Unit2TravellingGrammar课件牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit2Travelling--GrammarReadingtimeOnlinecoursesalloweveryonetostudyandlearnYoumayhaveheardaboutMOOCs,ormassive

（大规

模的）openonlinecourses.MOOCswerefirstdevelopedintheWestin2011.TheycametoChinaaround2013.ChinanowhasthemostMOOCs,accordingtoarecentreport.Thecountryhasmorethan30MOOCplatforms

（平台），3,400coursesand540,000participants（参与者）.Thecoursesrangefromtraditionalsubjectssuchasforeignlanguageandsciencetomorepopularonessuchasbigdata（大数据）andartificialintelligence（人工智

能）.PeoplefromtheUS,theUKandSouthKoreaalsotakethecourses,ChinaDailyreported.MOOCshavemadeeducation

fairer（更加公平的）becauseanyonecanlearnwheneverandwherevertheywant.

二.

主要用法（3）

一.构成have/hasdonePresentperfecttense现在完成时

五.havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin

六.forandsince三.标志词四.不规则动词的过去分词Revision

1.Weuse‘have(has)goneto’toexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttoaplacebuthasnotyetreturned.Forexample:MillieandAmyhavegonetothebookshoptobuysomebooksontravelling.Theywillbebackinanhour.某人去了某地，还没回来。Presentation

1.Millie

hasgonetoAmericawithherfamily.Ihopetheyhaveagreattimethere.2.Suzyisnotathomeatthemoment.Shehasgoneto

thebookshop.3.Mr.Wangisnothere.He

hasgonetoQingDao.4.Kittyandherfamily

havegonetoHongKong.Theywillcomebacknextweek.TIP:含havegoneto的句子中主语的人称一般为___________人称形式第三

2.Weuse‘have(has)beento’toexpresstheideathatsomeonewenttosomeplaceandhasalreadycomeback.某人去过某地，现在已经回来了。

Eddie

hasbeento

SouthHillmanytimes.

Itisveryniceandhewantstogothereagain.Forexample:

1.MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice.2.Ihave

beentoShanghaimanytimes.It’sreallyamoderncity.4.Haveyouever

beentothesupermarkettobuygrapes?TIP:含havebeento的句子可以接_________，如once，twice，manytimes也可以和never,ever,just,before等词连用。3.IhaveneverbeentoAmericabefore.次数

3.Weuse‘have(has)beenin’toexpresstheideathatsomeonestaysinsomeplaceforsometime.某人在某地呆了一段时间。

Forexample:MyparentsandIhavebeeninBeijingfortwodays.

1.IhavebeeninShanghaiforthreeyears.

4.Howlong

hashebeeninHongKong?3.HehasbeeninHongKongsincefiveyearsago.2.HehasbeeninHongKongsincelastyear.TIP:含havebeenin的句子中常与_________连用，这种状语常包括：1.for+段时间2.since+时间点3.since+时间段+ago4.howlong开头段时间

Importantphrases:1.指的是2.呆在那儿一周3.在party上和我们一起4.参加会议5.看到Andy在沙子上玩6.顺便提一下7.邀请Andy去野炊8.去了乡村1.referto2.staythereforaweek3.bewithusattheparty4.attendameeting5.seeAndyplayingonthesand6.bytheway7.inviteAndytogoforapicnic8.gotothecountrysiden.invitation

4.KittyhasinHongkongsincetwodaysago.2.Eddiehassinceyesterdayafternoon.3.Mr.Chenhasheresincehewasborn.1.Thesedoctorshaveforthirtydays.beensleptlivedworkedMoresamplesentencesRule:在带有一段时间状语的现在完成时的肯定句中，我们要用延续性动词。

Whatkindofwordsarecalledlongactionwordsandwhataboutshortactionwords？Inwhichsentencestructuresshouldweuselongactionwords,andshortactionwords？Discussion英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。Tip1:*延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。*短暂性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词。表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

Kittybought

acoupleofkeyringstwodaysago.Kitty__________(buy)acoupleofkeyringssincetwodaysago/fortwodays.hashadbuy-

havePresentation

Kittyandherparentsarrived

atDisneylandtwodaysago.Kittyandherparents_____________Disneylandsincetwodaysago/fortwodays.

havebeenatarrivein/at-bein/at

TheparadeofDisneycharactersbeganthreehoursago.TheparadeofDisneycharacters___________sincethreehoursago/forthreehours.

hasbeenonbegin-beon

begin/startfinish/stop/endcome/go/arrivejoindiegetmarriedfallillfallasleepgetupleaveborrowbeonbeoverbein/atbein/beamemberofbedeadbemarriedbeupbeillbeasleepbeawayfromShortactionsLongactions

keepbuyhave

Presentation

1.Schoolfinishedamonthago.School________________foramonth.2.Heborrowedthisbookaweekago.He_________thisbookforaweek.3.Sheboughtthisdressthreeweeksago.She________thisdresssincethreeweeksago.4.Mylittledogdiedfivemonthsago.Mylittledog_____________forfivemonths.5.HearrivedinBeijinglastyear.He____________Beijingsinceayearago.

hasbeenoverhaskept

hashad

hasbeendead

hasbeenin

Practice

6.Thefilmbeganhalfanhourago.Thefilm___________forhalfanhour.7.Myparentsgotmarried16yearsago.Myparents_________________for16years.8.HeleftChinathreeyearsago.He__________________Chinafor3years.9.Themanjoinedtheclubtwoyearsago.Theman____________________/__________theclubsince2yearsago.10.Danielwentabroadhalfayearago.Daniel_____________abroadforhalfayear.

hasbeenon

havebeenmarried

hasbeenawayfrom

hasbeenamemberof

hasbeenin

hasbeen

Tip3:现在完成时肯定句中,短暂性动词不能与for以及since连用,现在完成时否定句中,短暂性动词可以与for以及since连用。

MyparentsandI__________(arrive)inHongKongonthefirstdayofthewinterholiday.We_____________(be)hereforthreedays.I__________(borrow)abookaboutHKaweekago.It’sveryuseful.I______________(keep)itwithmeforafewdays.IthelpsmelearnmoreaboutHK.Nowit’snoonandwe’reinOceanPark.Thefirstdolphinshow__________(begin)at11:30a.m.It__________(be)onforabouthalfanhour.Theshowisreallyexciting.

arrivedhavebeenborrowedhavekeptbeganhasbeenConclusion()1.When

you

yourdictionary?---Abouttwomonthsago.A.did,buyB.have,getC.have,hadD.have,bought()2.Hetellsmehe

Chinaforoverfiveyears.A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto()3.Hisuncleformorethan9years.A.hascomehereB.hasstartedtoworkC.haslivedhereD.haslefttheuniversity()4.

hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChina?A.HowsoonB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howfar()5.WhendidyoumakefriendswithJim.We

friendssincehecametoourclass.A.wereB.mad