2022高考英语一轮复习Module3TheViolenceofNature学案必修3

Module3TheViolenceofNature一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．hurricanen． 飓风2．lightningn. 闪电3．thunderstormn. 雷暴4．tornadon. 龙卷风5．currentn. 海流；潮流6．feathern. 羽毛(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．ruinvt. 毁坏2．strikevt.&n. (雷电、暴风雨等)3．disastern. 灾难4．floodn. 洪水5．causevt. 引起；导致6．buryvt. 埋葬7．damagen．&v. 损失；损害8．previousadj. 以前的9．worldwideadj. 全世界的(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．occurvi.发生→occurrencen．发生2．warnv．警告→warningn．警告3．sadadj.悲哀的；难过的→sadnessn．悲伤→sadlyadv.伤心地；不幸地4．furnishv．布置家具；提供→furnituren．家具5．thankvt.&n．感谢；谢谢→thankful_adj.感激的；感谢的→thankfullyadv6．hopev．&n．希望；期望→hopeful_adj.有希望的→hopelessadj.无希望的→hopefullyadv.满怀希望地；有希望地7．eruptvt.(火山的)爆发；喷发→eruptionn8．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→violence_n．暴力9．fortunen．运气；财富→fortunateadj.幸运的→unfortunateadj.不幸的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地；幸亏10．luckn．运气；幸运→luckyadj.幸运的→luckilyadv.幸运地；幸亏11．experiencevt.经历；体验n.经历；经验→experienced_adj.有经验的12．actv．行动→actionn．行为，行动→activeadj.积极的；活跃的→activityn．活动13．possibleadj.可能的→possibilityn．可能；可能性→impossible_adj.不可能的14．terrifyvt.使十分害怕；使恐惧→terrifyingadj.吓人的；可怕的→_terrifiedadj.很害怕的；恐惧的[语境活用]1．Asaboy,theactortookanactivepartinactivitiesafterschool.Now,hetakesactiontohelppoorstudentsachievetheirdreams.(act)2．HeisanexperiencedEnglishteacherandhastwentyyears'teachingexperience.(experience)3．Theterribleweathermadeitimpossibleforustogoonvacationandthereisapossibility_thatthetripplanwouldbeabandoned.(possible)4．Teachersoftenwarnusofthedangerofgoingswimmingaloneintheriver,butsomestudentsignorethewarning.(warn)5．Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatviolenceisnotthefirstchoicewhenconflictshappens.(violent)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．experiencevt.经历；体验n.经历；经验背词条用法(1)withrichexperience具有丰富的经验haveexperiencein...有……的经验(2)beexperiencedin/at在……方面有经验背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandremendedwonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.我们的主持人分享了许多他们的经历，并推荐了许多美食、购物和参观的好地方。②(2020·北京高考书面表达)WeneedateacherwhoisanativeofEnglishspeakingcountriesandhasexperienceinEnglishdrama.我们需要一位母语为英语国家并有英语戏剧经验的教师。③ZhangLiisagirlwhoisveryexperiencedatmakingChineseknots.张丽是一个制作中国结很有经验的女孩。2．causevt.引起；导致；造成n.原因；理由；目标背词条用法(1)causesb.sth.给某人造成某种结果cause...tosth.给某物造成……(2)causeandeffect因果；因果关系背写作佳句①Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.我希望这次变化不会给您带来太多麻烦。②Theearthquakecausedgreatdamagetothecity.地震给这个城市造成了很大的损失。③Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisnotnecessarilycauseandeffect.根据最近的调查研究，喝浓咖啡与患心脏病并没有必然的因果关系。3．occurvi.发生；出现；存在于；出现在背词条用法sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……背写作佳句①Youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.你需要交一份报告，解释这个想法是如何产生的，以及你使用了哪些材料。②Itneveroccurredtomethatshemightbeintrouble.我怎么也没有想到她会遇上麻烦。③Itneveroccurredtohertodoubtthatthestorymightbefalse.她从未怀疑过那故事可能是假的。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．put_out 扑灭(火)；生产；制造2．put_down 记下；放下；镇压3．pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起；搭载； (偶然)学会；情况转好4．take_off 去掉；脱掉；起飞；兴旺5．take_place 发生；进行6．in_all 总共；总计7．on_average 平均起来8．refer_to 指的是；谈到；涉及9．plenty_of_ 许多；大量10．end_up_ 结果为……；以……结束11．set_fire_to 放火(焚烧)12．catch_fire 着火eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．pickup卷起；掀起；拾起；接收(信号)；(偶然)学会；得到；整理；(用车)接；好转；买到背相关短语pickingactivity采摘活动pickout挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解pickyourselfup(跌倒后)站起来；振作起来背写作佳句①(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Lastweekend，myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpickingactivity.上周末，我和同学们参加了一次农场采摘活动。②Myparentswantmetogototheairportwiththemtopickmyuncleup.我的父母想让我和他们一起去机场接我的叔叔。③Thispicturewastakentwentyyearsago.Iwonderifyoucanpickoutmyyoungerbrother.这张照片是二十年前拍的。你能不能认出我弟弟？2．endup结果为……；以……结束背相关短语(1)endupdoingsth.以……而告终(2)etoanend结束；完结put/bringanendto结束；终止intheend最后，终于make(both)endsmeet勉强维持生计；使收支相抵背写作佳句①Thelifeofmyseniorhighschoolisingtoanend.我的高中生活即将结束。②Ithoughtwe'dbelatefortheconcert,butweendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.我原以为音乐会我们会迟到，但我们最终提前到了那里。③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.许多家庭都在勉强维持生计。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．Theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语)它们可以毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。佳句①Hethoughthisparentshatedhimandthatwaswhytheylefthiminaboardingschool.他认为他的父母讨厌他，这就是为什么他们把他留在寄宿学校。佳句②Leavethedooropenwhenyou'reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou'renot.当你有空闲时间交谈时，就让门开着；如果你没有，就关上门。佳句③Nowadays,manyadultsworkincitiesforbetterlivingconditions,leavingtheiroldparentsaloneatcountryside.如今，许多成年人为了更好的生活条件而在城市工作，把年迈的父母独自留在农村。2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1500人受伤。佳句①Fifteenmilliontreeshadbeenblowndownbythehighwinds,blockingroads,pathsandrailwaylines.1500万棵树被狂风刮倒，把大小道路和铁路都堵塞了。佳句②MorehighwayshavebeenbuildinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.中国已经修建了更多的公路，这让人们出行变得更容易。佳句③Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature，thuscreatingastableenvironment.水可以吸收并放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Asevereearthquakedestroyedalmosteverything,leavingbadlydamagedbuildings.一场剧烈的地震几乎毁了一切，留下了严重受损的建筑物。2．Sometimesasmileissopowerfulthatitgivespeoplesufferingfromdisastersgreatcourage.有时候，微笑会如此有力量以至于它给遭受灾难的人以巨大的勇气。3．Theearthquakecausedstructuraldamagetomostofthebuildingsinthetown.这次地震给城镇的大部分建筑造成了结构性的破坏。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——感谢信(一)[题目要求](2019·浙江高考)假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1．表示感谢；2．回顾Alex对你的帮助；3．临别祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。[背范文]DearAlex，Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon,Ifeelabitupset.Butmeanwhile,IwanttosendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpwithmyEnglishlearning.IstillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedtoimprovingmyoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.Besides,youalsofranklysharedyourlearningexperiencewithme.Additionally,withoutyourhelp,IwouldnothavebeenatopstudentinEnglishandwouldnothavewontherecentEnglishSpeechContest.Allinall,wordsfailtoexpressmythankfulnesstoyou.Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever!Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学谋篇布局2．学亮丽开头开头先用Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon...点明写信的背景及自己不舍之情。接着用sendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelp点明写信的目的，感情真挚、诚恳。3．学高级表达(1)使用高级语块，如：sendone'ssinceregratitudefor,devote...to...,wordsfailtoexpress等。(2)准确运用高级句式，如：现在分词作状语Hearingthatyouwill...;what引导的宾语从句whatyouhavedevotedto...；虚拟语气withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnothavebeen...andwouldnothavewon...；助动词do表示强调Idohopethatyouwillhave...等。这些都为文章增色添彩，提升了文章的档次。4．学精彩结尾结尾先用了一个助动词do放在谓语动词hope前特意加强了语气，表达了对朋友Alex的美好祝愿。5．学过渡衔接衔接词butmeanwhile,besides,additionally,allinall,and等的恰当运用，使得文章结构严谨，层层递进，读起来朗朗上口。6．防微点失分考生容易把“Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountry...”中的to漏掉，或把“Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever！”中的last误认为及物动词而错用为“belasted”，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theprevious(以前的)partytheygavewasnotasniceasthisone.2．Thatonemistake_ruined(毁坏)hischancesofgettingthejob.3．Thesnowstormcausedgreatdamage_(损失)tohousesandpowerlines.4．Whentheflood(洪水)waswashingthevillage,peoplescreamedinfearandraninalldirections.5．Recentlytheschoolwebsitehassetupanewcolumn(专栏)called“EnglishWriting”．6．WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwide_(全世界的)attentionandHaierhasbeeapopularname.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．AlltheplanetsorbittheSuninroughlythesameplane,rounditsequator.赤道2．Atropicalstormhittheisland,knockingoutthepowersupply.热带的3．Everysinglepieceoffurnitureinthethirtyroomsofthehotelhasbeenhandmadeandeachroomispletelydifferent.家具4．Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwasoutofsight.挥动5．(熟词生义)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.发生6．(熟词生义)Ifcurrenttrendsdon'tbend,Russia'spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen'sbytheyear2050.现在的Ⅲ.单句语法填空1．Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainisactive(act).2．Chinaalwaysplaysanactivepartinfightingagainstnaturaldisasters(disaster)．3．Thelittleboycriedsadly(sad)whenhisbestfriendmovedtoanothercity.4.Hopefully(hopeful)，thecavewillbeprotectedandwillnotbedamagedbyvisitors.5．TheystudiedtheGermanmarkettofindthepossibility(possible)thereforinvestment.6.Luckily(lucky),hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathstothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.7.Fortunately(fortunate),someonewhohappenedtobepassingbycalledthefiredepartmentinstantlythefirebrokeout.8.I'vetoldyouhadanarrowescapefromacaraccident.Ithinkitmusthavebeenaterrifying(terrify)experience.9.Actually，childrenlearnviolent(violence)behaviorfromadultsorfromtheyseeontelevisionorontheInternet.10.Manyearthquakeshappenwithoutwarning(warn),soitisimportanttoknowwhattodowhereveryouareduringanearthquake.名师点拨“一站清”(1)位于句首且作状语的词多用副词，如：hopefully,luckily，fortunately,consequently等。(2)名词前，常用形容词作定语，起修饰限定作用，形容词常表示该名词的性质或状态；如果名词前用名词作定语，而作定语的名词常表示被修饰语的作用或用途，如flowershop,goodstrain。(3)介词后的动词形式，多为名词或动名词。如果动词后还有名词或其他修饰语，则该动词多用动名词，如：aftergraduatingfromthecollege；如果动词后没有名词，则该动词常用其名词形式，如：aftergraduation。但有些带­ing后缀的词仅是名词，后无须再跟名词，如：warning,shopping,learning,painting等。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．experience[明其义]vt.经历；体验n．经历；经验[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Doesshehavemuchexperience(experience)ofteaching?②Astotheactivities,weplantoinvite_experienced(experience)playerstogivetrainingtouseveryFridayafternoon.(2)补全句子③(2020·天津高考书面表达)Theheadmastercongratulatedusonsteppingintotheadult,reviewingthegrowthperiodthat_we_had_experienced.校长祝贺我们步入成人，回顾我们所经历的成长时期。[解其困]experience用作名词且作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词，作“经历，体验”讲时，是可数名词。2．cause[明其义]vt.引起；导致；造成n．原因；理由；目标[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemiceto_sleep_(sleep)longer.②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses_(cause)．(2)补全句子③Ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthas_caused_some_serious_problems_aswell.它给我们带来了许多好处，但也造成了一些严重的问题。[解其困]cause作名词时，意为“原因(＝reason)，事业(＝career)，目标(＝goal/aim/target)”。3．bury[明其义]vt.埋葬；掩埋；使陷入；使专心[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Burying(bury)e­wasteorburningitcauseseriousproblemsfortheenvironment.②Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwanderedintothediningroomwhereyouwereburiedinpilesoflawbooks.(2)句式升级③Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.→Buried_in_the_film,_shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(过去分词短语作状语)→Burying_herself_in_the_film,_shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(现在分词短语作状语)[解其困]表示“专注于；致力于；埋头于”的短语还有：①beabsorbedin②bedevotedto＝devoteoneselfto③beoccupiedwith＝occupyoneselfwith/indoing④focuson⑤concentrateon⑥fixone'sattentionon4．occur[明其义]vi.发生；出现；存在于；出现在[通其用]单句语法填空①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.②Itoccurredtometo_go(go)toattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.③Nowitoccurred(occur)tohimthathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.[解其困](1)occur是不及物动词，所以不能带宾语，也不能用于被动语态。(2)occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母，即occurred。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空putout，putdown，pickup，takeoff，takeplace，endup，referto，inall，onaverage，plentyof1.Tokeepfit,studentsmusttakeplenty_of_exercise.2.Tenminuteslate,thefiremencameandput_outthefire.3.TheOlympicGamestake_placeeveryfouryearsonaregularbasis.4．Pleaseletmeknowhowmuchmoneymysonowedyouin_all.5．On_average,_mysonspendsonehourdoinghishomeworkeverynight.6.Itwasnotuntilshetook_offherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.7．Jasonended_upsingingabeautifulsongatthepartyalthoughherefusedtosingatfirst.8.Notonlyhaveyou_referred_tomanycalligraphybooks,butalsoyouhaveconsultedsomecalligraphymasters.9．WhenyouhaveamealwithChinesefriends,you'resupposedto_pick_upthebowlandusethechopsticks.10.Findingaboystrugglingintheriver,I_put_downmyschoolbagandjumpedintotherivertosavehimwithouttakingoffmyclothes.名师点拨“一站清”(1)plentyof既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。(2)putout的常见意思有“扑灭；生产；出版”。(3)takeplace不可以用于被动语态。(4)takeoff的常见意思有“起飞，脱下”，还可以表示“突然成功”。(5)referto中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。(6)putdown的常见意思有“降落；写下；放下；镇压”，还可以表示“使(当众)出丑”。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．pickupVStakeup比较①Itook_upartforfouryearsatcollege.②IfyougotoEnglandyou'llsoonpick_upEnglish.辨清(1)pickup指“学会”时，强调不经意的、不系统的、偶然习得。(2)takeup指“学习”时，强调系统、认真地学习。2.takeplaceVShappen比较①Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.②Greatchangestook_placelastyearinmyhometown.辨清(1)happen表示偶然的、没有预料到的事情的发生；而且多指整个情况。(2)takeplace意为“发生”时较为正比，不带有偶然之义，表示必然发生或经过布置、策划后进行的事情。Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义(写出下列各句中pickup的含义)①Theschoolbuspicksupthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.(用车)接②Theequipmentpickedupthesignalfromthesatellite.接收(信号)③HepickedupsomeFrenchwhilehewasawayonabusinesstripinParis.(偶然)学会④Myfriendbegantopickupafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.好转，恢复⑤ThetwinsisterswereshoppingforhoursonWomen'sDayandmanagedtopickupbagsofbargains.买到[句式的验收盘点]leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语[通其用]补全句子①Theywentofftogetherandleft_me_sitting_there.他们一起走了，留下我坐在那里。②You'dbetterleave_both_the_doors_and_the_windows_open.你最好让门和窗都开着。③Ican'tleave_such_an_important_matter_undone/unfinished.我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。④Wecan't_leave_the_light_onwhenleaving.我们离开时不能让灯开着。[解其困](1)leave用作使役动词，常跟复合结构，有以下构成方式：①leave＋宾语＋名词/形容词/副词/介词短语②leave＋宾语＋分词③leave＋宾语＋不定式④leave＋宾语＋where引导的地点状语从句/as引导的方式状语从句(2)在leave的复合结构中，宾语补足语为现在分词时，通常表示主动、进行的动作；宾语补足语为过去分词时，通常表示被动、完成的动作；宾语补足语为不定式时，通常表示将来发生的动作。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养(2020新高考全国卷Ⅰ·完形填空)对接主题：自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlands①whichbecamehissecond__21__.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof__22__therefromaveryyoungage.[2]Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething__23__happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe__24__itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.__25__，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He__26__thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe__27__②.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek__28__duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe__29__departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand__30__anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.[3]__31__youngplantsinthedryseason③was__32__foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe__33__ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto__34__rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.[4]Molai__35__toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally­grownlandthathasbeehome④tomanyplantsandanimals.［析微点·厚积语言基础］①微技法——合成词猜测词义：adj.＋n.→n.wet(adj.潮湿的)＋land(n.土地)→wetlandn．湿地；沼泽地②微技法——“瞻前顾后”结合常识解题有的完形填空题目解答需瞻前顾后，综合语境信息解答。文中第27题可以根据下句中的“duringthedaytime”再结合常识得出正确选项。③微积累——表示季节的词语集锦：thedryseason旱季therainseason雨季theplumrainseason梅雨季节thedogdays三伏天；酷热期④微积累——熟词生义：homen．家；住所；家乡(熟义)n．栖息地；生息地(生义)behometo……的栖息地[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]21．A.dream B．jobC．home D．choice解析：选C文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大，结合语境可知，此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。22．A.nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledge解析：选A根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知，这里指的是在很小的年纪，他就知道了大自然(nature)的价值和美丽。23．A.precious B．interestingC．disturbing D．awkward解析：选C根据下文表述的洪水发生后，鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知，这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。24．A.waste B．tensionC．pain D．damage解析：选D根据语境和空后的“itcaused”可知，这里指的是洪水袭击了该地区，造成的破坏(damage)使许多鸟类被迫离开。25．A.Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Otherwise解析：选A空前提到鸟的数量减少了，空后提到蛇的数量也减少了，故此处用Besides(此外)。26．A.agreed B．realizedC．remembered D．predicted解析：选B根据语境可知，这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树木来为它们提供保护。27．A.noise B．heatC．disease D．dust解析：选B根据下句中的“duringthedaytime”并结合常识可知，这里指的是没有足够的树木来保护这些动物免受高温(heat)的伤害。28．A.directions B．partnersC．help D．shelter解析：选D根据空前的“planttrees”及语境可知，解决方法是种树，以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。29．A.labor B．policeC．forest D．finance解析：选C根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的“forhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere”可知，他向林业部门求助。forest“林区，森林”，符合语境。30．A.rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managed解析：选B根据空前的“Molaiwentlookingonhisown”以及空后的“anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees”可知，此处表示他发现(discovered)了一个附近的岛屿，他可以在那儿植树。31．A.Decorating B．ObservingC．Watering D．Guarding解析：选C根据下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”及语境可知，这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水，故用Watering。32．A.tough B．illegalC．fantastic D．beneficial解析：选A根据空后的“foraloneboy”可知，对这个男孩来说，独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。33．A.back B．topC．foot D．side解析：选B根据下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”可知，他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建了一个竹子制成的平台。34．A.cooldown B．keepoffC．purify D．collect解析：选D根据空前的“whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“Thewater”可知，他在竹子平台上放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集(collect)雨水。35．A.returned B．learnedC．failed D．continued解析：选D根据空后的“toplanttreesforthenext37years”以及下文可知，他在接下来的37年中继续(continued)植树。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第33题主要考查学生的逻辑性思维。根据下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”可以迅速地确定装置是放在每棵幼树的顶部，他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建了一个竹子制成的平台。back“背面，后面”；top“顶部”；foot“底部”；side“旁边，侧面”。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度人Molai从小就意识到大自然的珍贵与美丽，在发现洪灾给动物带来了危害之后，他坚持长年植树造林改善环境。他的付出为许多植物和动物创造了新的家园。文章旨在弘扬Molai植树造林改善环境的无私精神，与此同时也在倡导人们关注自然生态和保护环境，意在提高人们与自然和谐共处的意识。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itisimportanttoprotectmyfairskinfromthesun.2．ItsuddenlyhitmethatIhadleftmykeysbehind.3．Thereportsayslackofwatermayresultinseveralproblems.4．Wetbooksshouldbe_placed(place)onend(竖着)withtheirpageskeptapart.5．Travelingaroundandseeingsomuchhappening(happen)intheworldaroundusisawonderfulexperience.Ⅱ.补全句子1．John'srudenesssoondroveMonica'sfriendsaway(赶走)．2．Asweallknow,Chinais_home_to(……的栖息地)pandas.3．Whenhisparentsdiedhehadtolearntoliveon_his_own(独立地)．Ⅲ.分析长难句1．Herealizedthatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.[句式解构]本句是一个含有一个宾语从句和一个表语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是He，谓语动词是realized。其中that引导宾语从句，because引导表语从句。[句意翻译]他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的伤害。2．Molaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.[句式解构]本句是一个含有定语从句的复合句。主句的主语是Molai，谓语动词是built。where引导非限制性定语从句，对“abambooplatform”进行补充说明；“withsmallholes”作定语修饰pots；不定式短语“tocollectrainwater”作目的状语。[句意翻译]Molai在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子做成的平台，在平台上他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。Ⅳ.语法填空MolaigrewupinatinyvillagenearsomewetlandsinIndia,1.whichbecamehissecondhome.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyofnaturetherefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething2.disturbing(disturb)happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddriven3.awayanumberofbirds.Besides，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.Herealized4.thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.Thesolution,ofcourse,was5.to_plant(plant)treessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.Heturnedtotheforestdepartmentforhelpbut6.was_told(tell)thatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwent7.looking(look)onhisownanddiscoveredanearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.8．Watering(water)youngplantsinthedryseasonwastoughforaloneboy.Molaibuiltat9.thetopofeachsaplingabambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow.Molaicontinuedtoplanttreesforthenext37years.His10.efforts(effort)haveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally­grownlandthathasbeehometomanyplantsandanimals.Ⅴ.主题语境写作两个月前，你注意到你居住的社区有人乱扔垃圾，你为此向相关部门反映，并利用空闲时间在社区内开展宣传活动，社区环境得到了极大的改善，请就此场景写一篇小短文。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Twomonthsago,Inoticedthatthereweresomepeoplelitteringinourmunity.Therefore,IreportedittotherelevantdepartmentsandatthesametimeIsparedmyfreetimetocarryoutvariousactivitiestocallforthecitizenstotakecareofourlivingenvironment.Tomygreatdelight,therelevantdepartmentspaidattentiontothesituationandtookaseriesofmeasuresandallthecitizenswereallveryactiveinprotectingourlivingenvironment.Gradually,themunityenvironmenthasbeengreatlyimproved.课下主题训练自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护Ⅰ.阅读理解FiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestrecentlyhavebeenmakingtheheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生态多样性)．Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled“thelungsoftheworld”．Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbonisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity，”ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic.“Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere，”hestressed.“Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected，”UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchshowthatatotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinBrazilinthefirst8monthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018.“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentparedtothelast12months，”CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforestwhosedegradation(恶化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨林火灾造成严重的后果以及保护亚马孙热带雨林的紧急性。1．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第二段第一句和第三句可知，亚马孙热带雨林被称为“地球之肺”，广袤的雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。由此可知，第二段主要讲亚马孙雨林的重要作用。故选A项。2．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph?A．Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheurgencyofprotectingtherainforest.解析：选D写作意图题。根据第四段第一句可知，巴西森林火灾的数量2018年前8个月是39194,2019年前8个月是71497。再根据第二句可知，巴西亚马孙河流域的森林面积比过去12个月减少了20%到30%。最后再根据第三段最后一句中的“TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected”和最后一段最后一句可推知，作者提到第四段中的数字是为了说明保护雨林的紧急性。3．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage?A．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.解析：选C主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句可知，雨林火灾威胁生物多样性和人类生活；再根据最后一段第一句可知，巴西拥有大约60%的亚马孙雨林，其恶化会对全球气候有严重后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告诉我们，雨林火灾会造成严重后果。4．Whichsectionofanewspapermightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom?A．Cultureandlife. B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety. D．Scienceandtechnology.解析：选B文章出处题。根据第一段中的“theywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生态多样性)”和第二段第三句并结合全文内容可知，本文讲述的是亚马孙雨林火灾及其严重后果，所以本文最有可能摘自报纸的自然地理部分。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Wheredohurricanenamesefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterandwind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?Beforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.__1__TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,theGreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanesreceivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.__2__Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangelynamedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.__3__Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950－1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAblethroughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theUSNationalHurricaneCenterbeganusingfemalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butithelpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.__4__Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters'wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothemix.TheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmaleandfemalessi