初三英语被动语态讲解与精练

初三英语被动语态讲解与精练初三英语被动语态讲解与精练初三英语被动语态讲解与精练资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月初三英语被动语态讲解与精练版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：初中英语被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／begoingtobe＋spoken过去将来时：would／begoingtobe＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋spoken过去进行时：was／werebeing＋spoken现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken三、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）

1．一般现在时（am/is/are+done）

Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。

ClassmeetingisheldeveryThursday.每周四都举行班会。

Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/were+done)

Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

Hewassavedatlast.他最终获救了。

Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(willbe+done;wouldbe+done)

Aspeechwillbegiventhisafternoon.今天下午有一个演讲。

Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。

Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/is/arebeing+done;was/werebeing+done)

Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。

Abusisbeingpushedbythepassengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5．现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)literature

Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

Thebookhasbeenreadmanytimesbyme.这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

Severalsoldiershavealreadybeenkilledintheconflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。

6．过去完成时(hadbeen+done)

Theysaidtheyhadbeeninvitedtotheparty.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

Shefoundthehousehadbeendestroyedbythestorm.她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

Hehadbeentorturedbytheillnessformanyyearsbeforehedied.

他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。四、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Itshouldbedoneatonce.五、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（3）表示客观的说明常用"Itis+过去分词."句型。

ItissaidthatLucyhasgoneabroad.据说露茜已经出国了。

Itisbelievedthatheisaspy.(=Heisbelievedtobeaspy.)大家相信他是个间谍。

其它常见的"Itis+过去分词+that"句型还有

Itisreportedthat…据报道

Itissaidthat…据说

Itisbelievedthat…大家相信

Itissuggestedthat…有人建议六、动词的主动形式表示被动之意

（1）以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look,feel,smell等。Theflowersmellssweet.这花闻起来很香。

Thewatchlooksgood.这表看起来很好。

Thisbooksellswell.这本书畅销。（2）下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，takeplace

Anaccidentwashappenedyesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.（）

七、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.Atreewascutdownbyhim.专项练习1(

)1Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed(

)

2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken(

)3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.

A.oftensingsB.oftensang

C.isoftensangD.isoftensung(

)4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.

A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade(

)5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused (

)6Ourroommust___clean.

A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep(

)7Theclassroom____________everyday.A.cleansB.iscleaningC.iscleanedD.hascleaned()8Theflowers___often.

A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()9Youmaygofishingifyourwork__________.A.isdone

B.willbedoneC.hasdone

D.done()10Iwasn’tathomeyesterday.I_____tohelpthefarmers.

A.askedB.amaskedC.wasaskedD.wasasking()11AlotoA.wassentB.issentC.weresentD.issending(

)12Japanese_________ineverycountry.

A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking(

)13.Tea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow(

)14Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt(

)15.AwonderfulEnglishtalk_____byMrLiutomorrow.A.hasbeengivenB.isgivenC.isbeinggivenD.willbegiven专项练习2()1.Goodbooks____againandagain.

A.shouldbereadedB.shouldbereadC.mustread

()2.Thechildren____bythenurse.

A.werelooked

B.lookedafterC.werelookedafter

()3.He___somepiecesofadvice,buthe____tothem.

A.gave,didn'tlisten

B.wasgiven,wasn'tlistenedC.wasgiven,didn'tlisten

()4.When____theaccident_____

A.was,happenB.did,happenC.was,happened

()5.Thequestion____byussoon.

A.willdiscussB.isgoingtobediscussedC.hasbeendiscussed

()6.Thelab____aboutfiveyearsago.

A.wasbuildedB.wasbuiltC.hasbeenbuilt

()7.Alotoftallbuildings_____inhishometowninthelastthreeyears.

A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetup

()8.They____printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.

A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinished

()9.Rice___also_____intheirhometown.

A.is…grownB.is…grewC.was…grown

()10.He____bytheteachers.

A.isalwayspraisedB.alwaysispraisedC.havebeenpraised

()11.Greatchanges____place.Manynewschools____

.

A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopenC.havebeentaken,areopened

()12.Thepicture______

inOctober,1996.

A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastaken

()13.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit______.

A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepaired

()14.I______thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.

A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshown

()15.Oh,themilk____strange.Doyouthinkit‘sOKtodrink？AwastastedBtastesCistasting综合练习Ⅱ.完形填空（10分）Iusedtowatchalittlegirlplayingbasketballeveryday.OnedayIaskedherwhyshepracticedso16.Shesaid,“IlikebasketballandIwanttobethe17player.Mydadtoldme,‘Ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.’”Sheneverchangedhermind.Shepracticedbasketballeveryday.18onedaybeforeshegraduatedfromhighschool,Isawhersittingonthegrass19.Iaskedherwhatwaswrong.Shetoldmethathercoachsaidshewas20shorttobeagoodbasketballplayer.Shewasheartbroken.Thenherfathersaidtoher,“Ifyou21wanttobeagoodbasketballplayer,nothingbutyou22canstopyourdream.”Hetoldher23,“Ifthedreamisbigenough,thefactsdon’tcount.”Thenextyear,sheandherteamwenttoabigmatch.Shewas24byacoachofafamousteamandwasgivenachancetothe25basketballteam.()16.A.fewB.littleC.muchD.hardly()17.A.goodB.betterC.wellD.best()18.A.AndB.ButC.SoD.Firstofall()19.A.happilyB.sleepilyC.sadlyD.noisily()20.A.soB.veryC.quiteD.too()21.A.reallyB.possiblyC.badlyD.successfully()22.A.himselfB.yourselfC.herselfD.yourselves()23.A.oftenB.againC.alwaysD.ever()24.A.allowedB.taughtC.refusedD.noticed()25.A.men’sB.women’sC.children’sD.adults’Ⅲ.阅读理解（30分）1970was“WorldConservationYear”.TheUNwantedeveryonetoknowthattheworldwasindanger–theyhopedthatgovernmentswouldactquicklyinordertoconserve(保护)nature.Hereisoneexampleoftheproblem.Atonetimetherewere1,300differentplants,treesandflowersinHolland,butnowonlyremain860.Theothershavebeendestroyed(毁坏)bymodernmanandhistechnology.Wearechangingtheearth,theairandthewater,andeverythingthatgrowsandliveshere.Wecan’tlivewithoutthesethings.Ifitcontinueslikethis,weshalldestroyourselves.WhatwillhappeninthefuturePerhapsitismoreimportanttoask“Whatmustwedonow”Thepeoplewhowillbelivingintheworldoftomorrowaretheyoungoftoday.Alotofthemknowthatconservationisnecessary.Manyarehelpingtosaveourworld.Theyplanttrees,buildbridgesacrossriversinforests,andsoon.InasmalltownintheUnitedStatesalargegroupofgirlscleanedthebanksof11kilometersoftheirriver.YoungpeoplemayhearaboutconservationthrougharecordcalledNOONE’SGOINGTOCHANGEOURWORLD.ItwasmadebytheBeatlesandothersingers.Themoneyfromitwillhelptoconservewildanimals.()36.TheUNsetup“WorldConservationYear”because.A.theworldwasindangerofwarB.thegovernmenthaddonesomethingtoprotecttheworldC.manythingsweredestroyedbythetechnologyD.manandhistechnologydestroyedtheearthbadly()37.KindsofplantshavedisappearedinHollandinthepastfewyears.A.860B.440C.1,300D.2,160()38.“NOONE’SGOINGTOCHANGEOURWORLD”is.A.arecordB.asongC.abookD.aCD()39.Itisimpossibletosaveourworldifwe.A.planttrees B.cleanthebanksofriversC.pickrubbish listentotherecord()40.Thepassagemainlytellsus_________.A.hepeoplewhowillbelivingintheworldoftomorrowaretheyoungoftodayB.hatwillhappenintheworldinthefutureC.conservationofnatureisnecessaryD.everyonehasknowntheimportanceofconservationofnaturesince1970=4\*ROMANIV、首字母填空OnedayIfoundalittlegirlsittingintheparksadly.Lotsofpeoplepassedbybutnevers__________(51)

toseewhyshelookedsosad.AsIgotcloserIsawthatherb________(52)hadastrangeshape.That’sahump(驼背)!Perhapsthatwasther__________

(53)whypeoplejustpassedbyandmakenoefforttohelp.Isatdownbesideherandsaid,“Hello!”Thenshe,inalowvoice,said,“Hi.”Ismiledandshesmiledb_________

(54)

,shyly.Thenwetalkedthereu_________

(51)itgotdark.Iaskedthegirlwhyshewassosad.Shelookedatmeandsaidwithasadface,“Becauseofthehump.”“But,youmakemet_________

(56)

ofanangel(天使),sweetandfriendly,”Isaid.Shelookedatmeandasked,“Really”

Isaid,“Yes,Ithinkyouareanangelandyoucomehe