2024届高考英语二轮复习阶段测试卷(新高考II卷专用)03(解析版)

2024届高考一轮复习阶段测试卷（新高考II卷专用）03

英语试卷

（语法填空为原创试题）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷匕录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸

±>

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完

每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来I可答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandemployee.B.Husbandandwife.C.Waiterandcustomer.

2.Wheredidthewomanleavehercellphone?

A.OnthefootballGeld.B.Attheoffice.C.Althecafe.

3.Whatwillthewomanspeakerdo?

A.Makealist.B.Buysportsequipment.C.Contactthebuscompany.

4.Whydocsthewomanmakeacall?

A.Tochangetheplan.B.Tohaveadiscussion.C.Tomakeareservation.

5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Goodsexchange.B.CDpurchase.C.After-salesservice.

第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或读白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置,听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Wheredidthespeakersgoswinuning?

A.Inthesea.B.Intheriver.C.Inthelake.

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampsite?

A.Itneededashop.B.Itwastoosmall.C.Ithadgoodshowers.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatisthemanspeakersatisfiedwith?

A.Thesong.B.Thebook.C.Thescreenplay.

9.Whatisthewoman'sopinionabcuttheendingofthefilm?

A.Appealing.B.Accurate.C.Unsaiisfaciory.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

10.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?

A.Toaskafavor.B.Tofetchhiscar.C.lbofferalift.

11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Sendthepaperonline.B.Buyanewcomputer.C.Usehersister'scar.

12.Whatdoes(hewomansayabouttheman?

A.Outofdate.B.Clever.C.Cool.

13.Whatwillthemando?

A.Drivetoschool.B.Callhisprofessor.C.Gotothewoman'shouse.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Howdidthewomanknow(hegym?

A.Fromafriend.B.Fromawebsite.C.Fromanewspaper.

15.Howlongisthegymopenaday?

A.16hours.B.19hours.C.24hours.

16.Whatdoesthegymoffer?

A.Nutritiousmeals.B.Freepersonaltrainers.C.Thelowestmembershipfee.

17.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoatlast?

A.Payavisittothegym.B.Chooseapersonaltrainer.C.Applyfbramembershipcard.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Wheredohugestormsformeveryyear?

A.InNorthernAfrica.B.IntheUnitedStates.C.IntheAtlanticOcean.

19.Whatisthereasonformoreseverestorms?

A.Dustcarriedbywinds.B.Norainfallfbrlong.C.Changeablewind.

20.Whatistheprobableinfluenceofthedust?

A.Itpollutesthewholecountry.

B.Itdoesharmtopeople'shealth.

C.ItisathreattotheSaharaDesert.

【答案】1-5CCCAC6-10CAACA11-15AACAB16-20CAABB

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.

A

Whetheryou'removingacrossthecountryoracrosstheworld,it'simportanttochooseamovingcompany

that'stherightfitfbryourexactneedsorbudget.Readaboutthetoppackingandmovingcompanieswithour

guidecoveringprosandcons,offerings,andcustomerreviews.

OURRATING:

Relocation

4,7/5

Withover90yearsofexperience,themovingcompanyhasfinishedover750,00（）movesindifferentstatesin

theU.S.in（helast15yearsalone.

ProsandCons

JAvailableforlocal,long-distanceandinternationalmoves

JGreatcustomerservice

XDiscountinformationisnotreadilyavailable

OURRATING：

MostExperienced

MoverAMEKICAIV

V•---4.5/5

AVLfocusesonprovidinghighlyexperiencedandskillfulmoverstoyourpackingservices.Themoving

companyprovidesitsservicesinev£ryslate.

ProsandCons

JHighlyskilledmoverswithanaverageof10yearsofexperience

■/Promisestomatchorbeatthepriceifthesameserviceisfoundatalowercost

XAnup-frontdepositisrequired

XLimitedpricinginformationonline

OURRATING:

BestFull-Service

MoverInternational

★★★★04.8/51VL

IVLprovidesitspackingandmovingservicesforbothlocalandlong-distancemovesinall50states,aswell

as180countries.Andthecompanyallowsyoutohavecontroloveryourpackingexperience.

ProsandCons

VSpecialtyservicesfordifficultitemssuchasartwork,antiquesandpianos

VProtectionplanswithanadjustablecoveragecap

XCustomerreviewsmention(hedifficultyincommunicationattimes

OURRATING:

BestforClaimsnorthAmerican

4.6/5MOVINGSERVICES

Thisfull-servicemovingcompanyhasmorethan80yearsofmovingexperienceandanetworkofmorethan

500locationsnationwide.

ProsandCons

JOnlineshipmenttracking

JMovingcontainersavailableforinterstatemoves

XServiceandexperiencemayvarybyagent

XNoinstantonlinequotes

21.Whichofthefollowingcompaniesrateshighest?

A.Allied.B.AmericanVanLines.

C.InternationalVanLines.D.NorthAmericanMovingServices.

22.WhatistheadvantageofAmericanVanLines?

A.Ilgivespricinginformationonline.B.hisexperiencedinpackingexpensiveitems.

C.Ithasmovingcontainersforinterstatemoves.D.Itguaranteesthelowestpriceofihesameservice.

23.Whatdothefourcompanieshaveincommonaccordingtothetext?

A.Theyfeaturehighlyskilledmovers.B.Theyhaveover80yearsofexperience.

C.Theycanprovidemovingservicesnationwide.D.Theycanofferservicesforcustomizedpacking.

【答案】21.C22.D23.C

【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家顶级的包装和搬家公司，包括其服务、优缺点和评分等信息。

21.细节理解题。根据四张图片中Allied的评分4.7/5、AmericanVanLines的评分4.5/5、InternationalVan

Lines的评分4.8/5、NorthAmericanMovingServices的评分4.6/5可知，InternationalVanLines公司的评分

最高。故选C项。

22.细节理解题。根据AmericanVanLines的ProsandCons部分中“Promisesiomatchorbeatthepriceifrhe

sameserviceisfoundatalowercost"（承诺如果以更低的成本找到相同的服务，就会提供相同或更低的价格）

可知，AmericanVanLines的优势在于保证了相同服务的最低价格。故选D项。

23.细节理解题。根据Allied部分中“Withover90yearsofexperience,themovingcompanyhasfinishedover

750,000movesindifferentstatesintheU.S.inthelast15yearsalone.^^（凭借超过90年的经验，这家搬家公司

仅在过去的15年里就在美国的不同州完成了超过75万次搬家。）、AmericanVanLines部分中“Themoving

companyprovidesitssenicesineverystate."（这家搬家公司在每个州都提供服务。）、InternationalVanLines

部分中“1VLprovidesitspackingandmovingscniccsforbothlocalandlong-distancemovesinall50states,as

wellas180countries.^IVL为所有50个州以及180个国家的本地和长途移动提供包装和搬家服务。）、Nonh

AmericanMovingServices部分中“Thisfull-servicemovingcompanyhasmorethan80yearsofmoving

experienceandanetworkofmorethan500locationsnationwide."（这家全方位服务的搬家公司拥有80多年的

搬家经验和遍布全国500多个地点的网络。）可知，四家公司的共同点是可以提供全国范围内的搬家服务。

故选C项。

B

Asarchaeologists（考古学家）examinedancienttombsinTurfaninwesternChina,theydiscoveredsome

surprisinglywell-presenedandfamiliarrelics.Thoughhardenedfromover1,000years,theresatlittledumplings.

Exactlywhoinventeddumplingsremainsamystery.Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadby

nomadic（游牧的）TurkicpeopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobe（hecasebecause

“manti,“meaning“dumpling"or“steamedbun”inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfor

dumplinginseveralotherlanguages.AncientTurkicpeopleprobablyfilledtheirdumplingswithineat.Butit's

unclearwhenthispracticebegan,orwhethertheylearnedtheartofdumpling-makingfromothers.Howeverthis

happened,dumplingscertainlygatheredsleaminancientChina.

DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenextthousandyears.Insteadofthe

traditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian（素食）dumplings.Peopledevelopednewcooking

methods.TherelationshipbetweenChinesedumplingsandthoseinotherareasistrickytotrace,butfood

historianshavemadetheirbestguessesbasedonavailableclues.

BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealsocontributedtothespreadof

dumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.Thesedumplingscouldhavecomebywayof

ChinaordirectlyfromsomeoftheTurkicpeoplestheMongolshiredtoruntheirempire.Onetheoryisthatthis

gaverisetodumplingslikepelmeniinRussia,pierogiinPolandandvarenikiinUkraine.TheMongolEmpirealso

controlledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumplingvarieties

wereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans"littlelumps”.

DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese'jiaozi”werebroughttoJapan.SowhatabouttheItaliandumpling-like

pasta?SomehistoriansthinkitmightbebroughtbyArabconquerors.

It'sunlikelythatalldumplingdishescamefromthesameroottradition.However,wecanappreciatethe

mysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.

24.WhatmadeTurkicpeoplessuspsetedtofirstspreaddumplings?

A.Thelanguages(heyused.B.Theireatinghabits.

C.Theirdumpling-makingskills.D.Thenewlyfoundtombs.

25.Whatdoesthephrase“gatheredsteam,,inparagraph2mean?

A.Originated.B.Stabilized.C.Gotwell-cooked.D.Becamepopular.

26.Whatdocsparagraph4focuson?

A.Thespreadingprocessofdumplings.B.Thepossibleoriginsofdumplings.

C.Differencesbetweenvariousdumplings.D.Reasonsforthepopularityofdumplings.

27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribedumplingsaccording(othepassage?

A.Delicious.B.Diverse.C.Unusual.D.Regional.

【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了有关饺子传播的一些历史。

24.细节理解题。根据第：段中的“Butsomescholarssuspecttheywerefirstspreadbynomadic(游牧的)Turkic

peopleslivinginwesternChinaandCentralAsia.Thisisthoughttobethecasebecause1manti/meaning

'dumpling'or'steamedbun'inmanyTurkiclanguages,appearstobetherootwordfbrdumplinginseveralother

languages.（但一些学者怀疑，它们最早是由生活在中国西部和中亚的突厥游牧民族传播的。之所以会被认

为是这种情况，是因为'manti，在许多突厥语中的意思是，饺子，或，馒头，，在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词

根，户可知，由于突厥语的“mant:“在其他几种语言中似乎是饺子的词根，所以突厥民族被怀疑是最初传播

饺子的人。故选A。

25.短语猜测题。根据第三段中的"DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenext

thousandyears.（在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。户可知，在突厥之后的一千年里，

饺子继续受到人们的喜爱，并且出现了多种形式，由此可推测出，“dumplingscertainlygaiheredsteamin

ancientChina”表示的是饺子无疑在古代中国很受欢迎。gathersteam意为“受欢迎，流行“，与becomepopular

的意思最接近。故选D。

26.主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“BesidesTurkictribes,somescholarsbelievethattheMongolEmpirealso

contributedtothespreadofdumplings,perhapsintroducingthemtopartsofEasternEurope.（除了突厥部落，一

些学者认为蒙古帝国也对饺子的传播做出了贡献，也许将饺子引入了东欧的部分地区。广不小TheMongol

EmpirealsocontrolledKoreaandmighthavelikewiseintroduceddumplingsthere.Later,afterChinesedumpling

varietieswereintroducedtomorecountries,Englishspeakersbegancallingthemdumplings,whichmeans'little

lunps,.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,Chinese'jiaozi'werebroughttoJapan.（蒙古帝国也控制了朝鲜，并可能

在那里引入了饺子。后来，随着中国饺子品种被引入更多的国家，讲英语的人开始称它们为饺子，意思是

，小肿块'第二次世界大战期间，中国的，饺子，被带到了日本。）“可知，第四段主要讲述了饺子的传播过程。

故选A。

27.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“DumplingscontinuedtotakeoffanddiversifyinChinaoverthenext

thousandyears.Insteadofthetraditionalmeatfilling,somecommunitieschosevegetarian（素食）dumplings.

Peopledevelopednewcookingmethods.（在接下来的一千年里，饺子在中国继续流行并多样化。一些社会选

择了素食饺子，而不是传统的肉馅。人们开发了新的烹饪方法。厂和最后一段中的“However,wecan

appreciatethemysterioushistoricalwebthatmadedumplingssovarious.（然而，我们可以欣赏到使饺子如此多

样化的神秘历史之网可知，饺子经过千年来的发展演变，有了不同的口味和烹饪方法，由此可推测出，

用“多样化”（diverse）最能描述饺子。故选B.

C

AnewstudyhasfoundthatsmilingatLondonbusdriversincreaseshappiness.However,ontheNumber24

bustoIlampsteadHeath,Londonersaresceptical.<lBusdrivers,saysLizHands,apassenger,“aregenerally

annoying.”

ItmightseemimprobablethatareportonLondon'sbusescouldchangebehaviour.Butithashappened

before.London'sbuseshaveanunderappreciatedroleinthehistoryofmedicalscience.Inthe1940s,asingle

studyofLondon?stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流行病学），medicineandthewaywclivenow.

Everytimeyougoonarun.checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairsinsteadofthelift,youarefollowingapath

pioneeredbythefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.

Inthelate1940s,doctorswereworried.Britain,likemanyrichcountries,wassufferingfroman“epidemic”

ofheartdiseaseandnooneknewwhy.Varioushypotheses,suchasstress,weresuggested;butonethingthatwas

no!exercisingresearcherswasexercise.Theideathathealthandexercisewerelinked"wasn'ttheacceptedfact

thatweknowtoday"，saysNickWareham,aprofessorofepidemiologyatCambridgeUniversity.Someevenfelt

that"toomuchphysicalactivitywasabadthingfbryourhealth,,.Minersandfarmerswhodidphysicalexercise

alsosufferedfromvariousdiseasesanddiedyoung.

AtthistimeayoungdoctorcalledJerryMorrisstartedtosuspectthattheincreasingdeathsfromheart

diseasemightbelinked(ooccupation.Hebeganstudyingthemedicalrecordsof31,000Londontransportworkers.

Hisfindingswerebreaihiaking:conductors,whospent(heir(imerunningupanddownstairs,hadan

approximately30%lowerpossibilityofdiseasethandrivers,whosatdownallday.Exercisewaskeepingpeople

alive.

Morris'sresearchwaseventuallypublishedin1953,justthreeyearsafterastudybyRichardDollprovingthe

linkbetweensmokingandlungcancer.Morris'sworkhadconsequencesbothbigandsmall.Morrisnowalsotook

upexercise,handinghisjackettohisdaughterandjustrunning.^PeoplethoughtIwasbananas.^^Slowly,therest

oftheworldlookoffitsjacketandfollowed.

28.Whydoestheauthormentionthenewstudyinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toclarifyaconcept.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Topresenttheargument.D.Toprovideanexample.

29.Whatdocstheunderlinedpart“exercisingresearchers^inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Encouragingresearcherstoworkout.B.Helpingwithresearchers*inquiry.

C.Holdbackresearchers'progress.D.Drawingresearchers5attention.

30.HowdidMorrisconducthisstudyonthetransportemployees?

A.Bycarryingoutsurvey.B.Byobservingtheirroutines.

C.Bydoingmedicalexaminations.D.Byanalyzingthemedicaldata.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.SmilingandItsEffectsonLondonBusDrivers.

B.TheEvolutionofLondon'sTransportationSystem.

C.HowLondonBusDriversLedtheworldtoexercise.

D.WhatLondonersThinkaboutStudiesonBusDrivers.

【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.C

【酢析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了伦敦公共汽车上的工人曾经改变了人们如今的生活方式，曾经

人们认为锻炼有害身体，结果对工人的研究发现锻炼使人保持活力。

28.推理判断题。根据第一段“AnewstudyhasfoundthatsmilingatLondonbusdriversincreaseshappiness.

However,ontheNumber24bustoHampsteadHeath,Londonersarcsceptical.uBusdrivers,“saysLizHands,a

passenger,“aregenerallyannoying.”（一项新的研究发现，对伦敦公交司机微笑会增加幸福感。然而，在前往

汉普斯特德希思的24路公共汽车上，伦敦人持怀疑态度。“公交车司机，”乘客LizHands说，“通常都很

烦人。”）”以及第二段“Inthe1940s,asinglestudyofLondon'stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流

行病学），medicineandthewaywelivenow.Eveiytimeyougoonarun,checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairs

insteadofthelift,youarcfollowingapathpioneeredbythefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.（20世纪40年

代，一项针对伦敦运输工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学却我们现在的生活方式。每当你跑步、检查步数、

或走楼梯而不是乘电梯时，你都是在追随伦敦公共汽车上工人们的脚步）“可推知，作者在第一段提到了这

项新研究是为「引入文章话题。改选B。

29.词句猜测题。根据划线词“wasexercise”以及后文“Theideathathealthandexercisewerelinked"wasn'tthe

acceptedfactthatwcknowtoday"，saysNickWareham,aprofessorofepidemiologyatCambridgeUniversity.

Someevenfeltthat“toomuchphysicalactivitywasabadthingforyourhcalth^^.Minersandfarmerswhodid

physicalexercisealsosufferedfromvariousdiseasesanddiedyoung.（剑桥大学流行病学教授NickWareham表

示，健康和运动有关的观点“在当时并不是我们今天所知道的公决事实”。一些人甚至认为“过多的体育活动

对你的健康有害从事体育锻炼的矿工和农民也会患上各种疾病，英年早逝广可知，当时认为锻炼会对健

康有害，即锻炼没有引起研究人员的注意。故划线词意思是“引起研究人员的注意故选D。

30.细节理解题。根据倒数第：段"AtthistimeayoungdoctorcalledJerryMorrisstartedtosuspectthatthe

increasingdeathsfromheartdiseasemightbelinkedtooccupation.Hebeganstudyingthemedicalrecordsof

31.000Londontransportworkers.（这时，一位名叫杰瑞•莫里斯的年轻医生开始怀疑，心脏病死亡人数的增加

可能与职业有关。他开始研究31.000名伦敦交通工人的医疗记录）”可知，莫里斯通过解析运输员工的医疗

数据进行研究。故选D。

31.主旨大意题。根据第二段“ItmightseemimprobablethatareportonLondon'sbusescouldchangebehaviour.

Butithashappenedbefore.London'sbuseshaveanunderappreciatedroleinthehistoryofmedicalscience.Inthe

1940s,asinglestudyofLondon'stransportworkerstransformedepidemiology（流行:病学），medicineandtheway

welivenow.Everytimeyougoonarun,checkyourstep-count,ortakethestairsinsteadofthelift,youare

followingapathpioneeredbythefeetoftheworkersonLondon'sbuses.（一份关于伦敦公交车的报告似乎不太

可能改变人们的行为,但这种情况以前也发生过。伦敦的公共汽车在医学科学史上的作用被低估了。20世

纪40年代，一项针对伦敦交通工人的研究改变了流行病学、医学和我们现在的生活方式。每当你跑步、

检查步数、或走楼梯而不是乘电梯时，你都是在追随伦敦公共汽车上工人们的脚步厂结合文章主要说明了

伦敦公共汽车上的工人曾经改变了人们如今的生活方式，曾经人们认为锻炼有害身体，结果对工人的研究

发现锻炼使人保持活力。可.知，C选项“伦敦巴士司机如何引领世界运动”最符合文章标题。故选C。

D

Re-purposingdiaperstomakebuildingmaterialswouldreducetheamountofgarbagethatgoestoalandfill.

Itcouldalsomakehomesmoreaffordable.Maybegivinguseddiapersanewusecouldhelptacklebothproblems.

Buildingmaterial-especiallythosethatarcusedforstrengtheningstructures—arcoftenexpensive.They're

oftenthebiggesthurdletomakinghomesaffordable.Soresearchershavepreviouslyinvestigatedunusual

materialsthatcouldsavecosts.Thesematerialsincludedmany(hatwouldotherwisepileupaswasts,suchasfly

ash.

“ThereisabigneedindevelopingcountriessuchastheSoutheastAsiannation,Indonesia.There,demand

forlow-costhousingoutstripswhat'savailable.ThenumberofpeopleinIndonesia'scitieshasclimbedbyabout4

percentperyearinthelast30years.By2025,morethantwo-thirdsofIndonesiansarcexpectedtoliveinurban

areas.Indonesia'spopulationboomisintensifyingthedemandfbrhousing,nsaysSiswantiZuraida,an

environmentalengineerinIndonesia.

“Despitetheneedfbrmoreaffordablehousing,therearesignificantproblemsthatstandinthewayof

adoptingdiapers,“Zuraidasays.Useddiaperscontainwoodpulp,cottonandplastic,whicharepotentiallyuseful

buildingmaterials.Diapersplasticcomponentswouldhavetobeseparatedfromtheorganicfibers,acomplicated

recyclingprocesscurrentlyavailableonlyindevelopednations.AndIndonesia'sbuildingregulationsrestrict

togcthcr-matcrialstobricks,wood,steelandconcrete(whichisusedtoholdbrickstogether)—materialsthatalso

bearahighcostintermsofcarbonemissions.

Butreusingdiapersmightnotbethatenvironmentallyfriendly,especiallyonalargescale."Il'strickyto

separatedirtydiapersfromwasteanddisinfectthem.Soitwouldtakealotofenergytorecyclediapers.It's

maybeworthwhiletostartthinkingaboutwaystoreplacesingle-usediaperswithsomethinglessfrequently

thrownaway,“saysChristofSchrofl,achemistwhoworksatTechnischeUniversitatDresdeninGemany.

32.Whichstatementdescribestheideaofre-purposingdiapersbest?

A.Nopains,nogains.B.Wastenot,wantnot.

C.Killtwobirdswithonestone.D.Greatmindsthinkalike.

33.Whatis(hemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?

A.Phase.B.Barrier.C.Goal.D.Advantage.

34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?

A.ItisillegaltousediapersasbuildingmaterialinIndonesia.

B.Makingbuildingmaterialshaslittleeffectonclimatewarming.

C.Theplasticcomponentsindiaperscanmakebuildingsstronger.

D.Developedcountrieshavedifficultyseparatingorganicfibersondiapers.

35.WhatisSchrofl'sattitudetowardsreusingdiapers?

A.Indifferent.B.Supportive.C.Admiring.D.Objective.

【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了将尿布再利用作为建筑材料，可以减少进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾

数量，同时让人们更负担得起住房。

32.推埋判断题。根据笫一段“Re-purposingdiapersiomakebuildingmaterialswouldreducetheamountof

garbage（hatgoestoalandfill.Itcouldalsomakehomesmoreaffordable.（将纸尿裤重新用于制造建筑材料将

减少进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量,它还可以让人们更负担得起住房广可推知，尿布的再利用属于一举两得。

故选C。

33.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Buildingmaterial—especiallythosethatareusedforstrengthening

stmetures—areoftenexpensive.（建筑材料---尤其是那些用来加固结构的材料----通常都很昂贵）”以及后

文/makinghomesaffordable”可知，建筑材料昂贵是人们买得起房子的障碍。由此可知，划线词意思是“障

碍:故选B。

34.推理判断题。根据第四段“AndIndonesia'sbuildingregulationsrestricttogether-materials（obricks,wood,

steelandconcrete（whichisusedtoholdbrickstogether）—materialsthatalsobearahighcostintermsofcarbon

emissions」此外，印尼的建筑法规将“合材”材料限制为砖块、木材、钢材和混凝土（用于将痞块粘合在一

起）—这些材料在碳排放方面也承担着高昂的成本）”可推知，在印尼，用尿布做建筑材料是违法的。故

选A<.

35.推理判断题。根据最后一段“"It'strickytoseparatedirtydiapersfromwasteanddisinfectthem.Soitwould

takealotofenergytorecyclediapers.It'smaybeworthwhiletostartthinkingaboutwaystoreplacesingle-use

diaperswithsomethinglessfrequentlythrownaway,“saysChristofSchrofl,achemistwhoworksatTechnische

UniversitatDresdeninGermany.（“将脏尿布与垃圾分开并消毒是件棘手的事情。所以回收尿布需要很多能源。

德国德累斯顿工业技术学院的化学家ChristofSchron说：“也许开始考虑用不那么经常被扔掉的东西取代

一次性尿布是值得的。可推知，施罗德对尿布重复使用的态度是客观的。故选D。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12・5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Haveyouevercaughtawhiffofsomethingandbeenstronglyremindedofapersonorplace?Thereseemsto

beadeeppsychologicallinkbetweensmellsandourmemoiy.Someresearchevensuggeststhatsmellscan

influenceourcognition.

36RojaDove,aperfumer,toldtheBBCthatwhenwearcborn,theolfactorybulb（嗅球），whichisthe

areainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginformationorassociation.37Whenwe

smellanodour（气味）again,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesfloodingbackbecauseof（heassociation

acquiredinoutpreviousexperience.

Ourawarenessofsmellsisprimarilyunconscious.38But,low-levelsmellsarcstillpickedupbecause

thescentreceptors（感受器）inourbrainaresopowerfulthatweunconsciouslyregisterthem.Infact,various

studieshavefound（heolfactorybu：bsendsmoreneurons（神经元）iomoreareasofourbrainthanourhearingor

vision.

Researchsuggeststhatthepowerofsmellcan-alsoaffecthowthebrainperforms39.MarkMossat

NorthumbriaUniversity'sPsychologyDepartmentdiscoveredthatcertainessentialoils,suchaspeppermint,

positivelyimpactcognition,androsemary'ssentcanenhancememory.Healsostudiedlavender（薰衣草），which

hesays“tendstoimpairmemoryandslowreactionButresearchbyothershasshownittobeusefulin

reducingpre-treatmen（anxietyindentalandmedicalsituations.

40Thenexttimeafamiliarsmellbringsbackaspecialmemory,justrememberthatyournoseis

workingwonders.

A.Whydosmellstakeusback?

B.So,don'ttakeyournosefbrgranted.

C.Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?

D.Scentscanrevivememoriesthathavebeenlongforgotten.

E.Wearenotactivelyawareofthemunless（heyareextremelystrong.

F.Thisisespeciallytruewhenitcomestothefragranceofessentialoils.

G.Therefore,ourresponsestosmellsarelearntandhighlyindividualized.

【答案】36.C37.G38.E39.F40.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气味可以影响我们的认知。

36.根据下文“RojaDove,aperfumer,toldtheBBCthatwhenweareborn,theolfactorybulb（嗅球），whichis

theareainourbrainthatprocessessmell,isempty,withoutpre-existinginfbnnationorassociation.（香水师Roja

Dove告诉BBC,当我们出生时，我们大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系）”可知，

此处是在说明嗅觉与大脑的关系，因此选择项C“Howisthesenseofsmellconnectedtoyourbrain?（嗅觉是如

何连接到你的大脑的？）”符合语境。故选C。

37.根据下文“Whenwesmellanodour（气味）again,theoriginalanduniquememorycomesfloodingback

becauseoftheassociationacquiredinoutpreviousexperience.（当我们再次闻到一种气味时,由于我们先前经

验中获得的联想，最初的和独特的记忆会大量涌现）“可知，我们是后天获得的对气味的反应。因此选择项

G'Therefbre,ourresponsestosmellsarelearntandhighlyindividualized。因此,我们对气味的反应是习得的,

并且高度个性化）”符合语境。故选G。

38.根据上文“Ourawarenessofsnellsisprimarilyunconscious.（我们对气味的意识主要是无意识的）”可知,

想对味有意识需要一定的条件,因此选择项E"Wearenotactivelyawareofthemunlesstheyareextremely

strong”除非它们非常强大，否则我们不会主动意识到它们）“符合语境。故选E。

39.根据下文“MarkMossarNonhumbria