoodthingthatshehasalreadystartedherwork,becausespacegardeningcanbereallyhard.Asusual,astronautGeorgeWhitelookedintotheclosedplantroom.HehadplantedDr.Williams’squick-growingseedlingsinit,butnoneofthestemswereshowing.Heopenedtheroomtocheckandfoundtheproblem.Thestemsweren’tgrowingupwardandtherootsweren'tgrowingdownward.OnEarth,gravity（重力）helpsaplant’sstemsandrootstofind“up”and“down”.However,inthespacestation,therewasalmostnogravity.Dr.Williamssuggestedasolution:givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight,thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown.NowDr.Williamswasfreetoworryaboutthenextproblem:Wouldherbabyplantslivetoflower?Canwegrowfoodonaspacejourney?Manyplantsdiedinthespacestation.Dr.Williamsthoughtsheknewwhy:thespaceplantswerehungryforair.PlantslivebytakingupCO2fromtheair.Sinceaplantusesitupintheairaround,theplantneedsmovingairtobringmoreCO2closetoitssurface!OnEarth,theairisalwaysmoving.Gravitypullsdowncoldair,andwarmairrises.Andwiththeseairmovements,plantsgetenoughCO2.Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.Theplantslovedit.Theyfloweredandevenproducedmoreseeds.UsingDr.Williams'smethod,astronautGeorgecompletedthefirstseed-to-seedexperimentinspace,andmovedoneplantclosertoagardeninspace.“Andthis,”saysDr.Williams,“isgoodnewsforlong-termspacetravel.”21．WhyhaveDr.Williams’steamtriedtogrowplantsinspace?A．Toproducefreshairforastronauts.B．Tohelpastronautsrelaxthemselves.C．Toprovidefoodforlongspacejourneys.D．Tomakethespacegardenmorebeautiful.22．HowdidlighthelpsolvetheproblemmentionedinParagraph3?A．Itcausedthegravitytochange.B．Itencouragedtheplantstogrowfaster.C．Ithelpedtheplantstogrowintherightdirection.D．Itshowedtheastronautswheretoplantvegetables.23．Whydidmanyplantsdieinthespacestation?A．Thelightwastoostrong.B．TherewastoomuchCO2.C．Therewasnotenoughroomtogrow.D．Theairconditionwasnotgoodenough.24．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph7refersto________.A．themovingair B．theclosedroom C．thespacejourney D．thespacegarden25．WhatcanwelearnaboutDr.Williams’steamfromthepassage?A．Theymainlyliveonfreshvegetables.B．Theyhavesuccessfullybuiltaspacegarden.C．Theyinventedaspecialfanfortheirgreenhouse.D．Theyhaveworkedonspacegardeningformanyyears.【答案】21．C

22．C

23．D

24．A

25．D【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍威廉博士和他的团队在太空中种植植物给太空旅行提供新鲜蔬菜的研究。21．细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段“Whatwillastronautseatwhenaspacetriptakesyears?‘Lotsoffreshvegetables,’saysDr.JanetWilliams,whoseteamhavespentthelast10yearslearninghowtogrowplantsinaspacestation”可知是在太空种植植物是为了给太空旅行提供食物。故选C。22．推理判断题。根据“givetheplantsmorelight,asplantsalsousesunlighttofindtheirway.Anditworked.Whentheplantshadmorelight,thestemsturnedupandtherootswentdown”可知光线帮助植物按正确的方向生长。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据“thespaceplantswerehungryforair”可知因为空气不是足够好，所以很多植物在太空死去。故选D。24．词义猜测题。根据“keeptheairmove”可知此处it指的是移动的空气themovingair。故选A。25．推理判断题。根据“Manyearlierexperimentswithplantsinspacehadusedclosedrooms.Dr.Williamstriedanewgreenhousethathadafantokeeptheairmove.”可知太空种植的钻研有很多年，故选D。7.（2022·广东广州·越秀区统考一模）“I’mbored!”issomethingparentsoftenhear,andtheyusuallyrespondbyorganizingsomeactivitiesfortheirkidstodo.Butisthatreallyhelpfultothem?Boredommeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeopleandsomemayarguethatboredommeansyouarenotspendingyourtimetakingpartinmeaningfulactivities.“Onlyboringpeoplegetbored!”someparentshavecried.Someofthemcangetsoworriedaboutthekidsbecomingupset,angryorfeelingleftout,sotheytryandschedulesomethingeveryday.Upuntilchildrenareintheirearlyteens,theyreallydon’tunderstandthemeaningoftime.Therefore,theydon’tknowhowtomanageit.Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.Someparentsthinkthatitismoreimportanttoorganizeactivitiesandoutingseverydayandcreateschedulestomakelifeeasier.Everyhourofthedayshouldbeusedtokeepthelittlemindsactiveandhappy.However,itcanmakethechildrenthinkthattheyalwaysneedtobebusydoingsomething.Asaresult,often,whenlifegetsinthewayandsomethingdoesn’tgoaccordingtoplan,achildcaneasilybecomeannoyed,impatientandangrybecausetheydon’tknowwhattodowiththemselves.Theyhaven’thadachanceto“nothing”.Thiscausesstressonbothparentsandchildren.Parentsshouldn’tfeelliketheyhavetofilltheboredomwithsomethingusefuloreducational.Bygivingchildrentimetothinkandcreateandusetheirownimagination,parentsareallowingthekidstolearnskillsandqualitiessuchasself-belief,workinghard,self-confidence,playfulness,beingfocusedandusingtheirimaginationwithouttraining.26．Thewriterdevelopshisideaby________.A．tellingstories B．givingreasons C．listingnumbers D．makingcomparison27．Somechildrenaredyingtogetfreeplaybecause________.A．theirparentsalwaysrequirethemtodolotsofthingsB．theydon’tknowhowtomanagetheirsparetimeatallC．theywanttofilltheboredomwithmeaningfulactivitiesD．theirparentsbelievethateveryhourshouldbewellused28．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．GuardingagainstBoredomB．GettingawayfromBoredomC．BoredomBuildsupConfidenceD．NewUnderstandingofBoredom【答案】26．B

27．A

28．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了家长们对于如何让孩子不无聊的解决方案以及这些方案的优缺点。最终给出了自己的建议，给孩子时间，让他们自己思考，去创造学习一切技能和品质。26．细节理解题。根据“Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.”和“Theyhaven’thadachanceto“nothing”.Thiscausesstressonbothparentsandchildren.Parentsshouldn’tfeelliketheyhavetofilltheboredomwithsomethingusefuloreducational.”可知，作者通过列举家长给出的让孩子们不无聊的方案的缺点来证明自己的观点，因此是在给出自己不同意这种方案的原因，故选B。27．细节理解题。根据“Alotofkidstryveryhardorevenarguewiththeirparentstogetfreeplay,anditcouldbebecauseparentshavealwayscontrolledit,andalwaysfilledtimewithactivities,outingsorscreentime.”可知，很多孩子想要自由玩耍，是因为他们的父母总是填满了他们所有的时间，让他们做很多事。故选A。28．最佳标题题。根据文章最后一段“Bygivingchildrentimetothinkandcreateandusetheir…focusedandusingtheirimaginationwithouttraining.”并结合全文可知。作者不认同家长们对于无聊这件事情的看法，认为应该给孩子们一些时间，让他们来自己思考、学习。因此文章是在说对于无聊这件事的一些新的理解。故选D。8.（2022·广东广州·荔湾区统考一模）Guangzhou,thecapitalofGuangdongprovince,isknownasthe“cityofflowers”.Locatedinasubtropicalzone,thecityhaslongsummersandwarmwinters,withevergreenlushtreesandgrass,andflowersinallseasons.TheGuangzhoupeoplehavealonghistoryofplantingflowers,appreciatingflowersandsendingflowersasgifts.OneparticularoccasionfallseveryyearduringtheSpringFestivalatthecity’sfamousspring-greetingflowermarkets.TheactofappreciatingtheChineseflowerstogetherbecomesasymboloffamilyget-togetherandservestoinspirehopefortheirwellbeingintheNewYear.Thousandsofpeoplegototheflowermarketswiththeirfamiliesorfriends,toadmireandbuyflowers.Movingalongwiththecrowdsinthestreets,theendlessbeautifulflowersandthesongsoftheChineseNewYearcreateacheerfulatmosphere.Inaword,itisfantasticforeverybody,fromlittlechildrentotheelderly.“Lastyear,IwenttoanearbyflowermarketwithmyfamilyaftertheSpringFestivalEvedinnerandboughtbunchesofcockscombflowers,”saidFengQiuping,aretiredwomanwhohasbeenlivinginGuangzhouformorethan30years.“ThefireredcolourmatchedthejoyofSpringFestival,”sheadded.Whenthecityslogan—“CelebrateSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,EnjoyBeautifulBlossomsinFlowerCity”—wasputforwardin2013,theactivitiescelebratingSpringFestivalinGuangzhouwereextendedtoaseriesofeventslastingfromthefirstdayofSpringFestivaltothe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Guangzhouhasbeenknownasthe“cityofflowers”sincetheMingDynasty(1368-1644)becausetherewereregularjasmineflowermarketssetatallthegatesofthecityduringdaytime.Nowadays,hundredsofflowersspeciesareplantedforresidentsandvisitors.Atotalof140flower-themedlandscapesweresetupinthecityrecently.Seasonalflowersbloomoneafteranother.Theofficialcityflower,redkapok,blossomsinMarch.Besidestheconstructionofflowerlandscapes,thecityhasplannedtoplantmoretreesandkeepeverypieceofgreen.“GuangzhouhasbeenundertakinggreatchangessinceImovedherein1980s,”saidFeng.“Thestreetsarecleaner,thewaterclearerandtheskyiscrystalblue.Irecommendmorepeopletocomehere,livehereandfindabeautifullifeforthemselves.”29．WhyisGuangzhouknownasthe“cityofflowers”?A．GuangzhouisthecapitalofGuangdongprovince.B．PeopleinGuangzhouknowhowtoplantflowerswell.C．ThecitysetregularflowermarketsatallgatesinMingDynasty.D．Itliesinasubtropicalzonewithlongsummersandwarmwinters.30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2probablyreferto?A．Themovingcrowdinthestreet. B．Thestreetwithendlessflowers.C．ThesongoftheChineseNewYear. D．Theatmosphereinflowermarkets.31．Accordingtothearticle,weknowthatFengQiuping______.A．wasbornandgrewupinGuangzhouB．livedinthecityofGuangzhouwithoutfamilyC．visitedGuangzhouforatripinthe1980sD．hasexperiencedthedevelopmentofGuangzhou32．Thewriterwrotethisarticleinorderto______.A．introducethehistoryandthecustomsoftheflowermarketsB．showGuangzhoulivesuptoitsnameofthe“cityofflowers”C．attractmoreandmoreretiredworkerstomovetoGuangzhouD．reporthowfantastictheflowermarketswereinGuangzhou29．C

30．B

31．D

32．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了广州被称为“花都”这个名字的由来，以及“花”对于广州人民的意义。29．细节理解题。根据“Guangzhouhasbeenknownasthe“cityofflowers”sincetheMingDynasty(1368-1644)becausetherewereregularjasmineflowermarketssetatallthegatesofthecityduringdaytime”可知，因为明代，这座城市在各个城门都有固定的花市，故选C。30．词义猜测题。根据“Thousandsofpeoplegototheflowermarketswiththeirfamiliesorfriends,toadmireandbuyflowers.Movingalongwiththecrowdsinthestreets,theendlessbeautifulflowersandthesongsoftheChineseNewYearcreateacheerfulatmosphere.Inaword,itisfantasticforeverybody,fromlittlechildrentotheelderly”及前文的描述可知，本段主要讲述人们在节日期间，对于花市的喜爱，所以it是指代前文提到的“theendlessbeautifulflowers”，故选B。31．推理判断题。根据“GuangzhouhasbeenundertakinggreatchangessinceImovedherein1980s”可知，自从二十世纪八十年代就搬到了广州，见证了广州的变化，故选D。32．主旨大意题。本文从广州“花都”这个名字的由来以及花在每个节日对于人们的意义来告诉读者，广州的“花都”这个名字是名副其实的，故选B。9.（202