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专题六数

词01思维导图串考点02核心考点精讲练命题点1

基数词和序数词[选词填空:2024.86]基数词变序数词的变化规则数字序数词变化规则示例1,2,3不规则变化first,

second,

third4~19基数词尾加-th特殊:fifth,

eighth,

ninth,

twelfth一般:fourth,

nineteenth20~90整十位数y变为ie再加-thtwenty→twentiethninety→ninetieth数字序数词变化规则示例两位数或多位数(整数除外)只变个位数twenty-third,

one

hundred

and

fifty-ninth100基数词尾加-thhundredth

基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th;

一二三,特殊记,八加h,九去e,

ve要用f替;

以y结尾变ie,后跟-th莫忘记;

若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。1.基数词的用法(1)表示数量:表示事物或人物的确切数量,用基数词+可数名词单数/复数。如:one

apple;

two

pears(2)表示时间:①表示“……点整”用“基数词+o'clock”。如:nine

o'clock②表示“……点过……分”时,若分钟数小于或等于30分钟,用“基数词+past+基数词”。如:twenty

past

three

三点二十分③表示“差……分到……点”时,若分钟数大于30分钟,

用“基数词+to+基数词”。

如:twenty

to

three两点四十分(差二十分钟三点)(3)表示日期:①年用基数词。如:

in

2024②日用序数词。如:

on

Sept.

12th(4)表示年代:in

the+整十年份的复数形式,表示“在几世纪几十年代”。如:in

the

1980s(5)表示年龄:①基数词+year(s)

old,表示“……岁”。如:fifteen

years

old②at

the

age

of+基数词,表示“在……岁时”。如:at

the

age

of

fifteen③in

one's+整十基数词的复数形式,表示“在某人几十多岁时”。如:in

his

thirties(6)表示度量衡:“基数词+单位名词+形容词(long,

wide,

high等)”,或“基数词+单位名词+in+名词(length,

width,

height,

weight等)”。如:

ten

meters

high=ten

meters

in

height(7)表示倍数:一倍/次用once,两倍/次用twice,两倍/次以上用“基数词+times”。如:three

times(8)“基数词+单数名词”相当于复合形容词,作定语,用于表示时间、距离等。如:a

ten-minute

walk=a

ten

minutes'

walk,

a

seven-day

holiday=a

seven

days'

holiday(9)基数词的读法:分类读法规则示例三位数百and+十个154读作:one

hundred

and

fifty-four分类读法规则示例三位数及以上从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”:第一个“,”前为thousand(千);第二个“,”前为million(百万);第三个“,”前为billion(十亿)_________________________________________________________60,262,170读作:

sixty

million,

two

hundred

and

sixty-two

thousand,

one

hundred

and

seventy

2.序数词的用法(1)表示顺序:其前必须加定冠词the,其后接名词单数。如:Father's

Day

is

on

the

third

Sunday

of

June

and

it's

popular

in

the

USA.(2)序数词前若有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词则不加定冠词the。如:It

is

my

third

time

to

visit

Beijing.(3)序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an,表示“又一,再一”,内含顺序性。如:We've

tried

it

three

times.

Must

we

try

it

a

fourth

time?(4)编号的表达:名词+基数词=the+序数词+名词。如:Lesson

One=the

first

lesson;

Page

Two=the

second

page(5)表示第几次做某事:It/This

is

the

first/second/…

time

that

sb.

have/has

done

sth.。如:This

is

the

first

time

that

I've

been

to

London.(6)序数词还可作副词修饰谓语动词,此时省略定冠词,表示名次。如:Who

came

first

in

the

race?命题点2

概数词1.表示确切的数字(具体数字+概数词+可数名词复数):hundred,

thousand,

million,

billion等词与具体的数字one,

two…

或several,

some,

many等连用时,要用单数形式。如:five

hundred

people,

two

thousand

books,

many

million

trees2.表示不确切的数字(概数词加-s+of+可数名词复数):与of连用时,要用复数形式,但前面不能再加具体数字。如:thousands

of

factories针对练习用括号中所给词的正确形式填空1.(2024黑龙江牡丹江改编)There

are

twenty-four

solar

terms(节气)

in

a

year.

Lichun

is

the

_____(one)

one.2.(2024四川遂宁)Tomorrow

is

Linda's

______(nine)

birthday.

Let's

buy

some

gifts

for

her.3.(2024甘肃临夏)Tony

doesn't

like

sports

and

he

does

exercise

only

______(one)

a

week.4.(2024黑龙江)Three

________(four)

of

the

students

in

our

class

like

playing

basketball.firstninthoncefourths5.(2024四川雅安)Paul

was

reading

a

book

on

the

______(three)

floor

of

the

city

library

when

I

called

him.6.(2024四川达州改编)_________(million)

of

foreign

tourists

visit

China

every

year.7.There

are

seven

days

in

a

week

and

Monday

is

the

________(two)

day

of

the

week.8.Mr.

Smith

lives

on

the

_______(eight)

floor.

To

keep

healthy,

he

walks

upstairs

every

day.9.Tomorrow

is

my

sister's

_____(five)

birthday.

After

that,

she

will

be

five

years

old.thirdMillionssecondeighthfifth10.Suzhou

is

a

city

with

many

places

of

interest

and

__________(thousand)

of

tourists

come

here

every

year.11.Marx

found

it

necessary

to

learn

Russian

when

he

was

already

in

his

_______(fifty).12.Three

_________(hundred)

volunteers

from

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